Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (English transliteration). Chautha Adhyay.

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tIsarA adhikAr ][ 63
pudgalaparAvartan mAtra hai aur pudgalaparAvartanakA kAl aisA hai jisake anantaven bhAgamen bhI ananta
sAgar hote hain. isalie is sansArIke mukhyata ekendriy paryAyamen hI kAl vyatIt hotA hai.
vahAn ekendriyake gnAn-darshanakI shakti to kinchitmAtra hI rahatI hai. ek sparshan indriyake
nimittase huA matignAn aur usake nimittase huA shrutagnAn tathA sparshan indriyajanit
achakShudarshan — jinake dvArA shIt-uShNAdikako kinchit jAnate-dekhate hain. gnAnAvaraN-darshanAvaraNake
tIvra udayase isase adhik gnAn-darshan nahIn pAye jAte aur viShayonkI ichchhA pAyI jAtI hai
jisase mahA dukhI hain. tathA darshanamohake udayase mithyAdarshan hotA hai usase paryAyakA hI
apanerUp shraddhAn karate hain, anya vichAr karanekI shakti hI nahIn hai.
tathA chAritramohake udayase tIvra krodhAdik-kaShAyarUp pariNamit hote hain; kyonki unake
kevalIbhagavAnane kRiShNa, nIl, kApot yah tIn ashubh leshyA hI kahI hain aur ve tIvra kaShAy
hone par hI hotI hain. vahAn kaShAy to bahut hai aur shakti sarva prakArase mahA hIn hai,
isalie bahut dukhI ho rahe hain, kuchh upAy nahIn kar sakate.
yahAn koI kahe ki — gnAn to kinchitmAtra hI rahA hai, phi ra ve kyA kaShAy karate hain?
samAdhAna — aisA koI niyam to hai nahIn ki jitanA gnAn ho utanI hI kaShAy ho.
gnAn to jitanA kShayopasham ho utanA hotA hai. jaise kisI andhe-bahare puruShako gnAn thoDA
hone par bhI bahut kaShAy hotI dikhAI detI hai, usI prakAr ekendriyake gnAn thoDA hone
par bhI bahut kaShAy honA mAnA gayA hai.
tathA bAhya kaShAy pragaT tab hotI hai, jab kaShAyake anusAr kuchh upAy kare, parantu
ve shaktihIn hain, isaliye upAy kuchh kar nahIn sakate, isase unakI kaShAy pragaT nahIn hotI.
jaise koI puruSh shaktihIn hai, usako kisI kAraNase tIvra kaShAy ho, parantu kuchh kar nahIn
sakatA, isaliye usakI kaShAy bAhyamen pragaT nahIn hotI, vah ati dukhI hotA hai; usI prakAr
ekendriy jIv shaktihIn hain; unako kisI kAraNase kaShAy hotI hai, parantu kuchh kar nahIn
sakate, isaliye unakI kaShAy bAhyamen pragaT nahIn hotI, ve svayam hI dukhI hote hain.
tathA aisA jAnanA ki jahAn kaShAy bahut ho aur shakti hIn ho vahAn bahut dukh
hotA hai aur jyon jyon kaShAy kam hotI jAye tathA shakti baDhatI jAye tyon-tyon dukh kam
hotA hai. parantu ekendriyonke kaShAy bahut aur shakti hIn, isaliye ekendriy jIv mahA
dukhI hain. unake dukh ve hI bhogate hain aur kevalI jAnate hain. jaise — sannipAt ke rogIkA
gnAn kam ho jAye aur bAhya shaktikI hInatAse apanA dukh pragaT bhI na kar sake, parantu

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64 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
vah mahA dukhI hai. usI prakAr ekendriyakA gnAn to thoDA hai aur bAhya shaktihInatAke
kAraN apanA dukh pragaT bhI nahIn kar sakatA, parantu mahA dukhI hai.
tathA antarAyake tIvra udayase chAhA huA bahut nahIn hotA, isalie bhI dukhI hI
hote hain.
tathA aghAti karmommen visheSharUpase pApaprakRitiyonkA uday hai; vahAn asAtAvedanIyakA uday
hone par usake nimittase mahA dukhI hote hain. vanaspati hai so pavanase TUTatI hai, shIt-uShNatAse
sUkh jAtI hai, jal na milanese sUkh jAtI hai, agnise jal jAtI hai; usako koI chhedatA
hai, bhedatA hai, masalatA hai, khAtA hai, toDatA hai — ityAdi avasthA hotI hai. usI prakAr
yathAsambhav pRithvI Adimen avasthAen hotI hain. un avasthAonke honese ve mahA dukhI hote
hain.
jis prakAr manuShyake sharIramen aisI avasthA hone par dukh hotA hai usI prakAr unake
hotA hai. kyonki inakA jAnapanA sparshan indriyase hotA hai aur unake sparshan indriy hai
hI, usake dvArA unhen jAnakar mohake vashase mahA vyAkul hote hain; parantu bhAganekI, laDanekI
yA pukAranekI shakti nahIn hai, isaliye agnAnI log unake dukhako nahIn jAnate. tathA kadAchit
kinchit sAtAkA uday hotA hai, parantu vah balavAn nahIn hotA.
tathA Ayukarmase in ekendriy jIvommen jo aparyApta hain unake to paryAyakI sthiti
uchchhvAsake aThArahaven bhAg mAtra hI hai, aur paryAptonkI antarmUhUrta Adi kitane hI varSha paryanta
hai. vahAn Ayu thoDA honese janma-maraN hote hI rahate hain usase dukhI hain.
tathA nAmakarmamen tiryanchagati Adi pApaprakRitiyonkA hI uday visheSharUpase pAyA jAtA hai.
kisI hIn puNyaprakRitikA uday ho usakA balavAnapanA nahIn hotA, isaliye unase bhI mohake
vashase dukhI hote hain.
tathA gotrakarmamen nIch gotrahIkA uday hai, isaliye mahantatA nahIn hotI, isaliye bhI
dukhI hI hain.
isaprakAr ekendriy jIv mahA dukhI hain aur is sansAramen jaise pAShAN AdhAr par
to bahut kAl rahatA hai, nirAdhAr AkAshamen to kadAchit kinchitmAtra kAl rahatA hai; usIprakAr
jIv ekendriy paryAyamen bahut kAl rahatA hai, anya paryAyommen to kadAchit kinchitmAtra kAl
rahatA hai; isaliye yah jIv sansAramen mahA dukhI hai.

