Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (simplified iso15919 transliteration). Chautha Adhyay.

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 63

pudgalaparāvartan mātra hai aur pudgalaparāvartanakā kāl aisā hai jisake anantaven bhāgamen bhī ananta
sāgar hote haĩn. isalie is sansārīke mukhyataḥ ekendriy paryāyamen hī kāl vyatīt hotā hai.

vahān̐ ekendriyake gnān-darshanakī shakti to kiñchitmātra hī rahatī hai. ek sparshan indriyake

nimittase huā matignān aur usake nimittase huā shrutagnān tathā sparshan indriyajanit
achakṣhudarshan — jinake dvārā shīt-uṣhṇādikako kiñchit jānate-dekhate haĩn. gnānāvaraṇ-darshanāvaraṇake

tīvra udayase isase adhik gnān-darshan nahīn pāye jāte aur viṣhayoṅkī ichchhā pāyī jātī hai
jisase mahā duḥkhī haĩn. tathā darshanamohake udayase mithyādarshan hotā hai usase paryāyakā hī
apanerūp shraddhān karate hain, anya vichār karanekī shakti hī nahīn hai.

tathā chāritramohake udayase tīvra krodhādik-kaṣhāyarūp pariṇamit hote hain; kyoṅki unake

kevalībhagavānane kr̥iṣhṇa, nīl, kāpot yah tīn ashubh leshyā hī kahī hain aur ve tīvra kaṣhāy
hone par hī hotī haĩn. vahān̐ kaṣhāy to bahut hai aur shakti sarva prakārase mahā hīn hai,
isalie bahut duḥkhī ho rahe hain, kuchh upāy nahīn kar sakate.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — gnān to kiñchitmātra hī rahā hai, phi ra ve kyā kaṣhāy karate hain?

samādhānaḥ — aisā koī niyam to hai nahīn ki jitanā gnān ho utanī hī kaṣhāy ho.

gnān to jitanā kṣhayopasham ho utanā hotā hai. jaise kisī andhe-bahare puruṣhako gnān thoṛā
hone par bhī bahut kaṣhāy hotī dikhāī detī hai, usī prakār ekendriyake gnān thoṛā hone
par bhī bahut kaṣhāy honā mānā gayā hai.

tathā bāhya kaṣhāy pragaṭ tab hotī hai, jab kaṣhāyake anusār kuchh upāy kare, parantu

ve shaktihīn hain, isaliye upāy kuchh kar nahīn sakate, isase unakī kaṣhāy pragaṭ nahīn hotī.
jaise koī puruṣh shaktihīn hai, usako kisī kāraṇase tīvra kaṣhāy ho, parantu kuchh kar nahīn
sakatā, isaliye usakī kaṣhāy bāhyamen pragaṭ nahīn hotī, vah ati duḥkhī hotā hai; usī prakār
ekendriy jīv shaktihīn hain; unako kisī kāraṇase kaṣhāy hotī hai, parantu kuchh kar nahīn
sakate, isaliye unakī kaṣhāy bāhyamen pragaṭ nahīn hotī, ve svayam hī duḥkhī hote haĩn.

tathā aisā jānanā ki jahān̐ kaṣhāy bahut ho aur shakti hīn ho vahān̐ bahut duḥkh

hotā hai aur jyon jyon kaṣhāy kam hotī jāye tathā shakti barḥatī jāye tyon-tyon duḥkh kam
hotā hai. parantu ekendriyoṅke kaṣhāy bahut aur shakti hīn, isaliye ekendriy jīv mahā
duḥkhī haĩn. unake duḥkh ve hī bhogate hain aur kevalī jānate haĩn. jaise — sannipāt ke rogīkā

gnān kam ho jāye aur bāhya shaktikī hīnatāse apanā duḥkh pragaṭ bhī na kar sake, parantu

