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dravya hI use kahate hai.n ki jise kisIkI sahAyatAkI jarUrat na paDe. usakA nAm dravya hai. vah dravya anAdiananta svataHsiddha akAraN pariNamatA hai. vah usakA svabhAv hai. svaya.n apanA svabhAv kisI bhI prakAr-se toDatA nahI.n hai. aise to pariNamatA hai, parantu vibhAvame.n bhI karmakA nimittamAtra hai. svaya.n pariNamatA hai. svabhAvame.n palaTatA hai vah svaya.n-se palaTatA hai, svabhAv taraph bhedaj~nAn karake. usame.n dev-guru-shAstra nimitta hote hai.n. parantu upAdAn svaya.nkA hai.

vah akAraN pAriNAmik dravya hai ki jise koI kAraN lAgU nahI.n paDatA. abhI tak jIv svabhAv taraph kyo.n palaTatA nahI.n? vah usakA svaya.nkA kAraN hai, kisIkA kAraN nahI.n hai. use koI dUsarekA kAraN lAgU nahI.n paDatA. svaya.n apane hI kAraN- se vibhAvame.n pariName, apane kAraN svabhAvame.n pariName. aisA akAraN pAriNAmik dravya hai. aisA usakA pariNaman svabhAv svataHsiddha hai. koI use pariNaman karavAtA nahI.n aur kisI anya-se usakA nAsh nahI.n hotA.