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tIsarA adhikAr ][ 65
vikalatray va asangnI panchendriy jIvonke dukh
tathA jIv dvIndriy, trIndriy, chaturindriy, asangnI panchendriy paryAyonko dhAraN kare vahAn
bhI ekendriyavat dukh jAnanA. visheSh itanA ki — yahAn kramase ek-ek indriyajanit gnAn-
darshanakI tathA kuchh shaktikI adhikatA huI hai aur bolane-chAlanekI shakti huI hai. vahAn bhI
jo aparyApta hain tathA paryApta bhI hInashaktike dhArak hain; chhoTe jIv hain, unakI shakti pragaT
nahIn hotI. tathA kitane hI paryApta bahut shaktike dhArak baDe jIv hain unakI shakti pragaT
hotI hai; isaliye ve jIv viShayonkA upAy karate hain, dukh dUr honekA upAy karate hain.
krodhAdikase kATanA, mAranA, laDanA, chhal karanA, annAdikA sangrah karanA, bhAganA ityAdi kArya
karate hain; dukhase taDaph DAnA, pukAranA ityAdi kriyA karate hain; isaliye unakA dukh kuchh pragaT
bhI hotA hai. is prakAr laT, kIDI Adi jIvonko shIt, uShNa, chhedan, bhedanAdikase tathA
bhUkh-pyAs Adise param dukhI dekhate hain. jo pratyakSha dikhAI detA hai usakA vichAr kar
lenA. yahAn visheSh kyA likhen?
is prakAr dvIndriyAdik jIvonko bhI mahA dukhI hI jAnanA.
sangnI panchendriy jIvonke dukh
narak gatike dukh
tathA sangnI panchendriyommen nArakI jIv hain ve to sarva prakArase bahut dukhI hain. unamen
gnAnAdikI shakti kuchh hai, parantu viShayonkI ichchhA bahut hai aur iShTa viShayonkI sAmagrI kinchit
bhI nahIn milatI, isalie us shaktike honese bhI bahut dukhI hain. unake krodhAdi kaShAyakI
ati tIvratA pAyI jAtI hai; kyonki unake kRuShNAdi ashubh leshyA hI hain.
vahAn krodh – mAnase paraspar dukh denekA kArya nirantar pAyA jAtA hai. yadi paraspar
mitratA karen to dukh miT jAye. aur anyako dukh denese unakA kuchh kArya bhI nahIn hotA,
parantu krodh – mAnakI ati tIvratA pAyI jAtI hai usase paraspar dukh denekI hI buddhi rahatI
hai. vikriyA dvArA anyako dukhadAyak sharIrake ang banAte hain tathA shastrAdi banAte hain.
unake dvArA dUsaronko svayam pIDA dete hain aur svayamko koI aur pIDA detA hai. kabhI kaShAy
upashAnta nahIn hotI. tathA unamen mAyA – lobhakI bhI ati tIvratA hai, parantu koI iShTa sAmagrI
vahAn dikhAI nahIn detI, isaliye un kaShAyonkA kArya pragaT nahIn kar sakate; unase antarangamen
mahA-dukhI hain. tathA kadAchit kinchit koI prayojan pAkar unakA bhI kArya hotA hai.
tathA hAsya-rati kaShAy hain, parantu bAhya nimitta nahIn hain, isaliye pragaT hote nahIn hain,

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66 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
kadAchit kinchit kisI kAraNase hote hain. tathA arati-shok-bhay-jugupsAke bAhya kAraN ban
rahe hain, isaliye ve kaShAyen tIvra pragaT hotI hain. tathA vedommen napunsakaved hai, so ichchhA to
bahut aur strI-puruShonse ramaN karanekA nimitta nahIn hai, isaliye mahA pIDit hain.
is prakAr kaShAyon dvArA ati dukhI hain.
tathA vedanIyamen asAtA hI kA uday hai usase vahAn anek vedanAonke nimitta hain, sharIramen
kuShTha, kAs, shvAsAdi anek rog yugapat pAye jAte hain aur kShudhA, tRuShA aisI hai ki sarvakA
bhakShaN-pAn karanA chAhate hain, aur vahAnkI miTTIkA hI bhojan milatA hai, vah miTTI bhI aisI
hai ki yadi yahAn A jAye to usakI durgandhase kaI kosonke manuShya mar jAyen. aur vahAn shIt,
uShNatA aisI hai ki yadi lAkh yojanakA lohekA golA ho to vah bhI unase bhasma ho jAye.
kahIn shIt hai kahIn uShNatA hai. tathA pRithvI vahAn shastronse bhI mahAtIkShNa kanTakon sahit hai.
us pRithvImen jo van hain ve shastrakI dhAr samAn patrAdi sahit hain. nadI aise jal yukta hai ki
jisakA sparsha hone par sharIr khaNDa-khaNDa ho jAye. pavan aisA prachaNDa hai ki usase sharIr
dagdha ho jAtA hai. tathA nArakI ek-dUsareko anek prakArase pIDA dete hain, ghAnImen pelate hain,
khaNDa-khaNDa kar DAlate hain, hanDiyommen rAndhate hain, koDe mArate hain, tapta lohAdikakA sparsha karAte
hain — ityAdi vedanA utpanna karate hain. tIsarI pRithvI tak asurakumAr dev jAte hain. ve svayam
pIDA dete hain aur paraspar laDAte hain. aisI vedanA hone par bhI sharIr chhUTatA nahIn hai, pArekI
bhAnti khaNDa-khaNDa ho jAne par bhI mil jAtA hai. — aisI mahA pIDA hai.
tathA sAtAkA nimitta to kuchh hai nahIn. kisI anshamen kadAchit kisIko apanI mAnyatAse
kisI kAraN-apekShA sAtAkA uday hotA hai to vah balavAn nahIn hotA. Ayu vahAn bahut hai.
jaghanya Ayu das hajAr varSha tathA utkRuShTa Ayu tetIs sAgar hai. itane kAl tak vahAn aise
dukh sahane paDate hain. vahAn nAmakarmakI sarva pApaprakRitiyonkA hI uday hai, ek bhI puNyaprakRitikA
uday nahIn hai; unase mahA dukhI hain. tathA gotramen nIch gotrakA hI uday hai usase mahantatA
nahIn hotI, isaliye dukhI hI hain. — is prakAr narakagatimen mahA dukh jAnanA.
tiryanch gatike dukh
tathA tiryanchagatimen bahut labghi-aparyApta jIv hain. unakI to uchchhvAsake aThArahaven bhAg-
mAtra Ayu hai. tathA kitane hI paryApta bhI chhoTe jIv hain, parantu unakI shakti pragaT bhAsit
nahIn hotI. unake dukh ekendriyavat jAnanA; gnAnAdikakA visheSh hai so visheSh jAnanA.
tathA baDe paryApta jIv kitane hI sammUrchchhan hain, kitane hI garbhaj hain. unamen gnAnAdik pragaT

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tIsarA adhikAr ][ 67
hote hain, parantu ve viShayonkI ichchhAse Akulit hain. unamen bahutonko to iShTa-viShayakI prApti
hai nahIn; kisIko kadAchit kinchit hotI hai.
tathA mithyAtvabhAvase atattvashraddhAnI ho hI rahe hain aur kaShAy mukhyata tIvra hI pAyI
jAtI hain. krodh – mAnase paraspar laDate hain, bhakShaN karate hain, dukh dete hain; mAyA – lobhase chhal
karate hain, vastuko chAhate hain; hAsyAdik dvArA un kaShAyonke kAryommen pravartate hain. tathA kisIke
kadAchit mandakaShAy hotI hai, parantu thoDe jIvonke hotI hai, isaliye mukhyatA nahIn hai.
tathA vedanIyamen mukhyata asAtAkA uday hai. usase rog, pIDA, kShudhA, tRuShA, chhedan,
bhedan, bahut bhAr-vahan, shIt, uShNa, ang-bhangAdi avasthA hotI hai. usase dukhI hote pratyakSha
dekhe jAte hain, isalie bahut nahIn kahA hai. kisIke kadAchit kinchit sAtAkA bhI uday
hotA hai, parantu thoDe hI jIvonko hai, mukhyatayA nahIn hai. tathA Ayu antarmuhUrtase lekar koTi
varSha paryanta hai. vahAn bahut jIv alpa Ayuke dhArak hote hain, isaliye janma-maraNakA dukh
pAte hain. tathA bhogabhUmiyonkI baDI Ayu hai aur unake sAtAkA bhI uday hai, parantu ve
jIv thoDe hain. tathA mukhyata to nAmakarmakI tiryanchagati Adi pApaprakRitiyonkA hI uday hai.
kisIko kadAchit kinhIn puNyaprakRitiyonkA bhI uday hotA hai, parantu thoDe jIvonko thoDA hotA
hai, mukhyatA nahIn hai. tathA gotramen nIch gotrakA hI uday hai, isaliye hIn ho rahe hain. —
is prakAr tiryanch gatimen mahA dukh jAnanA.
manuShya gatike dukh
tathA manuShyagatimen asankhyAt jIv to labdhi-aparyApta hain ve sammUrchchhan hI hain, unakI
Ayu to uchchhvAsake aThArahaven bhAg mAtra hai. tathA kitane hI jIv garbhamen Akar thoDe hI
kAlamen maraN pAte hain, unakI to shakti pragaT bhAsit nahIn hotI; unake dukh ekendriyavat
jAnanA. visheSh hai so visheSh jAnanA.
tathA garbhajonke kuchh kAl garbhamen rahaneke bAd bAhar nikalanA hotA hai. unake dukhakA
varNan karma-apekShAse pahale varNan kiyA hai vaise jAnanA. vah sarva varNan garbhaj manuShyonke sambhav
hai. athavA tiryanchonkA varNan kiyA hai us prakAr jAnanA.
visheSh yah hai ki — yahAn koI shakti visheSh pAyI jAtI hai tathA rAjAdikonke visheSh
sAtAkA uday hotA hai tathA kShatriyAdikonko uchcha gotrakA bhI uday hotA hai. tathA dhan-
kuTumbAdikakA nimitta visheSh pAyA jAtA hai — ityAdi visheSh jAnanA.

