Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (English transliteration). Panchava Adhyay.

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 83

bandhatattva sambandhI ayathArtha shraddhAn

tathA in AsravabhAvonse gnAnAvaraNAdi karmonkA bandha hotA hai. unakA uday hone par

gnAn-darshanakI hInatA honA, mithyAtva-kaShAyarUp pariNaman honA, chAhA huA na honA, sukh-dukhakA
kAraN milanA, sharIrasanyog rahanA, gati-jAti-sharIrAdikA utpanna honA, nIch-uchcha kulakA pAnA
hotA hai. inake honemen mUlakAraN karma hai, use yah pahichAnatA nahIn hai, kyonki vah sUkShma
hai, ise dikhAI nahIn detA; tathA vah isako in kAryonkA karttA dikhAI nahIn detA; isaliye
inake honemen yA to apaneko karttA mAnatA hai yA kisI aurako kartA mAnatA hai. tathA apanA
yA anyakA karttApanA bhAsit na ho to mUDh hokar bhavitavyako mAnatA hai.

is prakAr bandhatattvakA ayathArtha gnAn hone par ayathArtha shraddhAn hotA hai.

samvaratattva sambandhI ayathArtha shraddhAn

tathA AsravakA abhAv honA so samvar hai. jo Asravako yathArtha nahIn pahichAne use

samvarakA yathArtha shraddhAn kaise ho? jaise — kisIke ahitarUp AcharaN hai; use vah ahitarUp

bhAsit na ho to usake abhAvako hitarUp kaise mAne? jaise — jIvako AsravakI pravRutti hai;

ise vah ahitarUp bhAsit na ho to usake abhAvarUp samvarako kaise hitarUp mAne?

tathA anAdise is jIvako AsravabhAv hI huA hai, samvar kabhI nahIn huA, isaliye

samvarakA honA bhAsit nahIn hotA. samvar hone par sukh hotA hai vah bhAsit nahIn hotA.
samvarase AgAmI kAlamen dukh nahIn hogA vah bhAsit nahIn hotA. isaliye AsravakA to samvar
karatA nahIn hai aur un anya padArthonko dukhadAyak mAnatA hai, unhInke na honekA upAy
kiyA karatA hai; parantu ve apane AdhIn nahIn hain. vRuthA hI khedakhinna hotA hai.

is prakAr samvaratattvakA ayathArtha gnAn hone par ayathArtha shraddhAn hotA hai.

nirjarAtattva sambandhI ayathArtha shraddhAn

tathA bandhakA ekadesh abhAv honA so nirjarA hai. jo bandhako yathArtha nahIn pahichAne

use nirjarAkA yathArtha shraddhAn kaise ho? jaise — bhakShaN kiye hue viSh Adikase dukhakA honA

na jAne to use naShTa karaneke upAyako kaise bhalA jAne? usI prakAr bandharUp kiye karmonse
dukh honA na jAne to unakI nirjarAke upAyako kaise bhalA jAne?

tathA is jIvako indriyon dvArA sUkShmarUp jo karma unakA to gnAn hotA nahIn hai aur

unamen dukhonke kAraNabhUt shakti hai usakA bhI gnAn nahIn hai; isaliye anya padArthonke hI nimittako
dukhadAyak jAnakar unakA hI abhAv karanekA upAy karatA hai, parantu ve apane AdhIn nahIn

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84 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

hain. tathA kadAchit dukh dUr karaneke nimitta koI iShTa sanyogAdi kArya banatA hai to vah
bhI karmake anusAr banatA hai. isaliye unakA upAy karake vRuthA hI khed karatA hai.

is prakAr nirjarAtattvakA ayathArtha gnAn hone par ayathArtha shraddhAn hotA hai.

mokShatattva sambandhI ayathArtha shraddhAn

tathA sarva karmabandhake abhAvakA nAm mokSha hai. jo bandhako tathA bandhajanit sarva

dukhonko nahIn pahichAne, usako mokShakA yathArtha shraddhAn kaise ho? jaise — kisIko rog hai;

vah us rogako tathA rogajanit dukhako na jAne to sarvathA rogake abhAvako kaise bhalA mAne?
usI prakAr isake karmabandhan hai; yah us bandhanako tathA bandhajanit dukhako na jAne to
sarvathA bandhake abhAvako kaise bhalA jAne?

tathA is jIvako karmonkA aur unakI shaktikA to gnAn hai nahIn; isaliye bAhya

padArthonko dukhakA kAraN jAnakar unakA sarvathA abhAv karanekA upAy karatA hai. tathA yah
to jAnatA hai ki — sarvathA dukh dUr honekA kAraN iShTa sAmagriyonko juTAkar sarvathA sukhI

honA hai, parantu aisA kadApi nahIn ho sakatA. yah vRuthA hI khed karatA hai.

is prakAr mithyAdarshanase mokShatattvakA ayathArtha gnAn honese ayathArtha shraddhAn hai.
is prakAr yah jIv mithyAdarshanake kAraN jIvAdi sAt tattvonkA jo ki prayojanabhUt

hain, unakA ayathArtha shraddhAn karatA hai.

puNya-pAp sambandhI ayathArtha shraddhAn

tathA puNya-pAp hain so inhInke visheSh hain aur in puNya-pApakI ek jAti hai; tathApi

mithyAdarshanase puNyako bhalA jAnatA hai, pApako burA jAnatA hai. puNyase apanI ichchhAnusAr
kinchit kArya bane, usako bhalA jAnatA hai aur pApase ichchhAnusAr kArya nahIn bane, usako
burA jAnatA hai; parantu donon hI AkulatAke kAraN hain isaliye bure hI hain.

tathA yah apanI mAnyatAse vahAn sukh-dukh mAnatA hai. paramArthase jahAn AkulatA hain

vahAn dukh hI hai; isaliye puNya-pApake udayako bhalA-burA jAnanA bhram hI hai.

tathA kitane hI jIv kadAchit puNya-pApake kAraN jo shubh-ashubhabhAv unhen bhalA-

burA jAnate hain vah bhI bhram hI hai; kyonki donon hI karmabandhanake kAraN hain.

is prakAr puNya-pApakA ayathArtha gnAn hone par ayathArtha shraddhAn hotA hai.
is prakAr atattvashraddhAnarUp mithyAdarshanakA svarUp kahA. yah asatyarUp hai, isaliye

isIkA nAm mithyAtva hai aur yah satyashraddhAnase rahit hai, isaliye isIkA nAm adarshan hai.

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 85

mithyAgnAnakA svarUp

ab, mithyAgnAnakA svarUp kahate hain — prayojanabhUt jIvAdi tattvonko ayathArtha jAnanekA

nAm mithyAgnAn hai. usake dvArA unako jAnanemen sanshay, viparyay, anadhyavasAy hotA hai.
vahAn ‘aise hai ki aise hai?’ — is prakAr paraspar viruddhatA sahit dorUp gnAn usakA nAm

sanshay hai. jaise — ‘main AtmA hUn ki sharIr hUn?’ — aisA jAnanA. tathA ‘aisA hI hai’ is

prakAr vastusvarUpase viruddhatA sahit ekarUp gnAn usakA nAm viparyay hai. jaise — ‘main sharIr

hUn’ — aisA jAnanA. tathA ‘kuchh hai’ aisA nirdhArarahit vichAr usakA nAm anadhyavasAy hai.

jaise — ‘main koI hUn’ — aisA jAnanA. is prakAr prayojanabhUt jIvAdi tattvommen sanshay, viparyay,

anadhyavasAyarUp jo jAnanA ho usakA nAm mithyAgnAn hai.

tathA aprayojanabhUt padArthonko yathArtha jAne yA ayathArtha jAne usakI apekShA mithyAgnAn –

samyaggnAn nAm nahIn hai. jis prakAr mithyAdRuShTi rassIko rassI jAne to samyaggnAn nAm nahIn
hotA aur samyagdRuShTi rassIko sAmp jAne to mithyAgnAn nAm nahIn hotA.

yahAn prashna hai ki — pratyakSha sachche-jhUThe gnAnako samyaggnAn – mithyAgnAn kaise na kahen?

