Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (English transliteration).

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 223

vahAn vah pUchhatA hai — aisA hai to gnAnIse agnAnIke bhaktikI adhikatA hotI hogI?

uttara — yathArthatAkI apekShA to gnAnIke sachchI bhakti hai, agnAnIke nahIn hai aur

rAgabhAvakI apekShA agnAnIke shraddhAnamen bhI use muktikA kAraN jAnanese ati anurAg hai, gnAnIke
shraddhAnamen shubhabandhakA kAraN jAnanese vaisA anurAg nahIn hai. bAhyamen kadAchit gnAnIko anurAg
bahut hotA hai, kabhI agnAnIko hotA hai — aisA jAnanA.

is prakAr devabhaktikA svarUp batalAyA.

gurubhaktikA anyathArUp

ab, gurubhakti usake kaisI hotI hai so kahate hain —

kitane hI jIv AgnAnusArI hain. ve to — yah jainake sAdhu hain, hamAre guru hain, isaliye

inakI bhakti karanI — aisA vichArakar unakI bhakti karate hain aur kitane hI jIv parIkShA

bhI karate hain. vahAn yah muni dayA pAlate hain, shIl pAlate hain, dhanAdi nahIn rakhate, upavAsAdi
tap karate hain, kShudhAdi parIShah sahate hain, kisIse krodhAdi nahIn karate hain, upadesh dekar auronko
dharmamen lagAte hain — ityAdi guNonkA vichAr kar unamen bhaktibhAv karate hain. parantu aise guN

to paramahansAdik anyamatiyommen tathA jainI mithyAdRuShTiyommen bhI pAye jAte hain, isaliye inamen
ativyAptipanA hai. inake dvArA sachchI parIkShA nahIn hotI.

tathA jin guNonkA vichAr karate hain unamen kitane hI jIvAshrit hain, kitane hI

pudgalAshrit hain; unake visheSh na jAnate hue asamAnajAtIy muniparyAyamen ekatvabuddhise mithyAdRuShTi
hI rahate hain. tathA samyagdarshan-gnAn-chAritrakI ekatArUp mokShamArga vah hI muniyonkA sachchA lakShaN
hai use nahIn pahichAnate. kyonki yah pahichAn ho jAye to mithyAdRuShTi rahate nahIn. isaprakAr
yadi muniyonkA sachchA svarUp hI nahIn jAnenge to sachchI bhakti kaise hogI? puNyabandhake kAraNabhUt
shubhakriyArUp guNonko pahichAnakar unakI sevAse apanA bhalA honA jAnakar unamen anurAgI
hokar bhakti karate hain.

isaprakAr gurubhaktikA svarUp kahA.

shAstrabhaktikA anyathArUp

ab, shAstrabhaktikA svarUp kahate hain —

kitane hI jIv to yah kevalI bhagavAnakI vANI hai, isaliye kevalIke pUjyapaneke

kAraN yah bhI pUjya hai — aisA jAnakar bhakti karate hain. tathA kitane hI isaprakAr parIkShA

karate hain ki in shAstrommen virAgatA, dayA, kShamA, shIl, santoShAdikakA nirUpaN hai; isaliye

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224 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

yah utkRuShTa hain — aisA jAnakar bhakti karate hain. so aisA kathan to anya shAstra vedAntAdikamen

bhI pAyA jAtA hai.

tathA in shAstrommen trilokAdikakA gambhIr nirUpaN hai, isaliye utkRuShTatA jAnakar bhakti

karate hain. parantu yahAn anumAnAdikakA to pravesh hain nahIn, isaliye satya-asatyakA nirNay karake
mahimA kaise jAnen? isaliye isaprakAr sachchI parIkShA nahIn hotI. yahAn to anekAntarUp sachche
jIvAditattvonkA nirUpaN hai aur sachchA ratnatrayarUp mokShamArga dikhalAyA hai. usIse jainashAstronkI
utkRuShTatA hai, use nahIn pahichAnate. kyonki yah pahichAn ho jAye to mithyAdRuShTi rahatI nahIn.

is prakAr shAstrabhaktikA svarUp kahA.

❉

isaprakAr isako dev-guru-shAstrakI pratIti huI, isaliye vyavahArasamyaktva huA mAnatA

hai. parantu unakA sachchA svarUp bhAsit nahIn huA hai; isaliye pratIti bhI sachchI nahIn huI
hai. sachchI pratItike binA samyaktvakI prApti nahIn hotI; isaliye mithyAdRuShTi hI hai.

saptatattvakA anyathArUp

tathA shAstramen ‘‘tattvArthashraddhAnan samyagdarshanan’’ (tattvArthasUtra 1 – 2) aisA vachan kahA hai,

isaliye shAstrommen jaise jIvAdi tattva likhe hain vaise Ap sIkh letA hai aur vahAn upayog
lagAtA hai, auronko upadesh detA hai; parantu un tattvonkA bhAv bhAsit nahIn hotA; aur yahAn
us vastuke bhAvakA hI nAm tattva kahA hai. so bhAv bhAsit hue binA tattvArthashraddhAn kaise
hogA? bhAv bhAsanA kyA hai? so kahate hain —

jaise koI puruSh chatur honeke artha shAstra dvArA, svar, grAm, mUrchhanA, rAgonkA svarUp

aur tAl – tAnake bhed to sIkhatA hai; parantu svarAdikA svarUp nahIn pahichAnatA. svarUpakI

pahichAn hue binA anya svarAdiko anya svarAdi mAnatA hai, athavA satya bhI mAnatA hai to
nirNay karake nahIn mAnatA hai; isaliye usake chaturapanA nahIn hotA. usI prakAr koI jIv
samyaktvI honeke artha shAstra dvArA jIvAdik tattvonkA svarUp sIkh letA hai; parantu unake
svarUpako nahIn pahichAnatA hai. svarUpako pahichAne binA anya tattvonko anya tattvarUp mAn
letA hai, athavA satya bhI mAnatA hai to nirNay karake nahIn mAnatA; isaliye usake samyaktva
nahIn hotA. tathA jaise koI shAstrAdi paDhA ho yA na paDhA ho; parantu svarAdike svarUpako
pahichAnatA hai to vah chatur hI hai. usI prakAr shAstra paDhA ho yA na paDhA ho; yadi
jIvAdikake svarUpako pahichAnatA hai to vah samyagdRuShTi hI hai. jaise hiran svar – rAgAdikakA

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 225

nAm nahIn jAnatA, parantu unake svarUpako pahichAnatA hai; usI prakAr tuchchhabuddhi jIvAdikakA
nAm nahIn jAnate, parantu unake svarUpako pahichAnate hain ki ‘yah main hUn; ye par hai, ye bhAv
bure hain, ye bhale hain’; — is prakAr svarUpako pahichAne usakA nAm bhAv bhAsanA hai. shivabhUti

muni jIvAdikakA nAm nahIn jAnate the, aur ‘tuShamAShabhinna’1 aisA raTane lage. so yah

siddhAntakA shabda thA nahIn; parantu sva-parake bhAvarUp dhyAn kiyA, isaliye kevalI hue. aur
gyArah angake pAThI jIvAditattvonke visheSh bhed jAnate hain; parantu bhAv bhAsit nahIn hotA,
isaliye mithyAdRuShTi hI rahate hain.

ab, isake tattvashraddhAn kis prakAr hotA hai so kahate hain —

jIv-ajIvatattvakA anyathArUp

jinashAstronse jIvake tras-sthAvarAdirUp tathA guNasthAn-mArgaNAdirUp bhedako jAnatA hai,

ajIvake pudgalAdi bhedonko tathA unake varNAdi visheShonko jAnatA hai, parantu adhyAtmashAstrommen
bhedavignAnako kAraNabhUt va vItarAgadashA honeko kAraNabhUt jaisA nirUpaN kiyA hai vaisA nahIn
jAnatA.