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68 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
athavA garbha Adi avasthAonke dukh pratyakSha bhAsit hote hain. jis prakAr viShTAmen
laT utpanna hotI hai usI prakAr garbhamen shukra-shoNitake binduko apane sharIrarUp karake jIv
utpanna hotA hai. bAdamen vahAn kramasha gnAnAdikakI tathA sharIrakI vRuddhi hotI hai. garbhakA dukh
bahut hai. sankuchit rUpase aundhe munh kShudhA-tRuShAdi sahit vahAn kAl pUrNa karatA hai. jab
bAhar nikalatA hai tab bAlyAvasthAmen mahA dukh hotA hai. koI kahate hain ki bAlyAvasthAmen
dukh thoDA hai; so aisA nahIn hai, kintu shakti thoDI honese vyakta nahIn ho sakatA. bAdamen
vyApArAdik tathA viShay-ichchhA Adi dukhonkI pragaTatA hotI hai. iShTa-aniShTa janit AkulatA
banI hI rahatI hai. pashchAt jab vRuddha ho tab shaktihIn ho jAtA hai aur tab param dukhI
hotA hai. ye dukh pratyakSha hote dekhe jAte hain.
ham bahut kyA kahen? pratyakSha jise bhAsit nahIn hote vah kahe hue kaise sunegA? kisIke
kadAchit kinchit sAtAkA uday hotA hai so AkulatAmay hai. aur tIrthankarAdi pad mokShamArga
prApta kiye binA hote nahIn hain. — is prakAr manuShya paryAyamen dukh hI hain.
ek manuShya paryAyamen koI apanA bhalA honekA upAy kare to ho sakatA hai. jaise —
kAne gannekI jaD va usakA UparI phIkA bhAg to chUsane yogya hI nahIn hai, aur bIchakI
poren kAI honese ve bhI nahIn chUsI jAtIn; koI svAdakA lobhI unhen bigADe to bigADo;
parantu yadi unhen bo de to unase bahutase ganne hon, aur unakA svAd bahut mIThA Aye.
usI prakAr manuShya-paryAyakA bAlak-vRuddhapanA to sukhayogya nahIn hai, aur bIchakI avasthA rog-
kleshAdise yukta hai, vahAn sukh ho nahIn sakatA; koI viShayasukhakA lobhI use bigADe to bigADo;
parantu yadi use dharma sAdhanamen lagAye to bahut uchchapadako pAye, vahAn sukh bahut nirAkul
pAyA jAtA hai. isaliye yahAn apanA hit sAdhanA, sukh honeke bhramase vRuthA nahIn khonA.
dev gatike dukh
tathA dev paryAyamen gnAnAdikakI shakti auronse kuchh visheSh hai; ve mithyAtvase
atattvashraddhAnI ho rahe hain. tathA unake kaShAy kuchh mand hain. bhavanavAsI, vyantar, jyotiShkonke
kaShAy bahut mand nahIn hain aur unakA upayog chanchal bahut hai tathA kuchh shakti bhI hai so
kaShAyonke kAryommen pravartate hain; kautUhal, viShayAdi kAryommen lag rahe hain aur us AkulatAse
dukhI hI hain. tathA vaimAnikonke Upar-Upar visheSh mandakaShAy hai aur shakti visheSh hai, isaliye
AkulatA ghaTanese dukh bhI ghaTatA hai.
yahAn devonke krodh – mAn kaShAy hain, parantu kAraN thoDA hai, isaliye unake kAryakI

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tIsarA adhikAr ][ 69
gauNatA hai. kisIkA burA karanA tathA kisIko hIn karanA ityAdi kArya nikRuShTa
devonke to kautUhalAdise hote hain, parantu utkRuShTa devonke thoDe hote hain, mukhyatA nahIn hai; tathA
mAyA – lobh kaShAyonke kAraN pAye jAte hain isaliye unake kAryakI mukhyatA hai; isaliye chhal
karanA, viShay-sAmagrIkI chAh karanA ityAdi kArya visheSh hote hain. ve bhI Unche-Unche devonke
kam hain.
tathA hAsya, rati kaShAyake kAraN bahut pAye jAte hain, isalie inake kAryonkI mukhyatA
hai. tathA arati, shok, bhay, jugupsA inake kAraN thoDe hain, isaliye inake kAryonkI gauNatA
hai. tathA strIved, puruShavedakA uday hai aur ramaN karanekA bhI nimitta hai so kAm-sevan
karate hain. ye bhI kaShAy Upar-Upar manda hain. ahamindronke vedonkI mandatAke kAraN kAm-
sevanakA abhAv hai.
is prakAr devonke kaShAyabhAv hai aur kaShAyase hI dukh hai.
tathA inake kaShAyen jitanI thoDI hain utanA dukh bhI thoDA hai, isaliye auronkI apekShA
inhen sukhI kahate hain. paramArthase kaShAyabhAv jIvit hai usase dukhI hI hain.
tathA vedanIyamen sAtAkA uday bahut hai. vahAn bhavanatrikako thoDA hai, vaimAnikonke Upar-
Upar visheSh hai. iShTa sharIrakI avasthA, strI, mahal Adi sAmagrIkA sanyog pAyA jAtA hai.
tathA kadAchit kinchit asAtAkA bhI uday kisI kAraNase hotA hai. vah nikRuShTa devonke kuchh
pragaT bhI hai, parantu utkRuShTa devonke visheSh pragaT nahIn hai. tathA Ayu baDI hai. jaghanya Ayu
das hajAr varSha aur utkRuShTa ikatIs sAgar hai. isase adhik AyukA dhArI mokShamArga prApta
kie binA nahIn hotA. so itane kAl tak viShay-sukhamen magna rahate hain. tathA nAmakarmakI
devagati Adi sarva puNyaprakRitiyonkA hI uday hai, isaliye sukhakA kAraN hai. aur gotramen
uchcha gotrakA hI uday hai, isaliye mahanta padako prApta hain.
is prakAr inako puNya-udayakI visheShatAse iShTa sAmagrI milI hai aur kaShAyonse ichchhA
pAyI jAtI hai, isaliye usake bhoganemen Asakta ho rahe hain, parantu ichchhA adhik hI rahatI
hai, isaliye sukhI nahIn hote. uchcha devonko utkRuShTa puNya-uday hai, kaShAy bahut mand hai; tathApi
unake bhI ichchhAkA abhAv nahIn hotA, isaliye paramArthase dukhI hI hain.
is prakAr sansAramen sarvatra dukh hI dukh pAyA jAtA hai. — is prakAr paryAy- apekShAse
dukhakA varNan kiyA.