samAdhAna — jahAn jAnanekA hI — sach-jhUThakA nirdhAr karanekA — prayojan ho vahAn to

koI padArtha hai usake sach-jhUTh jAnanekI apekShA hI samyaggnAn – mithyAgnAn nAm diyA jAtA hai.

jaise — pratyakSha-parokSha pramANake varNanamen koI padArtha hotA hai; usake sachche jAnanerUp samyaggnAnakA

grahaN kiyA hai aur sanshayAdirUp jAnaneko apramANarUp mithyAgnAn kahA hai. tathA yahAn sansAr –

mokShake kAraNabhUt sach-jhUTh jAnanekA nirdhAr karanA hai, vahAn rassI, sarpAdikakA yathArtha yA anyathA
gnAn sansAr – mokShakA kAraN nahIn hai, isaliye unakI apekShA yahAn samyaggnAn – mithyAgnAn nahIn kahe

hain. yahAn to prayojanabhUt jIvAdik tattvonke hI jAnanekI apekShA samyaggnAn – mithyAgnAn kahe hain.

isI abhiprAyase siddhAntamen mithyAdRuShTike to sarva jAnaneko mithyAgnAn hI kahA aur

samyagdRuShTike sarva jAnaneko samyaggnAn kahA.

yahAn prashna hai ki — mithyAdRuShTiko jIvAdi tattvonkA ayathArtha jAnanA hai, use mithyAgnAn

kaho; parantu rassI, sarpAdikake yathArtha jAnaneko to samyaggnAn kaho.

samAdhAn : — mithyAdRuShTi jAnatA hai, vahAn usako sattA-asattAkA visheSh nahIn hai; isaliye

kAraNaviparyay va svarUpaviparyay va bhedAbhedaviparyayako utpanna karatA hai. vahAn jise jAnatA
hai usake mUlakAraNako nahIn pahichAnatA, anyathA kAraN mAnatA hai; vah to kAraNaviparyay hai.
tathA jise jAnatA hai usake mUlavastutvarUp svarUpako nahIn pahichAnatA, anyathAsvarUp mAnatA

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86 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

hai; vah svarUpaviparyay hai. tathA jise jAnatA hai use yah inase bhinna hai, inase abhinna hai —

aisA nahIn pahichAnatA, anyathA bhinna-abhinnapanA mAnatA hai; so bhedAbhedaviparyay hai. is prakAr
mithyAdRuShTike jAnanemen viparItatA pAyI jAtI hai.

jaise matavAlA mAtAko patnI mAnatA hai, patnIko mAtA mAnatA hai; usI prakAr mithyAdRuShTike

anyathA jAnanA hotA hai. tathA jaise kisI kAlamen matavAlA mAtAko mAtA aur patnIko patnI
bhI jAne to bhI usake nishchayarUp nirdhArase shraddhAnasahit jAnanA nahIn hotA, isaliye usako
yathArtha gnAn nahIn kahA jAtA; usI prakAr mithyAdRuShTi kisI kAlamen kisI padArthako satya bhI
jAne, to bhI usake nishchayarUp nirdhArase shraddhAnasahit jAnanA nahIn hotA; athavA satya bhI
jAne, parantu unase apanA prayojan ayathArtha hI sAdhatA hai; isaliye usake samyaggnAn nahIn
kahA jAtA.

is prakAr mithyAdRuShTike gnAnako mithyAgnAn kahate hain.
yahAn prashna hai ki — is mithyAgnAnakA kAraN kaun hai?

samAdhAna — mohake udayase jo mithyAtvabhAv hotA hai, samyaktva nahIn hotA; vah is

mithyAgnAnakA kAraN hai. jaise — viShake sanyogase bhojanako bhI viSharUp kahate hain, vaise

mithyAtvake sambandhamen gnAn hai so mithyAgnAn nAm pAtA hai.

yahAn koI kahe ki — gnAnAvaraNako nimitta kyon nahIn kahate?

samAdhAna — gnAnAvaraNake udayase to gnAnake abhAvarUp agnAnabhAv hotA hai tathA usake

kShayopashamase kinchit gnAnarUp mati-Adi gnAn hote hain. yadi inamense kisIko mithyAgnAn,
kisIko samyaggnAn kahen to yah donon hI bhAv mithyAdRuShTi tathA samyagdRuShTike pAye jAte hain,
isaliye un dononke mithyAgnAn tathA samyaggnAnakA sadbhAv ho jAyegA aur vah siddhAntase
viruddha hotA hai, isaliye gnAnAvaraNakA nimitta nahIn banatA.

yahAn phi ra pUchhate hain ki — rassI, sarpAdikake ayathArtha-yathArtha gnAnakA kAraN kaun hai?

usako hI jIvAdi tattvonke ayathArtha-yathArtha gnAnakA kAraN kaho?

uttara — jAnanemen jitanA ayathArthapanA hotA hai utanA to gnAnAvaraNake udayase hotA hai;

aur jo yathArthapanA hotA hai utanA gnAnAvaraNake kShayopashamase hotA hai. jaise ki — rassIko sarpa

jAnA vahAn yathArtha jAnanekI shaktikA bAdhakakAraNakA uday hai isaliye ayathArtha jAnatA hai; tathA
rassIko jAnA vahAn yathArtha jAnanekI shaktikA kAraN kShayopasham hai isaliye yathArtha jAnatA hai.
usI prakAr jIvAdi tattvonko yathArtha jAnanekI shakti hone yA na honemen to gnAnAvaraNakA hI
nimitta hai; parantu jaise kisI puruShako kShayopashamase dukhake tathA sukhake kAraNabhUt padArthonko yathArtha

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 87

jAnanekI shakti ho; vahAn jisako asAtAvedanIyakA uday ho vah dukhake kAraNabhUt jo hon
unhInkA vedan karatA hai, sukhake kAraNabhUt padArthonkA vedan nahIn karatA. yadi sukhake kAraNabhUt
padArthonkA vedan kare to sukhI ho jAye, asAtAkA uday honese ho nahIn sakatA. isaliye yahAn
dukhake kAraNabhUt aur sukhake kAraNabhUt padArthonke vedanamen gnAnAvaraNakA nimitta nahIn hai, asAtA-
sAtAkA uday hI kAraNabhUt hai. usI prakAr jIvamen prayojanabhUt jIvAdik tattva tathA
aprayojanabhUt anyako yathArtha jAnanekI shakti hotI hai. vahAn jisake mithyAtvakA uday hotA
hai vah to aprayojanabhUt hon unhInkA vedan karatA hai, jAnatA hai; prayojanabhUtako nahIn jAnatA.
yadi prayojanabhUtako jAne to samyagdarshan ho jAye, parantu vah mithyAtvakA uday hone par ho
nahIn sakatA; isaliye yahAn prayojanabhUt aur aprayojanabhUt padArthonko jAnanemen gnAnAvaraNakA nimitta
nahIn hai; mithyAtvakA uday-anuday hI kAraNabhUt hai.

yahAn aisA jAnanA ki — jahAn ekendriyAdikamen jIvAdi tattvonko yathArtha jAnanekI shakti

hI na ho, vahAn to gnAnAvaraNakA uday aur mithyAtvake udayase huA mithyAdarshan in dononkA
nimitta hai. tathA jahAn sangnI manuShyAdikamen kShayopashamAdi labdhi honese shakti ho aur na jAne,
vahAn mithyAtvake udayakA hI nimitta jAnanA.

isaliye mithyAgnAnakA mukhya kAraN gnAnAvaraNako nahIn kahA, mohake udayase huA bhAv

vahI kAraN kahA hai.

yahAn phi ra prashna hai ki — gnAn hone par shraddhAn hotA hai, isaliye pahale mithyAgnAn

kaho bAdamen mithyAdarshan kaho?

samAdhAna — hai to aisA hI; jAne binA shraddhAn kaise ho? parantu mithyA aur samyak —

aisI sangnA gnAnako mithyAdarshan aur samyagdarshanake nimittase hotI hai. jaise — mithyAdRuShTi aur

samyagdRuShTi suvarNAdi padArthonko jAnate to samAn hain; (parantu) vahI jAnanA mithyAdRuShTike mithyAgnAn
nAm pAtA hai aur samyagdRuShTike samyaggnAn nAm pAtA hai. isI prakAr sarva mithyAgnAn aur
samyaggnAnako mithyAdarshan aur samyagdarshan kAraN jAnanA.

isaliye jahAn sAmAnyatayA gnAn-shraddhAnakA nirUpaN ho vahAn to gnAn kAraNabhUt hai,

use pratham kahanA aur shraddhAn kAryabhUt hai, use bAdamen kahanA. tathA jahAn mithyA – samyak

gnAn-shraddhAnakA nirUpaN ho vahAn shraddhAn kAraNabhUt hai, use pahale kahanA aur gnAn kAryabhUt
hai use bAdamen kahanA.

phi ra prashna hai ki — gnAn — shraddhAn to yugapat hote hain, unamen kAraN-kAryapanA kaise

kahate ho?