tathA kisI prasangavash usI prakAr jAnanA ho jAye tab shAstrAnusAr jAn to letA

hai; parantu apaneko AparUp jAnakar parakA ansh bhI apanemen na milAnA aur apanA ansh
bhI paramen na milAnA aisA sachchA shraddhAn nahIn karatA hai. jaise anya mithyAdRuShTi nirdhAr binA
paryAyabuddhise jAnapanemen va varNAdimen ahambuddhi dhAraN karate hain; usI prakAr yah bhI AtmAshrit
gnAnAdimen tathA sharIrAshrit upadesh – upavAsAdi kriyAommen apanatva mAnatA hai.

tathA kabhI shAstrAnusAr sachchI bAt banAtA hai; parantu antarang nirdhArarUp shraddhAn nahIn

hai. isaliye jis prakAr matavAlA mAtAko mAtA bhI kahe to vah sayAnA nahIn hai; usI
prakAr ise samyaktvI nahIn kahate.

tathA jaise kisI aurakI hI bAten kar rahA ho, us prakArase AtmAkA kathan karatA

hai; parantu yah AtmA ‘main hUn’ — aisA bhAv bhAsit nahIn hotA.

tathA jaise kisI aurako aurase bhinna batalAtA ho, us prakAr AtmA aur sharIrakI

bhinnatA prarUpit karatA hai; parantu main in sharIrAdikase bhinna hUn — aisA bhAv bhAsit nahIn hotA.

tathA paryAyamen jIv-pudgalake paraspar nimittase anek kriyAen hotI hain, unhen donon dravyonke

1. tusamAsan ghosanto bhAvavisuddho mahANubhAvo ya.

NAmeN ya sivabhUI kevalaNANI phu Dan jAo.. (bhAvapAhuD — 53)

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226 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

milApase utpanna huI jAnatA hai; yah jIvakI kriyA hai usakA pudgal nimitta hai, yah pudgalakI
kriyA hai usakA jIv nimitta hai — aisA bhinna-bhinna bhAv bhAsit nahIn hotA. ityAdi bhAv

bhAsit hue binA use jIv-ajIvakA sachchA shraddhAnI nahIn kahate; kyonki jIv-ajIvako
jAnanekA to yah hI prayojan thA, vah huA nahIn.

AsravatattvakA anyathArUp

tathA Asravatattvamen jo hinsAdirUp pApAsrav hain unhen hey jAnatA hai; ahinsAdirUp

puNyAsrav hain unhen upAdey mAnatA hai. parantu yah to donon hI karmabandhake kAraN hain inamen
upAdeyapanA mAnanA vahI mithyAdRuShTi hai. vahI samayasArake bandhAdhikAramen kahA hai1: —

sarva jIvonke jIvan-maraN, sukh-dukh apane karmake nimittase hote hain. jahAn anya jIv

anya jIvake in kAryonkA kartA ho, vahI mithyAdhyavasAy bandhakA kAraN hai. vahAn anya
jIvonko jilAnekA athavA sukhI karanekA adhyavasAy ho vah to puNyabandhakA kAraN hai aur
mAranekA athavA dukhI karanekA adhyavasAy ho vah pApabandhakA kAraN hai.

is prakAr ahinsAvat satyAdik to puNyabandhake kAraN hain aur hinsAvat asatyAdik

pApabandhake kAraN hain. ye sarva mithyAdhyavasAy hain, ve tyAjya hain. isaliye hinsAdivat
ahinsAdikako bhI bandhakA kAraN jAnakar hey hI mAnanA.

hinsAmen mAranekI buddhi ho, parantu usakI Ayu pUrNa hue binA maratA nahIn hai, yah

apanI dveShapariNatise Ap hI pAp bAndhatA hai. ahinsAmen rakShA karanekI buddhi ho, parantu usakI
Ayu avasheSh hue binA vah jItA nahIn hai, yah apanI prashasta rAgapariNatise Ap hI puNya
bAndhatA hai. is prakAr yah donon hey hain; jahAn vItarAg hokar dRuShTAgnAtArUp pravarte vahAn nirbandha
hai so upAdey hain.

so aisI dashA na ho tab tak prashastarAgarUp pravartan karo; parantu shraddhAn to aisA

rakho ki yah bhI bandhakA kAraN hai, hey hai; shraddhAnamen ise mokShamArga jAne to mithyAdRuShTi hI
hotA hai.

tathA mithyAtva, avirati, kaShAy, yog – ye Asravake bhed hain; unhen bAhyarUp to mAnatA

1. samayasAr gAthA 254 se 256 tathA samayasArake nimnalikhit kalash —

sarvan sadaiv niyatan bhavati svakIyakarmodayAnmaraNajIvitadukhasaukhyam.
agnAnametadih yattu para parasya kuryAtpumAnamaraNajIvitadukhasaukhyam..168..
agnAnametadadhigamya parAtparasya pashyanti ye maraNajIvitadukhasaukhyam.
karmmANyahankRutirasen chikIrShavaste mithyAdRusho niyatamAtmahano bhavanti..169..

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 227

hai, parantu antarang in bhAvonkI jAtiko nahIn pahichAnatA.

vahAn anya devAdike sevanarUp gRuhItamithyAtvako mithyAtva jAnatA hai, parantu anAdi

agRuhItamithyAtva hai use nahIn pahichAnatA.

tathA bAhya tras-sthAvarakI hinsA tathA indriy-manake viShayommen pravRutti usako avirati

jAnatA hai; hinsAmen pramAd-pariNati mUl hai aur viShayasevanamen abhilAShA mUl hai, usakA avalokan
nahIn karatA.

tathA bAhya krodhAdi karanA usako kaShAy jAnatA hai, abhiprAyamen rAg-dveSh bas rahe

hain, unako nahIn pahichAnatA.

tathA bAhya cheShTA ho use yog jAnatA hai, shaktibhUt yogonko nahIn jAnatA.
is prakAr AsravonkA svarUp anyathA jAnatA hai.
tathA rAg-dveSh-moharUp jo AsravabhAv hain, unakA to nAsh karanekI chintA nahIn aur

bAhyakriyA athavA bAhyanimitta miTAnekA upAy rakhatA hai; so unake miTAnese Asrav nahIn
miTatA. dravyalingI muni anya devAdikakI sevA nahIn karatA, hinsA yA viShayommen nahIn pravartatA,
krodhAdi nahIn karatA, man-vachan-kAyako rokatA hai; tathApi usake mithyAtvAdi chAron Asrav pAye
jAte hain. tathA kapaTase bhI ve kArya nahIn karatA hai, kapaTase kare to graiveyakaparyanta kaise pahunche?
isaliye jo antarang abhiprAyamen mithyAtvAdirUp rAgAdibhAv hain ve hI Asrav hain.

unhen nahIn pahichAnatA, isaliye isake AsravatattvakA bhI satya shraddhAn nahIn hai.

bandhatattvakA anyathArUp

tathA bandhatattvamen jo ashubhabhAvonse narakAdirUp pApakA bandha ho use to burA jAnatA

hai aur shubhabhAvonse dovAdirUp puNyakA bandha ho use bhalA jAnatA hai. parantu sabhI jIvonke
dukh-sAmagrImen dveSh aur sukh-sAmagrImen rAg pAyA jAtA hai, so isake bhI rAg-dveSh karanekA
shraddhAn huA. jaisA is paryAy sambandhI sukh-dukh sAmagrImen rAg-dveSh karanA hai vaisA hI AgAmI
paryAy sambandhI sukh-dukh sAmagrImen rAg-dveSh karanA hai.

tathA shubh-ashubh bhAvonse puNya-pApakA visheSh to aghAtikarmommen hotA hai, parantu

aghAtikarma AtmaguNake ghAtak nahIn hain. tathA shubh-ashubhabhAvommen ghAtikarmonkA to nirantar bandha
hotA hai, ve sarva pAparUp hI hain aur vahI AtmaguNake ghAtak hain. isaliye ashuddha bhAvonse
karmabandha hotA hai, usamen bhalA-burA jAnanA vahI mithyA shraddhAn hai.

so aise shraddhAnase bandhakA bhI use satya shraddhAn nahIn hai.