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70 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
(ga) dukhakA sAmAnya svarUp
ab is sarva dukhakA sAmAnyasvarUp kahate hain. dukhakA lakShaN AkulatA hai aur
AkulatA ichchhA hone par hotI hai.
chAr prakArakI ichchhAen
is sansArI jIvake ichchhA anek prakAr pAyI jAtI hain —
(1) ek ichchhA to viShay-grahaNakI hai, usase yah dekhanA-jAnanA chAhatA hai. jaise —
varNa dekhanekI, rAg sunanekI, avyaktako jAnanekI, ityAdi ichchhA hotI hai. vahAn anya koI
pIDA nahIn hai, parantu jab tak dekhatA-jAnatA nahIn hai tab tak mahA vyAkul hotA hai. is
ichchhA kA nAm viShay hai.
tathA (2) ek ichchhA kaShAyabhAvonke anusAr kArya karanekI hai, jisase vah kArya karanA
chAhatA hai. jaise — burA karanekI, hIn karanekI ityAdi ichchhA hotI hai. yahAn bhI anya koI
pIDA nahIn hai, parantu jab tak kArya na ho tab tak mahA vyAkul hotA hai. is ichchhAkA
nAm kaShAy hai.
tathA (3) ek ichchhA pApake udayase jo sharIramen yA bAhya aniShTa kAraN milate hain
unako dUr karanekI hotI hai. jaise — rog, pIDA, kShudhA AdikA sanyog hone par unhen dUr
karanekI ichchhA hotI hai so yahAn yahI pIDA mAnatA hai, jab tak vah dUr na ho tab tak
mahA vyAkul rahatA hai. is ichchhAkA nAm pApakA uday hai.
is prakAr in tIn prakArakI ichchhA hone par sabhI dukh mAnate hain so dukh hI hai.
tathA (4) ek ichchhA bAhya nimittase banatI hai; so in tIn prakArakI ichchhAonke
anusAr pravartanekI ichchhA hotI hai. in tIn prakArakI ichchhAommen ek-ek prakArakI ichchhAke
anek prakAr hain. vahAn kitane hI prakArakI ichchhA pUrNa honeke kAraN puNyodayase milate hain,
parantu unakA sAdhan ekasAth nahIn ho sakatA; isaliye ekako chhoDakar anyamen lagatA hai,
phi ra bhI use chhoDakar anyamen lagatA hai. jaise — kisIko anek prakArakI sAmagrI milI hai.
vahAn vah kisIko dekhatA hai, use chhoDakar rAg sunatA hai, phi ra use chhoDakar kisIkA burA
karane lag jAtA hai, use chhoDakar bhojan karatA hai; athavA dekhanemen hI ekako dekhakar anyako
dekhatA hai. — isI prakAr anek kAryonkI pravRuttimen ichchhA hotI hai. so is ichchhAkA nAm
puNyakA uday hai.

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tIsarA adhikAr ][ 71
ise jagat sukh mAnatA hai, parantu yah sukh hai nahIn, dukh hI hai. kyonki — pratham
to sarva prakArakI ichchhA pUrNa honeke kAraN kisIke bhI nahIn banate aur kisI prakAr ichchhA
pUrNa karaneke kAraN banen to yugapat unakA sAdhan nahIn hotA. so ekakA sAdhan jab tak
na ho tab tak usakI AkulatA rahatI hai; aur usakA sAdhan hone par us hI samay anyake
sAdhanakI ichchhA hotI hai tab usakI AkulatA hotI hai. ek samay bhI nirAkul nahIn rahatA,
isaliye dukh hI hai. athavA tIn prakArakI ichchhArUpI rogako miTAnekA kinchit upAy karatA
hai, isaliye kinchit dukh kam hotA hai, sarva dukhakA to nAsh nahIn hotA, isaliye dukh
hI hai. — is prakAr sansArI jIvonko sarva prakArase dukh hI hai.
tathA yahAn itanA jAnanA ki — tIn prakArakI ichchhAse sarva jagat pIDit hai aur chauthI
ichchhA to puNyakA uday Ane par hotI hai, tathA puNyakA bandh dharmAnurAgase hotA hai; parantu
dharmAnurAgamen jIv kam lagatA hai, jIv to bahut pAp-kriyAommen hI pravartatA hai. isaliye
chauthI ichchhA kisI jIvake kisI kAlamen hI hotI hai.
yahAn itanA jAnanA ki — samAn ichchhAvAn jIvonkI apekShA to chauthI ichchhAvAleke kinchit
tIn prakArakI ichchhAke ghaTanese sukh kahate hain. tathA chauthI ichchhAvAlekI apekShA mahAn ichchhAvAlA
chauthI ichchhA hone par bhI dukhI hotA hai. kisIke bahut vibhUti hai aur usake ichchhA bahut
hai to bahut AkulatAvAn hai aur jisake thoDI vibhUti hai tathA usake ichchhA bhI thoDI hai to
vah thoDA AkulatAvAn hai. athavA kisIko aniShTa sAmagrI milI hai aur use usako dUr
karanekI ichchhA thoDI hai to vah thoDA AkulatAvAn hai. tathA kisIko iShTa sAmagrI milI hai,
parantu use usako bhoganekI tathA anya sAmagrIkI ichchhA bahut hai to vah jIv bahut AkulatAvAn
hai. isaliye sukhI-dukhI honA ichchhAke anusAr jAnanA, bAhya kAraNake AdhIn nahIn hai.
nArakI dukhI aur dev sukhI kahe jAte hain vah bhI ichchhAkI hI apekShA kahate hain,
kyonki nArakiyonko tIvra kaShAyase ichchhA bahut hai aur devonke mandakaShAyase ichchhA thoDI hai.
tathA manuShya, tiryanchonko bhI sukhI-dukhI, ichchhA hI kI apekShA jAnanA. tIvra kaShAyase jisake
ichchhA bahut hai use dukhI kahate hain, manda kaShAyase jisake ichchhA thoDI hai use sukhI kahate
hain. paramArthase dukh hI bahut yA thoDA hai, sukh nahIn hai. devAdikonko bhI sukhI mAnate
hain vah bhram hI hai. unake chauthI ichchhAkI mukhyatA hai, isaliye Akulit hain.
is prakAr jo ichchhA hotI hai vah mithyAtva, agnAn, asanyamase hotI hai. tathA ichchhA
hai so AkulatAmay hai aur AkulatA hai vah dukh hai. is prakAr sarva sansArI jIv nAnA
dukhonse pIDit hI ho rahe hain.

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72 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
mokShasukh aur usakI prAptikA upAy
ab, jin jIvonko dukhase chhUTanA ho ve ichchhA dUr karanekA upAy karo. tathA ichchhA
dUr tab hI hotI hai jab mithyAtva, agnAn, asanyamakA abhAv ho aur samyagdarshan-gnAn-chAritrakI
prApti ho, isaliye isI kAryakA udyam karanA yogya hai. aisA sAdhan karane par jitanI-jitanI
ichchhA miTe utanA-utanA dukh dUr hotA jAtA hai aur jab mohake sarvathA abhAvase sarva ichchhAkA
abhAv ho tab sarva dukh miTatA hai, sachchA sukh pragaT hotA hai. tathA gnAnAvaraN-darshanAvaraN
aur antarAyakA abhAv ho tab ichchhAke kAraNabhUt kShAyopashamik gnAn-darshanakA tathA
shaktihInapanekA bhI abhAv hotA hai, ananta gnAn-darshan-vIryakI prApti hotI hai. tathA kitane
hI kAl pashchAt aghAtikarmonkA bhI abhAv ho tab ichchhAke bAhya kAraNonkA bhI abhAv hotA
hai. kyonki moh chale jAneke bAd kisI bhI kAlamen koI ichchhA utpanna karanemen samartha nahIn
the, mohake hone par kAraN the, isaliye kAraN kahe hain; unakA bhI abhAv huA tab jIv
siddhapadako prApta hote hain.
vahAn dukhakA tathA dukhake kAraNonkA sarvathA abhAv honese sadAkAl anupam, akhanDit,
sarvotkRuShTa Ananda sahit anantakAl virAjamAn rahate hain. vahI batalAte hain —
gnAnAvaraN, darshanAvaraNakA kShayopasham hone par tathA uday hone par moh dvArA ek-
ek viShayako dekhane-jAnanekI ichchhAse mahA vyAkul hotA thA; ab mohakA abhAv honese
ichchhAkA bhI abhAv huA, isaliye dukhakA abhAv huA hai. tathA gnAnAvaraN, darshanAvaraNakA
kShay honese sarva indriyonko sarva viShayonkA yugapat grahaN huA, isaliye dukhakA kAraN bhI
dUr huA hai vahI dikhAte hain. jaise — netra dvArA ek-ek viShayako dekhanA chAhatA thA, ab
trikAlavartI trilokake sarva varNonko yugapat dekhatA hai, koI binA dekhA nahIn rahA jisake dekhane
kI ichchhA utpanna ho. isI prakAr sparshanAdi dvArA ek-ek viShayakA grahaN karanA chAhatA
thA. ab trikAlavartI trilokake sarva sparsha, ras, gandha tathA shabdonkA yugapat grahaN karatA
hai, koI binA grahaN kiyA nahIn rahA jisakA grahaN karanekI ichchhA utpanna ho.
yahAn koI kahe ki — sharIrAdik binA grahaN kaise hogA?
samAdhAna — indriyagnAn hone par to dravyendriyon Adike binA grahaN nahIn hotA thA.
ab aisA svabhAv pragaT huA ki binA indriyonke hI grahaN hotA hai.
yahAn koI kahe ki — jaise man dvArA sparshAdikako jAnate hain usI prakAr jAnanA hotA
hogA; tvachA, jihvA Adise grahaN hotA hai vaise nahIn hotA hogA; so aisA nahIn hai — kyonki

