paryAy pariName athavA dUsare dravyakI paryAy dUsare dravyame.n pariName aisA nahI.n hai. jis dravyakI jo paryAy ho, us dravyake Ashray-se hI paryAy pariNamatI hai. aisA usakA sambandha usame.n-se TUTatA nahI.n. vah svataH hone par bhI, vah svata.ntra hone par bhI, usakA sambandha jo dravyake sAth hai, vah paryAyakA dravyake sAthakA sambandha ChUTatA nahI.n.

dravyadR^iShTike viShayame.n vah bhed AtA nahI.n. dravyadR^iShTikA viShay akhaNDa hai. isaliye usame.n vah bhed Ate nahI.n. to bhI vah paryAy koI apekShA-se,... dravyame.n guNakA bhed, paryAyakA bhed hai, aur us bhedake kAraN paryAyako dravyakA Ashray hotA hai. aur dravya koI paryAy rahit nahI.n hotA. (yadi sarvathA) kUTastha ho to use sAdhanA nahI.n ho, koI vedan nahI.n ho, sa.nsAr-mokShakI koI avasthA nahI.n. ataH svata.ntra kahanekA artha yah hai ki vah svataHsiddha akAraN pAriNAmik hai. isaliye usakA svarUp svata.ntra batAneke liye hai. parantu jahA.N dravyadR^iShTi pragaT huyI, usame.n vah nahI.n hotI. to bhI sAdhanAme.n vah dono.n sAthame.n hote hai.n. dravyadR^iShTi mukhya hotI hai aur jise dravyadR^iShTi pragaT huyI hai, use us sAdhanAke sAth paryAyakI shuddhi hotI hai.

vastukA svarUp hI aisA hai ki jisakI dravya par dR^iShTi ho, yathArthapane dR^iShTi ho use hI vah paryAy shuddharUp sAthame.n pariNamatI hai. aur jise yathArtha j~nAn sAthame.n ho vah a.nshI aur a.nshakA karavAtA hai. a.nshI svaya.n akhaNDa hai. usame.n ananta guN aur ananta paryAy hai. parantu vah ek a.nsh hai. us a.nshakA sAmarthya kahI.n a.nshI jitanA nahI.n hai. to bhI vah svataH hai. vah svataH pariNamatI hai aur svata.ntra hai. aisA kahanekA Ashay hai.

dravyake viShayame.n AtA nahI.n hai, isaliye use bhinna karake use aisA kahaneme.n AtA hai ki vah svata.ntra pariNamatI hai. dravyadR^iShTikA viShay nahI.n hai aur vah svataH hai isaliye. aur use svata.ntra kahaneme.n ek paryAy bhI hai aur dravyake sAth paryAy hotI hai. aisA bhI sAbit hotA hai. paryAyako svata.ntra kahaneme.n paryAy hai aur paryAy dravyakA ek bhAg hai, aisA usame.nse sAbit hotA hai. paryAyakI svata.ntratA batAneme.n paryAy nahI.n hai aisA sAbit nahI.n hotA. parantu paryAy hai aur paryAy dravyakA ek bhAg hai. parantu vah svata.ntra svataHsiddha hai. paryAy bhinna hai aisA usakA artha usame.n nahI.n hai. usame.nse paryAy sAbit hotI hai.

paryAyako svata.ntra batAneme.n koI aisA mAnatA ho ki paryAy hai hI nahI.n (to aisA nahI.n hai). paryAyako svata.ntra batAneme.n paryAy hai aur paryAy dravyakA ek bhAg hai aur vah svata.ntra pariNamatI hai. aur dravyadR^iShTikI mukhyatAme.n use gauN karaneme.n AtA hai. parantu paryAy, jis jAtikA dravya ho, us jAtikI paryAy dravyake Ashray-se pariNamatI hai. usame.n bilakUT TUkaDe nahI.n ho jAte, vah apekShA sAthame.n samajhanI hai. yathArtha samajhe to