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samvaratattvakA anyathAsvarUp

tathA samvaratattvamen ahinsAdirUp shubhAsravabhAvonko jAnatA hai. parantu ek hI kAraNase

puNyabandha bhI mAne aur samvar bhI mAne vah nahIn ho sakatA.

prashna — muniyonke ek kAlamen ek bhAv hotA hai, vahAn unake bandha bhI hotA hai

aur samvar-nirjarA bhI hote hain, so kis prakAr hai?

samAdhAna — vah mishrarUp hai. kuchh vItarAg huA hai, kuchh sarAg rahA hai. jo ansh

vItarAg hue unase samvar hai aur jo ansh sarAg rahe unase bandha hai. so ek bhAvase to
do kArya banate hain, parantu ek prashasta rAgase hI puNyAsrav bhI mAnanA aur samvar-nirjarA bhI
mAnanA so bhram hai. mishrabhAvamen bhI yah sarAgatA hai, yah vItarAgatA hai — aisI pahichAn

samyagdRuShTike hotI hai, isaliye avasheSh sarAgatAko heyarUp shraddhA karatA hai. mithyAdRuShTike aisI
pahichAn nahIn hai, isaliye sarAgabhAvamen samvarake bhramase prashastarAgarUp kAryonko upAdeyarUp shraddhA
karatA hai.

tathA siddhAntamen gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekShA, parIShahajay, chAritra — inake dvArA samvar

hotA hai aisA kahA hai,1 so inakI bhI yathArtha shraddhA nahIn karatA.

kis prakAr? so kahate hain : —

gupti — bAhya man-vachan-kAyakI cheShTA miTAye, pAp-chintavan na kare, maun dhAraN kare,

gamanAdi na kare; use vah gupti mAnatA hai. so yahAn to manamen bhakti AdirUp prashasta rAgase
nAnA vikalpa hote hain, vachan-kAyakI cheShTA svayamne rok rakhI hai; vahAn shubhapravRutti hai aur pravRuttimen
guptipanA banatA nahIn hai; isaliye vItarAgabhAv hone par jahAn man-vachan-kAyakI cheShTA na ho
vahI sachchI gupti hai.

samiti — tathA parajIvonkI rakShAke artha yatnAchAr pravRutti usako samiti mAnatA hai.

so hinsAke pariNAmonse to pAp hotA hai aur rakShAke pariNAmonse samvar kahoge to puNyabandhakA
kAraN kaun ThaharegA? tathA eShaNA samitimen doSh TAlatA hai vahAn rakShAkA prayojan hai nahIn;
isaliye rakShAke hI artha samiti nahIn hai.

to samiti kaisI hotI hai? muniyonke kinchit rAg hone par gamanAdi kriyA hotI hai,

vahAn un kriyAommen ati AsaktatAke abhAvase pramAdarUp pravRutti nahIn hotI. tathA anya
jIvonko dukhI karake apanA gamanAdi prayojan nahIn sAdhate, isaliye svayamev hI dayA palatI
hai. isaprakAr sachchI samiti hai.

1. sa guptisamitidharmAnuprekShApariShahajayachAritrai. (tattvArthasUtra 9-2)

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 229

dharma — tathA bandhAdikake bhayase athavA svarga-mokShakI ichchhAse krodhAdi nahIn karate, parantu

vahAn krodhAdi karanekA abhiprAy to miTA nahIn hai. jaise — koI rAjAdikake bhayase athavA

mahantapaneke lobhase parastrIkA sevan nahIn karatA, to use tyAgI nahIn kahate. vaise hI yah
krodhAdikakA tyAgI nahIn hai. to kaise tyAgI hotA hai? padArtha aniShTa-iShTa bhAsit honese
krodhAdik hote hain; jab tattvagnAnake abhyAsase koI iShTa-aniShTa bhAsit na ho, tab svayamev
hI krodhAdik utpanna nahIn hote; tab sachchA dharma hotA hai.

anuprekShA — tathA anityAdi chintavanase sharIrAdikako burA jAn, hitakArI na jAnakar

unase udAs honA; usakA nAm anuprekShA kahatA hai. so yah to jaise koI mitra thA tab
usase rAg thA aur pashchAt usake avaguN dekhakar udAsIn huA; usI prakAr sharIrAdikase
rAg thA, pashchAt anityAdi avaguN avalokakar udAsIn huA; parantu aisI udAsInatA to
dveSharUp hai. apanA aur sharIrAdikakA jahAn – jaisA svabhAv hai vaisA pahichAnakar, bhramako

miTAkar, bhalA jAnakar rAg nahIn karanA aur burA jAnakar dveSh nahIn karanA; aisI sachchI
udAsInatAke artha yathArtha anityatvAdikakA chintavan karanA hI sachchI anuprekShA hai.

parIShahajaya — tathA kShudhAdik hone par unake nAshakA upAy nahIn karanA; use parIShah

sahanA kahatA hai. so upAy to nahIn kiyA aur antarangamen kShudhAdi aniShTa sAmagrI milanepar
dukhI huA, rati AdikA kAraN milane par sukhI huA; to ve dukh-sukharUp pariNAm hain,
vahI ArtadhyAn-raudradhyAn hain. aise bhAvonse samvar kaise ho? isaliye dukhakA kAraN milane
par dukhI na ho aur sukhakA kAraN milane par sukhI na ho, gneyarUpase unakA jAnanevAlA
hI rahe; vahI sachchA parIShahajay hai.

chAritra — tathA hinsAdi sAvadyayogake tyAgako chAritra mAnatA hai, vahAn mahAvratAdirUp

shubhayogako upAdeyapanese grAhya mAnatA hai. parantu tattvArthasUtramen Asrav padArthakA nirUpaN karate
hue mahAvrat-aNuvratako bhI AsravarUp kahA hai. ve upAdey kaise hon? tathA Asrav to bandhakA
sAdhak hai aur chAritra mokShakA sAdhak hai; isaliye mahAvratAdirUp AsravabhAvonko chAritrapanA
sambhav nahIn hotA; sakal kaShAyarahit jo udAsInabhAv usIkA nAm chAritra hai.

jo chAritramohake deshaghAtI sparddhakonke udayase mahAmanda prashastarAg hotA hai, vah chAritrakA

mal hai. use chhUTatA na jAnakar usakA tyAg nahIn karate, sAvadyayogakA hI tyAg karate hain.
parantu jaise koI puruSh kandamUlAdi bahut doShavAlI haritakAyakA tyAg karatA hai aur kitanI
hI haritakAyonkA bhakShaN karatA hai; parantu use dharma nahIn mAnatA; usI prakAr muni hinsAdi
tIvrakaShAyarUp bhAvonkA tyAg karate hain aur kitane hI mandakaShAyarUp mahAvratAdikA pAlan karate
hain; parantu use mokShamArga nahIn mAnate.