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tIsarA adhikAr ][ 73
man dvArA smaraNAdi hone par aspaShTa jAnanA kuchh hotA hai. yahAn to jis prakAr tvachA,
jihvA ityAdise sparsha, rasAdikakA — sparsha karane par, svAd lene par sUnghane – dekhane – sunane par
jaisA spaShTa jAnanA hotA hai usase bhI anantaguNA spaShTa jAnanA unake hotA hai.
visheSh itanA huA hai ki — vahAn indriyaviShayakA sanyog hone par hI jAnanA hotA
thA, yahAn dUr rahakar bhI vaisA hI jAnanA hotA hai — yah shaktikI mahimA hai. tathA man
dvArA kuchh atIt, anAgatako tathA avyaktako jAnanA chAhatA thA; ab sarva hI anAdise
anantakAl paryanta sarva padArthonke dravya, kShetra, kAl, bhAvonko yugapat jAnatA hai, koI binA
jAne nahIn rahA jisako jAnanekI ichchhA utpanna ho. is prakAr yah dukh aur dukhonke kAraN
unakA abhAv jAnanA.
tathA mohake udayase mithyAtva aur kaShAyabhAv hote the unakA sarvathA abhAv huA
isaliye dukhakA abhAv huA; tathA inake kAraNonkA abhAv huA, isalie dukhake kAraNonkA
bhI abhAv huA hai. un kAraNonkA abhAv yahAn dikhAte hain —
sarva tattva yathArtha pratibhAsit hone par atattvashraddhAnarUp mithyAtva kaise ho? koI aniShTa
nahIn rahA, nindak svayamev aniShTako prApta hotA hI hai; svayam krodh kis par karen? siddhonse
UnchA koI hai nahIn, indrAdik svayamev naman karate hain aur iShTako pAte hain; kisase mAn karen?
sarva bhavitavya bhAsit ho gayA, kArya rahA nahIn, kisIse prayojan rahA nahIn hai; kisakA lobh
karen? koI anya iShTa rahA nahIn; kis kAraNase hAsya ho? koI anya iShTa prIti karane yogya
hai nahIn; phi ra kahAn rati karen? koI dukhadAyak sanyog rahA nahIn hai; kahAn arati karen? koI
iShTa-aniShTa sanyog-viyog hotA nahIn hai; kisakA shok karen? koI aniShTa karanevAlA kAraN
rahA nahIn hai; kisakA bhay karen? sarva vastuen apane svabhAv sahit bhAsit hotI hain, apaneko
aniShTa nahIn hain, kahAn jugupsA karen? kAmapIDA dUr honese strI-puruSh donense ramaN karanekA kuchh
prayojan nahIn rahA; kisaliye puruSh, strI yA napunsakavedarUp bhAv ho? — is prakAr moh utpanna
honeke kAraNonkA abhAv jAnanA.
tathA antarAyake udayase shakti hInapaneke kAraN pUrNa nahIn hotI thI, ab usakA abhAv
huA, isaliye dukhakA abhAv huA. tathA anantashakti pragaT huI, isaliye dukhake kAraNakA
bhI abhAv huA.
yahAn koI kahe ki — dAn, lAbh, bhog, upabhog to karate nahIn hain; inakI shakti
kaise pragaT huI?

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74 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
samAdhAn : — ye kArya rogake upachAr the; rog hI nahIn hai, tab upachAr kyon karen?
isaliye in kAryonkA sadbhAv to hai nahIn aur inhen rokanevAle karmonkA abhAv huA, isaliye
shakti pragaT huI kahate hain. jaise — koI gaman karanA chAhatA thA. use kisIne rokA thA
tab dukhI thA aur jab usakI rok dUr huI tab jis kAryake artha jAnA chAhatA thA vah
kArya nahIn rahA, isaliye gaman bhI nahIn kiyA. vahAn usake gaman na karane par bhI shakti
pragaT huI kahI jAtI hai; usI prakAr yahAn bhI jAnanA. tathA unake gnAnAdikI shaktirUp
anantavIrya pragaT pAyA jAtA hai.
tathA aghAti karmommen mohase pApaprakRitiyonkA uday hone par dukh mAn rahA thA,
puNyaprakRitiyonkA uday hone par sukh mAn rahA thA, paramArthase AkulatAke kAraN sab dukh
hI thA. ab, mohake nAshase sarva AkulatA dUr hone par sarva dukhakA nAsh huA. tathA
jin kAraNonse dukh mAn rahA thA, ve kAraN to sarva naShTa hue; aur kinhIn kAraNonse kinchit
dukh dUr honese sukh mAn rahA thA so ab mUlahImen dukh nahIn rahA, isaliye un dukhake
upachAronkA kuchh prayojan nahIn rahA ki unase kAryakI siddhi karanA chAhe. usakI siddhi svayamev
hI ho rahI hai.
isIkA visheSh batalAte hain — vedanIyamen asAtAke udayase dukhake kAraN sharIramen rog
kShudhAdik hote the; ab sharIr hI nahIn, tab kahAn ho? tathA sharIrakI aniShTa avasthAko kAraN
AtAp Adi the; parantu ab sharIr binA kisako kAraN hon? tathA bAhya aniShTa nimitta
banate the; parantu ab inake aniShTa rahA hI nahIn. is prakAr dukhake kAraNonkA to abhAv
huA.
tathA sAtAke udayase kinchit dukh miTAneke kAraN auShadhi, bhojanAdik the usakA
prayojan nahIn rahA hai aur iShTakArya parAdhIn nahIn rahe hain; isaliye bAhyamen bhI mitrAdikako
iShTa mAnanekA prayojan nahIn rahA, inake dvArA dukh miTAnA chAhatA thA aur iShTa karanA chAhatA
thA; so ab to sampUrNa dukh naShTa huA aur sampUrNa iShTa prApta huA.
tathA Ayuke nimittase jIvan-maraN thA. vahAn maraNase dukh mAnatA thA; parantu avinAshI
pad prApta kar liyA, isaliye dukhakA kAraN nahIn rahA. tathA dravyaprANonko dhAraN kiye kitane
hI kAl tak jIne-maranese sukh mAnatA thA, vahAn bhI narak paryAyamen dukhakI visheShatAse vahAn
nahIn jInA chAhatA thA; parantu ab is siddhaparyAyamen dravyaprANake binA hI apane chaitanyaprANase
sadAkAl jItA hai aur vahAn dukhakA lavalesh bhI nahIn rahA.

