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apekṣhā-se. dūsarā chāritrakī apekṣhā-se hai. is tarah shuddha upāsit hotā huā shuddha hī hai. vah darshanakī apekṣhā-se-dravyadr̥uṣhṭikī apekṣhā-se gnāyak hai. vah dravya anādi- se svabhāv-se bhī gnāyak hai. dravyadr̥uṣhṭi pragaṭ kī isaliye vah gnāyak hai. chāritrakī avasthāmen bhī vah gnāyak hai. gnānakī avasthāmen gneyākār huā to bhī vah gnāyak hai. vah gneyoṅko jānatā hai to bhī vah gnāyak gnāyakarūp-se palaṭatā nahī̃n.
svarūpamen nirvikalpa dashāmen jāy to bhī vah gnāyak hai aur gneyoṅko jāne to bhī vah gnāyak hai. un gneyoṅko jānanemen use ashuddhatā nahīn ātī hai. jaise vibhāv avasthāmen athavā pramatta-apramattamen ho to bhī gnāyakako koī ashuddhatā nahīn hai. vah bhed paḍā to paryāyakā bhed hotā hai, dravyamen nahīn hotā. aise vah svataḥsiddha gnāyak hai. bāhar jānane gayā isaliye usakā gnān vr̥uddhigat ho gayā yā gnānamen kuchh ashuddhatā ā gayī aisā nahīn hai. aur antaramen gayā, svarūp prakāshanakī svānubhūtikī dashāmen gayā to bhī vah gnāyak dravya apekṣhā-se gnāyak hī hai.
ek paryāyakī shuddhatā-līnatā ho, vah ek alag bāt hai. bākī gnāyak to gnāyak hai. gneyako jāne to bhī gnāyak hai. kartā-karma paryāy pragaṭ huyī, svarūp prakāshanakī, isaliye usamen paryāy nahīn sābit karanī hai, gnāyakako sābit karanā hai. usakī svarūp prakāshanakī nirvikalpa dashāmen gayā, to bhī gnāyak to gnāyak hai. bhale usakī sādhanākī paryāy, vedanakī paryāy svānubhūtirūp huyī to bhī vah gnāyak to gnāyak hī hai.
gnān bāhar gneyoṅko jānatā hai to vah to bhinna rahakar jānatā hai. usamen gneyakr̥ut ashuddhatā use nahīn ātī hai. to bhī vah gnāyak hī hai. shuddhi-ashuddhi to usakī paryāyamen chāritrakī apekṣhā-se hotī hai. jānanekī apekṣhā-se kahīn gnānamen shuddhatā-ashuddhatā ātī nahī̃n. vah bāhar bhinna rahakar gnāyak apanī taraph gnāyakakī dhārā rakhakar jānatā hai. usamen ashuddhatā ātī nahī̃n.
parantu anādi-se gneyako ekamek hokar jānatā thā. to bhī dravyamen kahīn ashuddhatā ā nahīn jātī. vah jāne to bhī gnāyak hai. pramatta-apramatta avasthāmen bhī gnāyak hai. vibhāv avasthāmen anādi-se hai to bhī gnāyak hai. dravya apekṣhā-se vah sarva apekṣhā- se gnāyak hai. darshan, gnān, chāritrakā bhed paḍe to bhī vah gnāyak hī hai.
kartā-karmamen paryāyakī bāt nahīn karanī hai. paryāy kahakar gnāyakako batānā hai. gnāyak svānubhūtimen gayā, svarūpakā nirvikalpa dashāmen vedan kare to bhī gnāyak to gnāyak hī hai. gnāyak jo anādikā vastu svarūp-se hai, vah gnāyak hai. usamen jo mūl vastu hai, dravya aur paryāy aise do prakār (jarūr hai), phir bhī mūl vastu jo hai, vah gnāyak to gnāyak hī hai. paryāy palaṭe vah ek alag bāt hai. gnāyak gnāyak hī hai. gnānamen