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64 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

vah mahā duḥkhī hai. usī prakār ekendriyakā gnān to thoṛā hai aur bāhya shaktihīnatāke
kāraṇ apanā duḥkh pragaṭ bhī nahīn kar sakatā, parantu mahā duḥkhī hai.

tathā antarāyake tīvra udayase chāhā huā bahut nahīn hotā, isalie bhī duḥkhī hī

hote haĩn.

tathā aghāti karmommen visheṣharūpase pāpaprakr̥itiyoṅkā uday hai; vahān̐ asātāvedanīyakā uday

hone par usake nimittase mahā duḥkhī hote haĩn. vanaspati hai so pavanase ṭūṭatī hai, shīt-uṣhṇatāse
sūkh jātī hai, jal na milanese sūkh jātī hai, agnise jal jātī hai; usako koī chhedatā
hai, bhedatā hai, masalatā hai, khātā hai, toṛatā hai — ityādi avasthā hotī hai. usī prakār

yathāsambhav pr̥ithvī ādimen avasthāen̐ hotī haĩn. un avasthāoṅke honese ve mahā duḥkhī hote
haĩn.

jis prakār manuṣhyake sharīramen aisī avasthā hone par duḥkh hotā hai usī prakār unake

hotā hai. kyoṅki inakā jānapanā sparshan indriyase hotā hai aur unake sparshan indriy hai
hī, usake dvārā unhen jānakar mohake vashase mahā vyākul hote hain; parantu bhāganekī, laṛanekī
yā pukāranekī shakti nahīn hai, isaliye agnānī log unake duḥkhako nahīn jānate. tathā kadāchit
kiñchit sātākā uday hotā hai, parantu vah balavān nahīn hotā.

tathā āyukarmase in ekendriy jīvommen jo aparyāpta hain unake to paryāyakī sthiti

uchchhvāsake aṭhārahaven bhāg mātra hī hai, aur paryāptoṅkī antarmūhūrta ādi kitane hī varṣha paryanta
hai. vahān̐ āyu thoṛā honese janma-maraṇ hote hī rahate hain usase duḥkhī haĩn.

tathā nāmakarmamen tiryañchagati ādi pāpaprakr̥itiyoṅkā hī uday visheṣharūpase pāyā jātā hai.

kisī hīn puṇyaprakr̥itikā uday ho usakā balavānapanā nahīn hotā, isaliye unase bhī mohake
vashase duḥkhī hote haĩn.

tathā gotrakarmamen nīch gotrahīkā uday hai, isaliye mahantatā nahīn hotī, isaliye bhī

duḥkhī hī haĩn.

isaprakār ekendriy jīv mahā duḥkhī hain aur is sansāramen jaise pāṣhāṇ ādhār par

to bahut kāl rahatā hai, nirādhār ākāshamen to kadāchit kiñchitmātra kāl rahatā hai; usīprakār
jīv ekendriy paryāyamen bahut kāl rahatā hai, anya paryāyommen to kadāchit kiñchitmātra kāl
rahatā hai; isaliye yah jīv sansāramen mahā duḥkhī hai.

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 65

vikalatray va asañgnī pañchendriy jīvoṅke duḥkh

tathā jīv dvīndriy, trīndriy, chaturindriy, asañgnī pañchendriy paryāyoṅko dhāraṇ kare vahān̐

bhī ekendriyavat duḥkh jānanā. visheṣh itanā ki — yahān̐ kramase ek-ek indriyajanit gnān-