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88 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

samAdhAn : — vah ho to vah ho — is apekShA kAraNakAryapanA hotA hai. jaise — dIpak

aur prakAsh yugapat hote hain; tathApi dIpak ho to prakAsh ho, isaliye dIpak kAraN hai
prakAsh kArya hai. usI prakAr gnAn — shraddhAnake hai. athavA mithyAdarshan-mithyAgnAn ke va

samyagdarshan-samyaggnAnake kAraN-kAryapanA jAnanA.

phi ra prashna hai ki — mithyAdarshanake sanyogase hI mithyAgnAn nAm pAtA hai, to ek

mithyAdarshanako hI sansArakA kAraN kahanA thA, mithyAgnAnako alag kisaliye kahA?

samAdhAn : — gnAnakI hI apekShA to mithyAdRuShTi aur samyagdRuShTike kShayopashamase hue yathArtha

gnAnamen kuchh visheSh nahIn hai tathA vah gnAn kevalagnAnamen bhI jA milatA hai, jaise nadI samudramen
milatI hai. isaliye gnAnamen kuchh doSh nahIn hai. parantu kShayopasham gnAn jahAn lagatA hai vahAn
ek gneyamen lagatA hai; aur is mithyAdarshanake nimittase vah gnAn anya gneyomen to lagatA hai,
parantu prayojanabhUt jIvAdi tattvonkA yathArtha nirNay karanemen nahIn lagatA. so yah gnAnamen doSh
huA; ise mithyAgnAn kahA. tathA jIvAdi tattvonkA yathArtha shraddhAn nahIn hotA so yah shraddhAnamen
doSh huA; ise mithyAdarshan kahA. aise lakShaNabhedase mithyAdarshan, mithyAgnAnako bhinna kahA.

is prakAr mithyAgnAnakA svarUp kahA. isIko tattvagnAnake abhAvase agnAn kahate

hain aur apanA prayojan nahIn sAdhatA, isaliye isIko kugnAn kahate hain.

mithyAchAritrakA svarUp

ab mithyAchAritrakA svarUp kahate hain — chAritramohake udayase jo kaShAyabhAv hotA hai

usakA nAm mithyAchAritra hai. yahAn apane svabhAvarUp pravRutti nahIn hai, jhUThI par-svabhAvarUp
pravRutti karanA chAhatA hai so banatI nahIn hai; isaliye isakA nAm mithyAchAritra hai.

vahI batalAte hain — apanA svabhAv to dRuShTA-gnAtA hai; so svayam keval dekhanevAlA-

jAnanevAlA to rahatA nahIn hai, jin padArthonko dekhatA-jAnatA hai unamen iShTa-aniShTapanA mAnatA
hai, isaliye rAgI-dveShI hokar kisIkA sadbhAv chAhatA hai, kisIkA abhAv chAhatA hai, parantu
unakA sadbhAv yA abhAv isakA kiyA huA hotA nahIn, kyonki koI dravya kisI dravyakA
karttA-harttA hai nahIn, sarva dravya apane-apane svabhAvarUp pariNamit hote hain; yah vRuthA hI
kaShAyabhAvase Akulit hotA hai.

tathA kadAchit jaisA yah chAhe vaisA hI padArtha pariNamit ho to vah apane pariNamAnese

to pariNamit huA nahIn hai. jaise gADI chalatI hai; aur bAlak use dhakkA dekar aisA mAne

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 89

ki main ise chalA rahA hUn to vah asatya mAnatA hai; yadi usake chalAnese chalatI ho to jab
vah nahIn chalatI tab kyon nahIn chalAtA? usI prakAr padArtha pariNamit hote hain aur yah jIv
unakA anusaraN karake aisA mAnatA hai ki inako main aisA pariNamit kar rahA hUn, parantu vah
asatya mAnatA hai; yadi usake pariNamAnese pariNamit hote hain to ve vaise pariNamit nahIn hote
tab kyon nahIn pariNamAtA? so jaisA svayam chAhatA hai vaisA padArthakA pariNaman kadAchit aise
hI ban jAy tab hotA hai. bahut pariNaman to jinhen svayam nahIn chAhatA vaise hI hote dekhe
jAte hain, isalie yah nishchay hai ki apane karanese kisIkA sadbhAv yA abhAv hotA nahIn.

tathA yadi apane karanese sadbhAv-abhAv hote hI nahIn to kaShAyabhAv karanese kyA ho?

keval svayam hI dukhI hotA hai. jaise — kisI vivAhAdi kAryomen jisakA kuchh bhI kahA nahIn

hotA, vah yadi svayam karttA hokar kaShAy kare to svayam hI dukhI hotA hai — usI prakAr jAnanA.

isaliye kaShAyabhAv karanA aisA hai jaise jalakA bilonA kuchh kAryakArI nahIn hai.

isaliye in kaShAyonkI pravRuttiko mithyAchAritra kahate hain.

iShTa-aniShTakI mithyA kalpanA

tathA kaShAyabhAv hote hain so padArthonko iShTa-aniShTa mAnane par hote hain, so iShTa-aniShTa

mAnanA bhI mithyA hai; kyonki koI padArtha iShTa-aniShTa hai nahIn.

kaise? so kahate hain — jo apaneko sukhadAyak – upakArI ho use iShTa kahate hain; apaneko

dukhadAyak – anupakArI ho use aniShTa kahate hain. lokamen sarva padArtha apane-apane svabhAvake hI

karttA hain, koI kisIko sukh-dukhadAyak, upakArI-anupakArI hai nahIn. yah jIv hI apane
pariNAmommen unhen sukhadAyak – upakArI mAnakar iShTa jAnatA hai athavA dukhadAyak – anupakArI

jAnakar aniShTa mAnatA hai; kyonki ek hI padArtha kisIko iShTa lagatA hai, kisIko aniShTa lagatA
hai. jaise – jise vastra na milatA ho use moTA vastra iShTa lagatA hai aur jise patalA vastra milatA

hai use vah aniShTa lagatA hai. sUkarAdiko viShTA iShTa lagatI hai, devAdiko aniShTa lagatI hai.
kisIko meghavarShA iShTa lagatI hai, kisIko aniShTa lagatI hai. — isI prakAr anya jAnanA.

tathA isI prakAr ek jIvako bhI ek hI padArtha kisI kAlamen iShTa lagatA hai, kisI

kAlamen aniShTa lagatA hai. tathA yah jIv jise mukhyarUpase iShTa mAnatA hai, vah bhI aniShTa
hotA dekhA jAtA hai — ityAdi jAnanA. jaise — sharIr iShTa hai, parantu rogAdi sahit ho tab

aniShTa ho jAtA hai; putrAdik iShTa hain, parantu kAraN milane par aniShTa hote dekhe jAte hain —

ityAdi jAnanA. tathA yah jIv jise mukhyarUpase aniShTa mAnatA hai, vah bhI iShTa hotA dekhate
hain. jaise — gAlI aniShTa lagatI hai, parantu sasurAlamen iShTa lagatI hai. ityAdi jAnanA.

