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rahasyapUrNa chiThThI ][ 345
aisA lakShaN kahA hai – ‘‘spaShTapratibhAsAtmakan pratyakShamaspaShTan parokShan.’’
jo gnAn apane viShayako nirmalatArUp spaShTatayA bhalIbhAnti jAne so pratyakSha aur jo
spaShTa bhalIbhAnti na jAne so parokSha. vahAn matignAn-shrutagnAnake viShay to bahut hain, parantu ek
bhI gneyako sampUrNa nahIn jAn sakatA, isaliye parokSha kahe aur avadhi – manaparyayagnAnake viShay
thoDe hain; tathApi apane viShayako spaShTa bhalIbhAnti jAnate hain, isaliye ekadesh pratyakSha hain aur
kevalagnAn sarva gneyako Ap spaShTa jAnatA hai isaliye sarvapratyakSha hai.
tathA pratyakShake do bhed hain – ek paramArtha pratyakSha, dUsarA sAmvyavahArik pratyakSha. vahAn
avadhi, manaparyay aur kevalagnAn to spaShTa pratibhAsarUp hain hI, isaliye pAramArthik pratyakSha
hain. tathA netrAdikase varNAdikako jAnate hain vahAn vyavahArase aisA kahate hain – ‘isane varNAdik
pratyakSha jAne’, ekadesh nirmalatA bhI pAI jAtI hai, isaliye inako sAmvyavahArik pratyakSha kahate
hain; parantu yadi ek vastumen anek mishra varNa hain ve netra dvArA bhalIbhAnti nahIn grahaN kiye
jAte hain, isaliye isako paramArtha-pratyakSha nahIn kahA jAtA hai.
tathA parokSha pramANake pAnch bhed hain – smRuti, pratyabhignAn, tarka, anumAn, aur Agama.
vahAn pUrva kAlamen jo vastu jAnI thI use yAd karake jAnanA, use smRuti kahate hain.
dRuShTAnt dvArA vastukA nishchay kiyA jAye use pratyabhignAn kahate hain. hetuke vichArayukta jo
gnAn use tarka kahate hain. hetuse sAdhya vastukA jo gnAn use anumAn kahate hain. Agamase
jo gnAn ho use Agam kahate hain.
aise pratyakSha-parokSha pramANake bhed kahe hain.
vahAn is svAnubhavadashAmen jo AtmAko jAnA jAtA hai so shrutagnAn dvArA jAnA jAtA
hai. shrutagnAn hai vah matignAnapUrvak hI hai, ve matignAn-shrutagnAn parokSha kahe hain, isaliye yahAn
AtmAkA jAnanA pratyakSha nahIn hai. tathA avadhi-manaparyayakA viShay rUpI padArtha hI hai aur
kevalagnAn chhadmasthake hai nahIn, isaliye anubhavamen avadhi-manaparyay-keval dvArA AtmAkA jAnanA
nahIn hai. tathA yahAn AtmAko spaShTa bhalIbhAnti nahIn jAnatA hai, isaliye pAramArthik pratyakShapanA
to sambhav nahIn hai.
tathA jaise netrAdikase varNAdik jAnate hain vaise ekadesh nirmalatA sahit bhI AtmAke
asankhyAt pradeshAdik nahIn jAnate hain, isaliye sAmvyavahArik pratyakShapanA bhI sambhav nahIn hai.
yahAn par to Agam-anumAnAdik parokSha gnAnase AtmAkA anubhav hotA hai. jainAgamamen