darshanakī tathā kuchh shaktikī adhikatā huī hai aur bolane-chālanekī shakti huī hai. vahān̐ bhī
jo aparyāpta hain tathā paryāpta bhī hīnashaktike dhārak hain; chhoṭe jīv hain, unakī shakti pragaṭ
nahīn hotī. tathā kitane hī paryāpta bahut shaktike dhārak baṛe jīv hain unakī shakti pragaṭ
hotī hai; isaliye ve jīv viṣhayoṅkā upāy karate hain, duḥkh dūr honekā upāy karate haĩn.
krodhādikase kāṭanā, māranā, laṛanā, chhal karanā, annādikā saṅgrah karanā, bhāganā ityādi kārya
karate hain; duḥkhase taṛaph ṛānā, pukāranā ityādi kriyā karate hain; isaliye unakā duḥkh kuchh pragaṭ
bhī hotā hai. is prakār laṭ, kīṛī ādi jīvoṅko shīt, uṣhṇa, chhedan, bhedanādikase tathā
bhūkh-pyās ādise param duḥkhī dekhate haĩn. jo pratyakṣha dikhāī detā hai usakā vichār kar
lenā. yahān̐ visheṣh kyā likhen?

is prakār dvīndriyādik jīvoṅko bhī mahā duḥkhī hī jānanā.

sañgnī pañchendriy jīvoṅke duḥkh

narak gatike duḥkh

tathā sañgnī pañchendriyommen nārakī jīv hain ve to sarva prakārase bahut duḥkhī haĩn. unamen

gnānādikī shakti kuchh hai, parantu viṣhayoṅkī ichchhā bahut hai aur iṣhṭa viṣhayoṅkī sāmagrī kiñchit
bhī nahīn milatī, isalie us shaktike honese bhī bahut duḥkhī haĩn. unake krodhādi kaṣhāyakī
ati tīvratā pāyī jātī hai; kyoṅki unake kr̥iṣhṇādi ashubh leshyā hī haĩn.

vahān̐ krodh – mānase paraspar duḥkh denekā kārya nirantar pāyā jātā hai. yadi paraspar

mitratā karen to duḥkh miṭ jāye. aur anyako duḥkh denese unakā kuchh kārya bhī nahīn hotā,
parantu krodh – mānakī ati tīvratā pāyī jātī hai usase paraspar duḥkh denekī hī buddhi rahatī

hai. vikriyā dvārā anyako duḥkhadāyak sharīrake aṅg banāte hain tathā shastrādi banāte haĩn.
unake dvārā dūsaroṅko svayam pīṛā dete hain aur svayaṅko koī aur pīṛā detā hai. kabhī kaṣhāy
upashānta nahīn hotī. tathā unamen māyā – lobhakī bhī ati tīvratā hai, parantu koī iṣhṭa sāmagrī

vahān̐ dikhāī nahīn detī, isaliye un kaṣhāyoṅkā kārya pragaṭ nahīn kar sakate; unase antaraṅgamen
mahā-duḥkhī haĩn. tathā kadāchit kiñchit koī prayojan pākar unakā bhī kārya hotā hai.

tathā hāsya-rati kaṣhāy hain, parantu bāhya nimitta nahīn hain, isaliye pragaṭ hote nahīn hain,

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66 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

kadāchit kiñchit kisī kāraṇase hote haĩn. tathā arati-shok-bhay-jugupsāke bāhya kāraṇ ban
rahe hain, isaliye ve kaṣhāyen tīvra pragaṭ hotī haĩn. tathā vedommen napunsakaved hai, so ichchhā to
bahut aur strī-puruṣhonse ramaṇ karanekā nimitta nahīn hai, isaliye mahā pīṛit haĩn.

is prakār kaṣhāyon dvārā ati duḥkhī haĩn.
tathā vedanīyamen asātā hī kā uday hai usase vahān̐ anek vedanāoṅke nimitta hain, sharīramen