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prashna — yadi aisA hai to chAritrake terah bhedommen mahAvratAdi kaise kahe hain?

samAdhAna — vah vyavahArachAritra kahA hai aur vyavahAr nAm upachArakA hai. so

mahAvratAdi hone par hI vItarAgachAritra hotA hai — aisA sambandha jAnakar mahAvratAdimen chAritrakA

upachAr kiyA hai; nishchayase nikaShAyabhAv hai, vahI sachchA chAritra hai.

is prakAr samvarake kAraNonko anyathA jAnate hue samvarakA sachchA shraddhAnI nahIn hotA.

nirjarAtattvakA anyathArUp

tathA yah anashanAdi tapase nirjarA mAnatA hai, parantu keval bAhya tap hI karanese to

nirjarA hotI nahIn hai. bAhya tap to shuddhopayog baDhAneke artha karate hain. shuddhopayog nirjarAkA
kAraN hai, isaliye upachArase tapako bhI nirjarAkA kAraN kahA hai. yadi bAhya dukh sahanA
hI nirjarAkA kAraN ho to tiryanchAdi bhI bhUkh-tRuShAdi sahate hain.

tab vah kahatA hai — ve to parAdhInatAse sahate hain; svAdhInatAse dharmabuddhipUrvak

upavAsAdirUp tap kare usake nirjarA hotI hai.

samAdhAna — dharmabuddhise bAhya upavAsAdi to kiye; aur vahAn upayog ashubh, shubh,

shuddharUp jaisA pariNamit ho vaisA pariNamo. yadi bahut upavAsAdi karanese bahut nirjarA ho, thoDe
karanese thoDI nirjarA ho — aisA niyam Thahare; tab to upavAsAdik hI mukhya nirjarAkA kAraN

ThaharegA; so to banatA nahIn. pariNAm duShTa hone par upavAsAdikase nirjarA kaise sambhav hai?

yadi aisA kahen ki jaisA ashubh, shubh, shuddharUp upayog pariNamit ho usake anusAr

bandha-nirjarA hai; to upavAsAdi tap mukhya nirjarAkA kAraN kaise rahA? ashubh – shubhapariNAm

bandhake kAraN Thahare, shuddhapariNAm nirjarAke kAraN Thahare.

prashna — tattvArthasUtramen ‘‘tapasA nirjarA cha’’ (9-3) aisA kaise kahA hai?

samAdhAna — shAstramen ‘‘ichchhAnirodhastapa’’1 aisA kahA hai; ichchhAko rokanA isakA nAm

tap hai. so shubh-ashubh ichchhA miTane par upayog shuddha ho vahAn nirjarA hai. isaliye tapase
nirjarA kahI hai.

yahAn kahatA hai — AhArAdirUp ashubhakI to ichchhA dUr hone par hI tap hotA hai;

parantu upavAsAdik va prAyashchittAdik shubhakArya hain inakI ichchhA to rahatI hai?

1. dhavalA pustak 13, khaNDa 5, bhAg 4, sUtra 26, pRuShTha 54

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 231

samAdhAna — gnAnIjanonko upavAsAdikakI ichchhA nahIn hai, ek shuddhopayogakI ichchhA hai;

upavAsAdi karanese shuddhopayog baDhatA hai, isaliye upavAsAdi karate hain. tathA yadi upavAsAdikase
sharIr yA pariNAmonkI shithilatAke kAraN shuddhopayogako shithil hotA jAnen to vahAn AhArAdik
grahaN karate hain. yadi upavAsAdikase hI siddhi ho to ajitanAth Adi teIs tIrthankar dIkShA
lekar do upavAs hI kyon dhAraN karate? unakI to shakti bhI bahut thI. parantu jaise pariNAm
hue vaise bAhyasAdhan dvArA ek vItarAg shuddhopayogakA abhyAs kiyA.

prashna — yadi aisA hai to anashanAdikako tap sangnA kaise huI?

samAdhAna — unhen bAhya tap kahA hai. so bAhyakA artha yah hai ki ‘bAharase auronko

dikhAI de ki yah tapasvI hai’; parantu Ap to phal jaise antarang pariNAm hogen vaisA hI
pAyegA, kyonki pariNAmashUnya sharIrakI kriyA phaladAtA nahIn hai.

yahAn phi ra prashna hai ki shAstramen to akAm-nirjarA kahI hai. vahAn binA ichchhAke bhUkh-

pyAs Adi sahanese nirjarA hotI hai; to phi ra upavAsAdi dvArA kaShTa sahanese kaise nirjarA na
ho?

samAdhAna — akAm-nirjarAmen bhI bAhya nimitta to binA ichchhAke bhUkh-pyAsakA sahan

karanA huA hai aur vahAn mandakaShAyarUp bhAv ho; to pApakI nirjarA hotI hai, devAdi puNyakA
bandha hotA hai. parantu yadi tIvrakaShAy hone par bhI kaShTa sahanese puNyabandha hotA ho to sarva
tiryanchAdik dev hI hon, so banatA nahIn hai. usI prakAr ichchhApUrvak upavAsAdi karanese vahAn
bhUkh-pyAsAdi kaShTa sahate hain, so yah bAhya nimitta hai; parantu vahAn jaisA pariNAm ho vaisA phal
pAtA hai. jaise annako prAN kahA usI prakAra. tathA isaprakAr bAhyasAdhan honese antarang tap
kI vRuddhi hotI hai, isaliye upachArase inako tap kahA hai; parantu yadi bAhya tap to kare aur
antarang tap na ho to upachArase bhI use tapasangnA nahIn hai. kahA bhI hai —

kaShAyaviShayAhAro tyAgo yatra vidhIyate.

upavAsa sa vigneya sheShan langhanakan vidu..

jahAn kaShAy-viShay aur AhArakA tyAg kiyA jAtA hai use upavAs jAnanA, sheShako

shrIguru langhan kahate hain.

yahAn kahegA — yadi aisA hai to ham upavAsAdi nahIn karenge?

usase kahate hain — upadesh to UnchA chaDhaneko diyA jAtA hai; tU ulTA nIche giregA

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232 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

to ham kyA karenge? yadi tU mAnAdikase upavAsAdi karatA hai to kar yA mat kar; kuchh
siddhi nahIn hai aur yadi dharmabuddhise AhArAdikakA anurAg chhoDatA hai to jitanA rAg chhUTA
utanA hI chhUTA; parantu isIko tap jAnakar isase nirjarA mAnakar santuShTa mat ho.

tathA antarang tapommen prAyashchitta, vinay, vaiyAvRutya, svAdhyAy, tyAg aur dhyAnarUp jo

kriyAen — unamen bAhya pravartan use to bAhyatapavat hI jAnanA. jaise anashanAdi bAhya kriyA

hain usI prakAr yah bhI bAhya kriyA hain; isaliye prAyashchittAdi bAhyasAdhan antarang tap nahIn
hain. aisA bAhya pravartan hone par jo antarang pariNAmonkI shuddhatA ho usakA nAm antarang
tap jAnanA.

vahAn bhI itanA visheSh hai ki bahut shuddhatA hone par shuddhopayogarUp pariNati hotI

hai vahAn to nirjarA hI hai; bandha nahIn hotA aur alpa shuddhatA hone par shubhopayogakA bhI
ansh rahatA hai; isaliye jitanI shuddhatA huI usase to nirjarA hai aur jitanA shubhabhAv hai
usase bandha hai. aisA mishrabhAv yugapat hotA hai; vahAn bandha aur nirjarA donon hote hain.

yahAn koI kahe ki shubhabhAvonse pApakI nirjarA hotI hai, puNyakA bandha hotA hai; parantu

shuddhabhAvonse dononkI nirjarA hotI hai — aisA kyon nahIn kahate?

uttar : — mokShamArgamen sthitikA to ghaTanA sabhI prakRitiyonkA hotA hai; vahAn puNya-pApakA

visheSh hai hI nahIn aur anubhAgakA ghaTanA puNya – prakRitiyommen shuddhopayog se bhI nahIn hotA.

