Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (simplified iso15919 transliteration). Tisara Adhyay.

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dūsarā adhikār ][ 43

tathā jaise koī navīn vastra pahinatā hai, kuchh kāl tak pahine rahatā hai, phi ra usako

chhoṛakar anya vastra pahinatā hai; usī prakār jīv navīn sharīr dhāraṇ karatā hai, kuchh kāl
tak dhāraṇ kiye rahatā hai, phi ra usako chhoṛakar anya sharīr dhāraṇ karatā hai. isaliye
sharīr-sambandhakī apekṣhā janmādik haĩn. jīv janmādi rahit nitya hī hai tathāpi mohī jīvako
atīt-anāgatakā vichār nahīn hai; isalie prāpta paryāyamātra hī apanī sthiti mānakar paryāy
sambandhī kāryommen hī tatpar ho rahā hai.

is prakār āyuse paryāyakī sthiti jānanā.

nāmakarmodayajanya avasthā

tathā nāmakarmase yah jīv manuṣhyādi gatiyoṅko prāpta hotā hai; us paryāyarūp apanī

avasthā hotī hai. vahān̐ tras-sthāvarādi visheṣh utpanna hote haĩn. tathā vahān̐ ekendriyādi jātiko
dhāraṇ karatā hai. is jātikarmake udayako aur matignānāvaraṇake kṣhayopashamako nimitta-
naimittikapanā jānanā. jaisā kṣhayopasham ho vaisī jāti prāpta karatā hai.

tathā sharīroṅkā sambandha hotā hai; vahān̐ sharīrake paramāṇu aur ātmāke pradeshoṅkā ek

bandhān hotā hai tathā saṅkoch-vistārarūp hokar sharīrapramāṇ ātmā rahatā hai. tathā nokarmarūp
sharīramen aṅgopāṅgādikake yogya sthān pramāṇasahit hote haĩn. isīse sparshan, rasanā ādi dravya-
indriyān̐ utpanna hotī hain tathā hr̥udayasthānamen āṭh paṅkhuriyoṅke phū le hue kamalake ākār dravyaman
hotā hai. tathā us sharīramen hī ākārādikakā visheṣh honā, varṇādikakā visheṣh honā aur
sthūl-sūkṣhmatvādikā honā ityādi kārya utpanna hote hain; so ve sharīrarūp pariṇamit paramāṇu is
prakār pariṇamit hote haĩn.

tathā shvāsochchhvās aur svar utpanna hote hain; ve bhī pudgalake piṇḍa hain aur sharīrase

ek bandhānarūp haĩn. inamen bhī ātmāke pradesh vyāpta haĩn. vahān̐ shvāsochchhvās to pavan hai.
jaise āhārakā grahaṇ kare aur nihārako nikāle tabhī jīnā hotā hai; usī prakār bāhya pavanako
grahaṇ kare aur abhyantar pavanako nikāle tabhī jīvitavya rahatā hai. isaliye shvāsochchhvās
jīvitavyakā kāraṇ hai. is sharīramen jis prakār hāṛ-mānsādik hain usī prakār pavan jānanā.
tathā jaise hastādikase kārya karate hain vaise hī pavanase hī kārya karate haĩn. mun̐hamen jo grās
rakhā use pavanase nigalate hain, malādik pavanase bāhar nikālate hain, vaise hī anya jānanā.
tathā nāṛī, vāyurog, vāyagolā ityādiko pavanarūp sharīrake aṅg jānanā.

svar hai vah shabda hai. so jaise vīṇākī tān̐tako hilāne par bhāṣhārūp hone yogya

jo pudgalaskandh hain ve sākṣhar yā anakṣhar shabdarūp pariṇamit hote hain; usī prakār tālu, hoṇṭh

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44 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

ityādi aṅgoṅko hilāne par bhāṣhāparyāptimen grahaṇ kiye gaye jo pudgalaskandh hain ve sākṣhar yā
anakṣhar shabdarūp pariṇamit hote haĩn.

tathā shubh-ashubh gamanādik hote haĩn. yahān̐ aisā jānanā ki jaise do puruṣhoṅko ikadaṇḍī

beṛī hai. vahān̐ ek puruṣh gamanādik karanā chāhe aur dūsarā bhī gamanādik kare to gamanādik
ho sakate hain, donommense ek baiṭhā rahe to gamanādik nahīn ho sakate, tathā donommen ek balavān
ho to dūsareko bhī ghasīṭ le jāye. usī prakār ātmāke aur sharīrādikarūp pudgalake
ekakṣhetrāvagāharūp bandhān hai; vahān̐ ātmā halan-chalanādi karanā chāhe aur pudgal us shaktise
rahit huā halan-chalan na kare athavā pudgalamen to shakti pāī jātī hai, parantu ātmākī
ichchhā na ho to halan-chalanādi nahīn ho sakate. tathā inamen pudgal balavān hokar halan-
chalan kare to usake sāth binā ichchhāke bhī ātmā halan-chalan karatā hai. is prakār halan-
chalanādi kriyā hotī hai. tathā isake apayash ādi bāhya nimitta banate haĩn. — is prakār

ye kārya utpanna hote hain, unase mohake anusār ātmā sukhī-duḥkhī bhī hotā hai.

aise nāmakarmake udayase svayamev nānāprakār rachanā hotī hai, anya koī karanevālā nahīn

hai. tathā tīrthaṅkarādi prakr̥iti yahān̐ hai hī nahī̃n.

gotrakarmodayajanya avasthā

gotrakarmase uchcha-nīch kulamen utpanna honā hotā hai; vahān̐ apanī adhikatā-hīnatā prāpta

hotī hai. mohake udayase ātmā sukhī-duḥkhī bhī hotā hai.

is prakār aghātikarmoṅke nimittase avasthā hotī hai.
is prakār is anādi sansāramen ghāti-aghātikarmoṅke udayake anusār ātmāke avasthā

hotī hai. so he bhavya! apane antaraṅgamen vichārakar dekh ki aise hī hai ki nahī̃n. vichār
karane par aisā hī pratibhāsit hotā hai. yadi aisā hai to tū yah mān ki — ‘‘mere anādi

sansār-rog pāyā jātā hai, usake nāshakā mujhe upāy karanā’’ — is vichārase terā kalyāṇ

hogā.

— iti shrī mokṣhamārgaprakāshak nāmak shāstramen sansār-avasthākā nirūpak

dvitīy adhikār sampūrṇa huā..2..

✾

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 45

tīsarā adhikār

sansāraduḥkh tathā

mokṣhasukhakā nirūpaṇ

dohā — so nijabhāv sadā sukhad, apanaun karau prakāsh,
jo bahuvidhi bhavadukhanikau, karihai sattā nāsh ..

ab, is sansār-avasthāmen nānāprakārake duḥkh hain unakā varṇan karate haĩn. kyoṅki yadi

sansāramen bhī sukh ho to sansāramen mukta honekā upāy kisaliye karẽn. is sansāramen anek duḥkh
hain, isaliye sansārase mukta honekā upāy karate haĩn.

jaise — vaidya rogakā nidān aur usakī avasthākā varṇan karake, rogīko rogakā nishchay

karākar, phi ra usakā ilāj karanekī ruchi karātā hai. usī prakār yahān̐ sansārakā nidān
tathā usakī avasthākā varṇan karake, sansārīko sansār-rogakā nishchay karāke, ab usakā upāy
karanekī ruchi karāte haĩn.

jaise — rogī rogase duḥkhī ho rahā hai, parantu usakā mūl kāraṇ nahīn jānatā, sachchā

upāy nahīn jānatā aur duḥkh sahā nahīn jātā; tab jo use bhāsit ho vahī upāy karatā
hai, isaliye duḥkh dūr nahīn hotā, tab taṛap-taṛapakar paravash huā un duḥkhoṅko sahatā hai.
use vaidya duḥkhakā mūlakāraṇ batalāye, duḥkhakā svarūp batalāye, un upāyoṅko jhūṭhā batalāye,
tab sachche upāy karanekī ruchi hotī hai. usī prakār sansārī sansārase duḥkhī ho rahā hai,
parantu usakā mūlakāraṇ nahīn jānatā, tathā sachche upāy nahīn jānatā aur duḥkh sahā bhī nahīn
jātā; tab apaneko bhāsit ho vahī upāy karatā hai, isaliye duḥkh dūr nahīn hotā, tab
taṛap-taṛapakar paravash huā un duḥkhoṅko sahatā hai. use yahān̐ duḥkhakā mūlakāraṇ batalāte
hain, duḥkhakā svarūp batalāte hain aur un upāyoṅko jhūṭhe batalāyen to sachche upāy karanekī
ruchi ho. isaliye yah varṇan yahān̐ karate haĩn.