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90 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

is prakAr padArthamen iShTa-aniShTapanA hai nahIn. yadi padArthamen iShTa-aniShTapanA hotA to jo

padArtha iShTa hotA vah sabhIko iShTa hI hotA aur aniShTa hotA vah aniShTa hI hotA; parantu
aisA hai nahIn. yah jIv kalpanA dvArA unhen iShTa-aniShTa mAnatA hai so yah kalpanA jhUThI hai.

tathA padArtha sukhadAyak – upakArI yA dukhadAyak – anupakArI hotA hai so apane Ap

nahIn hotA, parantu puNya-pApake udayAnusAr hotA hai. jisake puNyakA uday hotA hai, usako
padArthonkA sanyog sukhadAyak – upakArI hotA hai aur jisake pApakA uday hotA hai use padArthonkA

sanyog dukhadAyak – anupakArI hotA hai. — aisA pratyakSha dekhate hain. kisIko strI-putrAdik

sukhadAyak hain, kisIko dukhadAyak hain; kisIko vyApAr karanese lAbh hai, kisIko nukasAn
hai; kisIke shatru bhI dAs hojAte hain, kisIke putra bhI ahitakArI hotA hai. isaliye jAnA
jAtA hai ki padArtha apane Ap iShTa-aniShTa nahIn hote, parantu karmodayake anusAr pravartate hain.
jaise kisIke naukar apane svAmIke kahe anusAr kisI puruShako iShTa-aniShTa utpanna karen to
vah kuchh naukaronkA karttavya nahIn hai, unake svAmIkA karttavya hai. koI naukaronko hI iShTa-
aniShTa mAne to jhUTh hai. usI prakAr karmake udayase prApta hue padArtha karmake anusAr jIvako
iShTa-aniShTa utpanna karen to vah koI padArthonkA karttavya nahIn hai, karmakA karttavya hai. yadi
padArthonko hI iShTa-aniShTa mAne to jhUTh hai.

isaliye yah bAt siddha huI ki padArthonko iShTa-aniShTa mAnakar unamen rAg-dveSh karanA

mithyA hai.

yahAn koI kahe ki — bAhya vastuonkA sanyog karmanimittase banatA hai, tab karmomen to

rAg-dveSh karanA?

samAdhAna — karma to jaD hain, unake kuchh sukh-dukh denekI ichchhA nahIn hai. tathA ve

svayamev to karmarUp pariNamit hote nahIn hain, isake bhAvonke nimittase karmarUp hote hain. jaise —

koI apane hAthase patthar lekar apanA sir phoD le to pattharakA kyA doSh hai? usI prakAr
jIv apane rAgAdik bhAvonse pudgalako karmarUp pariNamit karake apanA burA kare to karmakA
kyA doSh hai? isaliye karmase bhI rAg-dveSh karanA mithyA hai.

is prakAr paradravyonko iShTa-aniShTa mAnakar rAg-dveSh karanA mithyA hai. yadi paradravya

iShTa-aniShTa hote aur vahAn rAg-dveSh karatA to mithyA nAm na pAtA; ve to iShTa-aniShTa hain
nahIn aur yah iShTa-aniShTa mAnakar rAg-dveSh karatA hai, isaliye is pariNamanako mithyA kahA
hai. mithyArUp jo pariNaman, usakA nAm mithyAchAritra hai.

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 91

rAg-dveShakA vidhAn va vistAr

ab, is jIvake rAg-dveSh hote hain, unakA vidhAn aur vistAr batalAte hain : —

pratham to is jIvako paryAyamen ahambuddhi hai so apaneko aur sharIrako ek jAnakar

prarvatatA hai. tathA is sharIramen apaneko suhAye aisI iShTa avasthA hotI hai usamen rAg karatA
hai; apaneko na suhAye aisI aniShTa avasthA hotI hai usamen dveSh karatA hai. tathA sharIrakI
iShTa avasthAke kAraNabhUt bAhya padArthommen to rAg karatA hai aur usake ghAtakommen dveSh karatA
hai. tathA sharIrakI aniShTa avasthAke kAraNabhUt bAhya padArthommen to dveSh karatA hai aur unake
ghAtakommen rAg karatA hai. tathA inamen jin bAhya padArthon se rAg karatA hai unake kAraNabhUt
anya padArthommen rAg karatA hai aur unake ghAtakommen dveSh karatA hai. tathA jin bAhya padArthonse
dveSh karatA hai unake kAraNabhUt anya padArthommen dveSh karatA hai aur unake ghAtakommen rAg karatA
hai. tathA inamen bhI jinase rAg karatA hai unake kAraN va ghAtak anya padArthommen rAg-dveSh
karatA hai. tathA jinase dveSh hai unake kAraN va ghAtak anya padArthommen dveSh va rAg karatA
hai. isI prakAr rAg-dveShakI paramparA pravartatI hai.

tathA kitane hI bAhya padArtha sharIrakI avasthAko kAraN nahI hain unamen bhI rAg-dveSh

karatA hai. jaise — gAy Adiko bachchonse kuchh sharIrakA iShTa nahIn hotA tathApi vahAn rAg karate

hain aur kutte Adiko billI Adise kuchh sharIrakA aniShTa nahIn hotA tathApi vahAn dveSh karate
hain. tathA kitane hI varNa, gandh, shabdAdike avalokanAdikase sharIrako iShTa nahIn hotA tathApi
unamen rAg karatA hai. kitane hI varNAdikake avalokanAdikase sharIrako aniShTa nahIn hotA
tathApi unamen dvoSh karatA hai. — is prakAr bhinna bAhya padArthommen rAg-dveSh hotA hai.

tathA inamen bhI jinase rAg karatA hai unake kAraN aur ghAtak anya padArthommen rAg

va dveSh karatA hai. aur jinase dveSh karatA hai unake kAraN aur ghAtak anya padArthommen
dveSh va rAg karatA hai. isI prakAr yahAn bhI rAg-dveShakI paramparA pravartatI hai.

yahAn prashna hai ki — anya padArthommen to rAg-dveSh karanekA prayojan jAnA, parantu pratham

hI mUlabhUt sharIrakI avasthAmen tathA jo sharIrakI avasthAko kAraN nahIn hain, un padArthommen
iShTa-aniShTa mAnanekA prayojan kyA hai?

samAdhAn : — jo pratham mUlabhUt sharIrakI avasthA Adik hain, unamen bhI prayojan

vichArakar rAg-dveSh kare to mithyAchAritra nAm kyon pAye? unamen binA hI prayojan rAg-dveSh
karatA hai aur unhInke artha anyase rAg-dveSh karatA hai, isaliye sarva rAg-dveSh pariNatikA
nAm mithyAchAritra kahA hai.

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92 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

yahAn prashna hai ki — sharIrakI avasthA evan bAhya padArthommen iShTa-aniShTa mAnanekA prayojan

to bhAsit nahIn hotA aur iShTa-aniShTa mAne binA rahA bhI nahIn jAtA; so kAraN kyA?

samAdhAna — is jIvake chAritramohake udayase rAg-dveShabhAv hote hain aur ve bhAv kisI

padArthake Ashray binA ho nahIn sakate. jaise — rAg ho to kisI padArthamen hotA hai, dveSh ho

to kisI padArthamen hotA hai. — is prakAr un padArthonke aur rAg-dveShake nimitta-naimittik

sambandha hai. vahAn visheSh itanA hai ki — kitane hI padArtha to mukhyarUpase rAgake kAraN hain

aur kitane hI padArtha mukhyarUpase dveShake kAraN hain. kitane hI padArtha kisIko kisI kAlamen
rAgake kAraN hote hain tathA kisIko kisI kAlamen dveShake kAraN hote hain.

yahAn itanA jAnanA — ek kArya honemen anek kAraN chAhiye so rAgAdik honemen

antarang kAraN mohakA uday hai vah to balavAn hai aur bAhya kAraN padArtha hai vah balavAn
nahIn hai. mahA muniyonko moh manda honese bAhya padArthonkA nimitta hone par bhI rAg-dveSh utpanna
nahIn hote. pApI jIvonko moh tIvra honese bAhya kAraN na hone par bhI unake sankalpahIse
rAg-dveSh hote hain. isaliye mohakA uday honese rAgAdik hote hain. vahAn jis bAhya padArthake
Ashrayase rAgabhAv honA ho, usamen binA hI prayojan athavA kuchh prayojanasahit iShTabuddhi hotI
hai. tathA jis padArthake Ashrayase dveShabhAv honA ho usamen binA hI prayojan athavA kuchh
prayojanasahit aniShTabuddhi hotI hai. isaliye mohake udayase padArthonko iShTa-aniShTa mAne binA
rahA nahIn jAtA.

