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chauthA adhikAr ][ 85
mithyAgnAnakA svarUp
ab, mithyAgnAnakA svarUp kahate hain — prayojanabhUt jIvAdi tattvonko ayathArtha jAnanekA
nAm mithyAgnAn hai. usake dvArA unako jAnanemen sanshay, viparyay, anadhyavasAy hotA hai.
vahAn ‘aise hai ki aise hai?’ — is prakAr paraspar viruddhatA sahit dorUp gnAn usakA nAm
sanshay hai. jaise — ‘main AtmA hUn ki sharIr hUn?’ — aisA jAnanA. tathA ‘aisA hI hai’ is
prakAr vastusvarUpase viruddhatA sahit ekarUp gnAn usakA nAm viparyay hai. jaise — ‘main sharIr
hUn’ — aisA jAnanA. tathA ‘kuchh hai’ aisA nirdhArarahit vichAr usakA nAm anadhyavasAy hai.
jaise — ‘main koI hUn’ — aisA jAnanA. is prakAr prayojanabhUt jIvAdi tattvommen sanshay, viparyay,
anadhyavasAyarUp jo jAnanA ho usakA nAm mithyAgnAn hai.
tathA aprayojanabhUt padArthonko yathArtha jAne yA ayathArtha jAne usakI apekShA mithyAgnAn –
samyaggnAn nAm nahIn hai. jis prakAr mithyAdRuShTi rassIko rassI jAne to samyaggnAn nAm nahIn
hotA aur samyagdRuShTi rassIko sAmp jAne to mithyAgnAn nAm nahIn hotA.
yahAn prashna hai ki — pratyakSha sachche-jhUThe gnAnako samyaggnAn – mithyAgnAn kaise na kahen?
samAdhAna — jahAn jAnanekA hI — sach-jhUThakA nirdhAr karanekA — prayojan ho vahAn to
koI padArtha hai usake sach-jhUTh jAnanekI apekShA hI samyaggnAn – mithyAgnAn nAm diyA jAtA hai.
jaise — pratyakSha-parokSha pramANake varNanamen koI padArtha hotA hai; usake sachche jAnanerUp samyaggnAnakA
grahaN kiyA hai aur sanshayAdirUp jAnaneko apramANarUp mithyAgnAn kahA hai. tathA yahAn sansAr –
mokShake kAraNabhUt sach-jhUTh jAnanekA nirdhAr karanA hai, vahAn rassI, sarpAdikakA yathArtha yA anyathA
gnAn sansAr – mokShakA kAraN nahIn hai, isaliye unakI apekShA yahAn samyaggnAn – mithyAgnAn nahIn kahe
hain. yahAn to prayojanabhUt jIvAdik tattvonke hI jAnanekI apekShA samyaggnAn – mithyAgnAn kahe hain.
isI abhiprAyase siddhAntamen mithyAdRuShTike to sarva jAnaneko mithyAgnAn hI kahA aur
samyagdRuShTike sarva jAnaneko samyaggnAn kahA.
yahAn prashna hai ki — mithyAdRuShTiko jIvAdi tattvonkA ayathArtha jAnanA hai, use mithyAgnAn
kaho; parantu rassI, sarpAdikake yathArtha jAnaneko to samyaggnAn kaho.
samAdhAn : — mithyAdRuShTi jAnatA hai, vahAn usako sattA-asattAkA visheSh nahIn hai; isaliye
kAraNaviparyay va svarUpaviparyay va bhedAbhedaviparyayako utpanna karatA hai. vahAn jise jAnatA
hai usake mUlakAraNako nahIn pahichAnatA, anyathA kAraN mAnatA hai; vah to kAraNaviparyay hai.
tathA jise jAnatA hai usake mUlavastutvarUp svarUpako nahIn pahichAnatA, anyathAsvarUp mAnatA