Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (itrans transliteration).

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 123

jyoti mil jAtI hai; so yah bhI mithyA hai. dIpakakI jyoti to mUrtik achetan hai, aisI jyoti
vahA.N kaise sambhav hai? tathA jyotime.n jyoti milane par yah jyoti rahatI hai yA vinaShTa ho jAtI hai?
yadi rahatI hai to jyoti ba.DhtI jAyagI, tab jyotime.n hInAdhikapanA hogA; aur vinaShTa ho jAtI
hai to apanI sattA naShTa ho aisA kArya upAdey kaise mAne.n? isaliye aisA bhI banatA nahI.n hai.

tathA ek mokSha aisA kahate hai.n ki — AtmA brahma hI hai, mAyAkA AvaraN miTane par mukti

hI hai; so yah bhI mithyA hai. yah mAyAke AvaraN sahit thA tab brahmase ek thA ki alag thA?
yadi ek thA to brahma hI mAyArUp huA aur alag thA to mAyA dUr hone par brahmame.n milatA hai
tab isakA astitva rahatA hai yA nahI.n? yadi rahatA hai to sarvaj~nako to isakA astitva alag bhAsit
hogA; tab sa.nyog honese mile kaho, parantu paramArthase to mile nahI.n hai.n. tathA astitva nahI.n rahatA
hai to apanA abhAv honA kaun chAhegA? isaliye yah bhI nahI.n banatA.

tathA kitane hI ek prakArase mokShako aisA bhI kahate hai.n ki — buddhi AdikakA nAsh

hone par mokSha hotA hai. so sharIrake a.ngabhUt man, indriyo.nke AdhIn j~nAn nahI.n rahA. kAm-
krodhAdik dUr hone par to aisA kahanA banatA hai; aur vahA.N chetanAkA bhI abhAv huA mAne.n
to pAShANAdi samAn ja.D.h.h avasthAko kaise bhalA mAne.n? tathA bhalA sAdhan karanese to jAnapanA
ba.DhtA hai, phi ra bahut bhalA sAdhan karane par jAnapanekA abhAv honA kaise mAne.n? tathA lokame.n
j~nAnakI maha.ntatAse ja.DpanekI to maha.ntatA nahI.n hai; isaliye yah nahI.n banatA.

isI prakAr anek prakAr kalpanA dvArA mokShako batalAte hai.n so kuCh yathArtha to jAnate

nahI.n hai.n; sa.nsAr – avasthAkI mukti – avasthAme.n kalpanA karake apanI ichChAnusAr bakate hai.n.

is prakAr vedAntAdi mato.nme.n anyathA nirUpaN karate hai.n.

muslimamat sambandhI vichAr

tathA isI prakAr musalamAno.nke matame.n anyathA nirUpaN karate hai.n. jis prakAr ve brahmako

sarvavyApI, ek, nira.njan, sarvakA kartA-hartA mAnate hai.n; usI prakAr yah khudAko mAnate hai.n. tathA
jaise ve avatAr hue mAnate hai.n vaise hI yah paigambar hue mAnate hai.n. jis prakAr ve puNya-pApakA
lekhA lenA, yathAyogya daNDAdik denA ThaharAte hai.n; usI prakAr yah khudAko ThaharAte hai.n. tathA
jis prakAr ve gAy Adiko pUjya kahate hai.n; usI prakAr yah sUar Adiko kahate hai.n. sab
tirya.nchAdik hai.n. tathA jis prakAr ve IshvarakI bhaktise mukti kahate hai.n; usI prakAr yah khudAkI
bhaktise kahate hai.n. tathA jisaprakAr ve kahI.n dayAkA poShaN, kahI.n hi.nsAkA poShaN karate hai.n; usI
prakAr yah bhI kahI.n mahar karanekA, kahI.n katal karanekA poShaN karate hai.n. tathA jis prakAr

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124 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

ve kahI.n tapashcharaN karanekA, kahI.n viShay-sevanakA poShaN karate hai.n; usI prakAr yah bhI poShaN
karate hai.n. tathA jis prakAr ve kahI.n mA.ns-madirA, shikAr AdikA niShedh karate hai.n, kahI.n uttam
puruSho.n dvArA unakA a.ngIkAr karanA batalAte hai.n; usI prakAr yah bhI unakA niShedh va a.ngIkAr
karanA batalAte hai.n. aise anek prakArase samAnatA pAyI jAtI hai. yadyapi nAmAdik aur hai.n;
tathApi prayojanabhUt arthakI ekatA pAyI jAtI hai.

tathA Ishvar, khudA Adi mUl shraddhAnakI to ekatA hai aur uttar shraddhAname.n bahut hI

visheSh hai.n; vahA.N unase bhI yah viparItarUp viShayakaShAyake poShak, hi.nsAdi pApake poShak,
pratyakShAdi pramANase viruddha nirUpaN karate hai.n.

isaliye musalamAno.nkA mat mahA viparItarUp jAnanA.
is prakAr is kShetra-kAlame.n jin-jin mato.nkI prachur pravR^itti hai unakA mithyApanA pragaT

kiyA.

yahA.N koI kahe ki — yah mat mithyA hai.n to ba.De rAjAdik va ba.De vidyAvAn in

mato.nme.n kaise pravartate hai.n?

samAdhAnaH — jIvo.nke mithyAvAsanA anAdise hai so iname.n mithyAtvakA hI poShaN hai. tathA

jIvo.nko viShayakaShAyarUp kAryo.nkI chAh vartatI hai so iname.n viShayakaShAyarUp kAryo.nkA hI poShaN hai.
tathA rAjAdiko.nkA va vidyAvAno.nkA aise dharmame.n viShayakaShAyarUp prayojan siddha hotA hai. tathA jIv
to lokani.ndyapanAko bhI lA.Nghakar, pAp bhI jAnakar, jin kAryo.nko karanA chAhe un kAryo.nko karate
dharma batalAye.n to aise dharmame.n kaun nahI.n lagegA? isaliye in dharmo.nkI visheSh pravR^itti hai.

tathA kadAchit tU kahegA — in dharmo.nme.n virAgatA, dayA ityAdi bhI to kahate hai.n? so

jis prakAr jhol diye binA khoTA dravya (sikkA) nahI.n chalatA; usI prakAr sachako milAye
binA jhUTh nahI.n chalatA; parantu sarvake hit prayojaname.n viShayakaShAyakA hI poShaN kiyA hai.
jis prakAr gItAme.n upadesh dekar yuddha karanekA prayojan pragaT kiyA, vedAntame.n shuddha nirUpaN
karake svachChanda honekA prayojan dikhAyA; usI prakAr anya jAnanA. tathA yah kAl to
nikR^iShTa hai, so isame.n to nikR^iShTa dharmakI hI pravR^itti visheSh hotI hai.

dekho, isakAlame.n musalamAn bahut pradhAn ho gaye, hindU ghaT gaye; hinduo.nme.n aur to

ba.Dh.h.h gaye, jainI ghaT gaye. so yah kAlakA doSh hai.

is prakAr is kShetrame.n is kAl mithyAdharmakI pravR^itti bahut pAyI jAtI hai.

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 125

anyamat nirUpit tattva-vichAr

ab, paNDitapaneke balase kalpit yuktiyo.n dvArA nAnA mat sthApit hue hai.n, uname.n jo

tattvAdik mAne jAte hai.n, unakA nirUpaN karate hai.nH —

sA.nkhyamat

vahA.N sA.nkhyamatame.n pachchIs tattva mAnate hai.n1. so kahate hai.n — sattva, raj, tamaH yah tIn

guN kahate hai.n. vahA.N sattva dvArA prasAd (prasanna) hotA hai, rajoguN dvArA chitta kI cha.nchalatA hotI
hai, tamoguN dvArA mU.DhtA hotI hai, ityAdi lakShaN kahate hai.n. inarUp avasthAkA nAm prakR^iti hai;
tathA usase buddhi utpanna hotI hai; usIkA nAm mahatattva hai, usase aha.nkAr utpanna hotA hai; usase
solah mAtrA hotI hai.n. vahA.N pA.Nch to j~nAn indriyA.N hotI hai.n — sparshan, rasanA, ghrAN, chakShu, shrotra

tathA ek man hotA hai. tathA pA.Nch karma indriyA.N hotI hai.n — vachan, charaN, hasta, li.ng, gudA.