kuṣhṭha, kās, shvāsādi anek rog yugapat pāye jāte hain aur kṣhudhā, tr̥uṣhā aisī hai ki sarvakā
bhakṣhaṇ-pān karanā chāhate hain, aur vahān̐kī miṭṭīkā hī bhojan milatā hai, vah miṭṭī bhī aisī
hai ki yadi yahān̐ ā jāye to usakī durgandhase kaī kosoṅke manuṣhya mar jāyẽn. aur vahān̐ shīt,
uṣhṇatā aisī hai ki yadi lākh yojanakā lohekā golā ho to vah bhī unase bhasma ho jāye.
kahīn shīt hai kahīn uṣhṇatā hai. tathā pr̥ithvī vahān̐ shastronse bhī mahātīkṣhṇa kaṇṭakon sahit hai.
us pr̥ithvīmen jo van hain ve shastrakī dhār samān patrādi sahit haĩn. nadī aise jal yukta hai ki
jisakā sparsha hone par sharīr khaṇḍa-khaṇḍa ho jāye. pavan aisā prachaṇḍa hai ki usase sharīr
dagdha ho jātā hai. tathā nārakī ek-dūsareko anek prakārase pīṛā dete hain, ghānīmen pelate hain,
khaṇḍa-khaṇḍa kar ḍālate hain, haṇḍiyommen rān̐dhate hain, koṛe mārate hain, tapta lohādikakā sparsha karāte
hain — ityādi vedanā utpanna karate haĩn. tīsarī pr̥ithvī tak asurakumār dev jāte haĩn. ve svayam

pīṛā dete hain aur paraspar laṛāte haĩn. aisī vedanā hone par bhī sharīr chhūṭatā nahīn hai, pārekī
bhān̐ti khaṇḍa-khaṇḍa ho jāne par bhī mil jātā hai. — aisī mahā pīṛā hai.

tathā sātākā nimitta to kuchh hai nahī̃n. kisī anshamen kadāchit kisīko apanī mānyatāse

kisī kāraṇ-apekṣhā sātākā uday hotā hai to vah balavān nahīn hotā. āyu vahān̐ bahut hai.
jaghanya āyu das hajār varṣha tathā utkr̥uṣhṭa āyu tetīs sāgar hai. itane kāl tak vahān̐ aise
duḥkh sahane paṛate haĩn. vahān̐ nāmakarmakī sarva pāpaprakr̥itiyoṅkā hī uday hai, ek bhī puṇyaprakr̥itikā
uday nahīn hai; unase mahā duḥkhī haĩn. tathā gotramen nīch gotrakā hī uday hai usase mahantatā
nahīn hotī, isaliye duḥkhī hī haĩn. — is prakār narakagatimen mahā duḥkh jānanā.

tiryañch gatike duḥkh

tathā tiryañchagatimen bahut labghi-aparyāpta jīv haĩn. unakī to uchchhvāsake aṭhārahaven bhāg-

mātra āyu hai. tathā kitane hī paryāpta bhī chhoṭe jīv hain, parantu unakī shakti pragaṭ bhāsit
nahīn hotī. unake duḥkh ekendriyavat jānanā; gnānādikakā visheṣh hai so visheṣh jānanā.
tathā baṛe paryāpta jīv kitane hī sammūrchchhan hain, kitane hī garbhaj haĩn. unamen gnānādik pragaṭ

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 67

hote hain, parantu ve viṣhayoṅkī ichchhāse ākulit haĩn. unamen bahutoṅko to iṣhṭa-viṣhayakī prāpti
hai nahīn; kisīko kadāchit kiñchit hotī hai.

tathā mithyātvabhāvase atattvashraddhānī ho hī rahe hain aur kaṣhāy mukhyataḥ tīvra hī pāyī

jātī haĩn. krodh – mānase paraspar laṛate hain, bhakṣhaṇ karate hain, duḥkh dete hain; māyā – lobhase chhal

karate hain, vastuko chāhate hain; hāsyādik dvārā un kaṣhāyoṅke kāryommen pravartate haĩn. tathā kisīke
kadāchit mandakaṣhāy hotī hai, parantu thoṛe jīvoṅke hotī hai, isaliye mukhyatā nahīn hai.

