Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (English transliteration). Nauva Adhyay.

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AThavAn adhikAr ][ 303
poShaN kiyA hai; parantu rAgAdi baDhAnekA prayojan kahIn nahIn hai, isaliye jinamatakA sarva kathan
nirdoSh hai. aur anyamatamen kahIn rAgAdi miTAneke prayojan sahit kathan karate hain, kahIn rAgAdi
baDhAneke prayojan sahit kathan karate hain; isIprakAr anya bhI prayojanakI viruddhatA sahit kathan
karate hain, isaliye anyamatakA kathan sadoSh hai. lokamen bhI ek prayojanakA poShaN karanevAle
nAnA kathan kahe use prAmANik kahA jAtA hai aur anya-anya prayojanakA poShaN karanevAlI
bAt kare use bAvalA kahate hain.
tathA jinamatamen nAnAprakArake kathan hain so bhinna-bhinna apekShA sahit hain vahAn doSh nahIn
hai. anyamatamen ek hI apekShA sahit anya-anya kathan karate hain vahAn doSh hai. jaise –
jinadevake vItarAgabhAv hai aur samavasaraNAdi vibhUti bhI pAyI jAtI hai, vahAn virodh nahIn
hai. samavasaraNAdi vibhUtikI rachanA indrAdik karate hain, unako usamen rAgAdik nahIn hai, isaliye
donon bAten sambhavit hain. aur anyamatamen Ishvarako sAkShIbhUt vItarAg bhI kahate hain tathA usIke
dvArA kiye gaye kAm-krodhAdibhAv nirUpit karate hain, so ek AtmAko hI vItarAgapanA aur
kAm-krodhAdi bhAv kaise sambhavit hain? isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.
tathA kAladoShase jinamatamen ek hI prakArase koI kathan viruddha likhe hain; so yah
tuchchhabuddhiyonkI bhUl hai, kuchh matamen doSh nahIn hai. vahAn bhI jinamatakA atishay itanA hai
ki pramANaviruddha kathan koI nahIn kar sakatA. kahIn saurIpuramen, kahI dvArAvatImen neminAth
svAmIkA janma likhA hai; so kahIn bhI ho, parantu nagaramen janma honA pramANaviruddha nahIn hai,
Aj bhI hote dikhAI dete hain.
tathA anyamatamen sarvagnAdik yathArtha gnAniyonke rache hue grantha batalAte hain, parantu unamen
paraspar viruddhatA bhAsit hotI hai. kahIn to bAlabrahmachArIkI prashansA karate hain, kahIn kahate
hain – ‘putra binA gati nahIn hotI’ – so donon sachche kaise hon? aise kathan vahAn bahut pAye jAte
hain. tathA unamen pramANaviruddha kathan pAye jAte hain. jaise – ‘mukhamen vIrya giranese machhalIke putra
huA’, so aisA is kAlamen kisIke hotA dikhAI nahIn detA aur anumAnase bhI nahIn milatA –
aise kathan bhI bahut pAye jAte hain. yadi yahAn sarvagnAdikakI bhUl mAne to ve kaise bhUlenge?
aur viruddha kathan mAnanemen nahIn AtA; isaliye unake matamen doSh ThaharAte hain. aisA jAnakar
ek jinamatakA hI upadesh grahaN karane yogya hai.
anuyogonkA abhyAsakram
vahAn prathamAnuyogAdikA abhyAs karanA. pahale isakA abhyAs karanA, phi ra isakA

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304 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
karanA aisA niyam nahIn hai, parantu apane pariNAmonkI avasthA dekhakar jisake abhyAsase apanI
dharmamen pravRutti ho usIkA abhyAs karanA. athavA kabhI kisI shAstrakA abhyAs kare, kabhI
kisI shAstrakA abhyAs kare. tathA jaise—srojanAmachemen to anek rakamen jahAn-tahAn likhI
hain, unakI khAtemen ThIk khataunI kare to len-denakA nishchay ho; usIprakAr shAstrommen to anek
prakAr upadesh jahAn-tahAn diyA hai, use samyaggnAnamen yathArtha prayojanasahit pahichAne to hit-
ahitakA nishchay ho.
isaliye syAtpadakI sApekShatA sahit samyaggnAn dvArA jo jIv jinavachanommen ramate hain,
ve jIv shIghra hI shuddhAtmasvarUpako prApta hote hain. mokShamArgamen pahalA upAy AgamagnAn kahA
hai, AgamagnAn binA dharmakA sAdhan nahIn ho sakatA, isaliye tumhen bhI yathArtha buddhi dvArA
AgamakA abhyAs karanA. tumhArA kalyAN hogA.
– iti shrI mokShamArgaprakAshak nAmak shAstramen upadeshasvarUpapratipAdak
AThavAn adhikAr sampUrNa huA..8..
❁

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AThavAn adhikAr ][ 305
nauvAn adhikAr
mokShamArgakA svarUp
dohA — shiv upAy karaten pratham, kAran mangalarUp.
vighan vinAshak sukhakaran, namaun shuddha shivabhUp..
ab, mokShamArgakA svarUp kahate hain. pratham, mokShamArgake pratipakShI jo mithyAdarshanAdikA
unakA svarUp batalAyA – unhen to dukhakA kAraN jAnakar, hey mAnakar unakA tyAg karanA.
tathA bIchamen upadeshakA svarUp batalAyA use jAnakar upadeshako yathArtha samajhanA. ab, mokShake
mArga jo samyagdarshanAdi unakA svarUp batalAte hain – unhen sukharUp, sukhakA kAraN jAnakar, upAdey
mAnakar angIkAr karanA; kyonki AtmAkA hit mokSha hI hai; usIkA upAy AtmAkA kartavya
hai; isaliye usIkA upadesh yahAn dete hain.
AtmAkA hit mokSha hI hai
vahAn, AtmAkA hit mokSha hI hai anya nahIn; — aisA nishchay kisaprakAr hotA hai so
kahate hain.
AtmAke nAnAprakAr guN-paryAyarUp avasthAen pAyI jAtI hain; unamen anya to koI
avasthA ho, AtmAkA kuchh bigAD-sudhAr nahIn hai; ek dukh-sukh avasthAse bigAD-sudhAr hai.
yahAn kuchh hetu – dRuShTAnta nahIn chAhiye; pratyakSha aisA hI pratibhAsit hotA hai.
lokamen jitane AtmA hain unake ek upAy yah pAyA jAtA hai ki dukh na ho, sukh
ho; tathA anya bhI jitane upAy karate hain ve sab ek isI prayojanasahit karate hain dUsarA
prayojan nahIn hai. jinake nimittase dukh hotA jAnen unako dUr karanekA upAy karate hain
aur jinake nimitta sukh hotA jAnen unake honekA upAy karate hain.
tathA sankoch – vistAr Adi avasthA bhI AtmAke hI hotI hai, va anek paradravyonkA
bhI sanyog milatA hai; parantu jinase sukh-dukh hotA na jAne, unake dUr karanekA va honekA
kuchh bhI upAy koI nahIn karatA.
so yahAn AtmadravyakA aisA hI svabhAv jAnanA. aur to sarva avasthAonko sah
sakatA hai, ek dukhako nahIn sah sakatA. paravashatAse dukh ho to yah kyA kare, use