tathA pA.Nch tanmAtrA hotI hai.n — rUp, ras, gandha, sparsha, shabda. tathA rUpase agni, ras se jal,

gandha se pR^ithvI, sparsha se pavan, shabda se AkAsh — is prakAr hue kahate hai.n. is prakAr chaubIs

tattva to prakR^itisvarUp hai.n; inase bhinna nirguN kartA-bhotA ek puruSh hai.

is prakAr pachchIs tattva kahate hai.n so yah kalpit hai.n; kyo.nki rAjasAdik guN Ashray

binA kaise ho.nge? inakA Ashray to chetan dravya hI sambhav hai. tathA inase buddhi huI kahate
hai.n so buddhi nAm to j~nAnakA hai aur j~nAnaguNadhArI padArthame.n yah hotI dekhI jAtI hai, to
isase j~nAn huA kaise mAne.n? koI kahe — buddhi alag hai, j~nAn alag hai, tab man to pahale

solah mAtrAme.n kahA aur j~nAn alag kahoge to buddhi kisakA nAm ThaharegA? tathA usase
aha.nkAr huA kahA so paravastu me.n ‘‘mai.n karatA hU.N’’ aisA mAnanekA nAm aha.nkAr hai, sAkShIbhUt
jAnanese to aha.nkAr hotA nahI.n hai, to j~nAnase utpanna kaise kahA jAtA hai?

tathA aha.nkAr dvArA solah mAtrAe.N kahI.n, uname.n pA.Nch j~nAnaindriyA.N kahI.n, so sharIrame.n

netrAdi AkArarUp dravyendriyA.N hai.n ve to pR^ithvI Adivat ja.D.h.h dekhI jAtI hai.n aur varNAdikake
jAnanerUp bhAvaindriyA.N hai.n so j~nAnarUp hai.n, aha.nkArakA kyA prayojan hai? koI-kisIko aha.nkAr
buddhirahit dekhaneme.n AtA hai? vahA.N aha.nkAr dvArA utpanna honA kaise sambhav hai? tathA man
kahA, so indriyavat hI man hai; kyo.nki dravyaman sharIrarUp hai, bhAvaman j~nAnarUp hai. tathA
pA.Nch karmaindriy kahate hai.n so yah to sharIrake a.ng hai.n, mUrtik hai.n. amUrtik aha.nkArase inakA
utpanna honA kaise mAne.n?

1. prakR^itamahA.nstatA.aha.nkArastaramAdgaNashcha ShoDashakaH.

tasmAdapi ShoDashakAtpa.nchabhyaH pa.nch bhUtAni.. (sA.nkhya kA0 12)

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126 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

tathA karma indriyA.N pA.Nch hI to nahI.n hai.n, sharIr ke sarva a.ng kAryakArI hai.n. tathA

varNan to sarva jIvAshrit hai, manuShyAshrit hI to nahI.n hai, isaliye sU.nD, pU.nCh ityAdi a.ng
bhI karmaindriyA.N hai.n; pA.NchakI hI sa.nkhyA kisaliye kahate hai.n?

tathA sparshAdik pA.Nch tanmAtrA kahI.n, so rUpAdi kuCh alag vastu nahI.n hai.n, ve to

paramANuo.n se tanmay guN hai.n; ve alag kaise utpanna hue? tathA aha.nkAr to amUrtik jIv
kA pariNAm hai, isaliye yah mUrtik guN kaise utpanna hue mAne.n?

tathA in pA.Ncho.nse agni Adi utpanna kahate hai.n so pratyakSha jhUTh hai. rUpAdik aur agni

Adikake to sahabhUt guN-guNI sambandha hai, kathanamAtra bhinna hai, vastubhed nahI.n hai. kisI prakAr
koI bhinna hote bhAsit nahI.n hote, kathanamAtrase bhed utpanna karate hai.n. isaliye rUpAdise agni
Adi utpanna hue kaise kahe.n? tathA kahaneme.n bhI guNIme.n guN hai.n, guNase guNI utpanna huA kaise mAne.n?

tathA inase bhinna ek puruSh kahate hai.n, parantu usakA svarUp avaktavya kahakar pratyuttar

nahI.n karate, to kaun samajhe? kaisA hai, kahA.N hai, kaise kartA-hartA hai, so batalA. jo batalAyegA
usIme.n vichAr karanese anyathApanA bhAsit hogA.

is prakAr sA.nkhyamat dvArA kalpit tattva mithyA jAnanA.
tathA puruShako prakR^itise bhinna jAnanekA nAm mokShamArga kahate hai.n; so pratham to prakR^iti aur

puruSh koI hai hI nahI.n tathA mAtra jAnanese hI to siddhi hotI nahI.n hai; jAnakar rAgAdik miTAne par
siddhi hotI hai. parantu is prakAr jAnanese kuCh rAgAdik nahI.n ghaTate. prakR^itikA karttavya mAne, Ap
akarttA rahe; to kisaliye Ap rAgAdik kam karegA? isaliye yah mokShamArga nahI.n hai.

tathA prakR^iti-puruShakA bhinna honA use mokSha kahate hai.n. so pachchIs tattvo.nme.n chaubIs tattva

to prakR^iti sambandhI kahe, ek puruSh bhinna kahA; so ve to bhinna hai.n hI; aur koI jIv
padArtha pachchIs tattvo.nme.n kahA hI nahI.n. tathA puruShako hI prakR^itikA sa.nyog hone par jIv sa.nj~nA
hotI hai to puruSh nyAre-nyAre prakR^itisahit hai.n, pashchAt sAdhan dvArA koI puruSh prakR^itirahit
hotA hai — aisA siddha huA, ek puruSh na ThaharA.

tathA prakR^iti puruShakI bhUl hai yA kisI vya.ntarIvat bhinna hI hai, jo jIvako A lagatI

hai? yadi usakI bhUl hai to prakR^itise indriyAdik va sparshAdik tattva utpanna hue kaise mAne.n?
aur alag hai to vah bhI ek vastu hai, sarva kartavya usakA ThaharA. puruShakA kuCh kartavya
hI nahI.n rahA, tab kisaliye upadesh dete hai.n?

is prakAr yah mokSha mAnanA mithyA hai.

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 127

tathA vahA.N pratyakSha, anumAn, Agam yah tIn pramAN kahate hai.n; parantu unake satya-

asatyakA nirNay jainake nyAy – gra.ntho.nse jAnanA.

tathA is sA.nkhyamatame.n koI to Ishvar ko mAnate nahI.n hai.n, kitane hI ek puruSh ko

Ishvar mAnate hai.n, kitane hI shivako, kitane hI nArAyaNako dev mAnate hai.n. apanI ichChAnusAr
kalpanA karate hai.n, kuCh nishchay nahI.n hai. tathA is matame.n kitane hI jaTA dhAraN karate hai.n,
kitane hI choTI rakhate hai.n, kitane hI muNDit hote hai.n, kitane hI katthaI vastra pahinate hai.n;
ityAdi anek prakArase bheSh dhAraN karake tattvaj~nAnake Ashrayase mahanta kahalAte hai.n.

is prakAr sA.nkhyamatakA nirUpaN kiyA.

shivamat

tathA shivamatame.n do bhed hai.n — naiyAyik, vaisheShika.

naiyAyikamat

vahA.N naiyAyikamatame.n solah tattva kahate hai.n — pramAN, pramey, sa.nshay, prayojan, dR^iShTAnta,

siddhAnta, avayav, tarka, nirNay, vAd, jalpa, vita.nDA, hetvAbhAs, Chal, jAti, nigrahasthAna.

vahA.N pramAN chAr prakArake kahate hai.n — pratyakSha, anumAn, shabda, upamA. tathA AtmA, deh,

artha, buddhi ityAdi pramey kahate hai.n. tathA ‘‘yah kyA hai?’’ usakA nAm sa.nshay hai. jisake
artha pravR^itti ho so prayojan hai. jise vAdI-prativAdI mAne.n so dR^iShTAnta hai. dR^iShTAnta dvArA jise
ThaharAye.n vah siddhAnta hai. tathA anumAnake pratij~nA Adi pA.Nch a.ng vah avayav hai.n. sa.nshay
dUr hone par kisI vichArase ThIk ho so tarka hai. pashchAt pratItirUp jAnanA so nirNay hai.
AchArya-shiShyame.n pakSha-pratipakSha dvArA abhyAs so vAd hai. jAnanekI ichChArUp kathAme.n jo Chal,
jAti Adi dUShaN ho so jalpa hai. pratipakSha rahit vAd so vita.nDA hai. sachche hetu nahI.n hai.n
aise asiddha Adi bhedasahit hetvAbhAs hai. Chalasahit vachan so Chal hai. sachche dUShaN nahI.n hai.n
aise dUShaNAbhAs so jAti hai. jisase prativAdIkA nigrah ho so nigrahasthAn hai.