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46 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

sansāraduḥkh aur usakā mūlakāraṇ

(ka) karmoṅkī apekṣhāse

vahān̐ sab duḥkhoṅkā mūlakāraṇ mithyādarshan, agnān aur asanyam hai. jo darshan-mohake

udayase huā atattvashraddhān – mithyādarshan hai, usase vastusvarūpakī yathārtha pratīti nahīn ho sakatī,

anyathā pratīti hotī hai. tathā us mithyādarshan hī ke nimittase kṣhayopashamarūp gnān hai vah
agnān ho rahā hai, usase yathārtha vastusvarūpakā jānanā nahīn hotā, anyathā jānanā hotā hai.
tathā chāritramohake udayase huā kaṣhāyabhāv usakā nām asanyam hai, usase jaise vastusvarūp
hai vaisā nahīn pravartatā, anyathā pravr̥utti hotī hai.

isaprakār ye mithyādarshanādik hain ve hī sarva duḥkhoṅkā mūl kāraṇ haĩn. kis prakār?

so batalāte hainḥ —

gnānāvaraṇ aur darshanāvaraṇake kṣhayopashamase honevālā duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

mithyādarshanādikase jīvako sva-par vivek nahīn ho sakatā. svayam ek ātmā aur

ananta pudgalaparamāṇumay sharīr; inake sanyogarūp manuṣhyādi paryāy utpanna hotī hai, usī paryāyako
sva mānatā hai. tathā ātmākā gnān-darshanādi svabhāv hai usake dvārā kiñchit jānanā-dekhanā
hotā hai; aur karmopādhise hue krodhādikabhāv unarūp pariṇām pāye jāte hain; tathā sharīrakā
sparsha, ras, gandha, varṇa svabhāv hai vah pragaṭ hai aur sthūl-kr̥uṣhādik honā tathā sparshādikakā
palaṭanā ityādi anek avasthāyen hotī hain; — in sabako apanā svarūp jānatā hai.

vahān̐ gnān-darshanakī pravr̥utti indriy — manake dvārā hotī hai, isaliye yah mānatā hai ki

ye tvachā, jībh, nāsikā, netra, kān man mere aṅg haĩn. inake dvārā main dekhatā-jānatā hūn̐;
aisī mānyatāse indriyommen prīti pāyī jātī hai.

tathā mohake āveshase un indriyoṅke dvārā viṣhay-grahaṇ karane kī ichchhā hotī hai.

aur un viṣhayoṅkā grahaṇ hone par us ichchhāke miṭanese nirākul hotā hai tab ānanda mānatā
hai. jaise kuttā hī chabātā hai, usase apanā lohū nikale usakā svād lekar aisā mānatā
hai ki yah hayioṅkā svād hai. usī prakār yah jīv viṣhayoṅko jānatā hai, usase apanā
gnān pravartatā hai, usakā svād lekar aisā mānatā hai ki yah viṣhayakā svād hai. so viṣhayamen
to svād hai nahī̃n. svayam hī ichchhā kī thī, use svayam hī jānakar svayam hī ānanda mān
liyā; parantu main anādi-ananta gnānasvarūp ātmā hūn̐ — aisā niḥkeval(parase ke val bhinna)gnānakā

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 47

to anubhavan hai nahī̃n. tathā mainne nr̥itya dekhā, rāg sunā, phū la sūn̐ghe, (padārthakā svād liyā,
padārthakā sparsha kiyā) shāstra jānā, mujhe yah jānanā; — is prakār gneyamishrit gnānakā anubhavan

hai, usase viṣhayoṅkī hī pradhānatā bhāsit hotī hai. is prakār is jīvako mohake nimittase
viṣhayoṅkī ichchhā pāyī jātī hai.

vahān̐ ichchhā to trikālavartī sarvaviṣhayoṅko grahaṇ karanekī hai. main sarvakā sparsha karūn̐,

sarvakā svād lūn̐, sarvako sūn̐ghūn̐, sarvako dekhūn̐, sarvako sunūn̐, sarvako jānūn̐; ichchhā to itanī hai.
parantu shakti itanī hī hai ki indriyoṅke sanmukh ānevāle vartamān sparsha, ras, gandha, varṇa,
shabda; unamense kisīko kiñchit mātra grahaṇ kare tathā smaraṇādikase man dvārā kiñchit jāne,
so bhī bāhya anek kāraṇ milane par siddha ho. isalie ichchhā kabhī pūrṇa nahīn hotī.
aisī ichchhā to kevalagnān hone par sampūrṇa ho.

kṣhayopashamarūp indriyonse to ichchhā pūrṇa hotī nahīn hai, isaliye mohake nimittase indriyoṅko

apane-apane viṣhay-grahaṇakī nirantar ichchhā hotī hī rahatī hai; usase ākulit hokar duḥkhī
ho rahā hai. aisā duḥkhī ho rahā hai ki kisī ek viṣhayake grahaṇake artha apane maraṇako
bhī nahīn ginatā hai. jaise hāthīko kapaṭakī hathinīkā sharīr sparsha karanekī, machchhako bansīmen
lagā huā mānsakā svād lenekī, bhramarako kamal-sugandha sūṅghanekī, pataṅgeko dīpakakā varṇa dekhanekī
aur hariṇako rāg sunanekī ichchhā aisī hotī hai ki tatkāl maranā bhāsit ho tathāpi maraṇako
nahīn ginate. viṣhayoṅkā grahaṇ karane par usake maraṇ hotā thā, viṣhayasevan nahīn karane par
indriyon kī pīṛā adhik bhāsit hotī hai. in indriyoṅkī pīṛāse pīṛitarūp sarva jīv
nirvichār hokar jaise koī duḥkhī parvatase gir paṛe vaise hī viṣhayommen chhalān̐g lagāte haĩn. nānā
kaṣhṭase dhan utpanna karate hain, use viṣhayake artha khote haĩn. tathā viṣhayoṅke artha jahān̐ maraṇ
honā jānate hain vahān̐ bhī jāte haĩn. narakādike kāraṇ jo hinsādik kārya unhen karate hain tathā
krodhādi kaṣhāyoṅko utpanna karate haĩn.

ve karen kyā? indriyoṅkī pīṛā sahī nahīn jātī, isaliye anya vichār kuchh ātā

nahī̃n. isī pīṛāse pīṛit hue indrādik hain; ve bhī viṣhayommen ati āsakta ho rahe haĩn.
jaise khāj-rogase pīṛit huā puruṣh āsakta hokar khujātā hai, pīṛā na ho to kisaliye
khujāye; usī prakār indriyarogase pīṛit hue indrādik āsakta hokar viṣhay sevan karate haĩn.
pīṛā na ho to kisaliye viṣhay sevan karen?

is prakār gnānāvaraṇ-darshanāvaraṇake kṣhayopashamase huā indriyajanit gnān hai, vah

mithyādarshanādike nimittase ichchhāsahit hokar duḥkhakā kāraṇ huā hai.