tathā vedanīyamen mukhyataḥ asātākā uday hai. usase rog, pīṛā, kṣhudhā, tr̥uṣhā, chhedan,

bhedan, bahut bhār-vahan, shīt, uṣhṇa, aṅg-bhaṅgādi avasthā hotī hai. usase duḥkhī hote pratyakṣha
dekhe jāte hain, isalie bahut nahīn kahā hai. kisīke kadāchit kiñchit sātākā bhī uday
hotā hai, parantu thoṛe hī jīvoṅko hai, mukhyatayā nahīn hai. tathā āyu antarmuhūrtase lekar koṭi
varṣha paryanta hai. vahān̐ bahut jīv alpa āyuke dhārak hote hain, isaliye janma-maraṇakā duḥkh
pāte haĩn. tathā bhogabhūmiyoṅkī baṛī āyu hai aur unake sātākā bhī uday hai, parantu ve
jīv thoṛe haĩn. tathā mukhyataḥ to nāmakarmakī tiryañchagati ādi pāpaprakr̥itiyoṅkā hī uday hai.
kisīko kadāchit kinhīn puṇyaprakr̥itiyoṅkā bhī uday hotā hai, parantu thoṛe jīvoṅko thoṛā hotā
hai, mukhyatā nahīn hai. tathā gotramen nīch gotrakā hī uday hai, isaliye hīn ho rahe haĩn. —

is prakār tiryañch gatimen mahā duḥkh jānanā.

manuṣhya gatike duḥkh

tathā manuṣhyagatimen asaṅkhyāt jīv to labdhi-aparyāpta hain ve sammūrchchhan hī hain, unakī

āyu to uchchhvāsake aṭhārahaven bhāg mātra hai. tathā kitane hī jīv garbhamen ākar thoṛe hī
kālamen maraṇ pāte hain, unakī to shakti pragaṭ bhāsit nahīn hotī; unake duḥkh ekendriyavat
jānanā. visheṣh hai so visheṣh jānanā.

tathā garbhajoṅke kuchh kāl garbhamen rahaneke bād bāhar nikalanā hotā hai. unake duḥkhakā

varṇan karma-apekṣhāse pahale varṇan kiyā hai vaise jānanā. vah sarva varṇan garbhaj manuṣhyoṅke sambhav
hai. athavā tiryañchoṅkā varṇan kiyā hai us prakār jānanā.

visheṣh yah hai ki — yahān̐ koī shakti visheṣh pāyī jātī hai tathā rājādikoṅke visheṣh

sātākā uday hotā hai tathā kṣhatriyādikoṅko uchcha gotrakā bhī uday hotā hai. tathā dhan-
kuṭumbādikakā nimitta visheṣh pāyā jātā hai — ityādi visheṣh jānanā.

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athavā garbha ādi avasthāoṅke duḥkh pratyakṣha bhāsit hote haĩn. jis prakār viṣhṭāmen

laṭ utpanna hotī hai usī prakār garbhamen shukra-shoṇitake binduko apane sharīrarūp karake jīv
utpanna hotā hai. bādamen vahān̐ kramashaḥ gnānādikakī tathā sharīrakī vr̥uddhi hotī hai. garbhakā duḥkh
bahut hai. saṅkuchit rūpase aundhe mun̐h kṣhudhā-tr̥uṣhādi sahit vahān̐ kāl pūrṇa karatā hai. jab
bāhar nikalatā hai tab bālyāvasthāmen mahā duḥkh hotā hai. koī kahate hain ki bālyāvasthāmen
duḥkh thoṛā hai; so aisā nahīn hai, kintu shakti thoṛī honese vyakta nahīn ho sakatā. bādamen
vyāpārādik tathā viṣhay-ichchhā ādi duḥkhoṅkī pragaṭatā hotī hai. iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa janit ākulatā
banī hī rahatī hai. pashchāt jab vr̥uddha ho tab shaktihīn ho jātā hai aur tab param duḥkhī
hotā hai. ye duḥkh pratyakṣha hote dekhe jāte haĩn.