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306 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
bhogatA hai; parantu svavashatAse to kinchit bhI dukhako sahan nahIn karatA. tathA sankoch-vistArAdi
avasthA jaisI ho vaisI hoo, use svavashatAse bhI bhogatA hai; vahAn svabhAvamen tarka nahIn hai.
AtmAkA aisA hI svabhAv jAnanA.
dekho, dukhI ho tab sonA chAhatA hai; vahAn sonemen gnAnAdik manda ho jAte hain, parantu
jaD sarIkhA bhI hokar dukhako dUr karanA chAhatA hai. tathA maranA chAhatA hai; vahAn maranemen
apanA nAsh mAnatA hai, parantu apanA astitva khokar bhI dukh dUr karanA chAhatA hai. isaliye
ek dukharUp paryAyakA abhAv karanA hI isakA kartavya hai.
tathA dukh na ho vahI sukh hai; kyonki AkulatAlakShaNasahit dukh usakA abhAv hI
nirAkulalakShaN sukh hai; so yah bhI pratyakSha bhAsit hotA hai. bAhya kisI sAmagrIkA sanyog mile –
jisake antarangamen AkulatA hai vah dukhI hI hai; jisake AkulatA nahIn hai vah sukhI hai. tathA
AkulatA hotI hai vah rAgAdik kaShAyabhAv hone par hotI hai; kyonki rAgAdibhAvonse yah to
dravyonko anya prakAr pariNamit karanA chAhe aur ve dravya anya prakAr pariNamit hon; tab isake
AkulatA hotI hai. vahAn yA to apane rAgAdi dUr hon, yA Ap chAhe usIprakAr sarvadravya
pariNamit hon to AkulatA miTe; parantu sarvadravya to isake AdhIn nahIn hain. kadAchit koI
dravya jaisI isakI ichchhA ho usI prakAr pariNamit ho, tab bhI isakI AkulatA sarvathA dUr
nahIn hotI; sarva kArya jaise yah chAhe vaise hI hon, anyathA na hon, tab yah nirAkul rahe; parantu
yah to ho hI nahIn sakatA; kyonki kisI dravyakA pariNaman kisI dravyake AdhIn nahIn hai.
isaliye apane rAgAdibhAv dUr hone par nirAkulatA ho, so yah kArya ban sakatA hai; kyonki
rAgAdibhAv AtmAke svabhAv to hain nahIn, aupAdhikabhAv hain, paranimittase hue hain aur vah nimitta
mohakarmakA uday hai; usakA abhAv hone par sarva rAgAdik vilay ho jAyen tab AkulatAkA
nAsh hone par dukh dUr ho, sukhakI prApti ho. isaliye mohakarmakA nAsh hitakArI hai.
tathA us AkulatAkA sahakArI kAraN gnAnAvaraNAdikakA uday hai. gnAnAvaraN,
darshanAvaraNake udayase gnAn-darshan sampUrNa pragaT nahIn hote; isaliye isako dekhane-jAnanekI
AkulatA hotI hai. athavA yathArtha sampUrNa vastukA svabhAv nahIn jAnatA tab rAgAdirUp hokar
pravartatA hai, vahAn AkulatA hotI hai.
tathA antarAyake udayase ichchhAnusAr dAnAdi kArya na banen, tab AkulatA hotI hai.
unakA uday hai vah mohakA uday hone par AkulatAko sahakArI kAraN hai; mohake udayakA
nAsh hone par unakA bal nahIn hai; antarmuhUrtakAlamen apane Ap nAshako prApta hote hain; parantu

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nauvAn adhikAr ][ 307
sahakArI kAraN bhI dUr ho jAye tab pragaTarUp nirAkuladashA bhAsit hotI hai. vahAn kevalagnAnI
bhagavAn anantasukharUp dashAko prApta kahe jAte hain.
tathA aghAti karmonke udayake nimittase sharIrAdikakA sanyog hotA hai; vahAn mohakarmakA
uday honese sharIrAdikA sanyog AkulatAko bAhya sahakArI kAraN hai. antarang mohake udayase
rAgAdik hon aur bAhya aghAti karmonke udayase rAgAdikake kAraN sharIrAdikakA sanyog ho –
tab AkulatA utpanna hotI hai. tathA mohake udayakA nAsh hone par bhI aghAti karmakA uday
rahatA hai, vah kuchh bhI AkulatA utpanna nahIn kar sakatA; parantu pUrvamen AkulatAkA sahakArI
kAraN thA, isaliye aghAti karmakA bhI nAsh AtmAko iShTa hI hai. kevalIko inake hone
par bhI kuchh dukh nahIn hai, isaliye inake nAshakA udyam bhI nahIn hai; parantu mohakA nAsh
hone par yah karma apane Ap thoDe hI kAlamen sarvanAshako prApta ho jAte hain.
isaprakAr sarva karmonkA nAsh honA AtmAkA hit hai. tathA sarva karmake nAshakA hI
nAm mokSha hai. isaliye AtmAkA hit ek mokSha hI hai aur kuchh nahIn – aisA nishchay karanA.
yahAn koI kahe – sansAradashAmen puNyakarmakA uday hone par bhI jIv sukhI hotA hai; isaliye
keval mokSha hI hit hai, aisA kisaliye kahate hain?
samAdhAna – sansAradashAmen sukh to sarvathA hai hI nahIn; dukh hI hai. parantu kisIke kabhI
bahut dukh hotA hai, kisIke kabhI thoDA dukh hotA hai; so pUrvamen bahut dukh thA va anya
jIvonke bahut dukh pAyA jAtA hai, us apekShAse thoDe dukhavAleko sukhI kahate hain. tathA
usI abhiprAyase thoDe dukhavAlA apaneko sukhI mAnatA hai; paramArthase sukh hai nahIn. tathA
yadi thoDA bhI dukh sadAkAl rahatA ho to use bhI hitarUp ThaharAyen, so vah bhI nahIn hai;
thoDe kAl hI puNyakA uday rahatA hai aur vahAn thoDA dukh hotA hai, pashchAt bahut dukh
ho jAtA hai; isaliye sansAraavasthA hitarUp nahIn hai.
jaise – kisIko viShamajvar hai; usako kabhI asAtA bahut hotI hai, kabhI thoDI hotI
hai. thoDI asAtA ho to vah apaneko achchhA mAnatA hai. log bhI kahate hain — achchhA hai;
parantu paramArthase jabatak jvarakA sadbhAv hai tabatak achchhA nahIn hai. usI prakAr sansArIko
mohakA uday hai; usako kabhI AkulatA bahut hotI hai, kabhI thoDI hotI hai. thoDI AkulatA
ho tab vah apaneko sukhI mAnatA hai. log bhI kahate hain — sukhI hai; parantu paramArthase jab
tak mohakA sadbhAv hai tab tak sukh nahIn hai.
tathA suno, sansAradashAmen bhI AkulatA ghaTane par sukh nAm pAtA hai, AkulatA baDhane
par dukh nAm pAtA hai; kahIn bAhyasAmagrIse sukh-dukh nahIn hai. jaise — kisI daridrIko kinchit

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dhanakI prApti huI – vahAn kuchh AkulatA ghaTanese use sukhI kahate hain aur vah bhI apaneko
sukhI mAnatA hai. tathA kisI bahut dhanavAnako kinchit dhanakI hAni huI – vahAn kuchh AkulatA
baDhanese use dukhI kahate hain aur vah bhI apaneko dukhI mAnatA hai.
isIprakAr sarvatra jAnanA.
tathA AkulatA ghaTanA-baDhanA bhI bAhya sAmagrIke anusAr nahIn hai, kaShAyabhAvonke ghaTane-
baDhaneke anusAr hai. jaise – kisIko thoDA dhan hai aur use santoSh hai, to use AkulatA
thoDI hotI hai; tathA kisIko bahut dhan hai aur usake tRuShNA hai, to use AkulatA bahut
hai. tathA kisIko kisIne bahut burA kahA use krodh nahIn huA to usako AkulatA nahIn
hotI; aur thoDI bAten kahanese hI krodh ho Aye to usako AkulatA bahut hotI hai.
tathA jaise gAyako bachhaDese kuchh prayojan nahIn hai, parantu moh bahut hai, isaliye usakI rakShA
karanekI bahut AkulatA hotI hai; tathA subhaT ke sharIrAdikase bahut kArya sadhate hain, parantu
raNamen mAnAdikake kAraN sharIrAdikase moh ghaT jAye, tab maranekI bhI thoDI AkulatA hotI
hai. isaliye aisA jAnanA ki sansAr-avasthAmen bhI AkulatA ghaTane-baDhanese hI sukh-dukh mAne
jAte hain. tathA AkulatAkA ghaTanA-baDhanA rAgAdik kaShAy ghaTane-baDhaneke anusAr hai.
tathA paradravyarUp bAhyasAmagrIke anusAr sukh-dukh nahIn hai. kaShAyase isake ichchhA utpanna
ho aur isakI ichchhA anusAr bAhyasAmagrI mile, tab isake kuchh kaShAyakA upashaman honese
AkulatA ghaTatI hai, tab sukh mAnatA hai – aur ichchhAnusAr sAmagrI nahIn milatI, tab kaShAy
baDhanese AkulatA baDhatI hai aur dukh mAnatA hai. so hai to isaprakAr; parantu yah jAnatA
hai ki mujhe paradravyake nimittase sukh-dukh hote hain. aisA jAnanA bhram hI hai. isaliye yahAn
aisA vichAr karanA ki sansAr-avasthAmen kinchit kaShAy ghaTanese sukh mAnate hain, use hit jAnate
hain; – to jahAn sarvathA kaShAy dUr hone par va kaShAyake kAraN dUr hone par param nirAkulatA
honese ananta sukh prApta hotA hai — aisI mokSha-avasthAko kaise hit na mAnen?
tathA sansAr-avasthAmen uchchapadako prApta kare to bhI yA to viShayasAmagrI milAnekI
AkulatA hotI hai, yA viShay-sevanakI AkulatA hotI hai, yA apaneko anya kisI krodhAdi
kaShAyase ichchhA utpanna ho use pUrNa karanekI AkulatA hotI hai; kadApi sarvathA nirAkul nahIn
ho sakatA; abhiprAyamen to anek prakArakI AkulatA banI hI rahatI hai. aur koI AkulatA
miTAneke bAhya upAy kare; so pratham to kArya siddha nahIn hotA; aur yadi bhavitavyayogase
vah kArya siddha ho jAye to tatkAl anya AkulatA miTAneke upAyamen lagatA hai. isaprakAr