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48 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

ab, is duḥkhake dūr honekā upāy yah jīv kyā karatā hai so kahate haĩn. indriyonse

viṣhayoṅkā grahaṇ hone par merī ichchhā pūrṇa hogī aisā jānakar pratham to nānāprakārake bhojanādikonse
indriyoṅko prabal karatā hai aur aisā hī jānatā hai ki indriyoṅke prabal rahanese mere viṣhay-grahaṇakī
shakti visheṣh hotī hai. tathā vahān̐ anek bāhya kāraṇ chāhie unakā nimitta milātā hai.

tathā indriyān̐ hain ve viṣhay-sanmukh hone par unako grahaṇ karatī hain, isalie anek

bāhya upāyon dvārā viṣhayoṅkā tathā indriyoṅkā sanyog milātā hai. nānāprakārake vastrādikakā,
bhojanādikakā, puṣhpādikakā, mandir-ābhūṣhaṇādikakā tathā gān-vāditrādikakā sanyog milāneke
artha bahut khedakhinna hotā hai.

tathā in indriyoṅke sanmukh viṣhay rahatā hai tab tak us viṣhayakā kiñchit spaṣhṭa

jānapanā rahatā hai, pashchāt man dvārā smaraṇamātra rah jātā hai. kāl vyatīt hone par smaraṇ
bhī mand hotā jātā hai, isalie un viṣhayoṅko apane ādhīn rakhanekā upāy karatā hai aur
shīghra-shīghra unakā grahaṇ kiyā karatā hai. tathā indriyoṅke to ek kālamen ek viṣhayakā hī
grahaṇ hotā hai, kintu yah bahut grahaṇ karanā chāhatā hai, isaliye ākulit hokar shīghra-
shīghra ek viṣhayako chhoṛakar anyako grahaṇ karatā hai, tathā use chhoṛakar anyako grahaṇ karatā
hai — aise jhapaṭṭe māratā hai.

is prakār jo upāy ise bhāsit hote hain so karatā hai, parantu ve jhūṭhe haĩn. kyoṅki

pratham to in sabakā aisā hī honā apane ādhīn nahīn hai, mahān kaṭhin hai; tathā kadāchit
uday anusār aisī hī vidhi mil jāye to indriyoṅko prabal karanese kahīn viṣhay-grahaṇakī
shakti barḥatī nahīn hai; vah shakti to gnān-darshan barḥāne par barḥatī hai so yah karmake kṣhayopashamake
ādhīn hai. kisīkā sharīr puṣhṭa hai usake aisī shakti kam dekhī jātī hai, kisīkā sharīr
durbal hai usake adhik dekhī jātī hai. isalie bhojanādi dvārā indriyān̐ puṣhṭa karanese kuchh
siddhi hai nahī̃n. kaṣhāyādi ghaṭanese karmakā kṣhayopasham hone par gnān-darshan barḥe tab viṣhayagrahaṇakī
shakti barḥatī hai.

tathā viṣhayoṅkā jo sanyog milātā hai vah bahut kāl tak nahīn rahatā athavā sarva

viṣhayoṅkā sanyog milatā hī nahīn hai, isaliye yah ākulatā banī hī rahatī hai. tathā un
viṣhayoṅko apane ādhīn rakhakar shīghra-shīghra grahaṇ karatā hai, kintu ve ādhīn rahate nahīn haĩn.
ve bhinna dravya to apane ādhīn pariṇamit hote hain yā karmodayake ādhīn haĩn. aise karmakā
bandha yathāyogya shubhabhāv hone par hotā hai aur pashchāt uday ātā hai vah pratyakṣha dekhate
haĩn. anek upāy karane par bhī karmake nimitta binā sāmagrī nahīn milatī.

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 49

tathā ek viṣhayako chhoṛakar anyakā grahaṇ karatā hai – aise jhapaṭṭe māratā hai usase kyā

siddhi hotī hai? jaise maṇakī bhūkhavāleko kaṇ mile to kyā bhūkh miṭatī hai? usī prakār
jise sarvake grahaṇakī ichchhā hai use ek viṣhayakā grahaṇ hone par kyā ichchhā miṭatī hai?
ichchhā miṭe binā sukh nahīn hotā, isalie yah upāy jhūṭhā hai.

koī pūchhatā hai ki is upāyase kaī jīv sukhī hote dekhe jāte hain, sarvathā jhūṭh

kaise kahate ho?

samādhānaḥ — sukhī to nahīn hote hain, bhramase sukh mānate haĩn. yadi sukhī hue hon to

anya viṣhayoṅkī ichchhā kaise rahegī? jaise — rog miṭane par anya auṣhadhiko kyon chāhe? usī

prakār duḥkh miṭane par anya viṣhayoṅko kyon chāhe? isaliye viṣhayake grahaṇ dvārā ichchhā ruk
jāye to ham sukh mānẽn. parantu jab tak jis viṣhayakā grahaṇ nahīn hotā tab tak to
usakī ichchhā rahatī hai aur jis samay usakā grahaṇ huā usī samay anya viṣhay-grahaṇakī
ichchhā hotī dekhī jātī hai, to yah sukh mānanā kaise hai? jaise koī mahā kṣhudhāvān raṅk
usako ek annakā kaṇ milā usakā bhakṣhaṇ karake chain māne; usī prakār yah mahā tr̥uṣhṇāvān
usako ek viṣhayakā nimitta milā usakā grahaṇ karake sukh mānatā hai, paramārthase sukh hai
nahī̃n.

koī kahe ki jis prakār kaṇ-kaṇ karake apanī bhūkh miṭāye, usī prakār ek-

ek viṣhayakā grahaṇ karake apanī ichchhā pūrṇa kare to doṣh kyā?

uttaraḥ — yadi ve kaṇ ekatrit hon to aisā hī mān len, parantu jab dūsarā kaṇ milatā

hai tab pahale kaṇakā nirgaman ho jāye to kaise bhūkh miṭegī? usī prakār jānanemen viṣhayoṅkā
grahaṇ ekatrit hotā jāye to ichchhā pūrṇa ho jāye, parantu jab dūsarā viṣhay grahaṇ karatā
hai tab pūrvamen jo viṣhay grahaṇ kiyā thā usakā jānanā nahīn rahatā, to kaise ichchhā pūrṇa
ho? ichchhā pūrṇa hue binā ākulatā miṭatī nahīn hai aur ākulatā miṭe binā sukh kaise
kahā jāy?

tathā ek viṣhayakā grahaṇ bhī mithyādarshanādikake sadbhāvapūrvak karatā hai, isaliye

āgāmī anek duḥkhoṅkā kāraṇ karma ban̐dhate haĩn. isaliye yah varttamānamen sukh nahīn hai, āgāmī
sukhakā kāraṇ nahīn hai, isaliye duḥkh hī hai. yahī pravachanasāramen kahā hai —

saparan bādhāsahiyan vichchhiṇṇan bandhakāraṇan visaman.

jan indiehin laddhan tan sokkhan dukkhamev tahā..76..

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50 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

arthaḥ — jo indriyonse prāpta kiyā sukh hai vah parādhīn hai, bādhāsahit hai, vināshīk

hai, bandhakā kāraṇ hai, viṣham hai; so aisā sukh is prakār duḥkh hī hai.

is prakār is sansārī jīv dvārā kiye upāy jhūṭhe jānanā.
to sachchā upāy kyā hai? jab ichchhā to dūr ho jāye aur sarva viṣhayoṅkā yugapat

grahaṇ banā rahe tab yah duḥkh miṭe. so ichchhā to moh jāne par miṭe aur sabakā yugapat
grahaṇ kevalagnān hone par ho. inakā upāy samyagdarshanādik hai aur vahī sachchā upāy
jānanā.

is prakār to mohake nimittase gnānāvaraṇ-darshanāvaraṇakā kṣhayopasham bhī duḥkhadāyak hai,

usakā varṇan kiyā.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — gnānāvaraṇ-darshanāvaraṇake udayase jānanā nahīn huā, isaliye use

duḥkhakā kāraṇ kaho; kṣhayopashamako kyon kahate ho?

samādhān : — yadi jānanā na honā duḥkhakā kāraṇ ho to pudgalake bhī duḥkh ṭhahare,

parantu duḥkhakā mūlakāraṇ to ichchhā hai aur ichchhā kṣhayopashamase hī hotī hai, isaliye kṣhayopashamako
duḥkhakā kāraṇ kahā hai; paramārthase kṣhayopasham bhī duḥkhakā kāraṇ nahīn hai. jo mohase viṣhay-
grahaṇakī ichchhā hai, vahī duḥkhakā kāraṇ jānanā.

mohanīy karmake udayase honevālā duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

mohakā uday hai so duḥkharūp hī hai, kis prakār so kahate hainḥ —

darshanamohase duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

pratham to darshanamohake udayase mithyādarshan hotā hai; usake dvārā jaisā isake shraddhān

hai vaisā to padārtha hotā nahīn hai, jaisā padārtha hai vaisā yah mānatā nahīn hai, isaliye isako
ākulatā hī rahatī hai.