ham bahut kyā kahen? pratyakṣha jise bhāsit nahīn hote vah kahe hue kaise sunegā? kisīke

kadāchit kiñchit sātākā uday hotā hai so ākulatāmay hai. aur tīrthaṅkarādi pad mokṣhamārga
prāpta kiye binā hote nahīn haĩn. — is prakār manuṣhya paryāyamen duḥkh hī haĩn.

ek manuṣhya paryāyamen koī apanā bhalā honekā upāy kare to ho sakatā hai. jaise —

kāne gannekī jaṛ va usakā ūparī phīkā bhāg to chūsane yogya hī nahīn hai, aur bīchakī
poren kāī honese ve bhī nahīn chūsī jātīn; koī svādakā lobhī unhen bigāṛe to bigāṛo;
parantu yadi unhen bo de to unase bahutase ganne hon, aur unakā svād bahut mīṭhā āye.
usī prakār manuṣhya-paryāyakā bālak-vr̥uddhapanā to sukhayogya nahīn hai, aur bīchakī avasthā rog-
kleshādise yukta hai, vahān̐ sukh ho nahīn sakatā; koī viṣhayasukhakā lobhī use bigāṛe to bigāṛo;
parantu yadi use dharma sādhanamen lagāye to bahut uchchapadako pāye, vahān̐ sukh bahut nirākul
pāyā jātā hai. isaliye yahān̐ apanā hit sādhanā, sukh honeke bhramase vr̥uthā nahīn khonā.

dev gatike duḥkh

tathā dev paryāyamen gnānādikakī shakti auronse kuchh visheṣh hai; ve mithyātvase

atattvashraddhānī ho rahe haĩn. tathā unake kaṣhāy kuchh mand haĩn. bhavanavāsī, vyantar, jyotiṣhkoṅke
kaṣhāy bahut mand nahīn hain aur unakā upayog chañchal bahut hai tathā kuchh shakti bhī hai so
kaṣhāyoṅke kāryommen pravartate hain; kautūhal, viṣhayādi kāryommen lag rahe hain aur us ākulatāse
duḥkhī hī haĩn. tathā vaimānikoṅke ūpar-ūpar visheṣh mandakaṣhāy hai aur shakti visheṣh hai, isaliye
ākulatā ghaṭanese duḥkh bhī ghaṭatā hai.

yahān̐ devoṅke krodh – mān kaṣhāy hain, parantu kāraṇ thoṛā hai, isaliye unake kāryakī

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 69

gauṇatā hai. kisīkā burā karanā tathā kisīko hīn karanā ityādi kārya nikr̥uṣhṭa
devoṅke to kautūhalādise hote hain, parantu utkr̥uṣhṭa devoṅke thoṛe hote hain, mukhyatā nahīn hai; tathā
māyā – lobh kaṣhāyoṅke kāraṇ pāye jāte hain isaliye unake kāryakī mukhyatā hai; isaliye chhal

karanā, viṣhay-sāmagrīkī chāh karanā ityādi kārya visheṣh hote haĩn. ve bhī ūn̐che-ūn̐che devoṅke
kam haĩn.

tathā hāsya, rati kaṣhāyake kāraṇ bahut pāye jāte hain, isalie inake kāryoṅkī mukhyatā

hai. tathā arati, shok, bhay, jugupsā inake kāraṇ thoṛe hain, isaliye inake kāryoṅkī gauṇatā
hai. tathā strīved, puruṣhavedakā uday hai aur ramaṇ karanekā bhī nimitta hai so kām-sevan
karate haĩn. ye bhī kaṣhāy ūpar-ūpar manda haĩn. ahamindroṅke vedoṅkī mandatāke kāraṇ kām-
sevanakā abhāv hai.

is prakār devoṅke kaṣhāyabhāv hai aur kaṣhāyase hī duḥkh hai.
tathā inake kaṣhāyen jitanī thoṛī hain utanā duḥkh bhī thoṛā hai, isaliye auroṅkī apekṣhā

inhen sukhī kahate haĩn. paramārthase kaṣhāyabhāv jīvit hai usase duḥkhī hī haĩn.