Upar-Upar puNyaprakRitiyonke anubhAgakA tIvra bandha-uday hotA hai aur pApaprakRitiyonke paramANu
palaTakar shubhaprakRitirUp hote hain — aisA sankramaN shubh tathA shuddha donon bhAv hone par hotA

hai; isaliye pUrvokta niyam sambhav nahIn hai, vishuddhatAhIke anusAr niyam sambhav hai.

dekho, chaturtha guNasthAnavAlA shAstrAbhyAs, Atmachintavan Adi kArya kare — vahAn bhI

nirjarA nahIn, bandha bhI bahut hotA hai. aur pancham guNasthAnavAlA upavAsAdi yA prAyashchittAdi
tap kare us kAlamen bhI usake nirjarA thoDI hotI hai. aur chhaThaven guNasthAnavAlA AhAr-
vihArAdi kriyA kare us kAlamen bhI usake nirjarA bahut hotI hai, tathA bandha usase bhI thoDA
hotA hai.

isaliye bAhya pravRuttike anusAr nirjarA nahIn hai, antarang kaShAyashakti ghaTanese vishuddhatA

hone par nirjarA hotI hai. so isake pragaT svarUpakA Age nirUpaN karenge vahAnse jAnanA.

is prakAr anashanAdi kriyAko tapasangnA upachArase jAnanA. isIse ise vyavahAr-tap

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 233

kahA hai. vyavahAr aur upachArakA ek artha hai. tathA aise sAdhanase jo vItarAgabhAvarUp
vishuddhatA ho vah sachchA tap nirjarAkA kAraN jAnanA.

yahAn dRuShTAnta hai — jaise dhanako va annako prAN kahA hai. so dhanase anna lAkar, usakA

bhakShaN karake prANonkA poShaN kiyA jAtA hai; isaliye upachArase dhan aur annako prAN kahA
hai. koI indriyAdik prANonko na jAne aur inhInko prAN jAnakar sangrah kare to maraNako
hI prApta hogA. usI prakAr anashanAdiko tathA prAyashchittako tap kahA hai, kyonki anashanAdi
sAdhanase prAyashchittAdirUp pravartan karake vItarAgabhAvarUp satya tapakA poShaN kiyA jAtA hai;
isaliye upachArase anashanAdiko tathA prAyashchittAdiko tap kahA hai. koI vItarAgabhAvarUp tapako
na jAne aur inhInko tap jAnakar sangrah kare to sansAramen hI bhramaN karegA.

bahut kyA, itanA samajh lenA ki nishchayadharma to vItarAgabhAv hai, anya nAnA visheSh

bAhyasAdhanakI apekShA upachArase kiye hain, unako vyavahAramAtra dharmasangnA jAnanA. is rahasyako
nahIn jAnatA, isaliye usake nirjarAkA sachchA shraddhAn nahIn hai.

mokShatattvakA anyathArUp

tathA siddha honA use mokSha mAnatA hai. vahAn janma-maraN-rog-kleshAdi dukh dUr hue,

anantagnAn dvArA lokAlokakA jAnanA huA, trilokapUjyapanA huA, — ityAdi rUpase usakI mahimA

jAnatA hai. so sarva jIvonke dukh dUr karanekI, gney jAnanekI, tathA pUjya honekI ichchhA hai.
yadi inhInke artha mokShakI ichchhA kI to isake anya jIvonke shraddhAnase kyA visheShatA huI?

tathA isake aisA bhI abhiprAy hai ki svargamen sukh hai usase anantagunA sukh mokShamen

hai. so is guNAkAramen vah svarga-mokShasukhakI ek jAti jAnatA hai. vahAn svargamen to viShayAdik
sAmagrIjanit sukh hotA hai, usakI jAti ise bhAsit hotI hai; parantu mokShamen viShayAdik sAmagrI
hai nahIn, so vahAnke sukhakI jAti ise bhAsit to nahIn hotI; parantu mahAn puruSh svargase bhI
mokShako uttam kahate hain, isaliye yah bhI uttam hI mAnatA hai. jaise — koI gAyanakA svarUp

na pahichAne; parantu sabhAke sarva log sarAhanA karate hain, isalie Ap bhI sarAhanA karatA
hai. usI prakAr yah mokShako uttam mAnatA hai.

yahAn vah kahatA hai — shAstramen bhI to indrAdikase anantagunA sukh siddhonke prarUpit

kiyA hai?

uttara — jaise tIrthankarake sharIrakI prabhAko sUryaprabhAse koTigunI kahI, vahAn unakI ek

jAti nahIn hai; parantu lokamen sUryaprabhAkI mahimA hai, usase bhI adhik mahimA batalAneke liye

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234 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

upamAlankAr karate hain. usI prakAr siddhasukhako indrAdisukhase anantagunA kahA hai, vahAn unakI
ek jAti nahIn hai; parantu lokamen indrAdisukhakI mahimA hai, usase bahut mahimA batalAneke liye
upamAlankAr karate hain.

phi ra prashna hai ki vah siddhasukh aur indrAdisukhakI ek jAti jAnatA hai — aisA nishchay

tumane kaise kiyA?

samAdhAna — jis dharmasAdhanakA phal svarga mAnatA hai, us dharmasAdhanakA hI phal mokSha

mAnatA hai. koI jIv indrAdi pad prApta kare, koI mokSha prApta kare, vahAn un dononko ek jAtike
dharmakA phal huA mAnatA hai. aisA to mAnatA hai ki jisake sAdhan thoDA hotA hai vah indrAdi
pad prApta karatA hai, jisake sampUrNa sAdhan ho vah mokSha prApta karatA hai; parantu vahAn dharmakI jAti
ek jAnatA hai. so jo kAraNakI ek jAti jAne, use kAryakI bhI ek jAtikA shraddhAn
avashya ho; kyonki kAraNavisheSh hone par hI kAryavisheSh hotA hai. isaliye hamane yah nishchay
kiyA ki usake abhiprAyamen indrAdisukh aur siddhasukhakI ek jAtikA shraddhAn hai.

tathA karmanimittase AtmAke aupAdhik bhAv the, unakA abhAv hone par Ap

shuddhabhAvarUp keval AtmA huA. jaise — paramANu skandhase pRuthak hone par shuddha hotA hai, usI

prakAr yah karmAdikase bhinna hokar shuddha hotA hai. visheSh itanA ki vah donon avasthAmen
dukhI-sukhI nahIn hai; parantu AtmA ashuddha avasthAmen dukhI thA, ab usakA abhAv honese
nirAkul lakShaN anantasukhakI prApti huI.

tathA indrAdikake jo sukh hai vah kaShAyabhAvonse AkulatArUp hai, so vah paramArthase

dukh hI hai; isaliye usakI aur isakI ek jAti nahIn hai. tathA svargasukhakA kAraN
prashastarAg hai aur mokShasukhakA kAraN vItarAgabhAv hai; isaliye kAraNamen bhI visheSh hai; parantu
aisA bhAv ise bhAsit nahIn hotA.

isaliye mokShakA bhI isako sachchA shraddhAn nahIn hai.
is prakAr isake sachchA tattvashraddhAn nahIn hai. isaliye samayasAramen

1 kahA hai ki abhavyako

tattvashraddhAn hone par bhI mithyAdarshan hI rahatA hai. tathA pravachanasAramen kahA hai ki AtmagnAnashUnya
tattvArthashraddhAn kAryakArI nahIn hai.

tathA vyavahAradRuShTise samyagdarshanake ATh ang kahe hain unako yah pAlatA hai, pachchIs

1. gAthA 276 – 277 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 235

doSh kahe hain unako TAlatA hai, samvegAdik guN kahe hain unako dhAraN karatA hai; parantu jaise
bIj boe binA khetake sab sAdhan karane par bhI anna nahIn hotA; usI prakAr sachchA tattvashraddhAn
hue binA samyaktva nahIn hotA. panchAstikAy vyAkhyAmen jahAn antamen vyavahArAbhAsavAlekA varNan
kiyA vahAn aisA hI kathan kiyA hai.

isaprakAr isako samyagdarshanake artha sAdhan karane par bhI samyagdarshan nahIn hotA.

samyaggnAnakA anyathArUp

ab, shAstramen samyaggnAnake artha shAstrAbhyAs karanese samyaggnAn honA kahA hai; isaliye

yah shAstrAbhyAsamen tatpar rahatA hai. vahAn sIkhanA, sikhAnA, yAd karanA, bAnchanA, paDhanA Adi
kriyAommen to upayogako ramAtA hai; parantu usake prayojan par dRuShTi nahIn hai. is upadeshamen
mujhe kAryakArI kyA hai, so abhiprAy nahIn hai; svayam shAstrAbhyAs karake auronko sambodhan denekA
abhiprAy rakhatA hai, aur bahutase jIv upadesh mAnen vahAn santuShTa hotA hai; parantu gnAnAbhyAs
to apane liye kiyA jAtA hai aur avasar pAkar parakA bhI bhalA hotA ho to parakA
bhI bhalA kare. tathA koI upadesh na sune to mat suno — svayam kyon viShAd kare? shAstrArthakA

bhAv jAnakar apanA bhalA karanA.