jaise — pāgalako kisīne vastra pahinā diyā. vah pāgal us vastrako apanā aṅg

jānakar apaneko aur vastrako ek mānatā hai. vah vastra pahinānevāleke ādhīn honese kabhī
vah phāṛatā hai, kabhī joṛatā hai, kabhī khonsatā hai, kabhī nayā pahinātā hai — ityādi charitra

karatā hai. vah pāgal use apane ādhīn mānatā hai, usakī parādhīn kriyā hotī hai, usase
vah mahā khedakhinna hotā hai. usī prakār is jīvako karmodayane sharīr-sambandha karāyā. yah
jīv us sharīrako apanā aṅg jānakar apaneko aur sharīrako ek mānatā hai. vah sharīr
karmake ādhīn kabhī kr̥uṣh hotā hai, kabhī sthūl hotā hai, kabhī naṣhṭa hotā hai, kabhī navīn

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 51

utpanna hotā hai — ityādi charitra hote haĩn. yah jīv use apane ādhīn mānatā hai, usakī

parādhīn kriyā hotī hai, usase mahā khedakhinna hotā hai.

tathā jaise — jahān̐ vah pāgal ṭhaharā thā vahān̐ manuṣhya, ghoṛā, dhanādik kahīnse ākar

utare, vah pāgal unhen apanā jānatā hai. ve to unhīṅke ādhīn koī āte hain, koī jāte
hai; koī anek avasthārūp pariṇaman karate hain; vah pāgal unhen apane ādhīn mānatā hai,
unakī parādhīn kriyā ho tab khedakhinna hotā hai. usī prakār yah jīv jahān̐ paryāy dhāraṇ
karatā hai vahān̐ svayamev putra, ghoṛā, dhanādik kahīnse ākar prāpta hue, yah jīv unhen apanā
jānatā hai. ve to unhīṅke ādhīn koī āte hain, koī jāte hain, koī anek avasthārūp
pariṇaman karate hain; yah jīv unhen apane ādhīn mānatā hai, aur unakī parādhīn kriyā ho
tab khedakhinna hotā hai.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — kisī kālamen sharīrakī tathā putrādikakī kriyā is jīvake ādhīn

bhī to hotī dikhāī detī hai, tab to yah sukhī hotā hai?

samādhānaḥ — sharīrādikake bhavitavyakī aur jīvakī ichchhākī vidhi milane par kisī

ek prakār jaise vah chāhatā hai vaise koī pariṇamit hotā hai, isaliye kisī kālamen usīkā
vichār hone par sukhakāsā ābhās hotā hai; parantu sarva hī to sarva prakārase jaise yah chāhatā
hai vaise pariṇamit nahīn hote, isaliye abhiprāyamen to anek ākulatā sadākāl rahā hī karatī
hai.

tathā kisī kālamen kisī prakār ichchhānusār pariṇamit hote dekhakar kahīn yah jīv

sharīr, putrādikamen ahaṅkār-mamakār karatā hai; so is buddhise unako utpanna karanekī, barḥānekī,
tathā rakṣhā karanekī chintāse nirantar vyākul rahatā hai. nānā prakār kaṣhṭa sahakar bhī unakā
bhalā chāhatā hai.

tathā jo viṣhayoṅkī ichchhā hotī hai, kaṣhāy hotī hai, bāhya-sāmagrīmen iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭapanā mānatā

hai, anyathā upāy karatā hai, sachche upāyakī shraddhā nahīn karatā, anyathā kalpanā karatā hai;
so in sabakā mūlakāraṇ ek mithyādarshan hai. usakā nāsh hone par sabakā nāsh ho jātā
hai, isaliye sab duḥkhoṅkā mūl yah mithyādarshan hai.

tathā us mithyādarshanake nāshakā upāy bhī nahīn karatā. anyathā shraddhānako satyashraddhān

māne tab upāy kisaliye kare?

tathā sañgnī pañchendriy kadāchit tattvanishchay karanekā upāy vichāre, vahān̐ abhāgyase kudev-

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52 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

kuguru-kushāstrakā nimitta bane to atattvashraddhān puṣhṭa ho jātā hai. vah to jānatā hai ki
inase merā bhalā hogā; parantu ve aisā upāy karate hain jisase yah achet ho jāya.
vastusvarūpakā vichār karaneko udyamī huā thā so viparīt vichāramen dr̥urḥ ho jātā hai aur
tab viṣhay-kaṣhāyakī vāsanā barḥanese adhik duḥkhī hotā hai.

tathā kadāchit sudev-suguru-sushāstrakā bhī nimitta ban jāye to vahān̐ unake nishchay-

upadeshakā to shraddhān nahīn karatā, vyavahārashraddhānase atattvashraddhānī hī rahatā hai. vahān̐ mandakaṣhāy
ho tathā viṣhayakī ichchhā ghaṭe to thoṛā duḥkhī hotā hai, parantu phi ra jaisekā taisā ho jātā
hai; isaliye yah sansārī jo upāy karatā hai ve bhī jhūṭhe hī hote haĩn.

tathā is sansārīke ek yah upāy hai ki svayaṅko jaisā shraddhān hai usī prakār padārthoṅko

pariṇamit karanā chāhatā hai. yadi ve pariṇamit hon to isakā sachchā shraddhān ho jāye. parantu
anādinidhan vastuen̐ bhinna-bhinna apanī maryādā sahit pariṇamit hotī hain, koī kisīke ādhīn
nahīn hain, koī kisīke pariṇamit karānese pariṇamit nahīn hotī̃n. unhen pariṇamit karānā chāhe
vah koī upāy nahīn hai, vah to mithyādarshan hī hai.

to sachchā upāy kyā hai? jaisā padārthoṅkā svarūp hai vaisā shraddhān ho jāye to sarva

duḥkh dūr ho jāyẽn. jis prakār koī mohit hokar murdeko jīvit māne yā jilānā chāhe
to āp hī duḥkhī hotā hai. tathā use murdā mānanā aur yah jilānese jiyegā nahīn aisā
mānanā so hī us duḥkhake dūr honekā upāy hai. usī prakār mithyādr̥uṣhṭi hokar padārthoṅko
anyathā māne, anyathā pariṇamit karanā chāhe to āp hī duḥkhī hotā hai. tathā unhen yathārtha
mānanā aur yah pariṇamit karānese anyathā pariṇamit nahīn hoṅge aisā mānanā so hī us
duḥkhake dūr honekā upāy hai. bhramajanit duḥkhakā upāy bhram dūr karanā hī hai. so bhram
dūr honese samyakshraddhān hotā hai, vahī satya upāy jānanā.

chāritramohase duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

chāritramohake udayase krodhādi kaṣhāyarūp tathā hāsyādi nokaṣhāyarūp jīvake bhāv hote

hain, tab yah jīv kleshavān hokar duḥkhī hotā huā vihval hokar nānāprakārake kukāryommen
pravartatā hai. so hī dikhāte hainḥ —

jab isake krodh kaṣhāy utpanna hotī hai tab dūsarekā burā karanekī ichchhā hotī hai

aur usake artha anek upāy vichāratā hai, marmachchhedī gālī pradānādirūp vachan bolatā hai.