is prakAr sa.nshayAdi tattva kahe hai.n, so yah koI vastusvarUp tattva to hai.n nahI.n. j~nAnakA

nirNay karaneko va vAd dvArA pA.nDitya pragaT karaneko kAraNabhUt vichArarUp tattva kahe hai.n; so
inase paramArthakArya kyA hogA? kAm-krodhAdi bhAvako miTAkar nirAkul honA so kArya hai;
vah prayojan to yahA.N kuCh dikhAyA nahI.n hai; pa.nDitAIkI nAnA yuktiyA.N banAI.n, so yah bhI
ek chAturya hai; isaliye yah tattvabhUt nahI.n hai.n.

phi ra kahoge — inako jAne binA prayojanabhUt tattvo.nkA nirNay nahI.n kar sakate, isaliye

yah tattva kahe hai.n; so aisI paramparA to vyAkaraNavAle bhI kahate hai.n ki — vyAkaraN pa.Dhnese

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128 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

arthakA nirNay hotA hai, va bhojanAdikake adhikArI bhI kahate hai.n ki — bhojan karanese sharIr

kI sthiratA hone par tattvanirNay karaneme.n samartha hote hai.n; so aisI yukti kAryakArI nahI.n hai.

tathA yadi kahoge ki — vyAkaraN, bhojanAdik to avashya tattvaj~nAnako kAraN nahI.n

hai.n, laukik kArya sAdhaneko kAraN hai.n; so jaise yah hai.n usI prakAr tumhAre kahe tattva bhI
laukik (kArya) sAdhaneko hI kAraN hote hai.n. jis prakAr indriyAdikake jAnaneko pratyakShAdi
pramAN kahA, va sthANu-puruShAdime.n sa.nshayAdikakA nirUpaN kiyA. isaliye jinako jAnanese
avashya kAm-krodhAdi dUr ho.n, nirAkulatA utpanna ho, ve hI tattva kAryakArI hai.n.

phi ra kahoge ki — pramey tattvame.n AtmAdikakA nirNay hotA hai so kAryakArI hai; so

pramey to sarva hI vastu hai, pramiti kA viShay nahI.n hai aisI koI bhI vastu nahI.n hai; isaliye
pramey tattva kisaliye kahe? AtmA Adi tattva kahanA the.

tathA AtmAdikakA bhI svarUp anyathA prarUpit kiyA hai aisA pakShapAt rahit vichAr

karane par bhAsit hotA hai. jaise AtmAke do bhed kahate hai.n — paramAtmA, jIvAtmA. vahA.N

paramAtmAko sarvakA karttA batalAte hai.n. vahA.N aisA anumAn karate hai.n ki — yah jagat karttA dvArA

utpanna huA hai, kyo.nki yah kArya hai. jo kArya hai vah karttA dvArA utpanna hai jaise — ghaTAdika.

parantu yah anumAnAbhAs hai; kyo.nki aisA anumAnAntar sambhav hai. yah sarva jagat kartA dvArA
utpanna nahI.n hai, kyo.nki isame.n akAryarUp padArtha bhI hai.n. jo akArya hai.n so kartA dvArA utpanna
nahI.n hai.n, jaise — sUrya bimbAdika. kyo.nki anek padArtho.nke samudAyarUp jagatame.n koI padArtha kR^itrim

hai.n so manuShyAdik dvArA kiye hote hai.n, koI akR^itrim hai.n so unakA koI kartA nahI.n hai. yah
pratyakShAdi pramANake agochar hai.n, isaliye Ishvarako kartA mAnanA mithyA hai.

tathA jIvAtmAko pratyek sharIr bhinna-bhinna kahate hai.n, so yah satya hai; parantu mukta honeke

pashchAt bhI bhinna hI mAnanA yogya hai. visheSh to pahale kahA hI hai.

isI prakAr anya tattvo.nko mithyA prarUpit karate hai.n.
tathA pramANAdikake svarUpakI bhI anyathA kalpanA karate hai.n vah jain gra.ntho.nse parIkShA

karane par bhAsit hotA hai.

is prakAr naiyAyik matame.n kahe kalpit tattva jAnanA.

vaisheShikamat

tathA vaisheShikamatame.n Chah tattva kahe hai.n. dravya, guN, karma, sAmAnya, visheSh, samavAya.

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 129

vahA.N dravya nau prakAr hai.n — pR^ithvI, jal, agni, vAyu, AkAsh, kAl, dishA, AtmA,

mana. vahA.N pR^ithvI, jal, agni aur vAyuke paramANu bhinna-bhinna hai.n; ve paramANu nitya hai.n; unase
kAryarUp pR^ithvI Adi hote hai.n so anitya hai.n. parantu aisA kahanA pratyakShAdise viruddha hai.
IndhanarUp pR^ithvI Adike paramANu agnirUp hote dekhe jAte hai.n, agni ke paramANu rAkharUp pR^ithvI
hote dekhe jAte hai.n. jalake paramANu muktAphal (motI) rUp pR^ithvI hote dekhe jAte hai.n. phi ra
yadi tU kahegA — ve paramANu chale jAte hai.n, dUsare hI paramANu un rUp hote hai.n, so pratyakShako

asatya ThaharAtA hai. aisI koI prabal yukti kah to isI prakAr mAne.n, parantu keval kahanese
hI aisA ThaharatA nahI.n hai. isaliye sab paramANuo.nkI ek pudgalarUp mUrtik jAti hai, vah
pR^ithvI Adi anek avasthArUp pariNamit hotI hai.

tathA in pR^ithvI AdikA kahI.n pR^ithak sharIr ThaharAte hai.n, so mithyA hI hai; kyo.nki

usakA koI pramAN nahI.n hai. aur pR^ithvI Adi to paramANupiNDa hai.n; inakA sharIr anyatra,
yah anyatra — aisA sambhav nahI.n hai, isaliye yah mithyA hai. tathA jahA.N padArtha aTake nahI.n

aisI jo pol use AkAsh kahate hai.n; kShaN, pal Adiko kAl kahate hai.n; so yah dono.n
hI avastu hai.n, yah sattArUp padArtha nahI.n hai.n. padArtho.nke kShetra-pariNamanAdikakA pUrvApar vichAr
karaneke artha inakI kalpanA karate hai.n. tathA dishA kuCh hai hI nahI.n; AkAshame.n khaNDakalpanA
dvArA dishA mAnate hai.n. tathA AtmA do prakAr se kahate hai.n; so pahale nirUpaN kiyA hI
hai. tathA man koI pR^ithak padArtha nahI.n hai. bhAvaman to j~nAnarUp hai so AtmAkA svarUp
hai, dravyaman paramANuo.nkA piNDa hai so sharIrakA a.ng hai. is prakAr yah dravya kalpit jAnanA.

tathA chaubIs guN kahate hai.n — sparsha, ras, ga.ndh, varNa, shabda, sa.nkhyA, vibhAg, sa.nyog,

pariNAm, pR^ithaktva, paratva, aparatva, buddhi, sukh, duHkh, ichChA, dharma, adharma, prayatna, sa.nskAr,
dveSh, sneh, gurutva, dravyatva. so iname.n sparshAdik guN to paramANuo.nme.n pAye jAte hai.n; parantu
pR^ithvIko ga.ndhavatI hI kahanA, jalako shIt sparshavAn hI kahanA ityAdi mithyA hai; kyo.nki kisI
pR^ithvIme.n ga.ndhakI mukhyatA bhAsit nahI.n hotI, koI jal uShNa dekhA jAtA hai — ityAdi pratyakShAdise

viruddha hai. tathA shabdako AkAshakA guN kahate hai.n so mithyA hai; shabda to bhI.nt Adise
rukatA hai, isaliye mUrtik hai aur AkAsh amUrtik sarvavyApI hai. bhI.ntame.n AkAsh rahe aur
shabdaguN pravesh na kar sake, yah kaise banegA? tathA sa.nkhyAdik hai.n so vastume.n to kuCh hai.n
nahI.n, anya padArthakI apekShA anya padArthakI hInAdhikatA jAnaneko apane j~nAname.n sa.nkhyAdikakI
kalpanA dvArA vichAr karate hai.n. tathA buddhi Adi hai so AtmAkA pariNaman hai, vahA.N buddhi
nAm j~nAnakA hai to AtmAkA guN hai hI, aur manakA nAm hai to man to dravyo.nme.n kahA hI