is prakAr padArthommen iShTa-aniShTabuddhi hone par jo rAg-dveSharUp pariNaman hotA hai, usakA

nAm mithyAchAritra jAnanA.

tathA in rAg-dveShonhIke visheSh krodh, mAn, mAyA, lobh, hAsya, rati, arati, shok,

bhay, jugupsA, strIved, puruShaved, napunsakavedarUp kaShAyabhAv hain; ve sab is mithyAchAritrahIke
bhed jAnanA. inakA varNan pahale kiyA hI hai1.

tathA is mithyAchAritramen svarUpAcharaNachAritrakA abhAv hai, isaliye isakA nAm achAritra

bhI kahA jAtA hai. tathA yahAn ve pariNAm miTate nahIn hain athavA virakta nahIn hain, isaliye
isIkA nAm asanyam kahA jAtA hai yA avirati kahA jAtA hai. kyonki pAnch indriyAn aur
manake viShayommen tathA panchasthAvar aur trasakI hinsAmen svachchhandapanA ho tathA unake tyAgarUp bhAv
nahIn ho, vahI bArah prakArakA asanyam yA avirati hai. kaShAyabhAv hone par aise kArya hote
hain, isaliye mithyAchAritrakA nAm asanyam yA avirati jAnanA. tathA isIkA nAm avrat

1. pRuShTha 38, 52

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chauthA adhikAr ][ 93

jAnanA — kyonki hinsA, anRut, astey, abrahma, parigrah — in pApakAryommen pravRuttikA nAm avrat

hai. inakA mUlakAraN pramattayog kahA hai. pramattayog hai vah kaShAyamay hai, isaliye
mithyAchAritrakA nAm avrat bhI kahA jAtA hai.

aise mithyAchAritrakA svarUp kahA.

❉

isaprakAr is sansArI jIvake mithyAdarshan, mithyAgnAn, mithyAchAritrarUp pariNaman anAdise

pAyA jAtA hai. aisA pariNaman ekendriyAdi asangnI paryanta to sarva jIvonke pAyA jAtA hai. tathA
sangnI panchendriyommen samyagdRuShTiko chhoDakar anya sarva jIvonke aisA hI pariNaman pAyA jAtA hai.
pariNamanamen jaisA jahAn sambhav ho vaisA vahAn jAnanA. jaise — ekendriyAdikonko indriyAdikakI hInatA-

adhikatA pAI jAtI hai aur dhan-putrAdikakA sambandha manuShyAdikako hI pAyA jAtA hai. inhInke
nimittase mithyAdarshanAdikakA varNan kiyA hai. usamen jaisA visheSh sambhav ho vaisA jAnanA.

tathA ekandriyAdik jIv indriy, sharIrAdikakA nAm nahIn jAnate; parantu us nAmake

artharUp jo bhAv hai usamen pUrvokta prakArase pariNaman pAyA jAtA hai. jaise — main sparshanase

sparsha karatA hUn. sharIr merA hai aisA nAm nahIn jAnatA, tathApi usake artharUp jo bhAv
hai usarUp pariNamit hotA hai. tathA manuShyAdik kitane hI nAm bhI jAnate hain aur unake
bhAvarUp pariNaman karate hain — ityAdi visheSh sambhav hain unhen jAn lenA.

mohakI mahimA

aise ye mithyAdarshanAdik bhAv jIvake anAdise pAye jAte hain, navIn grahaN nahIn kiye

hain. dekho isakI mahimA, ki jo paryAy dhAraN karatA hai vahAn binA hI sikhAye mohake udayase
svayamev aisA hI pariNaman hotA hai. tathA manuShyAdikako satyavichAr honeke kAraN milane
par bhI samyakpariNaman nahIn hotA; aur shrIguruke upadeshakA nimitta bane, ve bArambAr samajhAyen,
parantu yah kuchh vichAr nahIn karatA. tathA svayamko bhI pratyakSha bhAsit ho vah to nahIn mAnatA
aur anyathA hI mAnatA hai. kis prakAr? so kahate hain —

maraN hone par sharIr-AtmA pratyakSha bhinna hote hain. ek sharIrako chhoDakar AtmA anya

sharIr dhAraN karatA hai; vahAn vyantarAdik apane pUrvabhavakA sambandha pragaT karate dekhe jAte hain;
parantu isako sharIrase bhinnabuddhi nahIn ho sakatI. strI-putrAdik apane svArthake sage pratyakSha
dekhe jAte hain; unakA prayojan siddha na ho tabhI viparIt hote dikhAI dete hain; yah unamen
mamatva karatA hai aur unake artha narakAdikamen gamanake kAraNabhUt nAnAprakArake pAp utpanna karatA

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94 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

hai. dhanAdik sAmagrI kisIkI kisIke hotI dekhI jAtI hai, yah unhen apanI mAnatA hai.
tathA sharIrakI avasthA aur bAhya sAmagrI svayamev utpanna hotI tathA vinaShTa hotI dikhAI detI
hai, yah vRuthA svayam karttA hotA hai. vahAn jo kArya apane manorathake anusAr hotA hai use
to kahatA hai — ‘mainne kiyA’; aur anyathA ho to kahatA hai — ‘main kyA karUn?’ aisA hI honA

thA athavA aisA kyon huA? — aisA mAnatA hai. parantu yA to sarvathA karttA hI honA thA

yA akarttA rahanA thA, so vichAr nahIn hai.

tathA maraN avashya hogA aisA jAnatA hai, parantu maraNakA nishchay karake kuchh karttavya

nahIn karatA; is paryAy sambandhI hI yatna karatA hai. tathA maraNakA nishchay karake kabhI to
kahatA hai ki — main marUngA aur sharIrako jalA denge. kabhI kahatA hai — mujhe jalA denge.

kabhI kahatA hai — yash rahA to ham jIvit hI hain. kabhI kahatA hai — putrAdik rahenge to

main hI jIUngA. — is prakAr pAgalakI bhAnti bakatA hai, kuchh sAvadhAnI nahIn hai.

tathA apaneko paralokamen jAnA hai yah pratyakSha jAnatA hai; usake to iShTa-aniShTakA yah

kuchh bhI upAy nahIn karatA aur yahAn putra, pautra Adi merI santatimen bahut kAl tak iShTa
banA rahe — aniShTa na ho; aise anek upAy karatA hai. kisIke paralok jAneke bAd is

lokakI sAmagrI dvArA upakAr huA dekhA nahIn hai, parantu isako paralok honekA nishchay hone
par bhI is lokakI sAmagrIkA hI pAlan rahatA hai.

tathA viShay-kaShAyonkI pariNatise tathA hinsAdi kAryon dvArA svayam dukhI hotA hai,

khedakhinna hotA hai, dUsaronkA shatru hotA hai, is lokamen nindya hotA hai, paralokamen burA hotA
hai — aisA svayam pratyakSha jAnatA hai tathApi unhImmen pravartatA hai. — ityAdi anek prakArase pratyakSha

bhAsit ho usakA bhI anyathA shraddhAn karatA hai, jAnatA hai, AcharaN karatA hai; so yah
mohakA mAhAtmya hai.

is prakAr yah jIv anAdise mithyAdarshan-gnAn-chAritrarUp pariNamit ho rahA hai. isI

pariNamanase sansAramen anek prakArakA dukh utpanna karanevAle karmonkA sambandha pAyA jAtA hai.
yahI bhAv dukhonke bIj hain anya koI nahIn.

isaliye he bhavya! yadi dukhonse mukta honA chAhatA hai to in mithyAdarshanAdik

vibhAvabhAvonkA abhAv karanA hI kArya hai; is kAryake karanese terA param kalyAN hogA.

iti shrI mokShamArgaprakAshak nAmak shAstramen mithyAdarshan-gnAn-chAritrake nirUpaNarUp

chauthA adhikAr samApta huA ..4..