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 53

apane aṅgonse tathā shastra-pāṣhāṇādikase ghāt karatā hai. anek kaṣhṭa sahanakar tathā dhanādi
kharcha karake va maraṇādi dvārā apanā bhī burā karake anyakā burā karanekā udyam karatā hai
athavā auronse burā honā jāne to auronse burā karātā hai. svayam hī usakā burā hotā
ho to anumodan karatā hai. usakā burā honese apanā kuchh bhī prayojan siddha na ho tathāpi
usakā burā karatā hai. tathā krodh hone par koī pūjya yā iṣhṭajan bhī bīchamen āyen to
unhen bhī burā kahatā hai, mārane lag jātā hai, kuchh vichār nahīn rahatā. tathā anyakā burā
na ho to apane antaraṅgamen āp hī bahut santāpavān hotā hai aur apane hī aṅgoṅkā ghāt
karatā hai tathā viṣhādise mar jātā hai. — aisī avasthā krodh honese hotī hai.

tathā jab isake mān kaṣhāy utpanna hotī hai tab auroṅko nīchā va apaneko ūn̐chā

dikhānekī ichchhā hotī hai aur usake artha anek upāy sochatā hai. anyakī nindā karatā
hai, apanī prashansā karatā hai va anek prakārase auroṅkī mahimā miṭātā hai, apanī mahimā karatā
hai. mahākaṣhṭase jo dhanādikakā saṅgrah kiyā use vivāhādi kāryommen kharcha karatā hai tathā karja
lekar bhī kharchatā hai. maraneke bād hamārā yash rahegā aisā vichārakar apanā maraṇ karake
bhī apanī mahimā barḥātā hai. yadi koī apanā sanmānādik na kare to use bhayādik dikhākar
duḥkh utpanna karake apanā sanmān karātā hai. tathā mān hone par koī pūjya – baṛe hon unakā

bhī sanmān nahīn karatā, kuchh vichār nahīn rahatā. yadi anya nīchā aur svayam ūn̐chā dikhāī
na de, to apane antaraṅgamen āp bahut santāpavān hotā hai aur apane aṅgoṅkā ghāt karatā
hai tathā viṣh ādise mar jātā hai. — aisī avasthā mān hone par hotī hai.

tathā jab isake māyā kaṣhāy utpanna hotī hai tab chhal dvārā kārya siddha karanekī

ichchhā hotī hai. usake artha anek upāy sochatā hai, nānāprakār kapaṭake vachan kahatā hai,
sharīrakī kapaṭarūp avasthā karatā hai, bāhya vastuoṅko anyathā batalātā hai, tathā jinamen apanā
maraṇ jāne aise bhī chhal karatā hai. kapaṭ pragaṭ hone par svayaṅkā bahut burā ho, maraṇādik
ho unako bhī nahīn ginatā. tathā māyā hone par kisī pūjya va iṣhṭakā bhī sambandha bane
to unase bhī chhal karatā hai, kuchh vichār nahīn rahatā. yadi chhal dvārā kāryasiddhi na ho
to svayam bahut santāpavān hotā hai, apane aṅgoṅkā ghāt karatā hai tathā viṣh ādise mar
jātā hai. — aisī avasthā māyā hone par hotī hai.

tathā jab isake lobh kaṣhāy utpanna ho tab iṣhṭa padārthake lābhakī ichchhā honese usake

artha anek upāy sochatā hai. usake sādhanarūp vachan bolatā hai, sharīrakī anek cheṣhṭā karatā

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54 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

hai, bahut kaṣhṭa sahatā hai, sevā karatā hai, videshagaman karatā hai. jisamen maraṇ honā jāne
vah kārya bhī karatā hai. jinamen bahut duḥkh utpanna ho aise prārambha karatā hai. tathā lobh
hone par pūjya va iṣhṭakā bhī kārya ho vahān̐ bhī apanā prayojan sādhatā hai, kuchh vichār nahīn
rahatā. tathā jis iṣhṭa vastukī prāpta huī hai usakī anek prakārase rakṣhā karatā hai. yadi
iṣhṭa vastukī prāpti na ho yā iṣhṭakā viyog ho to svayam santāpavān hotā hai, apane aṅgoṅkā
ghāt karatā hai tathā viṣh ādise mar jātā hai. — aisī avasthā lobh hone par hotī hai.

is prakār kaṣhāyonse pīṛit huā in avasthāommen pravartatā hai.
tathā in kaṣhāyoṅke sāth nokaṣhāy hotī haĩn. vahān̐ jab hāsya kaṣhāy hotī hai tab

svayam vikasit praphu llit hotā hai; vah aisā jānanā jaise sannipātake rogīkā han̐sanā; nānā
rogonse svayam pīṛit hai to bhī koī kalpanā karake han̐sane lag jātā hai. isī prakār yah
jīv anek pīṛā sahit hai; tathāpi koī jhūṭhī kalpanā karake apaneko suhātā kārya mānakar
harṣha mānatā hai, paramārthataḥ duḥkhī hotā hai. sukhī to kaṣhāy-rog miṭane par hogā.

tathā jab rati utpanna hotī hai tab iṣhṭa vastumen ati āsakta hotā hai. jaise billī

chūheko pakaṛakar āsakta hotī hai, koī māre to bhī nahīn chhoṛatī; so yahān̐ kaṭhinatāse prāpta
honeke kāraṇ tathā viyog honeke abhiprāyase āsaktatā hotī hai, isaliye duḥkh hī hai.

tathā jab arati utpanna hotī hai tab aniṣhṭa vastukā sanyog pākar mahā vyākul hotā

hai. aniṣhṭakā sanyog huā vah svayaṅko suhātā nahīn hai, vah pīṛā sahī nahīn jātī, isaliye
usakā viyog karaneko taṛapatā hai; vah duḥkh hī hai.

tathā jab shok utpanna hotā hai tab iṣhṭakā viyog aur aniṣhṭakā sanyog honese ati

vyākul hokar santāp paidā karatā hai, rotā hai, pukār karatā hai, asāvadhān ho jātā hai,
apane aṅgakā ghāt karake mar jātā hai; kuchh siddhi nahīn hai tathāpi svayam hī mahā duḥkhī
hotā hai.

tathā jab bhay utpanna hotā hai tab kisīko iṣhṭa-viyog va aniṣhṭa-sanyogakā kāraṇ

jānakar ḍaratā hai, ativihval hotā hai, bhāgatā hai, chhipatā hai, shithil ho jātā hai, kaṣhṭa
honeke sthān par pahun̐ch jātā hai va mar jātā hai; so yah duḥkharūp hī hai.

tathā jab jugupsā utpanna hotī hai tab aniṣhṭa vastuse ghr̥uṇā karatā hai. usakā to

sanyog huā aur yah ghr̥uṇā karake bhāganā chāhatā hai yā use dūr karanā chāhatā hai aur
khedakhinna hokar mahā duḥkh pātā hai.

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 55

tathā tīnon vedonse jab kām utpanna hotā hai tab puruṣhavedase strīke sāth ramaṇ karanekī,

strīvedase puruṣhake sāth ramaṇ karanekī aur napunsakavedase donoṅke sāth ramaṇ karanekī ichchhā
hotī hai. usase ati vyākul hotā hai, ātāp utpanna hotā hai, nirlajja hotā hai, dhan kharcha
karatā hai, apayashako nahīn ginatā, paramparā duḥkh ho va daṇḍa ādi ho use nahīn ginatā.
kāmapīṛāse pāgal ho jātā hai, mar jātā hai. rasagranthommen kāmakī das dashāen̐ kahī haĩn.
vahān̐ pāgal honā, maraṇ honā likhā hai. vaidyakashāstrommen jvarake bhedommen kāmajvarako maraṇakā
kāraṇ likhā hai. pratyakṣha hī kāmase maraṇ tak hote dekhe jāte haĩn. kāmāndhako kuchh vichār
nahīn rahatā. pitā putrī tathā manuṣhya tiryañchinī ityādise ramaṇ karane lag jāte haĩn. aisī
kāmakī pīṛā hai so mahāduḥkharūp hai.

is prakār kaṣhāyon aur nokaṣhāyonse avasthāen̐ hotī haĩn.
yahān̐ aisā vichār ātā hai ki yadi in avasthāommen na pravarte to krodhādik pīṛā

utpanna karate hain aur in avasthāommen pravarte to maraṇaparyanta kaṣhṭa hote haĩn. vahān̐ maraṇaparyanta
kaṣhṭa to svīkār karate hain, parantu krodhādikakī pīṛā sahanā svīkār nahīn karate. isase yah
nishchit huā ki maraṇādikase bhī kaṣhāyoṅkī pīṛā adhik hai.

tathā jab isake kaṣhāyakā uday ho tab kaṣhāy kiye binā rahā nahīn jātā.