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nauvAn adhikAr ][ 309
AkulatA miTAnekI AkulatA nirantar banI rahatI hai. yadi aisI AkulatA na rahe to vah
naye-naye viShayasevanAdi kAryommen kisaliye pravarttatA hai? isaliye sansAr-avasthAmen puNyake udayase
indra-ahamindrAdi pad prApta kare to bhI nirAkulatA nahIn hotI, dukhI hI rahatA hai. isaliye
sansAr-avasthA hitakArI nahIn hai.
tathA mokSha-avasthAmen kisI bhI prakArakI AkulatA nahIn rahI, isaliye AkulatA
miTAnekA upAy karanekA bhI prayojan nahIn hai; sadAkAl shAnt rasase sukhI rahate hain, isaliye
mokSha-avasthA hI hitakArI hai. pahale bhI sansAr-avasthAke dukhakA aur mokSha-avasthAke sukhakA
visheSh varNan kiyA hai, vah isI prayojanake artha kiyA hai. use bhI vichAr kar mokShako
hitarUp jAnakar mokShakA upAy karanA. sarva upadeshakA tAtparya itanA hai.
puruShArthase hI mokShaprApti
yahAn prashna hai ki mokShakA upAy kAlalabdhi Ane par bhavitavyAnusAr banatA hai, yA
mohAdike upashamAdi hone par banatA hai, yA apane puruShArthase udyam karane par banatA hai so
kaho. yadi pratham donon kAraN milane par banatA hai to hamen upadesh kisaliye dete ho?
aur puruShArthase banatA hai to upadesh sab sunate hain, unamen koI upAy kar sakatA hai, koI
nahIn kar sakatA; so kAraN kyA?
samAdhAna – ek kArya honemen anek kAraN milate hain. so mokShakA upAy banatA hai vahAn
to pUrvokta tInon hI kAraN milate hain aur nahIn banatA vahAn tInon hI kAraN nahIn milate. pUrvokta
tIn kAraN kahe unamen kAlalabdhi va honahAr to koI vastu nahIn hai; jis kAlamen kArya banatA
hai vahI kAlalabdhi aur jo kArya huA vahI honahAra. tathA jo karmake upashamAdik hain vah
pudgalakI shakti hai usakA AtmA kartAhartA nahIn hai. tathA puruShArthase udyam karate hain so yah
AtmAkA kArya hai; isalie AtmAko puruShArthase udyam karanekA upadesh dete hain.
vahAn yah AtmA jis kAraNase kAryasiddhi avashya ho us kAraNarUp udyam kare, vahAn
to anya kAraN milate hI milate hain aur kAryakI bhI siddhi hotI hI jAtI hai. tathA
jis kAraNase kAryakI siddhi ho athavA nahIn bhI ho, us kAraNarUp udyam kare, vahAn anya
kAraN milen to kAryasiddhi hotI hai, na milen to siddhi nahIn hotI.
so jinamatamen jo mokShakA upAy kahA hai, isase mokSha hotA hI hotA hai. isaliye
jo jIv puruShArthase jineshvarake upadeshAnusAr mokShakA upAy karatA hai usake kAlalabdhi va
honahAr bhI hue aur karmake upashamAdi hue hain to vah aisA upAy karatA hai. isaliye jo

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puruShArthase mokShakA upAy karatA hai, usako sarva kAraN milate hain aur usake avashya mokShakI
prApti hotI hai – aisA nishchay karanA. tathA jo jIv puruShArthase mokShakA upAy nahIn karatA usake
kAlalabdhi va honahAr bhI nahIn aur karmake upashamAdi nahIn hue hain to yah upAy nahIn karatA.
isaliye jo puruShArthase mokShakA upAy nahIn karatA, usako koI kAraN nahIn milate aur usako
mokShakI prApti nahIn hotI – aisA nishchay karanA.
tathA tU kahatA hai – upadesh to sabhI sunate hain, koI mokShakA upAy kar sakatA hai,
koI nahIn kar sakatA; so kAraN kyA?
usakA kAraN yahI hai ki jo upadesh sunakar puruShArtha karate hain ve mokShakA upAy
kar sakate hain aur jo puruShArtha nahIn karate ve mokShakA upAy nahIn kar sakate. upadesh to
shikShAmAtra hai, phal jaisA puruShArtha kare vaisA lagatA hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki dravyalingI muni mokShake artha gRuhasthapanA chhoDakar tapashcharaNAdi karatA hai,
vahAn puruShArtha to kiyA, kArya siddha nahIn huA; isaliye puruShArtha karanese to kuchh siddhi nahIn hai?
samAdhAna – anyathA puruShArthase phal chAhe to kaise siddhi ho? tapashcharaNAdi vyavahAr
sAdhanamen anurAgI hokar pravarte usakA phal shAstramen to shubhabandha kahA hai aur yah usase
mokSha chAhatA hai, kaise hogA? yah to bhram hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki bhramakA bhI to kAraN karma hI hai, puruShArtha kyA kare?
uttara – sachche upadeshase nirNay karane par bhram dUr hotA hai; parantu aisA puruShArtha nahIn
karatA, usIse bhram rahatA hai. nirNay karanekA puruShArtha kare – to bhramakA kAraN jo mohakarma,
usake bhI upashamAdi hon tab bhram dUr ho jAye; kyonki nirNay karate hue pariNAmonkI vishuddhatA
hotI hai, usase mohake sthiti-anubhAg ghaTate hain.
phi ra prashna hai ki nirNay karanemen upayog nahIn lagAtA, usakA bhI to kAraN karma hai?
samAdhAn : – ekendriyAdikake vichAr karanekI shakti nahIn hai, unake to karmakA hI kAraN
hai. isake to gnAnAvaraNAdikake kShayopashamase nirNay karanekI shakti huI hai, jahAn upayog lagAye
usIkA nirNay ho sakatA hai. parantu yah anya nirNay karanemen upayog lagAtA hai, yahAn upayog
nahIn lagAtA. so yah to isIkA doSh hai, karmakA to kuchh prayojan nahIn hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki samyaktva-chAritrakA ghAtak moh hai, usakA abhAv hue binA mokShakA
upAy kaise bane?