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pAnchavAn adhikAr

vividhamat-samIkShA

dohA — bahuvidhi mithyA gahanakari, malin bhayo nij bhAv,
tAko hot abhAv hai, sahajarUp darasAv ..

ab, yah jIv pUrvokta prakArase anAdihIse mithyAdarshan-gnAn-chAritrarUp pariNamit ho

rahA hai. usase sansAramen dukh sahatA huA kadAchit manuShyAdi paryAyommen visheSh shraddhAnAdi karanekI
shaktiko pAtA hai. vahAn yadi visheSh mithyAshraddhAnAdikake kAraNonse un mithyAshraddhAnAdikakA
poShaN kare to us jIvakA dukhase mukta honA ati durlabh hotA hai.

jaise koI puruSh rogI hai, vah kuchh sAvadhAnIko pAkar kupathya sevan kare to us

rogIkA sulajhanA kaThin hI hogA. usI prakAr yah jIv mithyAtvAdi sahit hai, vah kuchh
gnAnAdi shaktiko pAkar visheSh viparIt shraddhAnAdikake kAraNonkA sevan kare to is jIvakA
mukta honA kaThin hI hogA.

isaliye jis prakAr vaidya kupathyonke visheSh batalAkar unake sevanakA niShedh karatA

hai, usI prakAr yahAn visheSh mithyAshraddhAnAdikake kAraNonkA visheSh batalAkar unakA niShedh karate
hain.

yahAn anAdise jo mithyAtvAdibhAv pAye jAte hain unhen to agRuhIt mithyAtvAdi jAnanA,

kyonki ve navIn grahaN nahIn kiye hain. tathA unake puShTa karaneke kAraNonse visheSh mithyAtvAdibhAv
hote hain, unhen gRuhIt mithyAtvAdi jAnanA. vahAn agRuhIt mithyAtvAdikA varNan to pahale kiyA
hai vah jAnanA aur ab gRuhIt mithyAtvAdikA nirUpaN karate hain so jAnanA.

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96 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

kudev-kuguru-kudharma aur kalpit tattvonkA shraddhAn to mithyAdarshan hai. tathA jinamen

viparIt nirUpaN dvArA rAgAdikA poShaN kiyA ho aise kushAstrommen shraddhAnapUrvak abhyAs so
mithyAgnAn hai. tathA jis AcharaNamen kaShAyonkA sevan ho aur use dharmarUp angIkAr karen
so mithyAchAritra hai.

ab, inhInko visheSh batalAte hain —

indra, lokapAl ityAdi; tathA advait brahma, rAm, kRiShNa, mahAdev, buddha, khudA, pIr, paigambar

ityAdi; tathA hanumAn, bhairon, kShetrapAl, devI, dahADI, satI ityAdi; tathA shItalA, chauth, sAnjhI,
ganagaur, holI ityAdi; tathA sUrya, chandramA, grah, aut, pitRu, vyantar ityAdi; tathA gAy, sarpa
ityAdi; tathA agni, jal, vRukSha ityAdi; tathA shastra, davAt, bartan ityAdi anek hain; unakA
anyathA shraddhAn karake unako pUjate hain aur unase apanA kArya siddha karanA chAhate hain, parantu
ve kAryasiddhike kAraN nahIn hain. isaliye aise shraddhAnako gRuhitamithyAtva kahate hain.

vahAn unakA anyathA shraddhAn kaise hotA hai so kahate hain —

sarvavyApI advait brahma

advait brahma✽ko sarvavyApI sarvakA karttA mAnate hain, so koI hai nahIn. pratham use

sarvavyApI mAnate hain so sarva padArtha to nyAre-nyAre pratyakSha hain tathA unake svabhAv nyAre-nyAre
dekhe jAte hain, unhen ek kaise mAnA jAye? inakA mAnanA to in prakAronse hai —

ek prakAr to yah hai ki — sarva nyAre-nyAre hain, unake samudAyakI kalpanA karake usakA

kuchh nAm rakh len. jaise ghoDA, hAthI Adi bhinna-bhinna hain; unake samudAyakA nAm senA hai,
unase bhinna koI senA vastu nahIn hai. so is prakArase sarva padArtha jinakA nAm brahma hai vah
brahma koI bhinna vastu to siddha nahIn huI, kalpanA mAtra hI ThaharI.

tathA ek prakAr yah hai ki — vyakti apekShA to nyAre-nyAre hain, unhen jAti apekShA —

kalpanAse ek kahA jAtA hai. jaise — sau ghoDe hain so vyakti apekShA to bhinna-bhinna sau hI

hain, unake AkArAdikI samAnatA dekhakar ek jAti kahate hain, parantu vah jAti unase koI

✽

‘sarva vaikhalvidan brahma’ chhAndogyopaniShad pra0 khan0 14 man0 1

‘neh nAnAstirkichan’ kaThopaniShad a0 2 va0 41 man0 11
brahmaivedamamRutan purastAd brahmadakShiNatapashchottareNa.
aghashchordhvan cha prasRutan brahmaivedan vishvamidan variShTham .. muNDako0 khan0 3 man0 11

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pAnchavAn adhikAr ][ 97

bhinna hI to hai nahIn. so is prakArase yadi sabahIkI kisI ek jAti- apekShA ek brahma
mAnA jAy to brahma koI bhinna to siddha huA nahIn.

tathA ek prakAr yah hai ki — padArtha nyAre-nyAre hain, unake milApase ek skandha ho

use ek kahate hain. jaise jalake paramANu nyAre-nyAre hain, unakA milAp hone par samudrAdi
kahate hain; tathA jaise pRithvIke paramANuonkA milAp hone par ghaT Adi kahate hain; parantu yahAn
samudrAdi va ghaTAdik hain, ve un paramANuonse bhinna koI alag vastu to nahIn hai. so is
prakArase sarva padArtha nyAre-nyAre hain, parantu kadAchit milakar ek ho jAte hain vah brahma hai —

aisA mAnA jAye to inase alag to koI brahma siddha nahIn huA.

tathA ek prakAr yah hai ki — ang to nyAre-nyAre hain aur jisake ang hain vah angI

ek hai. jaise netra, hasta, padAdik bhinna-bhinna hain aur jisake yah hain vah manuShya ek hai.
so is prakArase yah sarva padArtha to ang hain aur jisake yah hain vah angI brahma hai. yah
sarva lok virAT svarUp brahmakA ang hai — aisA mAnate hain to manuShyake hastapAdAdik angommen

paraspar antarAl hone par to ekatvapanA nahIn rahatA, juDe rahane par hI ek sharIr nAm pAte
hain. so lokamen to padArthonke paraspar antarAl bhAsit hotA hai; phi ra usakA ekatvapanA kaise
mAnA jAy? antarAl hone par bhI ekatva mAnen to bhinnapanA kahAn mAnA jAyegA?

yahAn koI kahe ki — samasta padArthonke madhyamen sUkShmarUp brahmake ang hain unake dvArA sab

juD rahe hain. usase kahate hain —

jo ang jis angase juDA hai vah usIse juDA rahatA hai yA TUT-TUTakar anya-anya

angonse juDatA rahatA hai? yadi pratham pakSha grahaN karegA to sUryAdi gaman karate hain, unake
sAth jin sUkShma angonse vah juDatA hai ve gaman karenge. tathA unake gaman karanese ve sUkShma
ang anya sthUl angonse juDe rahate hain ve bhI gaman karenge — is prakAr sarvalok asthir ho

jAyegA. jis prakAr sharIrakA ek ang khInchane par sarva ang khich jAte hain; usI prakAr
ek padArthake gamanAdi karanese sarva padArthonke gamanAdi honge so bhAsit nahIn hotA. tathA yadi
dvitIy pakSha grahaN karegA to ang TUTanese bhinnapanA ho hI jAtA hai, tab ekatvapanA kaise
rahA? isaliye sarva-lokake ekatvako brahma mAnanA kaise sambhav ho sakatA hai?

tathA ek prakAr yah hai ki — pahale ek thA, phi ra anek huA, phi ra ek ho jAtA

hai; isaliye ek hai. jaise jal ek thA, so bartanommen alag-alag huA, phi ra milatA hai
tab ek ho jAtA hai. tathA jaise — sonekA ek DalA thA, so kankan-kuNDalAdirUp huA,