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130 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

thA, yahA.N guN kisaliye kahA? tathA sukhAdik hai.n so AtmAme.n kadAchit pAye jAte hai.n, AtmAke
lakShaNabhUt to yah guN hai.n nahI.n, avyAptapanese lakShaNAbhAs hai. tathA snigdhAdi pudgalaparamANume.n
pAye jAte hai.n, so snigdha gurutva ityAdi to sparshan indriy dvArA jAne jAte hai.n, isaliye
sparshaguName.n garbhit hue, alag kisaliye kahe? tathA dravyatvaguN jalame.n kahA, so aise to agni
Adime.n UrdhvagamanatvAdi pAye jAte hai.n. yA to sarva kahanA the yA sAmAnyame.n garbhit karanA
the. is prakAr yah guN kahe ve bhI kalpit hai.n.

tathA karma pA.Nch prakArake kahate hai.n — utkShepaN, avakShepaN, Aku.nchan, prasAraN, yaman; so

yah to sharIrakI cheShTAe.N hai.n; inako alag kahanekA artha kyA? tathA itanI hI cheShTAe.N to hotI
nahI.n hai.n, cheShTAe.N to bahut hI prakArakI hotI hai.n. tathA inako alag hI tattva sa.nj~nA kahI; so
yA to alag padArtha ho.n to unhe.n alag tattva kahanA thA, yA kAm-krodhAdi miTAneme.n visheSh
prayojanabhUt ho.n to tattva kahanA thA; so dono.n hI nahI.n hai. aur aise hI kah denA ho to
pAShANAdikakI anek avasthAe.N hotI hai.n so kahA karo, kuCh sAdhya nahI.n hai.n.

tathA sAmAnya do prakArase hai — par aur apara. vahA.N par to sattArUp hai, apar

dravyatvAdirUp hai. tathA jinakI nitya dravyame.n pravR^itti ho ve visheSh hai.n; ayutasiddha sambandhakA
nAm samavAy hai. yah sAmAnyAdik to bahuto.nko ek prakAr dvArA va ek vastume.n bhed-kalpanA
dvArA va bhedakalpanA apekShA sambandha mAnanese apane vichArame.n hI hote hai.n, koI alag padArtha
to hai.n nahI.n. tathA inake jAnanese kAm-krodhAdi miTAnerUp visheSh prayojanakI bhI siddhi nahI.n
hai, isaliye inako tattva kisaliye kahA? aur aise hI tattva kahanA the to prameyatvAdi vastuke
ananta dharma hai.n va sambandha, AdhArAdik kArako.nke anek prakAr vastume.n sambhavit hai.n, isaliye
yA to sarva kahanA the yA prayojan jAnakar kahanA the. isaliye yah sAmAnyAdik tattva bhI
vR^ithA hI kahe hai.n.

is prakAr vaisheShiko.n dvArA kahe tattva kalpit jAnanA.
tathA vaisheShik do hI pramAN mAnate hai.n — pratyakSha aur anumAna. so inake satya-asatyakA

nirNay jain 1nyAy grantho.nse jAnanA.

tathA naiyAyik to kahate hai.n — viShay, indriy, buddhi, sharIr, sukh, duHkho.nke abhAvase

AtmAkI sthiti so mukti hai. aur vaisheShik kahate hai.n — chaubIs guNo.nme.n buddhi Adi nau guNo.nkA

1. devAgam, yuktyAnushAsan, aShTasahasrI, nyAyavinishchay, siddhivinishchay, pramANasa.ngrah, tattvArthashlokavArtik,

rAjavArtik, prameyakamalamArtaNDa aur nyAyakumudachandrAdi dArshanik grantho.nse jAnanA chAhiye.

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 131

abhAv so mukti hai. yahA.N buddhikA abhAv kahA, so buddhi nAm j~nAnakA hai aur j~nAnakA
adhikaraNapanA AtmAkA lakShaN kahA thA; ab j~nAnakA abhAv hone par lakShaNakA abhAv honese
lakShyakA bhI abhAv hogA, tab AtmAkI sthiti kis prakAr rahI? aur yadi buddhi nAm
manakA hai to bhAvaman to j~nAnarUp hai hI, aur dravyaman sharIrarUp hai so mukta hone par dravyamanakA
sambandha ChUTatA hI hai, to ja.D.h.h dravyamanakA nAm buddhi kaise hogA? tathA manavat hI indriyA.N
jAnanA. tathA viShayakA abhAv ho, to sparshAdi viShayo.nkA jAnanA miTatA hai, tab j~nAn kisakA
nAm ThaharegA? aur un viShayo.nkA abhAv hogA to lokakA abhAv hogA. tathA sukhakA
abhAv kahA, so sukhake hI artha upAy karate hai.n; usakA jab abhAv hogA, tab upAdey
kaise hogA? tathA yadi vahA.N AkulatAmay indriyajanit sukhakA abhAv huA kahe.n to yah satya
hai; kyo.nki nirAkulatA- lakShaN atIndriy sukh to vahA.N sampUrNa sambhav hai, isaliye sukhakA
abhAv nahI.n hai. tathA sharIr, duHkh, dveShAdikakA vahA.N abhAv kahate hai.n so satya hai.

tathA shivamatame.n kartA nirguN Ishvar shiv hai, use dev mAnate hai.n; so usake svarUpakA

anyathApanA pUrvokta prakArase jAnanA. tathA yahA.N bhasma, kopIn, jaTA, janeU ityAdi chihno.n
sahit bheSh hote hai.n so AchArAdi bhedase chAr prakAr hai.nH — shaiv, pAshupat, mahAvratI, kAlamukha.

so yah rAgAdi sahit hai.n, isalie suli.ng nahI.n hai.n.

is prakAr shivamatakA nirUpaN kiyA.

mImA.nsakamat

ab mImA.nsakamatakA svarUp kahate hai.n. mImA.nsak do prakArake hai.nH — brahmavAdI aur

karmavAdI.

vahA.N brahmavAdI to ‘‘yah sarva brahma hai, dUsarA nahI.n hai’’ aisA vedAntame.n advait brahmako

nirUpit karate hai.n; tathA ‘‘AtmAme.n lay honA so mukti’’ kahate hai.n. inakA mithyApanA pahale
dikhAyA hai so vichAranA.

tathA karmavAdI kriyA, AchAr, yaj~nAdik kAryo.nkA kartavyapanA prarUpit karate hai.n so in

kriyAo.nme.n rAgAdikakA sadbhAv pAyA jAtA hai, isaliye yah kArya kuCh bhI kAryakArI nahI.n
hai.n.

tathA vahA.N ‘bhaTTa’ aur ‘prabhAkar’ dvArA kI huI do paddhatiyA.N hai.n. vahA.N bhaTTa to Chah

pramAN mAnate hai.n — pratyakSha, anumAn, ved, upamA, arthApatti, abhAva. tathA prabhAkar abhAv

binA pA.Nch hI pramAN mAnate hai.n, so inakA satyAsatyapanA jain shAstro.nse jAnanA.