bāhyakaṣhāyoṅke kāraṇ milen to unake āshray kaṣhāy karatā hai, yadi na milen to svayam kāraṇ
banātā hai. jaise — vyāpārādi kaṣhāyoṅkā kāraṇ na ho to juā khelanā va krodhādikake kāraṇ

anya anek khel khelanā, duṣhṭa kathā kahanā-sunanā ityādi kāraṇ banātā hai. tathā kām-
krodhādi pīṛā karen aur sharīramen unarūp kārya karanekī shakti na ho to auṣhadhi banātā hai
aur anya anek upāy karatā hai. tathā koī kāraṇ bane hī nahīn to apane upayogamen
kaṣhāyoṅke kāraṇabhūt padārthoṅkā chintavan karake svayam hī kaṣhāyonrūp pariṇamit hotā hai.

is prakār yah jīv kaṣhāyabhāvonse pīṛit huā mahān duḥkhī hotā hai.
tathā jis prayojanake liye kaṣhāyabhāv huā hai us prayojanakī siddhi ho to merā

yah duḥkh dūr ho aur mujhe sukh ho — aisā vichārakar us prayojan siddhi honeke artha anek

upāy karanā use duḥkhake dūr honekā upāy mānatā hai.

ab yahān̐ kaṣhāyabhāvonse jo duḥkh hotā hai vah to sachchā hī hai, pratyakṣha svayam hī

duḥkhī hotā hai; parantu yah jo upāy karatā hai ve jhūṭhe haĩn. kyon? so kahate hainḥ —

krodhamen to anyakā burā karanā, mānamen auroṅko nīchā dikhākar svayam ūn̐chā honā, māyāmen

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56 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

chhalase kāryasiddhi karanā, lobhamen iṣhṭakī prāpti karanā, hāsyamen vikasit honekā kāraṇ banā
rahanā, ratimen iṣhṭa sanyogakā banā rahanā, aratimen aniṣhṭakā dūr honā, shokamen shokakā kāraṇ
miṭanā, bhayamen bhayakā kāraṇ miṭanā, jugupsāmen jugupsākā kāraṇ dūr honā, puruṣhavedamen strīse
ramaṇ karanā, strīvedamen puruṣhase ramaṇ karanā, napunsakavedamen donoṅke sāth ramaṇ karanā — aise

prayojan pāye jāte haĩn.

yadi inakī siddhi ho to kaṣhāyakā upashaman honese duḥkh dūr ho jāye, sukhī ho;

parantu unakī siddhi isake kiye upāyoṅke ādhīn nahīn hai, bhavitavyake ādhīn hai; kyoṅki
anek upāy karate hain, parantu siddhi nahīn hotī. tathā upāy honā bhī apane ādhīn nahīn
hai, bhavitavyake ādhīn hai; kyoṅki anek upāy karanekā vichār karatā hai aur ek bhī
upāy nahīn hotā dekhate haĩn.

tathā kākatālīy nyāyase bhavitavya aisā hī ho jaisā apanā prayojan ho, vaisā hī

upāy ho, aur usase kāryakī siddhi bhī ho jāye — to us kārya sambandhī kisī kaṣhāyakā

upasham ho; parantu vahān̐ rukāv nahīn hotā. jab tak kārya siddha nahīn huā thā tab tak
to us kārya sambandhī kaṣhāy thī; aur jis samay kārya siddha huā usī samay anya kārya
sambandhī kaṣhāy ho jātī hain, ek samayamātra bhī nirākul nahīn rahatā. jaise koī krodhase
kisīkā burā sochatā thā aur usakā burā ho chukā, tab anya par krodh karake usakā
burā chāhane lagā. athavā thoṛī shakti thī tab chhoṭoṅkā burā chāhatā thā, bahut shakti huī
tab baṛoṅkā burā chāhane lagā. usī prakār mān-māyā-lobhādik dvārā jo kārya sochatā thā
vah siddha ho chukā tab anyamen mānādik utpanna karake usakī siddhi karanā chāhatā hai. thoṛī
shakti thī tab chhoṭe kāryakī siddhi karanā chāhatā thā, bahut shakti huī tab baṛe kāryakī
siddhi karanekī abhilāṣhā huī. kaṣhāyommen kāryakā pramāṇ ho to us kāryakī siddhi hone
par sukhī ho jāye; parantu pramāṇ hai nahīn, ichchhā barḥatī hī jātī hai.

yahī ātmānushāsanamen kahā haiḥ —

āshāgartaḥ pratiprāṇī yasmin vishvamaṇūpamam.

kasya kin kiyadāyāti vr̥uthā vo viṣhayaiṣhitā..36..

arthaḥ — āshārūpī gaḍḍhā pratyek prāṇīmen pāyā jātā hai. anantānanta jīv hain un sabake

āshā pāyī jātī hai. tathā vah āshārūpī kūp kaisā hai ki us ek gaḍḍhemen samasta lok
aṇu samān hai aur lok to ek hī hai to ab yahān̐ kaho kisako kitanā hissemen āye?
isaliye tumhen jo yah viṣhayoṅkī ichchhā hai so vr̥uthā hī hai.

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 57

ichchhā pūrṇa to hotī nahīn hai, isaliye koī kārya siddha hone par bhī duḥkh dūr nahīn

hotā. athavā koī kaṣhāy miṭe to usīsamay anya kaṣhāy ho jātī hai. jaise — kisīko

māranevāle bahut hon to koī ek jab nahīn māratā tab anya mārane lag jātā hai. usī
prakār jīvako duḥkh denevāle anek kaṣhāy hain; va jab krodh nahīn hotā tab mānādik ho
jāte hain, jab mān na ho tab krodhādik ho jāte haĩn. is prakār kaṣhāyakā sadbhāv banā
hī rahatā hai, koī ek samay bhī kaṣhāy rahit nahīn hotā. isaliye kisī kaṣhāyakā koī
kārya siddha hone par bhī duḥkh kaise dūr ho? aur isakā abhiprāy to sarva kaṣhāyoṅkā sarva
prayojan siddha karanekā hai, vah ho to yah sukhī ho; parantu vah kadāpi nahīn ho sakatā,
isaliye abhiprāyamen sarvadā duḥkhī hī rahatā hai. isaliye kaṣhāyoṅke prayojanako sādhakar duḥkh
dūr karake sukhī honā chāhatā hai; so yah upāy jhūṭhā hī hai.

tab sachchā upāy kyā hai? samyagdarshan — gnānase yathāvat shraddhān aur jānanā ho tab

iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa buddhi miṭe, tathā unhīṅke balase chāritramohakā anubhāg hīn ho. aisā hone par
kaṣhāyoṅkā abhāv ho, tab unakī pīṛā dūr ho aur tab prayojan bhī kuchh nahīn rahe, nirākul
honese mahā sukhī ho. isaliye samyagdarshanādik hī yah duḥkh meṭanekā sachchā upāy hai.

antarāyakarmake udayase honevāle duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

tathā jīvake moh dvārā dān, lābh, bhog, upabhog, vīryashaktikā utsāh utpanna hotā

hai; parantu antarāyake udayase ho nahīn sakatā, tab param ākulatā hotī hai. so yah duḥkharūp
hai hī.

isakā upāy yah karatā hai ki jo vighnake bāhya kāraṇ sūjhate hain unhen dūr karanekā

udyam karatā hai, parantu vah upāy jhūṭhā hai. upāy karane par bhī antarāyakā uday honese
vighna hotā dekhā jātā hai. antarāyakā kṣhayopasham hone par binā upāy bhī vighna nahīn hotā.
isaliye vighnoṅkā mūl kāraṇ antarāy hai.

tathā jaise kutteko puruṣh dvārā mārī huī lāṭhī lagī, vahān̐ vah kuttā lāṭhīse vr̥uthā

hī dveṣh karatā hai; usī prakār jīvako antarāyase nimittabhūt kiye gaye bāhya chetan-achetan
dravyon dvārā vighna hue, yah jīv un bāhya dravyonse vr̥uthā dveṣh karatā hai. anya dravya ise
vighna karanā chāhen aur isake na ho; tathā anya dravya vighna karanā na chāhen aur isake ho
jāye. isaliye jānā jātā hai ki anya dravyakā kuchh vash nahīn hai. jinakā vash nahīn
hai unase kisaliye laṛe? isaliye yah upāy jhūṭhā hai.