tathA shAstrAbhyAsamen bhI kitane hI to vyAkaraN, nyAy, kAvya Adi shAstronkA bahut

abhyAs karate hain, parantu ve to lokamen pAnDitya pragaT karaneke kAraN hain, unamen AtmahitakA
nirUpaN to hai nahIn. inakA to prayojan itanA hI hai ki apanI buddhi bahut ho to thoDA –

bahut inakA abhyAs karake pashchAt Atmahitake sAdhak shAstronkA abhyAs karanA. yadi buddhi
thoDI ho to Atmahitake sAdhak sugam shAstronkA hI abhyAs kare. aisA nahIn karanA ki
vyAkaraNAdikA hI abhyAs karate-karate Ayu pUrNa ho jAye aur tattvagnAnakI prApti na bane.

yahAn koI kahe — aisA hai to vyAkaraNAdikA abhyAs nahIn karanA chAhiye?

usase kahate hain ki unake abhyAsake binA mahAn granthonkA artha khulatA nahIn hai, isaliye

unakA bhI abhyAs karanA yogya hai.

phi ra prashna hai ki — mahAn grantha aise kyon banAye jinakA artha vyAkaraNAdike binA na

khule? bhAShA dvArA sugamarUp hitopadesh kyon nahIn likhA? unake kuchh prayojan to thA nahIn?

samAdhAna — bhAShAmen bhI prAkRit, sanskRitAdikake hI shabda hain; parantu apabhransh sahit hain.

tathA desh-deshamen bhAShA anya-anya prakAr hai, to mahant puruSh shAstrommen apabhransh shabda kaise

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236 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

likhate? bAlak totalA bole, parantu baDe to nahIn bolate. tathA ek deshakI bhAShArUp shAstra
dUsare deshamen jAye, to vahAn usakA artha kaise bhAsit hogA? isaliye prAkRit, sanskRitAdi shuddha
shabdarUp grantha rache hain.

tathA vyAkaraNake binA shabdakA artha yathAvat bhAsit nahIn hotA; nyAyake binA lakShaN,

parIkShA Adi yathAvat nahIn ho sakate — ityAdi. vachan dvArA vastuke svarUpakA nirNay

vyAkaraNAdi binA bhalI-bhAnti na hotA jAnakar unakI AmnAy anusAr kathan kiyA hai.
bhAShAmen bhI unakI thoDI-bahut AmnAy Ane par hI upadesh ho sakatA hai; parantu bahut AmnAyase
bhalI-bhAnti nirNay ho sakatA hai.

phi ra kahoge ki aisA hai to ab bhAShArUp grantha kisaliye banAte hain ?
samAdhAna — kAladoShase jIvonkI mandabuddhi jAnakar kinhIn jIvonke jitanA gnAn hogA

utanA hI hogA — aisA vichArakar bhAShAgrantha rachate hain — isaliye jo jIv vyAkaraNAdikA

abhyAs na kar saken unhen aise granthon dvArA hI abhyAs karanA.

tathA jo jIv shabdonkI nAnA yuktiyonsahit artha karaneke liye hI vyAkaraNakA avagAhan

karate hain, vAdAdi karake mahant honeke liye nyAyakA avagAhan karate hain aur chaturAI pragaT
karaneke liye kAvyakA avagAhan karate hain, — ityAdi laukik prayojanasahit inakA abhyAs

karate hain ve dharmAtmA nahIn hain. inakA ban sake utanA thoDA-bahut abhyAs karake Atmahitake
artha jo tattvAdikakA nirNay karate hain vahI dharmAtmA – paNDit jAnanA.

tathA kitane hI jIv puNya-pApAdik phalake nirUpak purANAdik shAstronkA; puNya-

pApakriyAke nirUpak AchArAdi shAstronkA, tathA guNasthAn – mArgaNA, karmaprakRiti, trilokAdike

nirUpak karaNAnuyogake shAstronkA abhyAs karate hain, parantu yadi Ap inakA prayojan nahIn
vichArate, tab to tote jaisA hI paDhanA huA aur yadi inakA prayojan vichArate hain to vahAn
pApako burA jAnanA, puNyako bhalA jAnanA, guNasthAnAdikakA svarUp jAn lenA, tathA jitanA
inakA abhyAs karenge utanA hamArA bhalA hai, — ityAdi prayojanakA vichAr kiyA hai; so isase

itanA to hogA ki narakAdi nahIn honge, svargAdik honge; parantu mokShamArgakI to prApti hogI
nahIn.

pratham sachchA tattvagnAn ho; vahAn phi ra puNya-pApake phalako sansAr jAne, shuddhapayogase

mokSha mAne, guNasthAnAdirUp jIvakA vyavahAranirUpaN jAne; ityAdi jyonkA tyon shraddhAn karatA
huA inakA abhyAs kare to samyaggnAn ho.

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 237

so tattvagnAnake kAraN adhyAtmarUp dravyAnuyogake shAstra hain aur kitane hI jIv un

shAstronkA bhI abhyAs karate hain; parantu vahAn jaisA likhA hai vaisA nirNay svayam karake Apako
AparUp, parako pararUp aur AsravAdikA AsravAdirUp shraddhAn nahIn karate. mukhase to yathAvat
nirUpaN aisA bhI karen jisake upedashase anya jIv samyagdRuShTi ho jAyen. parantu jaise koI
laDakA strIkA svAng banAkar aisA gAnA gAye jise sunakar anya puruSh-strI kAmarUp ho jAyen;
parantu vah to jaisA sIkhA vaisA kahatA hai, use kuchh bhAv bhAsit nahIn hotA, isaliye svayam
kAmAsakta nahIn hotA. usI prakAr yah jaisA likhA hai vaise upadesh detA hai; parantu svayam
anubhav nahIn karatA. yadi svayamko shraddhAn huA hotA to anya tattvakA ansh anya tattvamen
na milAtA; parantu isakA ThikAnA nahIn hai, isaliye samyaggnAn nahIn hotA.

is prakAr yah gyArah ang tak paDhe, tathApi siddhi nahIn hotI. so samayasArAdimen

mithyAdRuShTiko gyArah angonkA gnAn honA likhA hai.

yahAn koI kahe ki gnAn to itanA hotA hai; parantu jaisA abhavyasenako shraddhAnarahit

gnAn huA vaisA hotA hai?

samAdhAna — vah to pApI thA, jise hinsAdikI pravRuttikA bhay nahIn thA. parantu jo

jIv graiveyak Adimen jAtA hai usake aisA gnAn hotA hai; vah to shraddhAnarahit nahIn hai.
usake to aisA bhI shraddhAn hai ki yah grantha sachche hain, parantu tattvashraddhAn sachchA nahIn huA.
samayasAramen ek hI jIvake dharmakA shraddhAn, gyArah angakA gnAn aur mahAvratAdikA pAlan karanA
likhA hai. pravachanasAramen aisA likhA hai ki AgamagnAn aisA huA jisake dvArA sarva padArthonko
hastAmalakavat jAnatA hai. yah bhI jAnatA hai ki inakA jAnanevAlA main hUn; parantu main gnAnasvarUp
hUn is prakAr svayamko paradravyase bhinna keval chaitanyadravya anubhav nahIn karatA. isaliye
AtmagnAnashUnya AgamagnAn bhI kAryakArI nahIn hai.

is prakAr yah samyaggnAnake artha jainashAstronkA abhyAs karatA hai, tathApi isake

samyaggnAn nahIn hai.

samyakchAritrakA anyathArUp

tathA inake samyakchAritrake artha kaisI pravRutti hai so kahate hain —

bAhya kriyA par to inakI dRuShTi hai aur pariNAm sudharane-bigaDanekA vichAr nahIn hai.