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tIsarA adhikAr ][ 75
tathA nAmakarmase ashubh gati, jAti hone par dukh mAnatA thA, parantu ab un sabakA
abhAv huA; dukh kahAnse ho? tathA shubhagati, jAti Adi hone par kinchit dukh dUr honese
sukh mAnatA thA; parantu ab unake binA hI sarva dukhakA nAsh aur sarva sukhakA prakAsh
pAyA jAtA hai. isaliye unakA bhI kuchh prayojan nahIn rahA.
tathA gotrake nimittase nIch kul prApta hone par dukh mAnatA thA, ab usakA abhAv
honese dukhakA kAraN nahIn rahA; tathA uchcha kul prApta hone par sukh mAnatA thA, parantu ab
uchcha kulake binA hI trailokya pUjya uchcha padako prApta hai.
is prakAr siddhonke sarva karmonkA nAsh honese sarva dukhakA nAsh ho gayA hai.
dukhakA lakShaN to AkulatA hai aur AkulatA tabhI hotI hai jab ichchhA ho; parantu
ichchhAkA tathA ichchhAke kAraNonkA sarvathA abhAv huA, isaliye nirAkul hokar sarva dukharahit
ananta sukhakA anubhav karatA hai; kyonki nirAkulatA hI sukhakA lakShaN hai. sansAramen bhI
kisI prakAr nirAkul hokar sab hI sukh mAnate hain; jahAn sarvathA nirAkul huA vahAn sukh
sampUrNa kaise nahIn mAnA jAye?
is prakAr samyagdarshanAdi sAdhanase siddhapad prApta karane par sarva dukhakA abhAv hotA
hai, sarva sukh pragaT hotA hai.
ab yahAn upadesh dete hain ki — he bhavya! he bhAI!! tujhe jo sansArake dukh batalAe
so ve tujhapar bItate hain yA nahIn, vah vichAr aur tU jo upAy karatA hai inhen jhUThA batalAyA
so aise hI hain yA nahIn, vah vichAra. tathA siddhapad prApta hone par sukh hotA hai yA nahIn,
usakA bhI vichAr kara. jaisA kahA hai vaisI hI pratIti tujhe AtI ho to tU sansArase chhUTakar
siddhapad prApta karanekA ham jo upAy kahate hain vah kar, vilamba mat kara. yah upAy karanese
terA kalyAN hogA.
— iti shrI mokShamArgaprakAshak shAstramen sansAradukh tathA mokShasukhakA nirUpak
tRutIy adhikAr pUrNa huA ..3..
✾

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76 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
chauthA adhikAr
mithyAdarshan-gnAn-chAritrakA nirUpaN
dohA — is bhavake sab dukhanike, kAraN mithyAbhAv.
tinikI sattA nAsh kari, pragaTai mokSha upAv ..
ab yahAn sansAr dukhonke bIjabhUt mithyAdarshan, mithyAgnAn, mithyAchAritra hain unake
svarUpakA visheSh nirUpaN karate hain. jaise vaidya hai so rogake kAraNonko visheSharUpase kahe to
rogI kupathya sevan na kare, tab rog rahit ho. usI prakAr yahAn sansArake kAraNonkA visheSh
nirUpaN karate hain, jisase sansArI mithyAtvAdikakA sevan na kare, tab sansAr rahit ho. isaliye
mithyAdarshanAdikakA visheSh nirUpaN karate hain —
mithyAdarshanakA svarUp
yah jIv anAdise karma-sambandha sahit hai. usako darshanamohake udayase huA jo
atattvashraddhAn usakA nAm mithyAdarshan hai kyonki tadbhAv so tattva, arthAt jo shraddhAn karane
yogya artha hai usakA jo bhAv – svarUp usakA nAm tattva hai. tattva nahIn usakA nAm atattva
hai isaliye atattva hai vah asatya hai; ata isIkA nAm mithyA hai. tathA ‘aise hI yah
hai’ — aisA pratItibhAv usakA nAm shraddhAn hai.
yahAn shraddhAnakA hI nAm darshan hai. yadyapi darshanakA shabdArtha sAmAnya avalokan hai
tathApi yahAn prakaraNavash isI dhAtukA artha shraddhAn jAnanA. — aisA hI sarvArthasiddhi nAmak
sUtrakI TIkAmen kahA hai. kyonki sAmAnya avalokan sansAr – mokShakA kAraN nahIn hotA; shraddhAn
hI sansAr – mokShakA kAraN hai, isaliye sansAr – mokShake kAraNamen darshanakA artha shraddhAn hI jAnanA.
tathA mithyArUp jo darshan arthAt shraddhAn, usakA nAm mithyAdarshan hai. jaisA vastukA
svarUp nahIn hai vaisA mAnanA, jaisA hai vaisA nahIn mAnanA, aisA viparItAbhinivesh arthAt viparIt
abhiprAy, usako liye hue mithyAdarshan hotA hai.

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 77
yahAn prashna hai ki — kevalagnAnake binA sarva padArtha yathArtha bhAsit nahIn hote aur yathArtha
bhAsit hue binA yathArtha shraddhAn nahIn hotA, to phi ra mithyAdarshanakA tyAg kaise bane?
samAdhAna — padArthonkA jAnanA, na jAnanA, anyathA jAnanA to gnAnAvaraNake anusAr
hai; tathA jo pratIti hotI hai so jAnane par hI hotI hai, binA jAne pratIti kaise Aye —
yah to satya hai. parantu jaise (koI) puruSh hai vah jinase prayojan nahIn hai unhen anyathA
jAne yA yathArtha jAne, tathA jaisA jAnatA hai vaisA hI mAne to usase usakA kuchh bhI bigAD-
sudhAr nahIn hai, usase vah pAgal yA chatur nAm nahIn pAtA; tathA jinase prayojan pAyA jAtA
hai unhen yadi anyathA jAne aur vaisA hI mAne to bigAD hotA hai, isalie use pAgal
kahate hain; tathA unako yadi yathArtha jAne aur vaisA hI mAne to sudhAr hotA hai, isaliye
use chatur kahate hain. usI prakAr jIv hai vah jinase prayojan nahIn hai unhen anyathA jAne
yA yathArtha jAne, tathA jaisA jAne vaisA shraddhAn kare, to isakA kuchh bhI bigAD-sudhAr nahIn
hai, usase mithyAdRuShTi yA samyagdRuShTi nAm prApta nahIn karatA; tathA jisase prayojan pAyA jAtA
hai unhen yadi anyathA jAne aur vaisA hI shraddhAn kare to bigAD hotA hai, isaliye use
mithyAdRuShTi kahate hain; tathA yadi unhen yathArtha jAne aur vaisA hI shraddhAn kare to sudhAr hotA
hai, isaliye use samyadRuShTi kahate hain.
yahAn itanA jAnanA ki — aprayojanabhUt athavA prayojanabhUt padArthonkA na jAnanA yA
yathArtha-ayathArtha jAnanA ho, usamen gnAnakI hInAdhikatA honA itanA jIvakA bigAD-sudhAr hai
aur usakA nimitta to gnAnAvaraN karma hai, parantu vahAn prayojanabhUt padArthonkA anyathA yA
yathArtha shraddhAn karanese jIvakA kuchh aur bhI bigAD-sudhAr hotA hai, isaliye usakA nimitta
darshanamoh nAmak karma hai.
yahAn koI kahe ki jaisA jAne vaisA shraddhAn kare, isaliye gnAnAvaraNake hI anusAr
shraddhAn bhAsit hotA hai, yahAn darshanamohakA visheSh nimitta kaise bhAsit hotA hai?
samAdhAna — prayojanabhUt jIvAdi tattvonkA shraddhAn karane yogya gnAnAvaraNakA kShayopasham
to sarva sangnI panchendriyonke huA hai, parantu dravyalingI muni gyArah angga tak paDhate hain tathA graiveyakake
dev avadhignAnAdiyukta hain, unake gnAnAvaraNakA kShayopasham bahut hone par bhI prayojanabhUt
jIvAdikakA shraddhAn nahIn hotA; aur tiryanchAdikako gnAnAvaraNakA kShayopasham thoDA hone par bhI
prayojanabhUt jIvAdikakA shraddhAn hotA hai. isaliye jAnA jAtA hai ki gnAnAvaraNake hI anusAr
shraddhAn nahIn hotA; koI anya karma hai aur vah darshanamoh hai. usake udayase jIvake mithyAdarshan
hotA hai tab prayojanabhUt jIvAdi tattvonkA anyathA shraddhAn karatA hai.