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nauvAn adhikAr ][ 311
uttara – tattvanirNay karanemen upayog na lagAye vah to isIkA doSh hai. tathA puruShArthase
tattvanirNayamen upayog lagAye tab svayamev hI mohakA abhAv hone par samyaktvAdirUp mokShake
upAyakA puruShArtha banatA hai. isaliye mukhyatAse to tattvanirNayamen upayog lagAnekA puruShArtha
karanA. tathA upadesh bhI dete hain, so yahI puruShArtha karAneke artha diyA jAtA hai, tathA is
puruShArthase mokShake upAyakA puruShArtha apane Ap siddha hogA.
aur tattvanirNay na karanemen kisI karmakA doSh hai nahIn, terA hI doSh hai; parantu tU
svayam to mahanta rahanA chAhatA hai aur apanA doSh karmAdikako lagAtA hai; so jin AgnA
mAne to aisI anIti sambhav nahIn hai. tujhe viShayakaShAyarUp hI rahanA hai, isaliye jhUTh bolatA
hai. mokShakI sachchI abhilAShA ho to aisI ukti kisaliye banAye? sAnsArik kAryommen apane
puruShArthase siddhi na hotI jAne, tathApi puruShArthase udyam kiyA karatA hai, yahAn puruShArtha kho
baiThA; isalie jAnate hain ki mokShako dekhAdekhI utkRuShTa kahatA hai; usakA svarUp pahichAnakar
use hitarUp nahIn jAnatA. hit jAnakar usakA udyam bane so na kare yah asambhav hai.
yahAn prashna hai ki tumane kahA so satya; parantu dravyakarmake udayase bhAvakarma hotA hai,
bhAvakarmase dravyakarmakA bandha hotA hai, tathA phi ra usake udayase bhAvakarma hotA hai — isI prakAr
anAdise paramparA hai, tab mokShakA upAy kaise ho?
samAdhAna – karmakA bandha va uday sadAkAl samAn hI hotA rahe tab to aisA hI hai;
parantu pariNAmonke nimittase pUrvabaddhakarmake bhI utkarShaN-apakarShaN-sankramaNAdi honese unakI shakti
hInAdhik hotI hai; isaliye unakA uday bhI manda-tIvra hotA hai. unake nimittase navIn bandha
bhI manda-tIvra hotA hai. isaliye sansArI jIvonko karmodayake nimittase kabhI gnAnAdik bahut
pragaT hote hain; kabhI thoDe pragaT hote hain; kabhI rAgAdik manda hote hain, kabhI tIvra hote hain.
isaprakAr parivartan hotA rahatA hai.
vahAn kadAchit sangnI panchendriy paryApta paryAy prApta kI, tab man dvArA vichAr karane
kI shakti huI. tathA isake kabhI tIvra rAgAdik hote hain kabhI manda hote hain. vahAn rAgAdikakA
tIvra uday honese to viShayakaShAyAdikake kAryommen hI pravRutti hotI hai. tathA rAgAdikakA manda
uday honese bAhya upadeshAdikakA nimitta bane aur svayam puruShArtha karake un upadeshAdikamen
upayogako lagAye to dharmakAryomen pravRutti ho; aur nimitta na bane va svayam puruShArtha na kare
to anya kAryommen hI pravarte, parantu manda rAgAdisahit pravarte. – aise avasaramen upadesh kAryakArI
hai.

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vichArashaktirahit jo ekendriyAdik hain, unake to upadesh samajhanekA gnAn hI nahIn hai;
aur tIvra rAgAdisahit jIvonkA upayog upadeshamen lagatA nahIn hai. isaliye jo jIv
vichArashaktisahit hon, tathA jinake rAgAdi manda hon; unhen upadeshake nimittase dharmakI prApti ho
jAye to unakA bhalA ho; tathA isI avasaramen puruShArtha kAryakArI hai.
ekendriyAdik to dharmakArya karanemen samartha hI nahIn hain, kaise puruShArtha karen? aur
tIvrakaShAyI puruShArtha kare to vah pApakA hI kare, dharmakAryakA puruShArtha ho nahIn sakatA.
isaliye jo vichArashaktisahit ho aur jisake rAgAdik manda hon – vah jIv puruShArthase
upadeshAdikake nimittase tattvanirNayAdimen upayog lagAye to usakA upayog vahAn lage aur tab
usakA bhalA ho. yadi is avasaramen bhI tattvanirNay karanekA puruShArtha na kare, pramAdase kAl
gamvAye – yA to mandarAgAdi sahit viShayakaShAyonke kAryommen hI pravarte, yA vyavahAradharmakAryommen pravarte;
tab avasar to chalA jAyegA aur sansAramen hI bhramaN hogA.
tathA is avasaramen jo jIv puruShArthase tattvanirNay karanemen upayog lagAnekA abhyAs
rakhen unakI vishuddhatA baDhegI; usase karmonkI shakti hIn hogI, kuchh kAlamen apane Ap
darshanamohakA upasham hogA; tab tattvonkI yathAvat pratIti AyegI. so isakA to kartavya
tattvanirNayakA abhyAs hI hai, isIse darshanamohakA upasham to svayamev hotA hai; usamen jIvakA
kartavya kuchh nahIn hai.
tathA usake hone par jIvake svayamev samyagdarshan hotA hai. aur samyagdarshan hone
par shraddhAn to yah huA ki ‘main AtmA hUn, mujhe rAgAdik nahIn karanA’; parantu chAritramohake
udayase rAgAdik hote hain. vahAn tIvra uday ho tab to viShayAdimen pravartatA hai aur manda
uday ho tab apane puruShArthase dharmakAryomen va vairAgyAdi bhAvanAmen upayogako lagAtA hai; usake
nimittase chAritramoh manda ho jAtA hai; – aisA hone par deshachAritra va sakalachAritra angIkAr
karanekA puruShArtha pragaT hotA hai. tathA chAritrako dhAraN karake apane puruShArthase dharmamen
pariNatiko baDhAye vahAn vishuddhatAse karmakI shakti hIn hotI hai, usase vishuddhatA baDhatI hai
aur usase karmakI shakti adhik hIn hotI hai. isaprakAr kramase mohakA nAsh kare tab sarvathA
pariNAm vishuddha hote hain, unake dvArA gnAnAvaraNAdik nAsh ho tab kevalagnAn pragaT hotA
hai. pashchAt vahAn binA upAy aghAti karmakA nAsh karake shuddha siddhapadako prApta karatA hai.
isaprakAr upadeshakA to nimitta bane aur apanA puruShArtha kare to karmakA nAsh hotA
hai.

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nauvAn adhikAr ][ 313
tathA jab karmakA uday tIvra ho tab puruShArtha nahIn ho sakatA; Uparake guNasthAnonse
bhI gir jAtA hai; vahAn to jaisI honahAr ho vaisA hotA hai. parantu jahAn manda uday ho
aur puruShArtha ho sake vahAn to pramAdI nahIn honA; sAvadhAn hokar apanA kArya karanA.
jaise – koI puruSh nadIke pravAhamen paDA bah rahA hai, vahAn pAnIkA jor ho tab to
usakA puruShArtha kuchh nahIn, upadesh bhI kAryakArI nahIn. aur pAnIkA jor thoDA ho tab
yadi puruShArtha karake nikale to nikal AyegA. usIko nikalanekI shikShA dete hain. aur
na nikale to dhIre-dhIre bahegA aur phi ra pAnIkA jor hone par bahatA chalA jAyegA. usI
prakAr jIv sansAramen bhramaN karatA hai, vahAn karmonkA tIvra uday ho tab to usakA puruShArtha
kuchh nahIn hai, upadesh bhI kAryakArI nahIn. aur karmakA manda uday ho tab puruShArtha karake
mokShamArgamen pravartan kare to mokSha prApta kar le. usIko mokShamArgakA upadesh dete hain. aur
mokShamArgamen pravartan nahIn kare to kinchit vishuddhatA pAkar phi ra tIvra uday Ane par nigodAdi
paryAyako prApta karegA.
isaliye avasar chUkanA yogya nahIn hai. ab, sarva prakArase avasar AyA hai, aisA
avasar prApta karanA kaThin hai. isaliye shrIguru dayAlu hokar mokShamArgakA upadesh dete hain, usamen
bhavyajIvonko pravRutti karanA.
mokShamArgakA svarUp
ab, mokShamArgakA svarUp kahate hain –
jinake nimittase AtmA ashuddha dashAko dhAraN karake dukhI huA – aise jo mohAdik
karma unakA sarvathA nAsh hone par keval AtmAkI sarva prakAr shuddha avasthAkA honA – vah mokSha
hai. usakA jo upAy – kAraN use mokShamArga jAnanA.
vahAn kAraN to anek prakArake hote hain. koI kAraN to aise hote hain jinake hue
binA to kArya nahIn hotA aur jinake hone par kArya ho yA na bhI ho. jaise – muniling dhAraN
kiye binA to mokSha nahIn hotA; parantu muniling dhAraN karane par mokSha hotA bhI hai aur nahIn
bhI hotA. tathA kitane hI kAraN aise hain ki mukhyata to jinake hone par kArya hotA hai,
parantu kisIke binA hue bhI kAryasiddhi hotI hai. jaise – anashanAdi bAhya-tapakA sAdhan karane
par mukhyata mokSha prApta karate hain; parantu bharatAdikake bAhya tap kiye binA hI mokShakI prApti
huI. tathA kitane hI kAraN aise hain jinake hone par kAryasiddhi hotI hI hotI hai aur jinake
na hone par sarvathA kAryasiddhi nahIn hotI. jaise – samyagdarshan-gnAn-chAritrakI ekatA hone par to