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phi ra milakar sonekA DalA ho jAtA hai. usI prakAr brahma ek thA, phi ra anekarUp huA
aur phi ra ek hogA, isaliye ek hI hai.

is prakAr ekatva mAnatA hai to jab anekarUp huA tab juDA rahA yA bhinna huA?

yadi juDA rahA kahegA to pUrvokta doSh AyegA. bhinna huA kahegA to us kAl to ekatva
nahIn rahA. tathA jal, suvarNAdikako bhinna hone par bhI ek kahate hain vah to ek jAti
apekShAse kahate hain, parantu yahAn sarva padArthonkI ek jAti bhAsit nahIn hotI. koI chetan
hai, koI achetan hai, ityAdi anek rUp hain; unakI ek jAti kaise kahen? tathA pahale ek
thA, phi ra bhinna huA mAnate hain to jaise ek pAShAN phU Takar TukaDe ho jAtA hai usI prakAr
brahmake khaNDa ho gaye, phi ra unakA ikaTThA honA mAnatA hai to vahAn unakA svarUp bhinna rahatA
hai yA ek ho jAtA hai? yadi bhinna rahatA hai to vahAn apane-apane svarUpase bhinna hI hain
aur ek ho jAte hain to jaD bhI chetan ho jAyegA va chetan jaD ho jAyagA. vahAn anek
vastuonkI ek vastu huI tab kisI kAlamen anek vastu, kisI kAlamen ek vastu aisA kahanA
banegA, ‘anAdi-ananta ek brahma hai’ — aisA kahanA nahIn banegA.

tathA yadi kahegA ki lok-rachanA honese va na honese brahma jaisAkA taisA hI rahatA hai,

isaliye brahma anAdi-ananta hai. to ham pUchhate hain ki lokamen pRithvI, jalAdik dekhe jAte hain ve
alag navIn utpanna hue hain yA brahma hI in svarUp huA hai? yadi alag navIn utpanna hue hain
to ve nyAre hue, brahma nyArA rahA; sarvavyApI advait brahma nahIn ThaharA. tathA yadi brahma hI in
svarUp huA to kadAchit lok huA, kadAchit brahma huA, phi ra jaisAkA taisA kaisA rahA?

tathA vah kahatA hai ki — sabhI brahma to lokasvarUp nahIn hotA, usakA koI ansh

hotA hai. usase kahate hain — jaise samudrakA ek bindu viSharUp huA, vahAn sthUl dRuShTise to

gamya nahIn hai, parantu sUkShmadRuShTi dene par to bindu apekShA samudrake anyathApanA huA. usI
prakAr brahmakA ek ansh bhinna hokar lokarUp huA, vahAn sthUl vichArase to gamya nahIn hai,
parantu sUkShma vichAr karane par to ek ansh apekShAse brahmake anyathApanA huA. yah anyathApanA
aur to kisIke huA nahIn hai.

is prakAr sarvarUp brahmako mAnanA bhram hI hai.
tathA ek prakAr yah hai — jaise AkAsh sarvavyApI ek hai, usI prakAr brahma sarvavyApI

ek hai. yadi is prakAr mAnatA hai to AkAshavat baDA brahmako mAn aur jahAn ghaTapaTAdik
hain vahAn jis prakAr AkAsh hai usI prakAr brahma bhI hai — aisA bhI mAn, parantu jis prakAr

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pAnchavAn adhikAr ][ 99

ghaTapaTAdikako aur AkAshako ek hI kahen to kaise banegA? usI prakAr lokako aur brahmako
ek mAnanA kaise sambhav hai. tathA AkAshakA lakShaN to sarvatra bhAsit hai, isaliye usakA
to sarvatra sadbhAv mAnate hain; brahmakA lakShaN to sarvatra bhAsit nahIn hotA, isaliye usakA
sarvatra sadbhAv kaise mAnen. is prakArase bhI sarvarUp brahma nahIn hai.

aisA vichAr karane par kisI bhI prakArase ek brahma sambhavit nahIn hai. sarva padArtha

bhinna - bhinna hI bhAsit hote hain.

yahAn prativAdI kahatA hai ki — sarva ek hI hai, parantu tumhen bhram hai, isaliye tumhen ek

bhAsit nahIn hotA. tathA tumane yukti kahI so brahmakA svarUp yuktigamya nahIn hai, vachan-agochar
hai. ek bhI hai; anek bhI hai; bhinna bhI hai, milA bhI hai. usakI mahimA aisI hI hai.

usase kahate hain ki — pratyakSha tujhako va hamako va sabako bhAsit hotA hai use to

tU bhram kahatA hai. aur yuktise anumAn karen so tU kahatA hai ki sachchA svarUp yuktigamya
hai hI nahIn. tathA vah kahatA hai — sachchA svarUp vachan-agochar hai to vachan binA kaise nirNay

karen? tathA kahatA hai — ek bhI hai, anek bhI hai; bhinna bhI hai, milA bhI hai; parantu unakI

apekShA nahIn batalAtA; bAvalekI bhAnti aise bhI hai, aise bhI hai — aisA kahakar isakI mahimA

batalAtA hai. parantu jahAn nyAy nahIn hotA vahAn jhUThe aisA hI vAchAlapanA karate hain so karo,
nyAy to jis prakAr satya hai usI prakAr hogA.

sRuShTikarttAvAdakA nirAkaraN

tathA ab, brahmako lokakA karttA mAnatA hai use mithyA dikhalAte hain.
pratham to aisA mAnatA hai ki brahmako aisI ichchhA huI ki — ‘ekohan bahusyAn’ arthAt

main ek hUn so bahut hoUngA.

vahAn pUchhate hain — pUrva avasthAmen dukhI ho tab anya avasthAko chAhe. so brahmane ek

avasthAse bahutarUp honekI ichchhA kI to us ekarUp avasthAmen kyA dukh thA? tab vah
kahatA hai ki dukh to nahIn thA, aisA hI kautUhal utpanna huA. use kahate hain — yadi pahale

thoDA sukhI ho aur kautUhal karanese bahut sukhI ho to kautUhal karanekA vichAr kare.
so brahmako ek avasthAse bahut avasthArUp hone par bahut sukh honA kaise sambhav hai? aur
yadi pUrva sampUrNa sukhI ho to avasthA kisaliye palaTe? prayojan binA to koI kuchh karttavya
karatA nahIn hai.

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tathA pahale bhI sukhI hogA ichchhAnusAr kArya hone par bhI sukhI hogA; parantu ichchhA

huI us kAl to dukhI hogA? tab vah kahatA hai — brahmake jis kAl ichchhA hotI hai usI

kAl hI kArya hotA hai, isaliye dukhI nahIn hotA. vahAn kahate hain — sthUl kAlakI apekShA

to aisA mAno; parantu sUkShma kAlakI apekShA to ichchhAkA aur kAryakA honA yugapat sambhav
nahIn hai. ichchhA to tabhI hotI hai jab kArya na ho. kArya ho tab ichchhA nahIn rahatI.
isaliye sUkShma kAlamAtra ichchhA rahI tab to dukhI huA hogA; kyonki ichchhA hai so hI dukh
hai aur koI dukhakA svarUp hai nahIn. isalie brahmake ichchhA kaise bane?

phi ra ve kahate hain ki — ichchhA hone par brahmakI mAyA pragaT huI; vahAn brahmako mAyA

huI tab brahma bhI mAyAvI huA, shuddhasvarUp kaise rahA? tathA brahmako aur mAyAko daNDI-
daNDavat sanyogasambandha hai ki agni-uShNavat samavAyasambandha hai. jo sanyogasambandha hai to brahma
bhinna hai, mAyA bhinna hai; advait brahma kaise rahA? tathA jaise daNDI daNDako upakArI jAnakar
grahaN karatA hai taise brahma mAyAko upakArI jAnatA hai to grahaN karatA hai, nahIn to kyon
grahaN kare? tathA jis mAyAko brahma grahaN kare usakA niShedh karanA kaise sambhav hai? vah
to upAdey huI. tathA yadi samavAyasambandha hai to jaise agnikA uShNatva svabhAv hai vaise
brahmakA mAyA svabhAv hI huA. jo brahmakA svabhAv hai usakA niShedh karanA kaise sambhav
hai? yah to uttam huI.