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58 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

tab sachchā upāy kyā hai? mithyādarshanādikase ichchhā dvārā jo utsāh utpanna hotā thā

vah samyagdarshanādikase dūr hotā hai aur samyagdarshanādi dvārā hī antarāyakā anubhāg ghaṭe tab
ichchhā to miṭ jāye aur shakti barḥ jāye, tab vah duḥkh dūr hokar nirākul sukh utpanna
hotā hai. isaliye samyagdarshanādi hī sachchā upāy hai.

vedanīyakarmake udayake honevālā duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

tathā vedanīyake udayase duḥkh-sukhake kāraṇoṅkā sanyog hotā hai. vahān̐ kaī to sharīramen

hī avasthāen̐ hotī hain, kaī sharīrakī avasthāko nimittabhūt bāhya sanyog hote hain, aur kaī
bāhya hī vastuoṅke sanyog hote haĩn. vahān̐ asātāke udayase sharīramen to kṣhudhā, tr̥uṣhā, uchchhvās,
pīṛā, rog ityādi hote hain; tathā sharīrakī aniṣhṭa avasthāko nimittabhūt bāhya ati shīt,
uṣhṇa, pavan, bandhanādikakā sanyog hotā hai; tathā bāhya shatru, kuputrādik va kuvarṇādik sahit
skandhoṅkā sanyog hotā hai — so moh dvārā inamen aniṣhṭa buddhi hotī hai. jab inakā uday

ho tab mohakā uday aisā hī āve jisase pariṇāmommen mahā vyākul hokar inhen dūr karanā
chāhe, aur jab tak ve dūr na hon tab tak duḥkhī rahatā hai. inake honese to sabhī duḥkh
mānate haĩn.

tathā sātāke udayase sharīramen ārogyavānapanā, balavānapanā ityādi hote hain; aur

sharīrakī iṣhṭa avasthāko nimittabhūt bāhya khān-pānādik tathā suhāvane pavanādikakā sanyog hotā
hai; tathā bāhya mitra, suputra, strī, kiṅkar, hāthī, ghoṛā, dhan, dhānya, makān, vastrādikakā sanyog
hotā hai — aur moh dvārā inamen iṣhṭabuddhi hotī hai. jab inakā uday ho tab mohakā uday

aisā hī āye ki jisase pariṇāmommen sukh māne, unakī rakṣhā chāhe, jab tak rahen tab tak
sukh māne. so yah sukh mānanā aisā hai jaise koī anek rogonse bahut pīṛit ho rahā
thā, usake kisī upachārase kisī ek rogakī kuchh kālake liye kuchh upashāntatā huī, tab
vah pūrva avasthākī apekṣhā apaneko sukhī kahatā hai; paramārthase sukh hai nahī̃n.

tathā isake asātākā uday hone par jo ho usase to duḥkh bhāsit hotā hai, isaliye

use dūr karanekā upāy karatā hai; aur sātāke uday hone par jo ho usase sukh bhāsit
hotā hai, isaliye use rakhanekā upāy karatā hai — parantu yah upāy jhūṭhā hai.

pratham to isake upāyake ādhīn nahīn hai, vedanīy karmake udayake ādhīn hai.

asātāko miṭāne aur sātāko prāpta karaneke artha to sabhīkā yatna rahatā hai; parantu kisīko
thoṛā yatna karane par bhī athavā na karane par bhī siddhi ho jāye, kisīko bahut yatna karane

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 59

par bhī siddhi nahīn ho; isaliye jānā jātā hai ki isakā upāy isake ādhīn nahīn hai.

tathā kadāchit upāy bhī kare aur vaisā hī uday āye to thoṛe kāl tak kiñchit

kisī prakārakī asātākā kāraṇ miṭe aur sātākā kāraṇ ho; vahān̐ bhī mohake sadbhāvase
unako bhoganekī ichchhāse ākulit hotā hai. ek bhogya vastuko bhoganekī ichchhā ho, jab
tak vah nahīn milatī tab tak to usakī ichchhāse ākul hotā hai; aur vah milī usī
samay anyako bhoganekī ichchhā ho jātī hai, tab usase ākul hotā hai. jaise — kisīko

svād lenekī ichchhā huī thī, usakā āsvād jis samay huā usī samay anya vastukā svād
lenekī tathā sparshanādikī ichchhā utpanna hotī hai.

athavā ek hī vastuko pahale anya prakār bhoganekī ichchhā ho, jab tak vah nahīn

mile tab tak usakī ākulatā rahe aur vah bhog huā usī samay anya prakārase bhoganekī
ichchhā ho jātī hai. jaise strīko dekhanā chāhatā thā, jis samay avalokan huā usī samay
ramaṇ karanekī ichchhā hotī hai. tathā aise bhog bhogate hue bhī unake anya upāy karanekī
ākulatā hotī hai to unhen chhoṛakar anya upāy karanemen lag jātā hai; vahān̐ anek prakārakī
ākulatā hotī hai.

dekho, ek dhanakā upāy karanemen vyāpārādik karate hue tathā usakī rakṣhā karanemen

sāvadhānī karate hue kitanī ākulatā hotī hai. tathā kṣhudhā, tr̥uṣhā, shīt, uṣhṇa, mal, shleṣhmādi
asātākā uday ātā hī rahe; usake nirākaraṇase sukh māne — so kāhekā sukh hai? yah

to rogakā pratikār hai. jab tak kṣhudhādik rahen tab tak unako miṭānekī ichchhāse ākulatā
hotī hai, vah miṭen tab koī anya ichchhā utpanna ho usakī ākulatā hotī hai aur phi ra
kṣhudhādik hon tab unakī ākulatā ho ātī hai.

is prakār isake upāy karate hue kadāchit asātā miṭakar sātā ho, vahān̐ bhī

ākulatā banī hī rahatī hai, isaliye duḥkh hī rahatā hai.

tathā aise bhī rahanā to hotā nahīn hai, upāy karate-karate hī apaneko asātākā uday

aisā āye ki usakā kuchh upāy ban nahīn sake aur usakī pīṛā ho, sahī na jāye, tab
usakī ākulatāse vihval ho jāye; vahān̐ mahā duḥkhī hotā hai.

so is sansāramen sātākā uday to kisī puṇyake udayase kisīke kadāchit hī pāyā

jātā hai; bahut jīvoṅke bahut kāl asātāhīkā uday rahatā hai. isaliye upāy karatā
hai ve jhūṭhe haĩn.

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60 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

athavā bāhya sāmagrīse sukh-duḥkh mānate hain so hī bhram hai. sukh-duḥkh to sātā-asātākā

uday hone par mohake nimittase hote hain — aisā pratyakṣha dekhanemen ātā hai. lakṣha dhanake dhanīko

sahasra dhanakā vyay huā tab vah to duḥkhī hai aur shat dhanake dhanīko sahasra dhan huā tab
vah sukh mānatā hai. bāhya sāmagrī to usake isase ninyānavegunī hai. athavā lakṣha dhanake dhanīko
adhik dhanakī ichchhā hai to vah duḥkhī hai aur shat dhanake dhanīko santoṣh hai to vah sukhī
hai. tathā samān vastu milane par koī sukh mānatā hai koī duḥkh mānatā hai. jaise — kisīko

moṭe vastrakā milanā duḥkhakārī hotā hai, kisīko sukhakārī hotā hai. tathā sharīramen kṣhudhā ādi
pīṛā va bāhya iṣhṭakā viyog, aniṣhṭakā sanyog hone par kisīko bahut duḥkh hotā hai, kisīko
thoṛā hotā hai, kisīko nahīn hotā. isaliye sāmagrīke ādhīn sukh-duḥkh nahīn hain, sātā-
asātākā uday hone par moh-pariṇamanake nimittase hī sukh-duḥkh mānate haĩn.

yahān̐ prashna hai ki — bāhya sāmagrīkā to tum kahate ho vaisā hī hai; parantu sharīramen

to pīṛā hone par duḥkhī hotā hī hai aur pīṛā na hone par sukhī hotā hai — yah to

sharīr-avasthāhīke ādhīn sukh-duḥkh bhāsit hote hain?

