dharmAstikAy) gnAn nahIn hai, [yasmAt ] kyonki [dharma kinchit na jAnAti ] dharma kuchh jAnatA nahIn hai, [tasmAt ] isaliye [gnAnam anyat ] gnAn anya hai, [dharman anyan ] dharma anya hai — [jinA bruvanti ] aisA jinadev kahate hain. [adharma gnAnan na bhavati ] adharma (arthAt adharmAstikAy) gnAn nahIn hai, [yasmAt ] kyonki [adharma kinchit na jAnAti ] adharma kuchh jAnatA nahIn hai, [tasmAt ] isalie [gnAnam anyat ] gnAn anya hain, [adharman anyam ] adharma anya hai — [jinA bruvanti ] aisA jinadev kahate hain. [kAla gnAnan na bhavati ] kAl gnAn nahIn hai, [yasmAt ] kyonki [kAla kinchit na jAnAti ] kAl kuchh jAnatA nahIn hai, [tasmAt ] isaliye [gnAnam anyat ] gnAn anya hai, [kAlan anyan ] kAl anya hai — [jinA bruvanti ] aisA jinadev kahate hain. [AkAsham api gnAnan na ] AkAsh bhI gnAn nahIn hai, [yasmAt ] kyonki [AkAshan kinchit na jAnAti ] AkAsh kuchh jAnatA nahIn hai, [tasmAt ] isaliye [gnAnan anyat ] gnAn anya hai, [AkAsham anyat ] AkAsh anya hai — [jinA bruvanti ] aisA jinadev kahate hain. [adhyavasAnan gnAnam na ] adhyavasAn gnAn nahIn hai, [yasmAt ] kyonki [adhyavasAnam achetanan ] adhyavasAn achetan hai, [tasmAt ] isaliye [gnAnam anyat ] gnAn anya hai [tathA adhyavasAnan anyat ] tathA adhyavasAn anya hai ( – aisA jinadev kahate hain).
[yasmAt ] kyonki [nityan jAnAti ] (jIv) nirantar jAnatA hai, [tasmAt ] isaliye [gnAyaka jIva tu ] gnAyak aisA jIv [gnAnI ] gnAnI ( – gnAnavAlA, gnAnasvarUp) hai, [gnAnan cha ] aur gnAn [gnAyakAt avyatiriktan ] gnAyakase avyatirikta hai (‘abhinna’ hai, judA nahIn)