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132 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

tathA vahA.N ShaTakarma sahit brahmasUtrake dhArak, shUdrake annAdike tyAgI, gR^ihasthAshram hai nAm

jinakA aise bhaTTa hai.n. tathA vedAntame.n yaj~nopavIt rahit, vipraannAdikake grAhI, bhagavat hai nAm
jinakA ve chAr prakArake hai.n — kuTIchar, bahUdak, ha.ns, paramaha.nsa. so yah kuCh tyAgase sa.ntuShTa

hue hai.n, parantu j~nAn-shraddhAnakA mithyApanA aur rAgAdikakA sadbhAv inake pAyA jAtA hai; isaliye
yah bheSh kAryakArI nahI.n hai.n.

jaiminIyamat

tathA jaiminIyamat hai; so is prakAr kahate hai.nH —

sarvaj~nadev koI hai nahI.n; nitya vedavachan hai.n unase yathArtha nirNay hotA hai. isaliye

pahale vedapATh dvArA kriyAme.n pravartanA vah to nodanA (preraNA), vahI hai lakShaN jisakA aise
dharmakA sAdhan karanA. jaise kahate hai.n ki — ‘‘svaH kAmo.agni.n yajet’’ svargAbhilAShI agniko

pUje; ityAdi nirUpaN karate hai.n.

yahA.N pUChate hai.n — shaiv, sA.nkhya, naiyAyikAdi sabhI vedako mAnate hai.n, tum bhI mAnate ho;

tumhAre va un sabake tattvAdi nirUpaName.n paraspar viruddhatA pAyI jAtI hai so kyA kAraN hai?
yadi vedame.n hI kahI.n kuCh, kahI.n kuCh nirUpaN kiyA hai, to usakI pramANatA kaise rahI? aur
yadi matavAle hI kahI.n kuCh kahI.n kuCh nirUpaN karate hai.n to tum paraspar jhaga.D.h.h, nirNay karake
ekako vedakA anusArI anyako vedase parA~N.hmukh ThaharAo. so hame.n to yah bhAsit hotA hai —

vedame.n hI pUrvApar viruddhatAsahit nirUpaN hai. isaliye usakA apanI-apanI ichChAnusAr artha
grahaN karake alag-alag mato.nke adhikArI hue hai.n. parantu aise vedako pramAN kaise kare.n? tathA
agni pUjanese svarga hotA hai, so agniko manuShyase uttam kaise mAne.n? pratyakSha-viruddha hai. tathA
vah svargadAtA kaise hogI? isI prakAr anya vedavachan pramANaviruddha hai.n. tathA vedame.n brahmA kahA
hai, to sarvaj~na kyo.n nahI.n mAnate? ityAdi prakArase jaiminIyamat kalpit jAnanA.

bauddhamat

ab bauddhamatakA svarUp kahate hai.nH —

bauddhamatame.n chAr Aryasatya1 prarUpit karate hai.n — duHkh, Ayatan, samudAy, mArga. vahA.N

1duHkhamAyatana.n chaiv tataH samudayo mataH.
mArgashchetyasya cha vyAkhyA krameN shrUyatAmataH..36.. vi0 vi0

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 133

sa.nsArIke skandharUp vah duHkh hai. vah pA.Nch 1prakAr kA hai — vij~nAn, vedanA, sa.nj~nA, sa.nskAr, rUpa.

vahA.N rUpAdikakA jAnanA so vij~nAn hai; sukh-duHkhakA anubhavan karanA so vedanA hai;

sotekA jAganA so sa.nj~nA hai; pa.DhA thA use yAd karanA so sa.nskAr hai; rUpakA dhAraN so
rUp2 hai. yahA.N vij~nAnAdikako duHkh kahA so mithyA hai; duHkh to kAm-krodhAdik hai.n, j~nAn

duHkh nahI.n hai. yah to pratyakSha dekhate hai.n ki kisIke j~nAn tho.DA hai aur krodh-lobhAdik
bahut hai.n so duHkhI hai; kisIke j~nAn bahut hai, kAm-krodhAdi alpa hai.n va nahI.n hai.n so sukhI
hai. isaliye vij~nAnAdik duHkh nahI.n hai.n.

tathA Ayatan bArah kahe hai.n — pA.Nch indriyA.N aur unake shabdAdik pA.Nch viShay, ek

man aur ek dharmAyatana. so yah Ayatan kis artha kahe hai.n? sabako kShaNik kahate hai.n,
to inakA kyA prayojan hai?

tathA jisase rAgAdikake gaN utpanna hote hai.n aisA AtmA aur AtmIy hai nAm jisakA

so samudAy hai. vahA.N aha.nrUp AtmA aur mamarUp AtmIy jAnanA, parantu kShaNik mAnanese
inako bhI kahanekA kuCh prayojan nahI.n hai.

tathA sarva sa.nskAr kShaNik hai.n, aisI vAsanA so mArga hai. parantu bahut kAl sthAyI kitanI

hI vastue.N pratyakSha dekhI jAtI hai.n. tU kahegA — ek avasthA nahI.n rahatI; so yah ham bhI mAnate

hai.n. sUkShma paryAy kShaNasthAyI hai. tathA usI vastukA nAsh mAnate hai.n; parantu yah to hotA dikhAI
nahI.n detA, ham kaise mAne.n? tathA bAl-vR^iddhAdi avasthAme.n ek AtmAkA astitva bhAsit hotA
hai; yadi ek nahI.n hai to pUrva-uttar kAryakA ek kartA kaise mAnate hai.n? yadi tU kahegA — sa.nskArase

hai, to sa.nskAr kisake hai.n? jisake hai.n vah nitya hai yA kShaNik hai? nitya hai to sarva kShaNik
kaise kahate hai.n? kShaNik hai to jisakA AdhAr hI kShaNik hai us sa.nskArakI paramparA kaise kahate
hai.n? tathA sarva kShaNik huA tab Ap bhI kShaNik huA. tU aisI vAsanAko mArga kahatA hai,

1. duHkha.n sa.nsAriNaH skandhAste cha pashchaprakIrtitAH.

vij~nAna.n vedanA sa.nj~nA sa.nskArorUpamev cha ..37.. vi0 vi0

2. rUpa.n pa.nchendriyANyarthAH pa.nchAvij~nAptirev cha.

tadvij~nAnAshrayA rUpaprasAdAshchakShurAdayAH ..7..
vedanAnubhavaH sa.nj~nA nimittodgrahaNAtmikA.
sa.nskAraskandhashchaturbhyonye sa.nskArAsta ime tray ..15..
vij~nAna.n prati vij~napti......... a0 ko0 (1)

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134 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

parantu is mArgake phalako Ap to prApta karatA hI nahI.n hai, kisaliye is mArgame.n pravartatA hai?
tathA tere matame.n nirarthak shAstra kisaliye banAye? upadesh to kuCh kartavya dvArA phal prApta karaneke
artha diyA jAtA hai. is prakAr yah mArga mithyA hai.

tathA rAgAdik j~nAnasa.ntAnavAsanAkA uchChed arthAt nirodh use mokSha kahate hai.n. parantu

kShaNik huA tab mokSha kisako kahatA hai? aur rAgAdikakA abhAv honA to ham bhI mAnate
hai.n; parantu j~nAnAdik apane svarUpakA abhAv hone par to apanA abhAv hogA, usakA upAy
karanA kaise hitakArI hogA? hitAhit kA vichAr karanevAlA to j~nAn hI hai; so apane abhAvako
j~nAnI hit kaise mAnegA?

tathA bauddhamatame.n do pramAN mAnate hai.n — pratyakSha aur anumAna. isake satyAsatyakA

nirUpaN jainashAstro.nse jAnanA. tathA yadi ye do hI pramAN hai.n to inake shAstra apramAN hue,
unakA nirUpaN kis artha kiyA? pratyakSha-anumAn to jIv Ap hI kar le.nge, tumane shAstra
kisaliye banAye?

tathA vahA.N sugatako dev mAnate hai.n aur usakA svarUp nagna va vikriyArUp sthApit

karate hai.n so biDambanArUp hai. tathA kamaNDal aur raktAmbarake dhArI, pUrvAhname.n bhojan karanevAle
ityAdi li.ngarUp bauddhamatake bhikShuk hai.n; so kShaNikako bheSh dhAraN karanekA kyA prayojan? parantu
maha.ntatAke artha kalpit nirUpaN karanA aur bheSh dhAraN karanA hotA hai.

is prakAr bauddho.n ke chAr prakAr hai.n — vaibhAShik, sautrA.ntik, yogAchAr, mAdhyamika.

vahA.N vaibhAShik to j~nAnasahit padArthako mAnate hai.n; sautrA.ntik pratyakSha yah dikhAI detA hai, yahI
hai, isase pare kuCh nahI.n hai aisA mAnate hai.n. yogAchAro.nke AchArasahit buddhi pAyI jAtI hai;
tathA mAdhyamik hai.n ve padArthake Ashray binA j~nAnako hI mAnate hai.n. ve apanI-apanI kalpanA
karate hai.n; parantu vichAr karane par kuCh ThikAnekI bAt nahI.n hai.

is prakAr bauddhamatakA nirUpaN kiyA.

chArvAkamat

ab chArvAkamat kA svarUp kahate hai.nH —

koI sarvaj~nadev, dharma, adharma, mokSha hai nahI.n, puNya-pApakA phal hai nahI.n, paralok hai

nahI.n; yah indriyagochar jitanA hai vah lok hai — aisA chArvAk kahatA hai.