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314 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
mokSha hotA hai aur unake na hone par sarvathA mokSha nahIn hotA. – aise yah kAraN kahe, unamen
atishayapUrvak niyamase mokShakA sAdhak jo samyagdarshan-gnAn-chAritrakA ekIbhAv so mokShamArga
jAnanA. in samyagdarshan-samyaggnAn-samyakchAritramen ek bhI na ho to mokShamArga nahIn hotA.
vahI ‘sUtramen’ kahA hai – ‘‘samyagdarshanagnAnachAritrANi mokShamArga..’’ (tattvArthasUtra 1 – 1)
is sUtrakI TIkAmen kahA hai ki yahAn ‘‘mokShamArga’’ aisA ekavachan kahA, usakA artha
yah hai ki tInon milane par ek mokShamArga hai, alag-alag tIn mArga nahIn hain.
yahAn prashna hai ki asanyat samyagdRuShTike to chAritra nahIn hai, usako mokShamArga huA hai
yA nahIn huA hai?
samAdhAna – mokShamArga usake hogA, yah to niyam huA; isaliye upachArase isake mokShamArga
huA bhI kahate hain; paramArthase samyakchAritra hone par hI mokShamArga hotA hai. jaise – kisI puruShako
kisI nagar chalanekA nishchay huA; isaliye usako vyavahArase aisA bhI kahate hain ki ‘yah
us nagarako chalA hai’; paramArthase mArgamen gaman karane par hI chalanA hogA. usI prakAr
asanyatasamyagdRuShTiko vItarAgabhAvarUp mokShamArgakA shraddhAn huA; isaliye usako upachArase
mokShamArgI kahate hain; paramArthase vItarAgabhAvarUp pariNamit hone par hI mokShamArga hogA. tathA
pravachanasAramen bhI tInonkI ekAgratA hone par hI mokShamArga kahA hai. isaliye yah jAnanA ki
tattvashraddhAn-gnAn binA to rAgAdi ghaTAnese mokShamArga nahIn hai aur rAgAdi ghaTAye binA
tattvashraddhAn-gnAnase bhI mokShamArga nahIn hai. tInon milane par sAkShAt mokShamArga hotA hai.
ab, inakA nirdesh, lakShaNanirdesh aur parIkShAdvArase nirUpaN karate hain –
vahAn ‘samyagdarshan, samyaggnAn, samyakchAritra mokShakA mArga hai’ – aisA nAm mAtra kathan vah
to ‘nirdesh’ jAnanA.
tathA ativyApti, avyApti, asambhavapanese rahit ho aur jisase inako pahichAnA jAye
so ‘lakShaN’ jAnanA; usakA jo nirdesh arthAt nirUpaN so ‘lakShaNanirdesh’ jAnanA.
vahAn jisako pahichAnanA ho usakA nAm lakShya hai, usake sivA aurakA nAm alakShya
hai. so lakShya va alakShya donommen pAyA jAye, aisA lakShaN jahAn kahA jAye vahAn ativyAptipanA
jAnanA. jaise – AtmAkA lakShaN ‘amUrtattva’ kahA; so amUrtattvalakShaN lakShya jo AtmA hai usamen
bhI pAyA jAtA hai aur alakShya jo AkAshAdik hain unamen bhI pAyA jAtA hai; isaliye yah
‘ativyApta’ lakShaN hai. isake dvArA AtmAko pahichAnanese AkAshAdik bhI AtmA ho jAyenge;
yah doSh lagegA.

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nauvAn adhikAr ][ 315
tathA jo kisI lakShyamen to ho aur kisImen na ho, aise lakShyake ekadeshamen pAyA jAye –
aisA lakShaN jahAn kahA jAye vahAn avyAptipanA jAnanA. jaise – AtmAkA lakShaN kevalagnAnAdik
kahA jAye; so kevalagnAn kisI AtmAmen to pAyA jAtA hai, kisImen nahIn pAyA jAtA; isaliye
yah ‘avyApta’ lakShaN hai. isake dvArA AtmAko pahichAnanese alpagnAnI AtmA nahIn hogA;
yah doSh lagegA.
tathA jo lakShyamen pAyA hI nahIn jAye, aisA lakShaN jahAn kahA jAye – vahAn asambhavapanA
jAnanA. jaise – AtmAkA lakShaN jaDapanA kahA jAye; so pratyakShAdi pramANase yah viruddha hai;
kyonki yah ‘asambhav’ lakShaN hai. isake dvArA AtmA mAnanese pudgalAdik AtmA ho jAyenge
aur AtmA hai vah anAtmA ho jAyegA; yah doSh lagegA.
is prakAr ativyApta, avyApta tathA asambhavI lakShaN ho vah lakShaNAbhAs hai. tathA
lakShyamen to sarvatra pAyA jAye aur alakShyamen kahIn na pAyA jAye vah sachchA lakShaN hai. jaise –
AtmAkA svarUp chaitanya hai; so yah lakShaN sarva hI AtmAmen to pAyA jAtA hai, anAtmAmen kahIn
nahIn pAyA jAtA; isaliye yah sachchA lakShaN hai. isake dvArA AtmA mAnanese AtmA-anAtmAkA
yathArthagnAn hotA hai; kuchh doSh nahIn lagatA. isaprakAr lakShaNakA svarUp udAharaN mAtra kahA.
ab, samyagdarshanAdikakA sachchA lakShaN kahate hain –
samyadarshanakA sachchA lakShaN
viparItAbhinivesharahit jIvAdikatattvArthashraddhAn vah samyagdarshanakA lakShaN hai. jIv,
ajIv, Asrav, bandha, samvar, nirjarA, mokSha – yah sAt tattvArtha hain. inakA jo shraddhAn – ‘aisA
hI hai, anyathA nahIn hai’ – aisA pratItibhAv, so tattvArthashraddhAn; tathA viparItAbhinivesh jo anyathA
abhiprAy usase rahit; so samyagdarshan hai.
yahAn viparItAbhiniveshake nirAkaraNake artha ‘samyak’ pad kahA hai, kyonki ‘samyak’ aisA
shabda prashansAvAchak hai; vahAn shraddhAnamen viparItAbhiniveshakA abhAv hone par hI prashansA sambhav
hai, aisA jAnanA.
yahAn prashna hai ki ‘tattva’ aur ‘artha’ yah do pad kahe, unakA prayojan kyA?
samAdhAna – ‘tat’ shabda hai so ‘yat’ shabdakI apekShA sahit hai. isaliye jisakA prakaraN
ho use tat kahA jAtA hai aur jisakA jo bhAv arthAt svarUp so tattva jAnanA. kAraN
ki ‘tasya bhAvastattva’ aisA tattva shabdakA samAs hotA hai. tathA jo jAnanemen Aye aisA ‘dravya’
va ‘guN-paryAy’ usakA nAm artha hai. tathA ‘tattven arthastattvArtha’ tattva arthAt apanA svarUp,