aur yadi pariNAmonkA bhI vichAr ho to jaise apane pariNAm hote dikhAI den unhIn par dRuShTi
rahatI hai, parantu un pariNAmonkI paramparAkA vichAr karane par abhiprAyamen jo vAsanA hai usakA

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238 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

vichAr nahIn karate. aur phal lagatA hai so abhiprAyamen jo vAsanA hai usakA lagatA hai.
isakA visheSh vyAkhyAn Age karenge. vahAn svarUp bhalIbhAnti bhAsit hogA.

aisI pahichAnake binA bAhya AcharaNakA hI udyam hai.
vahAn kitane hI jIv to kulakramase athavA dekhA-dekhI yA krodh, mAn, mAyA, lobhAdikase

AcharaN karate hain; unake to dharmabuddhi hI nahIn hai, samyakchAritra kahAnse ho? un jIvommen
koI to bhole hain va koI kaShAyI hain; so agnAnabhAv va kaShAy hone par samyakchAritra nahIn
hotA.

tathA kitane hI jIv aisA mAnate hain ki jAnanemen kyA hai, kuchh karenge to phal lagegA.

aisA vichArakar vrat-tap Adi kriyAke hI udyamI rahate hain aur tattvagnAnakA upAy nahIn karate.
so tattvagnAnake binA mahAvratAdikA AcharaN bhI mithyAchAritra hI nAm pAtA hai aur tattvagnAn
hone par kuchh bhI vratAdik nahIn hain tathApi asanyatasamyagdRuShTi nAm pAtA hai. isaliye pahale
tattvagnAnakA upAy karanA, pashchAt kaShAy ghaTAneke liye bAhyasAdhan karanA. yahI yogIndradevakRut
shrAvakAchAramen

1 kahA hai —

‘‘dansaNabhUmih bAhirA, jiy vayarukkha Na hunti.’’

artha — is samyagdarshan bhUmikA binA he jIv! vratarUpI vRukSha nahIn hote, arthAt jin

jIvonke tattvagnAn nahIn hai ve yathArtha AcharaN nahIn Acharate.

vahI visheSh batalAte hain : —

kitane hI jIv pahale to baDI pratignA dhAraN kar baiThate hain; parantu antarangamen viShay-

kaShAy vAsanA miTI nahIn hai, isaliye jaise-taise pratignA pUrI karanA chAhate hain. vahAn us pratignAse
pariNAm dukhI hote hain. jaise — koI bahut upavAs kar baiThatA hai aur pashchAt pIDAse dukhI

huA rogIkI bhAnti kAl gamvAtA hai, dharma sAdhan nahIn karatA; to pratham hI sadhatI jAne utanI
hI pratignA kyon na le? dukhI honemen ArtadhyAn ho, usakA phal achchhA kaise lagegA? athavA
us pratignAkA dukh nahIn sahA jAtA tab usake badale viShay-poShaNake liye anya upAy karatA
hai. jaise — tRuShA lage tab pAnI to na piye aur anya shItal upachAr anek prakAr kare,

va ghRut to chhoDe aur anya snigdha vastukA upAy karake bhakShaN kare. — isIprakAr anya

jAnanA.

1. sAvayadhamma, dohA 57

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 239

yadi parIShah nahIn sahe jAte the, viShay-vAsanA nahIn chhUTI thI; to aisI pratignA kisaliye

kI? sugam viShay chhoDakar pashchAt viSham viShayonkA upAy karanA paDe aisA kArya kyon kare?
vahAn to ulaTA rAgabhAv tIvra hotA hai.

athavA pratignAmen dukh ho tab pariNAm lagAneke liye koI Alamban vichAratA hai.

jaise — upavAs karake phi ra krIDA karatA hai, kitane hI pApI juA Adi kuvyasanommen lag

jAte hain athavA so rahanA chAhate hain. aisA jAnate hain ki kisI prakAr kAl pUrA karanA.

— isIprakAr anya pratignAmen jAnanA.

athavA kitane hI pApI aise bhI hain pahale pratignA karate hain, bAdamen usase dukhI hon

tab pratignA chhoD dete hain. pratignA lenA-chheDanA unako khelamAtra hai; so pratignA bhang karanekA
mahApAp hai; isase to pratignA na lenA bhalA hai.

is prakAr pahale to nirvichAr hokar pratignA karate hain aur pashchAt aisI dashA hotI

hai.

jainadharmamen pratignA na lenekA daNDa to hai nahIn. jainadharmamen to aisA upadesh hai ki

pahale to tattvagnAnI ho; phi ra usakA tyAg kar usakA doSh pahichAne. tyAg karanemen jo
guN ho use jAne; phi ra apane pariNAmonko ThIk kare; vartamAn pariNAmonke hI bharose pratignA
na kar baiThe; bhaviShyamen nirvAh hotA jAne to pratignA kare; tathA sharIrakI shakti va dravya, kShetra,
kAl, bhAvAdikakA vichAr kare. — is prakAr vichAr karake phi ra pratignA karanI. vah bhI

aisI karanI jisase pratignAke prati nirAdarabhAv na ho, pariNAm chaDhate rahen. aisI jainadharmakI
AmnAy hai.

yahAn koI kahe ki chAnDAlAdikane pratignA kI, unake itanA vichAr kahAn hotA hai?
samAdhAna — maraNaparyanta kaShTa ho to ho, parantu pratignA nahIn chhoDanA — aisA vichAr

karake ve pratignA karate hain; pratignAke prati nirAdarapanA nahIn hotA.

aur samyagdRuShTi jo pratignA karate hain so tattvagnAnAdipUrvak hI karate hain.
tathA jinake antarang viraktatA nahIn aur bAhyapratignA dhAraN karate hain, ve pratignAke

pahale aur bAdamen jisakI pratignA karen usamen ati Asakta hokar lagate hain. jaise upavAsake
dhAraNe-pAraNeke bhojanamen ati lobhI hokar gariShThAdi bhojan karate hain, shIghratA bahut karate hain.
jaise — jalako rok rakhA thA, jab vah chhUTA tabhI bahut pravAh chalane lagA; usI prakAr pratignA

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240 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

dvArA viShayavRutti rok rakhI thI, antarang Asakti baDhatI gaI aur pratignA pUrNa hote hI atyanta
viShayavRutti hone lagI; so pratignAke kAlamen viShayavAsanA miTI nahIn, Age-pIchhe usake badale
adhik rAg kiyA; so phal to rAgabhAv miTanese hogA. isaliye jitanI virakti huI ho
utanI pratignA karanA. mahAmuni bhI thoDI pratignA karake phi ra AhArAdimen uchhaTi (kamI) karate
hain aur baDI pratignA karate hain. to apanI shakti dekhakar karate hain. jisaprakAr pariNAm
chaDhate rahen vaisA karate hain. pramAd bhI na ho aur AkulatA bhI utpanna na ho — aisI pravRutti

kAryakArI jAnanA.

tathA jinakI dharma par dRuShTi nahIn hai ve kabhI to baDA dharma Acharate hain, kabhI adhik

svachchhanda hokar pravartate hain. jaise — kisI dharmaparvamen to bahut upavAsAdi karate hain, kisI

dharmaparvamen bArambAr bhojanAdi karate hain. yadi dharmabuddhi ho to yathAyogya sarva dharmaparvommen yogya
sanyamAdi dhAraN karen. tathA kabhI to kisI dharmakAryamen bahut dhan kharcha karate hain aur kabhI
koI dharmakArya A pahunchA ho tab bhI vahAn thoDA bhI dhan kharcha nahIn karate. so dharmabuddhi
ho to yathAshakti yathAyogya sabhI dharmakAryomen dhan kharchate rahen. — isIprakAr anya jAnanA.