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prayojanabhUt-aprayojanabhUt padArtha
yahAn koI pUchhe ki — prayojanabhUt aur aprayojanabhUt padArtha kaun hain?
samAdhAna — is jIvako prayojan to ek yahI hai ki dukh na ho aur sukh ho.
kisI jIvake anya kuchh bhI prayojan nahIn hai. tathA dukhakA na honA, sukhakA honA ek
hI hai; kyonki dukhakA abhAv vahI sukh hai aur is prayojanakI siddhi jIvAdikakA satya
shraddhAn karanese hotI hai. kaise?
so kahate hain — pratham to dukh dUr karanemen ApAparakA gnAn avashya honA chAhiye.
yadi ApAparakA gnAn nahIn ho to apaneko pahichAne binA apanA dukh kaise dUr kare? athavA
ApAparako ek jAnakar apanA dukh dUr karaneke artha parakA upachAr kare to apanA dukh
dUr kaise ho? athavA apanese par bhinna hain, parantu yah paramen ahankAr-mamakAr kare to usase dukh
hI hotA hai. ApAparakA gnAn hone par hI dukh dUr hotA hai. tathA ApAparakA gnAn jIv-
ajIvakA gnAn hone par hI hotA hai; kyonki Ap svayam jIv hai, sharIrAdik ajIv hain.
yadi lakShaNAdi dvArA jIv-ajIvakI pahichAn ho to apanI aur parakI bhinnatA bhAsit
ho; isaliye jIv-ajIvako jAnanA. athavA jIv-ajIvakA gnAn hone par, jin padArthonke
anyathA shraddhAnase dukh hotA thA unakA yathArtha gnAn honese dukh dUr hotA hai; isaliye jIv-
ajIvako jAnanA.
tathA dukhakA kAraN to karma-bandhan hai aur usakA kAraN mithyAtvAdik Asrav hain.
yadi inako na pahichAne, inako dukhakA mUl kAraN na jAne to inakA abhAv kaise kare?
aur inakA abhAv nahIn kare to karma bandhan kaise nahIn ho? isaliye dukh hI hotA hai.
athavA mithyAtvAdik bhAv hain so dukhamay hain. yadi unhen jyonkA tyon nahIn jAne to unakA
abhAv nahIn kare, tab dukhI hI rahe; isaliye Asravako jAnanA.
tathA samasta dukhakA kAraN karma-bandhan hai. yadi use na jAne to usase mukta honekA
upAy nahIn kare, tab usake nimittase dukhI ho; isaliye bandhako jAnanA.
tathA AsravakA abhAv karanA so samvar hai. usakA svarUp na jAne to usamen pravartan nahIn
kare, tab Asrav hI rahe, usase varttamAn tathA AgAmI dukh hI hotA hai; isaliye samvarako jAnanA.
tathA kathanchit kinchit karmabandhakA abhAv karanA usakA nAm nirjarA hai. yadi use
na jAne to usakI pravRuttikA udyamI nahIn ho, tab sarvathA bandha hI rahe, jisase dukh hI
hotA hai; isaliye nirjarAko jAnanA.

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 79
tathA sarvathA sarva karmabandhakA abhAv honA usakA nAm mokSha hai. yadi use nahIn pahichAne
to usakA upAy nahIn kare, tab sansAramen karmabandhase utpanna dukhonko hI sahe; isaliye mokShako
jAnanA. is prakAr jIvAdi sAt tattva jAnanA.
tathA shAstrAdi dvArA kadAchit unhen jAne, parantu aise hI hain aisI pratIti na AyI
to jAnanese kyA ho? isaliye unakA shraddhAn karanA kAryakArI hai. aise jIvAdi tattvonkA
satya shraddhAn karane par hI dukh honekA abhAvarUp prayojanakI siddhi hotI hai. isaliye
jIvAdik padArtha hain ve hI prayojanabhUt jAnanA.
tathA inake bhed puNya-pApAdirUp hain unakA bhI shraddhAn prayojanabhUt hai, kyonki sAmAnyase
visheSh balavAn hai. is prakAr ye padArtha to prayojanabhUt hain, isaliye inakA yathArtha shraddhAn
karane par to dukh nahIn hotA, sukh hotA hai; aur inakA yathArtha shraddhAn kie binA dukh
hotA hai, sukh nahIn hotA.
tathA inake atirikta anya padArtha hain ve aprayojanabhUt hain, kyonki unakA yathArtha shraddhAn
karo yA mat karo unakA shraddhAn kuchh sukh-dukhakA kAraN nahIn hai.
yahAn prashna uThatA hai ki — pahale jIv-ajIv padArtha kahe unamen to sabhI padArtha A
gaye; unake sivA anya padArtha kaun rahe jinhen aprayojanabhUt kahA hai.
samAdhAna — padArtha to sab jIv-ajIvamen garbhit hain, parantu un jIv-ajIvonke visheSh
bahut hain. unamense jin visheShon sahit jIv-ajIvakA yathArtha shraddhAn karanese sva-parakA shraddhAn
ho, rAgAdik dUr karanekA shraddhAn ho, unase sukh utpanna ho; tathA ayathArtha shraddhAn karanese
sva-parakA shraddhAn nahIn ho, rAgAdik dUr karanekA shraddhAn nahIn ho, isaliye dukh utpanna ho;
un visheShon sahit jIv-ajIv padArthon to prayojanabhUt jAnanA.
tathA jin visheShon sahit jIv-ajIvakA yathArtha shraddhAn karane yA na karanese sva-parakA
shraddhAn ho yA na ho, tathA rAgAdik dUr karanekA shraddhAn ho yA na ho — koI niyam nahIn
hai; un visheShon sahit jIv-ajIv padArtha aprayojanabhUt jAnanA.
jaise — jIv aur sharIrakA chaitanya, mUrttatvAdi visheShonse shraddhAn karanA to prayojanabhUt
hai; aur manuShyAdi paryAyonkA tathA ghaT-paTAdikA avasthA, AkArAdi visheShonse shraddhAn karanA
aprayojanabhUt hai. isI prakAr anya jAnanA.
is prakAr kahe gaye jo prayojanabhUt jIvAdik tattva unake ayathArtha shraddhAnakA nAm
mithyAdarshan jAnanA.

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80 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
mithyAdarshanakI pravRutti
ab, sansArI jIvonke mithyAdarshanakI pravRutti kaise pAyI jAtI hai so kahate hain. yahAn
varNan to shraddhAnakA karanA hai; parantu jAnegA to shraddhAn karegA, isaliye jAnanekI mukhyatAse
varNan karate hain.
jIv-ajIvatattva sambandhI ayathArtha shraddhAn
anAdikAlase jIv hai vah karmake nimittase anek paryAyen dhAraN karatA hai. vahAn pUrva
paryAyako chhoDatA hai, navIn paryAy dhAraN karatA hai. tathA vah paryAy ek to svayam AtmA
aur ananta pudgalaparamANumay sharIr unase ekapiNDa bandhAnarUp hai. tathA jIvako us
paryAyamen — ‘yah main hUn’ — aisI ahambuddhi hotI hai. tathA svayam jIv hai, usakA svabhAv to
gnAnAdik hai aur vibhAv krodhAdik hain aur pudgalaparamANuonke varNa, gandh, ras, sparshAdi svabhAv
hain — un sabako apanA svarUp mAnatA hai.
‘ye mere hain’ — is prakAr unamen mamatvabuddhi hotI hai. tathA svayam jIv hai, usake
gnAnAdikakI tathA krodhAdikakI adhikatA-hInatArUp avasthA hotI hai aur pudgalaparamANuonkI
varNAdi palaTanerUp avasthA hotI hai un sabako apanI avasthA mAnatA hai. ‘yah merI avasthA
hai’ — aisI mamatvabuddhi karatA hai.
tathA jIv aur sharIrake naimitta-naimittik sambandha hai, isaliye jo kriyA hotI hai use
apanI mAnatA hai. apanA darshan-gnAn svabhAv hai, usakI pravRuttiko nimittamAtra sharIrake angarUp
sparshanAdi dravyaindriyAn hain; yah unhen ek mAnakar aisA mAnatA hai ki — hAth Adise mainne sparsha
kiyA, jIbhase svAd liyA, nAsikAse sUnghA, netrase dekhA, kAnonse sunA. manovargaNArUp ATh
pankhuDiyonke phU le kamalake AkArakA hRudayasthAnamen dravyaman hai, vah dRuShTigamya nahIn aisA hai, so
sharIrakA ang hai; usake nimitta hone par smaraNAdirUp gnAnakI pravRutti hotI hai. yah dravyamanako
aur gnAnako ek mAnakar aisA mAnatA hai ki mainne manase jAnA.
tathA apaneko bolanekI ichchhA hotI hai tab apane pradeshonko jis prakAr bolanA bane
us prakAr hilAtA hai, tab ekakShetrAvagAh sambandhake kAraN sharIrake ang bhI hilate hain.
unake nimittase bhAShAvargaNArUp pudgal vachanarUp pariNamit hote hain; yah sabako ek mAnakar
aisA mAnatA hai ki main bolatA hUn.
tathA apaneko gamanAdi kriyAkI yA vastu grahaNAdikakI ichchhA hotI hai tab apane
pradeshonko jaise kArya bane vaise hilAtA hai. vahAn ekakShetrAvagAhake kAraN sharIrake ang hilate
hain tab vah kArya banatA hai; athavA apanI ichchhAke binA sharIr hilatA hai tab apane pradesh