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usase sahit padArtha unakA shraddhAn so samyagdarshan hai. yahAn yadi tattvashraddhAn hI kahate to jisakA
yah bhAv (tattva) hai, usake shraddhAn binA keval bhAvakA hI shraddhAn kAryakArI nahIn hai. tathA
yadi ‘arthashraddhAn’ hI kahate to bhAvake shraddhAn binA padArthakA shraddhAn bhI kAryakArI nahIn hai.
jaise – kisIko gnAn-darshanAdikakA to shraddhAn ho – yah jAnapanA hai, yah shvetapanA hai,
ityAdi pratIti ho; parantu gnAn-darshan AtmAkA svabhAv hai, main AtmA hUn tathA varNAdi pudgalakA
svabhAv hai, pudgal mujhase bhinna – alag padArtha hai; aisA padArthakA shraddhAn na ho to bhAvakA
shraddhAn kAryakArI nahIn hai. tathA jaise ‘main AtmA hUn’ – aisA shraddhAn kiyA; parantu AtmAkA
svarUp jaisA hai vaisA shraddhAn nahIn kiyA to bhAvake shraddhAn binA padArthakA bhI shraddhAn kAryakArI
nahIn hai. isaliye tattvasahit arthakA shraddhAn hotA hai so hI kAryakArI hai. athavA
jIvAdikako tattvasangnA bhI hai aur arthasangnA bhI hai, isaliye ‘tattvamevArthastattvArtha’ jo tattva
so hI artha, unakA shraddhAn so samyagdarshan hai.
is artha dvArA kahIn tattvashraddhAnako samyagdarshan kahe aur kahIn padArthashraddhAnako
samyagdarshan kahe, vahAn virodh nahIn jAnanA.
is prakAr ‘tattva’ aur ‘artha’ do pad kahanekA prayojan hai.
tattvArtha sAt hI kyon?
phi ra prashna hai ki tattvArtha to ananta hain. ve sAmAnya apekShAse jIv-ajIvamen sarva
garbhit hue; isaliye do hI kahanA the yA ananta kahanA the. AsravAdik to jIv-ajIvake
hI visheSh hain, inako alag kahanekA prayojan kyA?
samAdhAna – yadi yahAn padArthashraddhAn karanekA hI prayojan hotA tab to sAmAnyase yA
visheShase jaise sarva padArthonkA jAnanA ho, vaise hI kathan karate; vah to yahAn prayojan hai nahIn;
yahAn to mokShakA prayojan hai so jin sAmAnya yA visheSh bhAvonkA shraddhAn karanese mokSha ho
aur jinakA shraddhAn kiye binA mokSha na ho; unhInkA yahAn nirUpaN kiyA hai.
so jIv-ajIv yah do to bahut dravyonkI ek jAti-apekShA sAmAnyarUp tattva kahe.
yah donon jAti jAnanese jIvako ApAparakA shraddhAn ho – tab parase bhinna apaneko jAne, apane
hitake artha mokShakA upAy kare; aur apanese bhinna parako jAne, tab paradravyase udAsIn hokar
rAgAdik tyAg kar mokShamArgamen pravarte. isaliye in do jAtiyonkA shraddhAn hone par hI mokSha
hotA hai aur do jAtiyAn jAne binA ApAparakA shraddhAn na ho tab paryAyabuddhise sAnsArik
prayojanakA hI upAy karatA hai. paradravyamen rAgadveSharUp hokar pravarte, tab mokShamArgamen kaise pravarte?

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nauvAn adhikAr ][ 317
isaliye in do jAtiyonkA shraddhAn na hone par mokSha nahIn hotA. isaprakAr yah do sAmAnya
tattva to avashya shraddhAn karane yogya kahe hain.
tathA AsravAdi pAnch kahe, ve jIv-pudgalakI paryAy hain; isaliye yah visheSharUp tattva
hain; so in pAnch paryAyonko jAnanese mokShakA upAy karanekA shraddhAn hotA hai.
vahAn mokShako pahichAne to use hit mAnakar usakA upAy kare; isaliye mokShakA shraddhAn
karanA.
tathA mokShakA upAy samvar-nirjarA hai; so inako pahichAne to jaise samvar-nirjarA ho vaise
pravarte, isaliye samvar-nirjarAkA shraddhAn karanA.
tathA samvar-nirjarA to abhAvalakShaN sahit hain; isaliye jinakA abhAv karanA hai unako
pahichAnanA chAhiye. jaise – krodhakA abhAv hone par kShamA hotI hai; so krodhako pahichAne to
usakA abhAv karake kShamArUp pravartan kare. usI prakAr AsravakA abhAv hone par samvar
hotA hai aur bandhakA ekadesh abhAv hone par nirjarA hotI hai; so Asrav-bandhako pahichAne
to unakA nAsh karake samvar-nirjarArUp pravartan kare; isaliye Asrav-bandhakA shraddhAn karanA.
is prakAr in pAnch paryAyonkA shraddhAn hone par hI mokShamArga hotA hai, inako na pahichAne
to mokShakI pahichAn binA usakA kisaliye kare? samvar-nirjarAkI pahichAn binA unamen kaise
pravartan kare? Asrav-bandhakI pahichAn binA unakA nAsh kaise kare? – isaprakAr in pAnch
paryAyonkA shraddhAn na hone par mokShamArga nahIn hotA.
isaprakAr yadyapi tattvArtha ananta hain, unakA sAmAnya-visheShase anek prakAr prarUpaN ho;
parantu yahAn ek mokShakA prayojan hai; isaliye do to jAti-apekShA sAmAnyatattva aur pAnch
paryAyarUp visheShatattva milAkar sAt hI kahe.
inake yathArtha shraddhAnake AdhIn mokShamArga hai. inake sivA auronkA shraddhAn ho yA
na ho yA anyathA shraddhAn ho; kisIke AdhIn mokShamArga nahIn hai aisA jAnanA.
tathA kahIn puNya-pApasahit nav padArtha kahe hain; so puNya-pAp AsravAdikake hI visheSh
hain, isaliye sAt tattvommen garbhit hue. athavA puNya-pApakA shraddhAn hone par puNyako mokShamArga
na mAne, yA svachchhandI hokar pAparUp na pravarte; isaliye mokShamArgamen inakA shraddhAn bhI upakArI
jAnakar do tattva visheShake visheSh milAkar navapadArtha kahe. tathA samayasArAdimen inako navatattva
bhI kahA hai.
phi ra prashna – inakA shraddhAn samyagdarshan kahA; so darshan to sAmAnya avalokanamAtra aur