so vahA.N usase pUChate hai.n — sarvaj~nadev is kAl-kShetrame.n nahI.n hai.n yA sarvadA sarvatra nahI.n

hai.n? is kAl-kShetrame.n to ham nahI.n mAnate hai.n, parantu sarvakAl-kShetrame.n nahI.n hai.n aisA jAnanA sarvaj~nake

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 135

binA kisake huA? jo sarva kShetra-kAlakI jAne vahI sarvaj~na, aur nahI.n jAnatA to niShedh
kaise karatA hai?

tathA dharma-adharma lokame.n prasiddha hai.n. yadi ve kalpit ho.n to sarvajan-suprasiddha kaise

hote? tathA dharma-adharmarUp pariNati hotI dekhI jAtI hai, usase vartamAname.n hI sukhI-duHkhI hote
hai.n; inhe.n kaise na mAne.n? aur mokShakA honA anumAname.n AtA hai. krodhAdik doSh kisIke
hIn hai.n, kisIke adhik hai.n; to mAlUm hotA hai kisIke inakI nAsti bhI hotI hogI.
aur j~nAnAdi guN kisIke hIn, kisIke adhik bhAsit hote hai.n; isaliye mAlUm hotA hai
kisIke sampUrNa bhI hote ho.nge. isaprakAr jisake samasta doShakI hAni, guNo.nkI prApti ho;
vahI mokSha-avasthA hai.

tathA puNya-pApakA phal bhI dekhate hai.n. koI udyam karane par bhI daridrI rahatA hai,

kisIke svayamev lakShmI hotI hai; koI sharIrakA yatna karane par bhI rogI rahatA hai, kisIke
binA hI yatna nirogatA rahatI hai — ityAdi pratyakSha dekhA jAtA hai; so isakA kAraN koI

to hogA? jo isakA kAraN vahI puNya-pAp hai.

tathA paralok bhI pratyakSha-anumAnase bhAsit hotA hai. vya.ntarAdi hai.n ve aisA kahate dekhe

jAte hai.n — ‘‘mai.n amuk thA so dev huA hU.N.’’ tathA tU kahegA — ‘‘yah to pavan hai’’; so

ham to ‘‘mai.n hU.N’’ ityAdi chetanAbhAv jisake Ashrayase pAye jAte hai.n usIko AtmA kahate hai.n,
tU usakA nAm pavan kahatA hai. parantu pavan to bhI.nt Adise aTakatI hai, AtmA mu.NdA
(banda) hone par bhI aTakatA nahI.n hai; isaliye pavan kaise mAne.n?

tathA jitanA indriyagochar hai utanA hI lok kahatA hai; parantu tere indriyagochar to

tho.De se bhI yojan dUravartI kShetra aur tho.DA-sA atIt-anAgat kAl — aise kShetra-kAlavartI bhI

padArtha nahI.n ho sakate, aur dUr deshakI va bahut kAlakI bAte.n paramparAse sunate hI hai.n; isaliye
sabakA jAnanA tere nahI.n hai, tU itanA hI lok kis prakAr kahatA hai?

tathA chArvAkamatame.n kahate hai.n ki — pR^ithvI, ap, tej, vAyu, AkAsh milanese chetanA

ho AtI hai. so marane par pR^ithvI Adi yahA.N rahe, chetanAvAn padArtha gayA to vya.ntarAdi huA;
jo pratyakSha bhinna-bhinna dekhe jAte hai.n. tathA ek sharIrame.n pR^ithvI Adi to bhinna-bhinna bhAsit
hote hai.n, chetanA ek bhAsit hotI hai. yadi pR^ithvI Adike AdhArase chetanA ho to hA.D.h.h,
rakta, uchChvAsAdikake alag-alag chetanA hogI. tathA hAth Adiko kATane par jis prakAr
usake sAth varNAdik rahate hai.n, usI prakAr chetanA bhI rahegI. tathA aha.nkAr, buddhi to chetanAke
hai.n, so pR^ithvI AdirUp sharIr to yahA.N hI rahA, tab vya.ntarAdi paryAyame.n pUrvaparyAyakA aha.npanA

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dekhA jAtA hai so kis prakAr hotA hai? tathA pUrvaparyAyake gupta samAchAr pragaT karate hai.n,
so yah jAnanA kisake sAth gayA? jisake sAth jAnanA gayA vahI AtmA hai.

tathA chArvAkamatame.n khAnA, pInA, bhog-vilAs karanA ityAdi svachChanda vR^ittikA upadesh

hai; parantu aise to jagat svayamev hI pravartatA hai. vahA.N shAstrAdi banAkar kyA bhalA honekA
upadesh diyA? tU kahegA — tapashcharaN, shIl, sa.nyamAdi Chu.DAneke artha upadesh diyA; to in

kAryo.nme.n to kaShAy ghaTanese AkulatA ghaTatI hai, isaliye yahI.n sukhI honA hotA hai, tathA yash
Adi hotA hai; tU inako Chu.DAkar kyA bhalA karatA hai? viShayAsakta jIvo.nko suhAtI bAte.n
kahakar apanA va auro.nkA burA karanekA bhay nahI.n hai; svachChanda hokar viShayasevanake artha aisI
yukti banAtA hai.

is prakAr chArvAkamatakA nirUpaN kiyA.

anyamat nirAkaraN upasa.nhAr

isI prakAr anya anek mat hai.n ve jhUThI kalpit yukti banAkar viShay-kaShAyAsakta

pApI jIvo.n dvArA pragaT kiye gaye hai.n; unake shraddhAnAdik dvArA jIvo.nkA burA hotA hai. tathA
ek jinamat hai so hI satyArthakA prarUpak hai, sarvaj~na – vItarAgadev dvArA bhAShit hai; usake

shraddhAnAdikase hI jIvo.nkA bhalA hotA hai.

aise jinamatame.n jIvAdi tattvo.nkA nirUpaN kiyA hai; pratyakSha-parokSha do pramAN kahe hai.n;

sarvaj~navItarAg arha.ntadev hai.n; bAhya-abhya.ntar parigraharahit nirgrantha guru hai.n. inakA varNan is gra.nthame.n
Age visheSh likhe.nge so jAnanA.

yahA.N koI kahe — tumhAre rAg-dveSh hai, isaliye tum anyamatakA niShedh karake apane

matako sthApit karate ho?

usase kahate hai.n — yathArtha vastukA prarUpaN karaneme.n rAg-dveSh nahI.n hai. kuCh apanA

prayojan vichArakar anyathA prarUpaN kare.n to rAg-dveSh nAm pAye.

phi ra vah kahatA hai — yadi rAg-dveSh nahI.n hai to anyamat bure aur jainamat bhalA aisA

kis prakAr kahate ho? sAmyabhAv ho to sabako samAn jAno, matapakSha kisaliye karate ho?

usase kahate hai.n — bureko burA kahate hai.n, bhaleko bhalA kahate hai.n; isame.n rAg-dveSh kyA

kiyA? tathA bure-bhale ko samAn jAnanA to aj~nAnabhAv hai; sAmyabhAv nahI.n hai.

phi ra vah kahatA hai ki — sarva mato.nkA prayojan to ek hI hai, isaliye sabako samAn

jAnanA?