tathA jinake sachchA dharmasAdhan nahIn hai ve koI kriyA to bahut baDI angIkAr karate hain,

tathA koI hIn kriyA karate hain. jaise — dhanAdikakA to tyAg kiyA aur achchhA bhojan, achchhe

vastra ityAdi viShayommen visheSh pravartate hain. tathA koI jAmA pahinanA, strI-sevan karanA ityAdi
kAryonkA to tyAg karake dharmAtmApanA pragaT karate hain; aur pashchAt khoTe vyApArAdi kArya karate
hain, lokanindya pApakriyAommen pravartate hain. — isIprakAr koI kriyA ati uchcha tathA koI kriyA

ati nIchI karate hain. vahAn lokanindya hokar dharmakI hansI karAte hain ki dekho, amuk dharmAtmA
aise kArya karatA hai. jaise koI puruSh ek vastra to ati uttam pahine aur ek vastra ati
hIn pahine to hansI hI hotI hai; usI prakAr yah bhI hansIko prApta hotA hai.

sachche dharmakI to yah AmnAy hai ki jitane apane rAgAdi dUr hue hon usake anusAr

jis padamen jo dharmakriyA sambhav ho vah sab angIkAr kare. yadi alpa rAgAdi miTe hon
to nichale padamen hI pravartan kare; parantu uchchapad dhAraN karake nIchI kriyA na kare.

yahAn prashna hai ki strI-sevanAdi tyAg UparakI pratimAmen kahA hai; isaliye nichalI

avasthAvAlA unakA tyAg kare yA nahIn?

samAdhAna — nichalI avasthAvAlA unakA sarvathA tyAg nahIn kar sakatA, koI doSh

lagatA hai, isaliye UparakI pratimAmen tyAg kahA hai. nichalI avasthAmen jis prakArakA tyAg

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sAtavAn adhikAr ][ 241

sambhav ho vaisA nichalI avasthAvAlA bhI kare; parantu jis nichalI avasthAmen jo kArya sambhav
hI nahIn hai, usakA karanA to kaShAyabhAvonse hI hotA hai. jaise — koI saptavyasanakA sevan

karatA ho aur svastrIkA tyAg kare; to kaise ho sakatA hai? yadyapi svastrIkA tyAg karanA
dharma hai; tathApi pahale saptavyasanakA tyAg ho, tabhI svastrIkA tyAg karanA yogya hai. — isI

prakAr anya jAnanA.

tathA sarva prakArase dharmako na jAnatA ho — aisA jIv dharmake angako mukhya karake anya

dharmonko gauN karatA hai. jaise — koI jIv dayA-dharmako mukhya karake pUjA – prabhAvanAdi kAryakA

utthApan karate hain; kitane hI pUjA-prabhAvanAdi dharmako mukhya karake hinsAdikakA bhay nahIn rakhate;
kitane hI tapakI mukhyatAse ArttadhyAnAdik karake bhI upavAsAdi karate hain, tathA apaneko
tapasvI mAnakar nishank krodhit karate hain; kitane hI dAnakI mukhyatAse bahut pAp karake bhI
dhan upArjan karake dAn dete hain; kitane hI Arambha-tyAgakI mukhyatAse yAchanA Adi karate
hain;1 ityAdi prakArase kisI dharmako mukhya karake anya dharmako nahIn ginate tathA usake Ashrayase

pApakA AcharaN karate hain.

unakA yah kArya aisA huA jaise avivekI vyApArIko kisI vyApAramen naphe ke artha

anya prakArase bahut ToTA paDatA hai. chAhiye to aisA ki jaise vyApArIkA prayojan naphA
hai, sarva vichAr kar jaise naphA bahut ho vaisA kare; usI prakAr gnAnIkA prayojan vItarAgabhAv
hai, sarva vichAr kar jaise vItarAgabhAv bahut ho vaisA kare, kyonki mUladharma vItarAgabhAv hai.

isIprakAr avivekI jIv anyathA dharma angIkAr karate hain; unake to samyakchAritrakA

AbhAs bhI nahIn hotA.

tathA kitane hI jIv aNuvrat-mahAvratAdirUp yathArtha AcharaN karate hain — aur AcharaNake

anusAr hI pariNAm hain, koI mAyA-lobhAdikakA abhiprAy nahIn hai; unhen dharma jAnakar mokShake
artha unakA sAdhan karate hain, kinhIn svargAdikake bhogonkI bhI ichchhA nahIn rakhate; parantu tattvagnAn
pahale nahIn huA, isaliye Ap to jAnate hain ki main mokShakA sAdhan kar rahA hUn; parantu jo
mokShakA sAdhan hai use jAnate bhI nahIn, keval svargAdikakA hI sAdhan karate hain. koI misarIko
amRut jAnakar bhakShaN kare to usase amRutakA guN to nahIn hotA; apanI pratItike anusAr
phal nahIn hotA; phal to jaise sAdhan kare vaisA hI lagatA hai.

1. yahAn pt.. ToDaramalajIkI hastalikhit pratike hAsiyemen is prakAr likhA hai — ‘ihAn snAnAdi shauchadharmmakA

kathan tathA laukik kArya Aen dharmma chhoDi tahAn lagi jAy tinikA kathan likhanAn hai.’

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242 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

shAstramen aisA kahA hai ki chAritramen ‘samyak’ pad hai; vah agnAnapUrvak AcharaNakI

nivRuttike artha hai; isaliye pratham tattvagnAn ho aur pashchAt chAritra ho so samyakchAritra nAm
pAtA hai. jaise — koI kisAn bIj to boye nahIn aur anya sAdhan kare to anna prApti

kaise ho? ghAs-phU sa hI hogA; usI prakAr agnAnI tattvagnAnakA to abhyAs kare nahIn aur
anya sAdhan kare to mokShaprApti kaise ho? devapad Adi hI honge.

vahAn kitane hI jIv to aise hain jo tattvAdikake bhalI-bhAnti nAm bhI nahIn jAnate,

keval vratAdikamen hI pravartate hain. kitane hI jIv aise hain jo pUrvokta prakAr samyagdarshan-gnAnakA
ayathArtha sAdhan karake vratAdimen pravartate hain. yadyapi ve vratAdikakA yathArtha AcharaN karate hain
tathApi yathArtha shraddhAn-gnAn binA sarva AcharaN mithyAchAritra hI hai.

yahI samayasAr kalashamen kahA hai —

klishyantAn svayamev duShkaratarairmokShonmukhai karmabhi
klishyantAn cha pare mahAvratatapobhAreN bhagnAshchiram.

sAkShAnmokShamidan nirAmayapadan samvedyamAnan svayam
gnAnan gnAnaguNan binA kathamapi prAptun kShamante na hi..142..

artha — mokShase parADmukh aise ati dustar panchAgni tapanAdi kAryon dvArA Ap hI klesh

karate hain to karo; tathA anya kitane hI jIv mahAvrat aur tapake bhArase chirakAlaparyanta kShIN
hote hue klesh karate hain to karo; parantu yah sAkShAt mokShasvarUp sarvarogarahit pad, jo apane
Ap anubhavamen Aye aisA gnAnasvabhAv, vah to gnAnaguNake binA anya kisI bhI prakArase
prApta karanemen samartha nahIn hai.

tathA panchAstikAyamen jahAn antamen vyavahArAbhAsIkA kathan kiyA hai vahAn terah prakArakA

chAritra hone par bhI usakA mokShamArgamen niShedh kiyA hai.

tathA pravachanasAramen AtmagnAnashUnya sanyamabhAvako akAryakArI kahA hai.
tathA ihIn granthommen va anya paramAtmaprakAshAdi shAstrommen is prayojanake liye jahAn-tahAn

nirUpaN hai.

isaliye pahale tattvagnAn hone par hI AcharaN kAryakArI hai.
yahAn koI jAne ki bAhyamen to aNuvrat-mahAvratAdi sAdhate hain? parantu antarang pariNAm

nahIn hain aur svargAdikakI vAnchhAse sAdhate hain, — so is prakAr sAdhanese pApabandha hotA hai.

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