phi ra ve kahate hain ki brahma to chaitanya hai, mAyA jaD hai; so samavAyasambandhamen aise

do svabhAv sambhavit nahIn hote. jaise prakAsh aur andhakAr ekatra kaise sambhav hain?

tathA vah kahatA hai — mAyAse brahma Ap to bhramarUp hotA nahIn hai, usakI mAyAse

jIv bhramarUp hotA hai. usase kahate hain — jis prakAr kapaTI apane kapaTako Ap jAnatA

hai so Ap bhramarUp nahIn hotA, usake kapaTase anya bhramarUp ho jAtA hai. vahAn kapaTI
to usIko kahate hain jisane kapaT kiyA, usake kapaTase anya bhramarUp hue unhen to kapaTI
nahIn kahate. usI prakAr brahma apanI mAyAko Ap jAnatA hai so Ap to bhramarUp nahIn
hotA, parantu usakI mAyAse anya jIv bhramarUp hote hain. vahAn mAyAvI to brahmako hI kahA
jAyagA, usakI mAyAse anya jIv bhramarUp hue unhen mAyAvI kisaliye kahate hain?

phi ra pUchhate hain ki — ve jIv brahmase ek hain? yA nyAre hain? yadi ek hain to jaise

koI Ap hI apane angonko pIDA utpanna kare to use bAvalA kahate hain; usI prakAr brahma
Ap hI jo apanese bhinna nahIn hain aise anya jIv, unako mAyAse dukhI karatA hai so kaise

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pAnchavA adhikAr ][ 101

banegA? tathA jo nyAre hain to jaise koI bhUt binA hI prayojan anya jIvonko bhram utpanna
karake pIDA utpanna karatA hai, usI prakAr brahma binA hI prayojan anya jIvonko mAyA utpanna
karake pIDA utpanna kare so bhI banatA nahIn hai.

is prakAr mAyA brahmakI kahate hain so kaise sambhav hai?
phi ra ve kahate hain — mAyA hone par lok utpanna huA, vahAn jIvonke jo chetanA hai

vah to brahmasvarUp hai, sharIrAdik mAyA hai. vahAn jis prakAr bhinna-bhinna bahutase pAtrommen jal
bharA hai, un sabamen chandramAkA pratibimba alag-alag paDatA hai, chandramA ek hai; usI prakAr
alag-alag bahutase sharIrommen brahmakA chaitanyaprakAsh alag-alag pAyA jAtA hai. brahma ek
hai, isaliye jIvonke chetanA hai so brahmakI hai.

aisA kahanA bhI bhram hI hai; kyonki sharIr jaD hai, isamen brahmake pratibimbase chetanA huI,

to ghaT-paTAdi jaD hain unamen brahmakA pratibimba kyon nahIn paDA aur chetanA kyon nahIn huI?

tathA vah kahatA hai — sharIrako to chetan nahIn karatA, jIvako karatA hai.

tab usase pUchhate hain ki jIvakA svarUp chetan hai yA achetan? yadi chetan hai to

chetanakA chetan kyA karegA? achetan hai to sharIrakI va ghaTAdikakI va jIvakI ek jAti
huI. tathA usase pUchhate hain — brahmakI aur jIvonkI chetanA ek hai yA bhinna hai? yadi ek

hai to gnAnakA adhik-hInapanA kaise dekhA jAtA hai? tathA yah jIv paraspar — vah usakI

jAnIko nahIn jAnatA aur vah usakI jAnIko nahIn jAnatA, so kyA kAraN hai? yadi tU
kahegA, yah ghaTaupAdhi bhed hai; to ghaTaupAdhi honese to chetanA bhinna-bhinna ThaharI. ghaTaupAdhi
miTane par isakI chetanA brahmamen milegI yA nAsh ho jAyagI? yadi nAsh ho jAyegI to yah
jIv to achetan rah jAyegA aur tU kahegA ki jIv hI brahmamen mil jAtA hai to vahAn
brahmamen milane par isakA astitva rahatA hai yA nahIn rahatA? yadi astitva rahatA hai to yah
rahA, isakI chetanA isake rahI; brahmamen kyA milA? aur yadi astitva nahIn rahatA hai to
usakA nAsh hI huA; brahmamen kaun milA? yadi tU kahegA ki brahmakI aur jIvonkI chetanA
bhinna hai, to brahma aur sarva jIv Ap hI bhinna-bhinna Thahare. is prakAr jIvonko chetanA
hai so brahmakI hai — aisA bhI nahIn banatA.

sharIrAdi mAyAke kahate ho so mAyA hI hAD-mAnsAdirUp hotI hai yA mAyAke nimittase

aur koI unarUp hotA hai. yadi mAyA hI hotI hai to mAyAke varNa-gandhAdik pahale hI
the yA navIn hue hain? yadi pahale hI the to pahale to mAyA brahmakI thI, brahma amUrtik hai

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vahAn varNAdi kaise sambhav hain? yadi navIn hue to amUrtikakA mUrtik huA, tab amUrtik
svabhAv shAshvat nahIn ThaharA aur yadi kahegA ki — mAyAke nimittase aur koI hotA hai,

tab aur padArtha to tU ThaharAtA hI nahIn, phi ra huA kaun?

yadi tU kahegA — navIn padArtha utpanna hotA hai; to vah mAyAse bhinna utpanna hotA

hai yA abhinna utpanna hotA hai? mAyAse bhinna utpanna ho to mAyAmayI sharIrAdik kisaliye
kahatA hai, ve to un padArthamay hue. aur abhinna utpanna hue to mAyA hI tadrUp huI, navIn
padArtha utpanna kisaliye kahatA hai?

is prakAr sharIrAdik mAyAsvarUp hain, aisA kahanA bhram hai.
tathA ve kahate hain — mAyAse tIn guN utpanna hue — rAjas, tAmas, sAttvika. so yah

bhI kahanA kaise banegA? kyonki mAnAdi kaShAyarUp bhAvako rAjas kahate hain, krodhAdi-kaShAyarUp
bhAvako tAmas kahate hain, mandakaShAyarUp bhAvako sAttvik kahate hain. so yah bhAv to chetanAmay
pratyakSha dekhe jAte hain aur mAyAkA svarUp jaD kahate ho, so jaDase yah bhAv kaise utpanna
hon? yadi jaDake bhI hon to pAShANAdikake bhI honge, parantu chetanAsvarUp jIvonke hI yah
bhAv dikhate hain; isaliye yah bhAv mAyAse utpanna nahIn hain. yadi mAyAko chetan ThaharAye to
yah mAnen. so mAyAko chetan ThaharAne par sharIrAdik mAyAse utpanna kahegA to nahIn mAnenge.
isaliye nirdhAr kar; bhramarUp mAnanese lAbh kyA hai.

tathA ve kahate hain — un guNonse brahmA, viShNu, mahesh yah tIn dev pragaT hue so kaise

sambhav hai? kyonki guNIse to guN hotA hai, guNase guNI kaise utpanna hogA? puruShase to
krodh hogA, krodhase puruSh kaise utpanna hogA? phi ra in guNonkI to nindA karate hain, inase
utpanna hue brahmAdikako pUjya kaise mAnA jAtA hai? tathA guN to mAyAmayI aur inhen brahmake
avatAr kahA jAtA hai so yah to mAyAke avatAr hue, inako brahmakA avatAr *kaise kahA

jAtA hai? tathA yah guN jinake thoDe bhI pAye jAte hain unhen to chhuDAnekA upadesh dete hain
aur jo inhInkI mUrti unhen pUjya mAnen yah kaisA bhram hai?

✽

brahmA, viShNu aur shiv yah tInon brahmakI pradhAn shaktiyAn hain. (‘viShNu purAN’ a0 22-58)
kalikAlake prArambhamen parabrahma paramAtmAne rajoguNase utpanna hokar brahmA banakar prajAkI rachanA kI.
pralayake samay tamoguNase utpanna ho kAl (shiv) banakar sRuShTiko gras liyA. us paramAtmAne sattvaguNase
utpanna ho, nArAyaN banakar samudramen shayan kiyA.

(‘vAyu purAN’ a0 7-68, 69)

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