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 137

usase kahate hai.n — yadi prayojan ek ho to nAnA mat kisaliye kahe.n? ekamatame.n to

ek prayojanasahit anek prakAr vyAkhyAn hotA hai, use alag mat kaun kahatA hai? parantu
prayojan hI bhinna-bhinna hai.n so batalAte hai.nH —

anyamato.nse jainamatakI tulanA

jainamatame.n ek vItarAgabhAvake poShaNakA prayojan hai; so kathAo.nme.n, lokAdikake nirUpaName.n,

AcharaName.n, va tattvo.nme.n jahA.N-tahA.N vItarAgatAkI hI puShTi kI hai. tathA anyamato.n me.n sarAgabhAvake
poShaNako prayojan hai; kyo.nki kalpit rachanA kaShAyI jIv hI karate hai.n aur anek yuktiyA.N
banAkar kaShAyabhAvakA hI poShaN karate hai.n. jaise — advait brahmavAdI sarvako brahma mAnane dvArA,

sA.nkhyamatI sarvakArya prakR^itikA mAnakar apaneko shuddha akartA mAnane dvArA, aur shivamatI tattva
jAnanese hI siddhi honA mAnane dvArA, mImA.nsak kaShAyajanit AcharaNako dharma mAnane dvArA, bauddha
kShaNik mAnane dvArA, chArvAk paralokAdi na mAnane dvArA — viShayabhogAdirUp kaShAyakAryo.nme.n svachChanda

honekA hI poShaN karate hai.n. yadyapi kisI sthAn par koI kaShAy ghaTAnekA bhI nirUpaN karate
hai.n; to us Chalase anya kisI kaShAyakA poShaN karate hai.n. jis prakAr — gR^ihakArya Cho.Dkar

parameshvarakA bhajan karanA ThaharAyA aur parameshvarakA svarUp sarAgI ThaharAkar unake Ashrayase apane
viShay-kaShAyakA poShaN karate hai.n; tathA jainadharmame.n dev-guru-dharmAdikakA svarUp vItarAg hI nirUpaN
karake keval vItarAgatAkA hI poShaN karate hai.n — so yah pragaT hai.

ham kyA kahe.n? anyamatI bhartR^iharine bhI 1vairAgya-prakaraName.n aisA kahA haiH —

¹eko rAgiShu rAjate priyatamAdehArddhadhArI haro,

nIrAgeShu jino vimuktalalanAsa~N.hgo na yasmAtparaH.

durvArasmaravANapannagaviShavyAsaktamugdho janaH,
sheShaH kAmaviDa.nbito hi viShayAn moktu.n na moktu.n kShamaH ..1..

isame.n sarAgiyo.nme.n mahAdevako pradhAn kahA aur vItarAgiyo.nme.n jinadevako pradhAn kahA hai.

tathA sarAgabhAv aur vItarAgabhAvo.nme.n paraspar pratipakShIpanA hai. yah dono.n bhale nahI.n hai.n; parantu
iname.n ek hI hitakArI hai aur vah vItarAgabhAv hI hai; jisake honese tatkAl AkulatA

1. rAgI puruSho.nme.n to ek mahAdev shobhit hotA hai jisane apanI priyatamA pArvatIko Adhe sharIrame.n dhAraN kar

rakhA hai. aur vItarAgiyo.nme.n jinadev shobhit hai.n jinake samAn striyo.nkA sa.ng Cho.DnevAlA dUsarA koI nahI.n
hai. sheSh log to durnivAr kAmadevake vANarUp sarpo.nke viShase mUrChit hue hai.n jo kAmakI viDambanAse
na to viShayo.nko bhalIbhA.Nti bhog hI sakate hai.n aur na Cho.D.h.h hI sakate hai.n.

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138 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

miTanese stuti yogya hotA hai. jisase AgAmI bhalA honA keval ham hI nahI.n kahate, kintu
sabhI matavAle kahate hai.n. sarAgabhAv hone par tatkAl AkulatA hotI hai, ni.ndanIy hotA hai,
aur AgAmI burA honA bhAsit hotA hai. isaliye jisame.n vItarAgabhAvakA prayojan hai aisA
jainamat hI iShTa hai. jisame.n sarAgabhAvake prayojan pragaT kiye hai.n aise anyamat aniShTa hai.n inhe.n
samAn kaise mAne.n?

tathA vah kahate hai.n ki — yah to sach hai; parantu anyamatakI nindA karanese anyamatI

duHkhI ho.nge, virodh utpanna hogA; isaliye nindA kisaliye kare.n?

vahA.N kahate hai.n ki — ham kaShAyase nindA kare.n va auro.nko duHkh upajAye.n to ham pApI

hI hai.n; parantu anyamatake shraddhAnAdise jIvo.nke atattvashraddhAn dR^i.Dh.h.h ho, jisase sa.nsArame.n jIv duHkhI
ho.nge, isaliye karuNAbhAvase yathArtha nirUpaN kiyA hai. koI binA doSh duHkh pAtA ho, virodh
utpanna kare, to ham kyA kare.n? jaise — madirAkI nindA karanese kalAl duHkhI ho, kushIlakI

nindA karanese veshyAdik duHkh pAye.n, aur khoTA-kharA pahichAnanekI parIkShA batalAnese Thag duHkhI
ho to kyA kare.n? isI prakAr yadi pApiyo.nke bhayase dharmopadesh na de.n to jIvo.nkA bhalA kaise
hogA? aisA to koI upadesh hai nahI.n jisase sabhI chain pAye.n? tathA ve virodh utpanna karate
hai.n; so virodh to paraspar kare to hotA hai; parantu ham la.De.nge nahI.n, ve Ap hI upashA.nt
ho jAye.nge. hame.n to apane pariNAmo.nkA phal hogA.

tathA koI kahe — prayojanabhUt jIvAdik tattvo.nkA anyathA shraddhAn karanese

mithyAdarshanAdik hote hai.n, anya mato.nkA shraddhAn karanese kis prakAr mithyAdarshanAdik ho.nge?

samAdhAn — anyamato.nme.n viparIt yukti banAkar, jIvAdik tattvo.nkA svarUp yathArtha bhAsit

na ho yahI upAy kiyA hai; so kisaliye kiyA hai? jIvAdi tattvo.nkA yathArtha svarUp bhAsit
ho to vItarAgabhAv hone par hI maha.ntapanA bhAsit ho; parantu jo jIv vItarAgI nahI.n hai.n aur
apanI maha.ntatA chAhate hai.n, unho.nne sarAgabhAv hone par bhI maha.ntatA manAneke artha kalpit yukti
dvArA anyathA nirUpaN kiyA hai. ve advaitabrahmAdikake nirUpaN dvArA jIv-ajIvake aur
svachChandavR^ittike poShaN dvArA Asrav-sa.nvarAdikake aur sakaShAyIvat va achetanavat mokSha kahane
dvArA mokShake ayathArtha shraddhAnakA poShaN karate hai.n; isaliye anyamato.nkA anyathApanA pragaT kiyA
hai. inakA anyathApanA bhAsit ho to tattvashraddhAname.n ruchivAn ho, aur unakI yuktise bhram
utpanna na ho.

is prakAr anyamato.nkA nirUpaN kiyA.

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 139

anyamatake granthoddharaNo.nse jainadharmakI samIchInatA aur prAchInatA

ab anyamato.nke shAstro.nkI hI sAkShIse jinamatakI samIchInatA va prAchInatA pragaT karate

hai.nH —

‘‘ba.DA yogavAsiShTha’’ ChattIs hajAr shlok pramAN hai, usake pratham vairAgya – prakaraName.n

aha.nkAraniShedh adhyAyame.n vasiShTha aur rAmake sa.nvAdame.n aisA kahA hai : —

rAmovAch — nAha.n rAmo na me vA.nChA bhAveShu cha na me manaH.

shA.ntimAsthAtumichChAmi svAtmanyev jino yathA ..1..

isame.n rAmajIne jin-samAn honekI ichChA kI, isaliye rAmajIse jinadevakA uttamapanA

pragaT huA aur prAchInapanA pragaT huA.

tathA ‘‘dakShiNAmUrti-sahasranAm’’ me.n kahA haiH —

shivovAch – jainamArgarato jain jin krodho jitAmayaH.

yahA.N bhagavatkA nAm jainamArgame.n rat aur jain kahA, so isame.n jainamArgakI pradhAnatA

va prAchInatA pragaT huI.

tathA ‘‘vaishampAyanasahasranAm’’ me.n kahA hai : —

kAlanemirmahAvIraH shUraH shaurijineshvaraH.

yahA.N bhagavAnakA nAm jineshvar kahA, isaliye jineshvar bhagavAn hai.n.
tathA durvAsAR^iShikR^it ‘‘mahimnistotra’’ me.n aisA kahA haiH —

tattaddarshanamukhyashaktiriti cha tva.n brahmakarmeshvarI.
karttArhan puruSho harishcha savitA buddhaH shivastva.n guruH ..1..

yahA.N — ‘‘araha.nt tum ho’’ is prakAr bhagavantakI stuti kI, isaliye arahantake

bhagavAnapanA pragaT huA.

tathA ‘‘hanumannATak’’ me.n aisA kahA hai : —

ya.n shaivAH samupAsate shiv iti brahmeti vedAntinaH
bauddhA buddha iti pramANapaTavaH kartteti naiyAyikAH.

1. arthAt mai.n rAm nahI.n hU.N, merI kuCh ichChA nahI.n hai aur bhAvo.n va padArtho.nme.n merA man nahI.n hai. mai.n to jinadevake

samAn apanI AtmAme.n hI shAnti sthApanA karanA chAhatA hU.N.