samādhānaḥ — ātmākā to gnān indriyādhīn hai aur indriyān̐ sharīrakā aṅga hain, isaliye

isamen jo avasthā ho use jānanerūp gnān pariṇamit hotā hai; usake sāth hī mohabhāv ho,
usase sharīrakī avasthā dvārā sukh-duḥkh visheṣh jānā jātā hai. tathā putra dhanādikase adhik
moh ho to apane sharīrakā kaṣhṭa sahe usakā thoṛā duḥkh māne, aur unako duḥkh hone par
athavā unakā sanyog miṭane par bahut duḥkh māne; aur muni hain ve sharīrako pīṛā hone
par bhī kuchh duḥkh nahīn mānate; isaliye sukh-duḥkhakā mānanā to mohahīke ādhīn hai. mohake
aur vedanīyake nimitta-naimittik sambandha hai, isaliye sātā-asātā ke udayase sukh-duḥkhakā
honā bhāsit hotā hai. tathā mukhyataḥ kitanī hī sāmagrī sātāke udayase hotī hai, kitanī
hī asātāke udayase hotī hai; isaliye sāmagriyonse sukh-duḥkh bhāsit hote haĩn. parantu nirdhār
karane par moh hī se sukh-duḥkh kā mānanā hotā hai, auroṅke dvārā sukh-duḥkh honekā niyam
nahīn hai. kevalīke sātā-asātākā uday bhī hai aur sukh-duḥkhake kāraṇ sāmagrīkā sanyog
bhī hai; parantu mohake abhāvase kiñchitmātra bhī sukh-duḥkh nahīn hotā. isaliye sukh-duḥkh
ko mohajanit hī mānanā. isaliye tū sāmagrīko dūr karanekā yā honekā upāy karake duḥkh
miṭānā chāhe aur sukhī honā chāhe so yah upāy jhūṭhā hai.

to sachchā upāy kyā hai? samyagdarshanādikase bhram dūr ho tab sāmagrīse sukh-duḥkh bhāsit

nahīn hotā, apane pariṇāmahīse bhāsit hotā hai. tathā yathārtha vichārake abhyās dvārā apane

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 61

pariṇām jaise sāmagrīke nimittase sukhī-duḥkhī na hon vaise sādhan kare tathā samyagdarshanādikī
bhāvanāsehī moh mand ho jāye tab aisī dashā ho jāye ki anek kāraṇ milane par bhī
apaneko sukh-duḥkh nahīn hotā; tab ek shāntadashārūp nirākul hokar sachche sukhakā anubhav
karatā hai, aur tab sarva duḥkh miṭakar sukhī hotā hai — yah sachchā upāy hai.

āyukarmake udayase honevālā duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

tathā āyukarmake nimittase paryāyakā dhāraṇ karanā so jīvitavya hai aur paryāyakā chhūṭanā

so maraṇ hai. yah jīv mithyādarshanādikase paryāyako hī apanerūp anubhav karatā hai; isalie
jīvitavya rahane par apanā astitva mānatā hai aur maraṇ hone par apanā abhāv honā mānatā
hai. isī kāraṇase ise sadākāl maraṇakā bhay rahatā hai, us bhayase sadā ākulatā rahatī
hai. jinako maraṇakā kāraṇ jāne unase bahut ḍaratā hai, kadāchit unakā sanyog bane to
mahāvihval ho jātā hai — isaprakār mahā duḥkhī rahatā hai.

usakā upāy yah karatā hai ki maraṇake kāraṇoṅko dūr rakhatā hai athavā svayam unase

bhāgatā hai. tathā auṣhadhādik sādhan karatā hai; kilā, koṭ ādi banātā hai — ityādi upāy

karatā hai so ye upāy jhūṭhe hain; kyoṅki āyu pūrṇa hone par to anek upāy kare, anek
sahāyak hon tathāpi maraṇ ho hī jātā hai, ek samayamātra bhī jīvit nahīn rahatā. aur
jab tak āyu pūrṇa na ho tab tak anek kāraṇ mile, sarvathā maraṇ nahīn hotā. isaliye
upāy karanese maraṇ miṭatā nahīn hai; tathā āyukī sthiti pūrṇa hotī hī hai, isalie maraṇ
bhī hotā hī hai. isakā upāy karanā jhūṭhā hī hai.

to sachchā upāy kyā hai? samyagdarshanādikase paryāyamen ahambuddhi chhūṭ jāye, svayam

anādinidhan chaitanyadravya hai usamen ahambuddhi āye, paryāyako svāṅg samān jāne; tab maraṇakā
bhay nahīn rahatā. tathā samyagdarshanādikase hī siddhapad prāpta kare tab maraṇakā abhāv hī hotā
hai. isaliye samyagdarshanādik hī sachche upāy haĩn.

nāmakarmake udayase honevālā duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

tathā nāmakarmake udayase gati, jāti, sharīrādik utpanna hote haĩn. unamense jo puṇyake

udayase hote hain ve to sukhake kāraṇ hote hain aur jo pāpake udayase hote hain ve duḥkhake
kāraṇ hote hain; so yahān̐ sukh mānanā bhram hai. tathā yah duḥkhake kāraṇ miṭānekā aur sukhake
kāraṇ honekā upāy karatā hai vah jhūṭhā hai; sachchā upāy samyagdarshanādik haĩn. jaisā nirūpaṇ

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62 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

vedanīyakā kathan karate hue kiyā vaisā yahān̐ bhī jānanā. vedanīy aur nāmamen sukh-duḥkhake
kāraṇapanekī samānatāse nirūpaṇakī samānatā jānanā.

gotrakarmake udayase honevālā duḥkh aur usase nivr̥utti

tathā gotrakarmake udayase uchcha-nīch kulamen utpanna hotā hai. vahān̐ uchcha kulamen utpanna hone

par apaneko ūn̐chā mānatā hai aur nīch kulamen utpanna hone par apaneko nīchā mānatā hai. vahān̐,
kul palaṭanekā upāy to isako bhāsit nahīn hotā, isaliye jaisā kul prāpta kiyā usīmen
apanāpan mānatā hai. parantu kul kī apekṣhā ūn̐chā-nīchā mānanā bhram hai. koī uchcha kulavālā
nindya kārya kare to vah nīchā ho jāye aur nīch kulamen koī shlāghya kārya kare to vah ūn̐chā
ho jāye. lobhādikase uchcha kulavāle nīche kulavālekī sevā karane lag jāte haĩn.

tathā kul kitane kāl rahatā hai? paryāy chhūṭane par kulakī badalī ho jātī hai; isaliye

uchcha-nīch kulase apaneko ūn̐chā-nīchā mānane par uchcha kulavāleko nīchā honeke bhayakā aur
nīch kulavāle ko prāpta kiye hue nīchepanakā duḥkh hī hai.

isakā sachchā upāy yahī hai ki — samyagdarshanādik dvārā uchcha-nīch kulamen harṣha-viṣhād

na māne. tathā unhīnse jisakī phi ra badalī nahīn hotī aisā sabase ūn̐chā siddhapad prāpta karatā
hai tab sab duḥkh miṭ jāte hain aur sukhī hotā hai.

is prakār karmodayakī apekṣhā mithyādarshanādikake nimittase sansāramen duḥkh hī duḥkh pāyā

jātā hai, usakā varṇan kiyā.

(kha) paryāyakī apekṣhāse

paryāyoṅkī apekṣhāse ab, isī duḥkhakā varṇan karate hainḥ —

ekendriy jīvoṅke duḥkh

is sansāramen bahut kāl to ekendriy paryāyamen hī bītatā hai. isaliye anādihīse

to nityanigodamen rahanā hotā hai; phi ra vahān̐se nikalanā aisā hai jaisā bhāṛamen bhun̐jate hue chanekā
uchaṭ jānā. is prakār vahān̐se nikalakar anya paryāy dhāraṇ kare to trasamen to bahut thoṛe
hī kāl rahatā hai; ekendriyamen hī bahut kāl vyatīt karatā hai.

vahān̐ itaranigodamen bahut kāl rahanā hotā hai tathā kitane kāl tak pr̥ithvī, ap,

tej, vāyu aur pratyek vanaspatimen rahanā hotā hai. nityanigodase nikalakar bādamen trasamen rahanekā
utkr̥uṣhṭa kāl to sādhik do hajār sāgar hī hai tathā ekendriyamen rahanekā utkr̥uṣhṭa kāl asaṅkhyāt

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