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318 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
shraddhAn pratItimAtra; inake ekArthapanA kis prakAr sambhav hai?
uttara – prakaraNake vashase dhAtukA artha anyathA hotA hai. so yahAn prakaraN mokShamArgakA
hai. usamen ‘darshan’ shabdakA artha sAmAnya avalokanamAtra nahIn grahaN karanA, kyonki chakShu-
achakShudarshanase sAmAnya avalokan to samyagdRuShTi-mithyAdRuShTike samAn hotA hai, kuchh isase
mokShamArgakI pravRutti-apravRutti nahIn hotI. tathA shraddhAn hotA hai so samyagdRuShTike hI hotA hai,
isase mokShamArgakI pravRutti hotI hai. isaliye ‘darshan’ shabdakA artha bhI yahAn shraddhAnamAtra hI
grahaN karanA.
phi ra prashna – yahAn viparItAbhinivesharahit shraddhAn karanA kahA, so prayojan kyA?
samAdhAna – abhinivesh nAm abhiprAyakA hai. so jaisA tattvArthashraddhAnakA abhiprAy hai
vaisA na ho, anyathA abhiprAy ho, usakA nAm viparItAbhinivesh hai. tattvArthashraddhAn karanekA
abhiprAy keval unakA nishchay karanA mAtra hI nahIn hai; vahAn abhiprAy aisA hai ki jIv-
ajIvako pahichAnakar apaneko tathA parako jaisAkA taisA mAne, tathA Asravako pahichAnakar
use hey mAne, tathA bandhako pahichAnakar use ahit mAne, tathA samvarako pahichAnakar use
upAdey mAne, tathA nirjarAko pahichAnakar use hitakA kAraN mAne, tathA mokShako pahichAnakar
usako apanA paramahit mAne – aisA tattvArthashraddhAnakA abhiprAy hai; usase ulaTe abhiprAyakA nAm
viparItAbhinivesh hai. sachchA tattvArthashraddhAn hone par isakA abhAv hotA hai. isaliye
tattvArthashraddhAn hai so viparItAbhinivesharahit hai – aisA yahAn kahA hai.
athavA kisIke AbhAsamAtra tattvArthashraddhAn hotA hai; parantu abhiprAyamen viparItapanA nahIn
chhUTatA. kisI prakArase pUrvokta abhiprAyase anyathA abhiprAy antarangamen pAyA jAtA hai to usake
samyagdarshan nahIn hotA. jaise – dravyalingI muni jinavachanonse tattvonkI pratIti kare, parantu sharIrAshrit
kriyAommen ahankAr tathA puNyAsravamen upAdeyapanA ityAdi viparIt abhiprAyase mithyAdRuShTi hI rahatA
hai. isaliye jo tattvArthashraddhAn viparItAbhinivesh rahit hai, vahI samyagdarshan hai.
isaprakAr viparItAbhinivesharahit jIvAdi tattvArthonkA shraddhAnapanA so samyagdarshanakA lakShaN
hai, samyagdarshan lakShya hai.
vahI tattvArthasUtramen kahA hai –
‘‘tattvArthashraddhAnan samyagdarshanam’’..1-2..
tattvArthonkA shraddhAn vahI samyagdarshan hai.
tathA sarvArthasiddhi nAmak sUtronkI TIkA hai – usamen tattvAdik padonkA artha pragaT likhA

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nauvAn adhikAr ][ 319
hai tathA sAth hI tattva kaise kahe so prayojan likhA hai. usake anusAr yahAn kuchh kathan
kiyA hai aisA jAnanA.
tathA puruShArthasiddhayupAyamen bhI isIprakAr kahA hai –
jIvAjIvAdInAn tattvArthAnAn sadaiv kartavyam.
shraddhAnan viparItAbhiniveshaviviktamAtmarUpan tat..22..
artha – viparItAbhiniveshase rahit jIv-ajIvAdi tattvArthonkA shraddhAn sadAkAl karanA
yogya hai. yah shraddhAn AtmAkA svarUp hai, darshan moh upAdhi dUr hone par pragaT hotA
hai, isaliye AtmAkA svabhAv hai. chaturthAdi guNasthAnamen pragaT hotA hai, pashchAt siddha avasthAmen
bhI sadAkAl isakA sadbhAv rahatA hai – aisA jAnanA.
tattvArthashraddhAn lakShaNamen avyApti, ativyApti aur asambhav doShakA parihAr
yahAn prashna utpanna hotA hai ki tiryanchAdi tuchchhagnAnI kitane hI jIv sAt tattvonkA
nAm bhI nahIn jAn sakate, unake bhI samyagdarshanakI prApti shAstramen kahI hai; isaliye tumane
tattvArthashraddhAnapanA samyaktvakA lakShaN kahA, usamen avyApti dUShaN lagatA hai?
samAdhAna – jIv-ajIvAdikake nAmAdik jAno yA na jAno yA anyathA jAno, unakA
svarUp yathArtha pahichAnakar shraddhAn karane par samyaktva hotA hai.
vahAn koI sAmAnyarUpase svarUpako pahichAnakar shraddhAn karatA hai, koI visheSharUpase
svarUpako pahichAnakar shraddhAn karatA hai. isaliye jo tuchchhagnAnI tiryanchAdik samyagdRuShTi hain ve
jIvAdikakA nAm bhI nahIn jAnate, tathApi unakA sAmAnyarUpase svarUp pahichAnakar shraddhAn karate
hain, isaliye unake samyaktvakI prApti hotI hai.
jaise – koI tiryanch apanA tathA auronkA nAmAdik to nahIn jAnatA; parantu Apamen hI
apanatva mAnatA hai auronko par mAnatA hai. usI prakAr tuchchhagnAnI jIv-ajIvakA nAm nahIn
jAnatA; parantu jo gnAnAdisvarUp AtmA hai usamen to apanatva mAnatA hai aur jo sharIrAdi
hain unako par mAnatA hai – aisA shraddhAn usake hotA hai; vahI jIv-ajIvakA shraddhAn hai. tathA
jaise vahI tiryanch sukhAdikake nAmAdik nahIn jAnatA hai, tathApi sukh-avasthAko pahichAnakar
usake artha AgAmI dukhake kAraNako pahichAnakar usakA tyAg karanA chAhatA hai, tathA jo
dukhakA kAraN ban rahA hai usake abhAvakA upAy karatA hai. usI prakAr tuchchhagnAnI
mokShAdikakA nAm nahIn jAnatA, tathApi sarvathA sukharUp mokSha-avasthAkA shraddhAn karatA huA
usake artha AgAmI bandhakA kAraN jo rAgAdik Asrav usake tyAgarUp samvar karanA chAhatA

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320 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
hai, tathA jo sansAr dukhakA kAraN hai usakI shuddhabhAvase nirjarA karanA chAhatA hai. isaprakAr
AsravAdikakA usake shraddhAn hai.
isaprakAr usake bhI saptatattvakA shraddhAn pAyA jAtA hai. yadi aisA shraddhAn na ho
to rAgAdi tyAgakar shuddhabhAv karanekI chAh na ho. vahI kahate hain –
yadi jIv - ajIvakI jAti na jAnakar ApAparako na pahichAne to paramen rAgAdik kaise
na kare? rAgAdikako na pahichAne to unakA tyAg kaise karanA chAhe? ve rAgAdik hI Asrav
hain. rAgAdikakA phal burA na jAne to kisaliye rAgAdik chhoDanA chAhe? un rAgAdikakA
phal vahI bandha hai. tathA rAgAdirahit pariNAmako pahichAnatA hai to usarUp honA chAhatA
hai. us rAgAdirahit pariNAmakA hI nAm samvar hai. tathA pUrva sansAr avasthAke kAraNakI
hAniko pahichAnatA hai to usake artha tapashcharaNAdise shuddhabhAv karanA chAhatA hai. us pUrva
avasthAkA kAraN karma hai, usakI hAni vahI nirjarA hai. tathA sansAr-avasthAke abhAvako
na pahichAne to samvar-nirjarArUp kisaliye pravarte? us sansAr-avasthAkA abhAv vahI mokSha hai.
isaliye sAton tattvonkA shraddhAn hone par hI rAgAdik chhoDakar shuddhabhAv honekI ichchhA utpanna
hotI hai. yadi inamen ek bhI tattvakA shraddhAn na ho to aisI chAh utpanna nahIn hotI.
tathA aisI chAh tuchchhagnAnI tiryanchAdi samyagdRuShTike hotI hI hai; isaliye usake sAt tattvonkA
shraddhAn pAyA jAtA hai aisA nishchay karanA. gnAnAvaraNakA kShayopasham thoDA honese visheSharUpase
tattvonkA gnAn na ho, tathApi darshanamohake upashamAdikase sAmAnyarUpase tattvashraddhAnakI shakti pragaT
hotI hai. isaprakAr is lakShaNamen avyApti dUShaN nahIn hai.
phi ra prashna – jis kAlamen samyagdRuShTi viShayakaShAyonke kAryamen pravartatA hai us kAlamen sAt
tattvonkA vichAr hI nahIn hai, vahAn shraddhAn kaise sambhavit hai? aur samyaktva rahatA hI hai;
isaliye us lakShaNamen avyApti dUShaN AtA hai?
samAdhAna – vichAr hai vah to upayogake AdhIn hai; jahAn upayog lage usIkA vichAr
hotA hai. tathA shraddhAn hai so pratItirUp hai. isaliye anya gneyakA vichAr hone par va
sonA Adi kriyA hone par tattvonkA vichAr nahIn hai; tathApi unakI pratIti banI rahatI hai,
naShTa nahIn hotI; isaliye usake samyaktvakA sadbhAv hai.
jaise – kisI rogI manuShyako aisI pratIti hai ki main manuShya hUn, tiryanchAdi nahIn hUn, mujhe
is kAraNase rog huA hai, ab kAraN miTAkar rogako ghaTAkar nirog honA. tathA vahI
manuShya anya vichArAdirUp pravartatA hai, tab usako aisA vichAr nahIn hotA, parantu shraddhAn aisA