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140 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

arhannityath jainashAsanarataH karmeti mImA.nsakAH.
so.aya.n vo vidadhAtu vA.nChitaphala.n trailokyanAthaH prabhu1..1..

yahA.N Chaho.n mato.nme.n ek Ishvar kahA vahA.N arahantadevake bhI IshvarapanA pragaT kiyA.
yahA.N koI kahe — jis prakAr yahA.N sarva mato.nme.n ek Ishvar kahA, usI prakAr tum

bhI mAno.

usase kahate hai.n — tumane yah kahA hai, hamane to nahI.n kahA; isalie tumhAre matame.n

arahantake IshvarapanA siddha huA. hamAre matame.n bhI isI prakAr kahe.n to ham bhI shivAdikako
Ishvar mAne.n. jaise — koI vyApArI sachche ratna dikhAye, koI jhUThe ratna dikhAye; vahA.N jhUThe

ratno.nvAlA to ratno.nkA samAn mUlya leneke artha samAn kahatA hai, sachche ratnavAlA kaise samAn
mAne? usI prakAr jainI sachche devAdikA nirUpaN karatA hai, anyamatI jhUThe nirUpit karatA
hai; vahA.N anyamatI apanI samAn mahimAke artha sarvako samAn kahatA hai, parantu jainI kaise
mAne?

tathA ‘‘rudrayAmalata.ntra’’ me.n bhavAnI sahasranAmame.n aisA kahA hai : —

kuNDAsanA jagaddhAtrI buddhamAtA jineshvarI.
jinamAtA jinendrA cha shAradA ha.nsavAhinI ..1..

yahA.N bhavAnIke nAm jineshvarI ityAdi kahe, isaliye jinakA uttamapanA pragaT kiyA.
tathA ‘‘gaNesh purAN’’ me.n aisA kahA hai — ‘‘jaina.n pashupata.n sA.nkhya.n’’.

tathA ‘‘vyAsakR^it sUtra’’ me.n aisA kahA hai : —

jainA ekasminnev vastuni ubhaya.n prarUpayanti syAdvAdinaH2.

ityAdi unake shAstro.nme.n jain nirUpaN hai, isaliye jainamatakA prAchInapanA bhAsit hotA hai.
tathA ‘‘bhAgavat’’ ke pa.nchamaska.ndhame.n

3R^iShabhAvatArakA varNan hai. vahA.N unhe.n karuNAmay

1. yah hanumannATakake ma.ngalAcharaNakA tIsarA shlok hai. isame.n batAyA hai ki jisako shaiv log shiv kahakar,

vedAntI brahma kahakar, bauddha buddhadev kahakar, naiyAyik karttA kahakar, jainI arhan kahakar aur mImA.nsak
karma kahakar upAsanA karate hai.n; vah trailokyanAth prabhu tumhAre manoratho.n ko saphal kare.n.

2. prarUpayanti syAdvAdinaH iti kharaDA pratau pAThaH.
3. bhAgavat ska.ndh 5, adhyAy 5, 29.

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pA.NchavA.N adhikAr ][ 141

tR^iShNAdi rahit, dhyAnamudrAdhArI, sarvAshram dvArA pUjit kahA hai; unake anusAr arhat rAjAne pravR^itti
kI aisA kahate hai.n. so jis prakAr rAm-kR^iShNAdi avatAro.nke anusAr anyamat hai.n, usI prakAr
R^iShabhAvatArake anusAr jainamat hai; is prakAr tumhAre mat hI dvArA jainamat pramAN huA.

yahA.N itanA vichAr aur karanA chAhiye — kR^iShNAdi avatAro.nke anusAr viShay-kaShAyo.nkI

pravR^itti hotI hai; R^iShabhAvatArake anusAr vItarAg sAmyabhAvakI pravR^itti hotI hai. yahA.N dono.n
pravR^ittiyo.nko samAn mAnanese dharma-adharmakA visheSh nahI.n rahegA aur visheSh mAnanese jo bhalI ho
vah a.ngIkAr karanA.

tathA ‘‘dashAvatAr charitra’’ me.n — ‘‘baddhavA padmAsana.n yo nayanayugamida.n nyasya nAsAgradeshe’’

ityAdi buddhAvatArakA svarUp araha.ntadev samAn likhA hai; so aisA svarUp pUjya hai to araha.ntadev
sahaj hI hue.

tathA ‘‘kAshIkha.nD’’ me.n devadAs rAjAko sambodhakar rAjya Chu.DAyA; vahA.N nArAyaN to

vinayakIrti yati huA, lakShmIko vinayashrI AryikA kI, garu.Dko shrAvak kiyA — aisA kathan

hai. so jahA.N sambodhan karanA huA vahA.N jainI bheSh banAyA; isalie jain hitakArI prAchIn
pratibhAsit hote hai.n.

tathA ‘‘prabhAs purAN’’me.n aisA kahA haiH —

bhavasya pashchime bhAge vAmanen tapaH kR^itam.
tenaiv tapasAkR^iShTaH shivaH pratyakShatA.n gataH ..1..
padmAsanamAsInaH shyAmamUrtirdigambaraH.
neminAthaH shivetyeva.n nAm chakreasya vAmanaH ..2..
kalikAle mahAghore sarva pApapraNAshakaH.
darshanAtsparshanAdev koTiyaj~naphalapradaH ..3..

yahA.N vAmanako padmAsan digambar neminAthakA darshan huA kahA hai; usIkA nAm shiv

kahA hai. tathA usake darshanAdikase koTiyaj~nakA phal kahA hai, so aisA neminAthakA svarUp
to jainI pratyakSha mAnate hai.n; so pramAN ThaharA.

tathA ‘‘prabhAs purAN’’ me.n kahA hai : —

raivatAdrau jino nemiryugAdirvimalAchale.
R^iShINAmAshramAdev muktimArgasya kAraNam..1..

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yahA.N neminAthako jinasa.nj~nA kahI, unake sthAnako R^iShikA Ashram muktikA kAraN kahA

aur yugAdike sthAnako bhI aisA hI kahA; isaliye uttam pUjya Thahare.

tathA ‘‘nagar purAN’’ me.n bhavAvatAr rahasyame.n aisA kahA haiH —

akArAdihakArantamUrddhAdhoreph sa.nyutam.
nAdavindukalAkrAnta.n chandramaNDalasannibham ..1..
etaddevi para.n tattva.n yo vijanAtitattvataH.
sa.nsArabandhana.n ChitvA sa gachChetparamA.n gatim ..2..

yahA.N ‘arha.n’ aise padako paramatattva kahA hai. usake jAnanese paramagatikI prApti kahI;

so ‘arha.n’ pad jainamat ukta hai.

tathA ‘‘nagar purAN’’ me.n kahA haiH —

dashabhirbhojitairviprai yatphala.n jAyate kR^ite.
munerarhatsubhaktasya tatphala.n jAyate kalau ..1..

yahA.N kR^itayugame.n das brAhmaNo.nko bhojan karanekA jitanA phal kahA, utanA phal kaliyugame.n

arha.ntabhakta muniko bhojan karAnekA kahA hai; isaliye jainamuni uttam Thahare.

tathA ‘‘manusmR^iti’’ me.n kahA haiH —

kulAdibIja.n sarveShA.n prathamo vimalavAhanaH.
chakShuShmAn yashasvI vAbhichandroath prasenajit ..1..
marudevI cha nAbhishcha bharate kul sattamAH.
aShTamo marudevyA.n tu nAbherjAt urakramaH ..2..
darshayan vartma vIrANA.n surasuranamaskR^itaH.
nItitritayakarttA yo yugAdau prathamo jinaH ..3..

yahA.N vimalavAhanAdik manu kahe, so jainame.n kulakaro.nke nAm kahe hai.n aur yahA.N prathamajin

yugake Adime.n mArgakA darshak tathA surAsar dvArA pUjit kahA; so isI prakAr hai to jainamat
yugake Adise hI hai, aur pramANabhUt kaise na kahe.n?

tathA R^igvedame.n aisA kahA haiH —

o.am trailokya pratiShThitAn chaturvishatitIrtha.nkarAn R^iShabhAdyAn varddhamAnAntAn siddhAn sharaNa.n

prapadye. o.am pavitra nagnamupavispR^isAmahe eShA.n nagna.n yeShA.n jAta.n yeShA.n vIra.n suvIra.n......ityAdi.

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