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 81
bhI hilate hain; yah sabako ek mAnakar aisA mAnatA hai ki main gamanAdi kArya karatA hUn, main
vastukA grahaN karatA hUn athavA mainne kiyA hai — ityAdirUp mAnatA hai.
tathA jIvake kaShAyabhAv hon tab sharIrakI cheShTA unake anusAr ho jAtI hai. jaise —
krodhAdik hone par lAl netrAdi ho jAte hain, hAsyAdi hone par mukhAdi praphu llit ho jAte
hain, puruShavedAdi hone par lingakAThinyAdi ho jAte hain, yah sab ek mAnakar aisA mAnatA hai
ki yah kArya sab main karatA hUn. tathA sharIramen shIt, uShNa, kShudhA, tRuShA, rog ityAdi avasthAen
hotI hain; unake nimittase mohabhAv dvArA svayam sukh-dukh mAnatA hai; in sabako ek jAnakar
shItAdik tathA sukh-dukh apaneko hI hue mAnatA hai.
tathA sharIrake paramANuonkA milanA-bichhuDanA Adi honese athavA unakI avasthA
palaTanese yA sharIr skandhake khaNDa Adi honese sthUl - kRushAdik, bAl - vRuddhAdik athavA
angahInAdik hote hain aur usake anusAr apane pradeshonkA sankoch-vistAr hotA hai; yah sabako
ek mAnakar main sthUl hUn, main kRush hUn, main bAlak hUn, main vRuddha hUn, mere in angonkA bhang huA
hai — ityAdirUp mAnatA hai.
tathA sharIrakI apekShA gati, kulAdik hote hain unhen apanA mAnakar main manuShya hUn, main
tiryanch hUn, main kShatriy hUn, main vaishya hUn — ityAdirUp mAnatA hai. tathA sharIrakA sanyog hone
aur chhUTanekI apekShA janma-maraN hotA hai; use apanA janma-maraN mAnakar main utpanna huA,
main marUngA — aisA mAnatA hai.
tathA sharIrakI hI apekShA anya vastuonse nAtA mAnatA hai. jinake dvArA sharIrakI utpatti
huI unhen apane mAtA-pitA mAnatA hai; jo sharIrako ramaN karAye use apanI ramaNI mAnatA hai;
jo sharIrase utpanna huA use apanA putra mAnatA hai; jo sharIrako upakArI ho use mitra mAnatA
hai; jo sharIrakA burA kare use shatru mAnatA hai — ityAdirUp mAnyatA hotI hai.
adhik kyA kahen? jis-tis prakArase apaneko aur sharIrako ek hI mAnatA hai.
indriyAdikake nAm to yahAn kahe hain, parantu ise to kuchh gamya nahIn hain. achet huA
paryAyamen ahambuddhi dhAraN karatA hai. usakA kAraN kyA hai? vah batalAte hain —
is AtmAko anAdise indriyagnAn hai; usase svayam amUrtik hai vah to bhAsit nahIn
hotA, parantu sharIr mUrttik hai vahI bhAsit hotA hai aur AtmA kisIko AparUp jAnakar
ahambuddhi dhAraN kare hI kare, so jab svayam pRuthak bhAsit nahIn huA tab unake samudAyarUp
paryAyamen hI ahambuddhi dhAraN karatA hai.
tathA apaneko aur sharIrako nimitta-naimittik sambandha bahut hain, isaliye bhinnatA bhAsit

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nahIn hotI aur jis vichAr dvArA bhinnatA bhAsit hotI hai vah mithyAdarshanake jorase ho nahIn
sakatA, isaliye paryAyamen hI ahambuddhi pAyI jAtI hai.
tathA mithyAdarshanase yah jIv kadAchit bAhya sAmagrIkA sanyog hone par use bhI apanI
mAnatA hai. putra, strI, dhan, dhAnya, hAthI, ghoDe, mahal, kinkar Adi pratyakSha apanese bhinna aur
sadAkAl apane AdhIn nahIn aise svayamko bhAsit hote hain; tathApi unamen mamakAr karatA hai.
putrAdikamen ‘ye hain so main hI hUn’ aisI bhI kadAchit bhramabuddhi hotI hai. tathA mithyAdarshanase
sharIrAdikakA svarUp anyathA hI bhAsit hotA hai. anityako nitya mAnatA hai, bhinnako abhinna
mAnatA hai, dukhake kAraNako sukhakA kAraN mAnatA hai, dukhako sukh mAnatA hai — ityAdi viparIt
bhAsit hotA hai.
is prakAr jIv-ajIv tattvonkA ayathArtha gnAn hone par ayathArtha shraddhAn hotA hai.
Asravatattva sambandhI ayathArtha shraddhAn
tathA is jIvako mohake udayase mithyAtva-kaShAyAdibhAv hote hain, unako apanA svabhAv
mAnatA hai, karmopAdhise hue nahIn jAnatA. darshan-gnAn upayog aur AsravabhAv unako ek
mAnatA hai; kyonki inakA AdhArabhUt to ek AtmA hai aur inakA pariNaman ek hI kAlamen
hotA hai, isaliye ise bhinnapanA bhAsit nahIn hotA aur bhinnapanA bhAsit honekA kAraN jo
vichAr hai so mithyAdarshanake balase ho nahIn sakatA.
tathA ye mithyAtva – kaShAyabhAv AkulatA sahit hain, isaliye varttamAn dukhamay hain aur
karmabandhake kAraN hain, isaliye AgAmI kAlamen dukh karenge — aisA unhen nahIn mAnatA aur bhalA
jAn in bhAvonrUp hokar svayam pravartatA hai. tathA vah dukhI to apane in mithyAtva –
kaShAyabhAvonse hotA hai aur vRuthA hI auronko dukh utpanna karanevAle mAnatA hai. jaise —
dukhI to mithyAshraddhAnase hotA hai, parantu apane shraddhAnake anusAr jo padArtha na pravarte use
dukhadAyak mAnatA hai. tathA dukhI to krodhase hotA hai, parantu jisase krodh kiyA ho usako
dukhadAyak mAnatA hai. dukhI to lobhase hotA hai, parantu iShTa vastukI aprAptiko dukhadAyak
mAnatA hai. — isI prakAr anyatra jAnanA.
tathA in bhAvonkA jaisA phal AtA hai vaisA bhAsit nahIn hotA. inakI tIvratAse
narakAdi hote hain tathA mandatAse svargAdi hote hain, vahAn adhik-kam AkulatA hotI hai. aisA
bhAsit nahIn hotA hai, isaliye ve bure nahIn lagate. kAraN yah hai ki — ve apane kiye
bhAsit hote hain, isaliye unako bure kaise mAne?
is prakAr AsravatattvakA ayathArtha gnAn hone par ayathArtha shraddhAn hotA hai.