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nauvAn adhikAr ][ 321
hI rahA karatA hai. usI prakAr is AtmAko aisI pratIti hai ki ‘main AtmA hUn, pudgalAdi
nahIn hUn, mere Asravase bandha huA hai, so ab, samvar karake, nirjarA karake, mokSharUp honA.’
tathA vahI AtmA anya vichArAdirUp pravartatA hai tab usake aisA vichAr nahIn hotA, parantu
shraddhAn aisA hI rahA karatA hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki aisA shraddhAn rahatA hai to bandha honeke kAraNommen kaise pravartatA hai?
uttara – jaise vahI manuShya kisI kAraNake vash rog baDhane ke kAraNommen bhI pravartatA hai,
vyApArAdik kArya va krodhAdik kArya karatA hai, tathApi us shraddhAnakA usake nAsh nahIn hotA;
usI prakAr vahI AtmA karma-uday nimittake vash bandha honeke kAraNommen bhI pravartatA hai, viShay-
sevanAdi kArya va krodhAdi kArya karatA hai, tathApi us shraddhAnakA use nAsh nahIn hotA.
isakA visheSh nirNay Age karenge.
isaprakAr sapta tattvakA vichAr na hone par bhI shraddhAnakA sadbhAv pAyA jAtA hai,
isaliye vahAn avyAptipanA nahIn hai.
phi ra prashna – uchcha dashAmen jahAn nirvikalpa AtmAnubhav hotA hai vahAn to sapta tattvAdikake
vikalpakA bhI niShedh kiyA hai. so samyaktvake lakShaNakA niShedh karanA kaise sambhav hai?
aur vahAn niShedh sambhav hai to avyApti dUShaN AyA?
uttara – nichalI dashAmen sapta tattvonke vikalpommen upayog lagAyA, usase pratItiko dRuDh
kiyA aur viShayAdikase upayog chhuDAkar rAgAdi ghaTAye. tathA kArya siddha hone par kAraNonkA
bhI niShedh karate hain; isaliye jahAn pratIti bhI dRuDh huI aur rAgAdik dUr hue, vahAn upayog
bhramAnekA khed kisaliye karen? isaliye vahAn un vikalponkA niShedh kiyA hai. tathA samyaktvakA
lakShaN to pratIti hI hai; so pratItikA to niShedh nahIn kiyA. yadi pratIti chhuDAI ho to
is lakShaNakA niShedh kiyA kahA jAye, so to hai nahIn. sAton tattvonkI pratIti vahAn bhI
banI rahatI hai, isaliye yahAn avyAptipanA nahIn hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki chhadmasthake to pratIti-apratIti kahanA sambhav hai, isaliye vahAn sapta
tattvonkI pratIti samyaktvakA lakShaN kahA so hamane mAnA; parantu kevalI – siddha bhagavAnake to
sarvakA jAnapanA samAnarUp hai, vahAn sapta tattvonkI pratIti kahanA sambhav nahIn hai aur unake
samyaktvaguN pAyA hI jAtA hai, isaliye vahAn us lakShaNakA avyAptipanA AyA?
samAdhAna – jaise chhadmasthake shrutagnAnake anusAr pratIti pAyI jAtI hai, usI prakAr
kevalI – siddhabhagavAnake kevalagnAnake anusAr pratIti pAyI jAtI hai. jo sapta tattvonkA svarUp
pahale ThIk kiyA thA, vahI kevalagnAn dvArA jAnA, vahAn pratItikA paramAvagADhapanA huA; isIse

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paramAvagADh samyaktva kahA. jo pahale shraddhAn kiyA thA, usako jhUTh jAnA hotA to vahAn
apratIti hotI; so to jaisA sapta tattvonkA shraddhAn chhadmasthake huA thA, vaisA hI kevalI –
siddha bhagavAnake pAyA jAtA hai; isaliye gnAnAvaraNAdikakI hInatA – adhikatA hone par bhI
tiryanchAdik va kevalI – siddha bhagavAnake samyaktvaguN samAn hI kahA hai.
tathA pUrva-avasthAmen yah mAnA thA ki samvar – nirjarAse mokShakA upAy karanA. pashchAt
mukta avasthA hone par aisA mAnane lage ki samvar-nirjarAse hamArA mokSha huA. tathA pahale
gnAnakI hInatAse jIvAdikake thoDe visheSh jAne the, pashchAt kevalagnAn hone par unake sarva
visheSh jAne; parantu mUlabhUt jIvAdikake svarUpakA shraddhAn jaisA chhadmasthake pAyA jAtA hai vaisA
hI kevalIke pAyA jAtA hai. tathA yadyapi kevalI – siddha bhagavAn anya padArthonko bhI pratIti
sahit jAnate hain, tathApi ve padArtha prayojanabhUt nahIn hain; isaliye samyaktvaguNamen sapta tattvonkA
hI shraddhAn grahaN kiyA hai. kevalI – siddhabhagavAn rAgAdirUp nahIn pariNamit hote, sansAr-
avasthAko nahIn chAhate; so yah is shraddhAnakA bal jAnanA.
phi ra prashna hai ki samyagdarshanako to mokShamArga kahA thA, mokShamen isakA sadbhAv kaise
kahate hain?
uttara – koI kAraN aisA bhI hotA hai jo kArya siddha hone par bhI naShTa nahIn hotA.
jaise – kisI vRukShake kisI ek shAkhAse anek shAkhAyukta avasthA huI, usake hone par vah
ek shAkhA naShTa nahIn hotI; usI prakAr kisI AtmAke samyaktvaguNase anek guNayukta mukta
avasthA huI, usake hone par samyaktvaguN naShTa nahIn hotA. is prakAr kevalI – siddhabhagavAnake
bhI tattvArthashraddhAnalakShaN samyaktva hI pAyA jAtA hai, isaliye vahAn avyAptipanA nahIn hai.
phi ra prashna – mithyAdRuShTike bhI tattvashraddhAn hotA hai — aisA shAstramen nirUpaN hai.
pravachanasAramen AtmagnAnashUnya tattvashraddhAn akAryakArI kahA hai; isaliye samyaktvakA lakShaN
tattvArthashraddhAn kahane par usamen ativyApti dUShaN lagatA hai?
samAdhAna – mithyAdRuShTike jo tattvashraddhAn kahA hai, vah nAmanikShepase kahA hai – jisamen
tattvArthashraddhAnakA guN nahIn aur vyavahAramen jisakA nAm tattvashraddhAn kahA jAye vah mithyAdRuShTike
hotA hai; athavA AgamadravyanikShepase hotA hai – tattvArthashraddhAnake pratipAdak shAstronkA abhyAs
karatA hai, unakA svarUp nishchay karanemen upayog nahIn lagAtA hai – aisA jAnanA. tathA yahAn
samyaktvakA lakShaN tattvArthashraddhAn kahA hai, so bhAvanikShepase kahA hai. aisA guNasahit sachchA
tattvArthashraddhAn mithyAdRuShTike kadAchit nahIn hotA. tathA AtmagnAnashUnya tattvArthashraddhAn kahA hai
vahAn bhI vahI artha jAnanA. jisake sachche jIv-ajIvAdikA shraddhAn ho usake AtmagnAn kaise