tathā vedanīyamen sātākā uday bahut hai. vahān̐ bhavanatrikako thoṛā hai, vaimānikoṅke ūpar-

ūpar visheṣh hai. iṣhṭa sharīrakī avasthā, strī, mahal ādi sāmagrīkā sanyog pāyā jātā hai.
tathā kadāchit kiñchit asātākā bhī uday kisī kāraṇase hotā hai. vah nikr̥uṣhṭa devoṅke kuchh
pragaṭ bhī hai, parantu utkr̥uṣhṭa devoṅke visheṣh pragaṭ nahīn hai. tathā āyu baṛī hai. jaghanya āyu
das hajār varṣha aur utkr̥uṣhṭa ikatīs sāgar hai. isase adhik āyukā dhārī mokṣhamārga prāpta
kie binā nahīn hotā. so itane kāl tak viṣhay-sukhamen magna rahate haĩn. tathā nāmakarmakī
devagati ādi sarva puṇyaprakr̥itiyoṅkā hī uday hai, isaliye sukhakā kāraṇ hai. aur gotramen
uchcha gotrakā hī uday hai, isaliye mahanta padako prāpta haĩn.

is prakār inako puṇya-udayakī visheṣhatāse iṣhṭa sāmagrī milī hai aur kaṣhāyonse ichchhā

pāyī jātī hai, isaliye usake bhoganemen āsakta ho rahe hain, parantu ichchhā adhik hī rahatī
hai, isaliye sukhī nahīn hote. uchcha devoṅko utkr̥uṣhṭa puṇya-uday hai, kaṣhāy bahut mand hai; tathāpi
unake bhī ichchhākā abhāv nahīn hotā, isaliye paramārthase duḥkhī hī haĩn.

is prakār sansāramen sarvatra duḥkh hī duḥkh pāyā jātā hai. — is prakār paryāy- apekṣhāse

duḥkhakā varṇan kiyā.

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70 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

(ga) duḥkhakā sāmānya svarūp

ab is sarva duḥkhakā sāmānyasvarūp kahate haĩn. duḥkhakā lakṣhaṇ ākulatā hai aur

ākulatā ichchhā hone par hotī hai.

chār prakārakī ichchhāen̐

is sansārī jīvake ichchhā anek prakār pāyī jātī hainḥ —

(1) ek ichchhā to viṣhay-grahaṇakī hai, usase yah dekhanā-jānanā chāhatā hai. jaise —

varṇa dekhanekī, rāg sunanekī, avyaktako jānanekī, ityādi ichchhā hotī hai. vahān̐ anya koī
pīṛā nahīn hai, parantu jab tak dekhatā-jānatā nahīn hai tab tak mahā vyākul hotā hai. is
ichchhā kā nām viṣhay hai.

tathā (2) ek ichchhā kaṣhāyabhāvoṅke anusār kārya karanekī hai, jisase vah kārya karanā

chāhatā hai. jaise — burā karanekī, hīn karanekī ityādi ichchhā hotī hai. yahān̐ bhī anya koī

pīṛā nahīn hai, parantu jab tak kārya na ho tab tak mahā vyākul hotā hai. is ichchhākā
nām kaṣhāy hai.

tathā (3) ek ichchhā pāpake udayase jo sharīramen yā bāhya aniṣhṭa kāraṇ milate hain

unako dūr karanekī hotī hai. jaise — rog, pīṛā, kṣhudhā ādikā sanyog hone par unhen dūr

karanekī ichchhā hotī hai so yahān̐ yahī pīṛā mānatā hai, jab tak vah dūr na ho tab tak
mahā vyākul rahatā hai. is ichchhākā nām pāpakā uday hai.

is prakār in tīn prakārakī ichchhā hone par sabhī duḥkh mānate hain so duḥkh hī hai.
tathā (4) ek ichchhā bāhya nimittase banatī hai; so in tīn prakārakī ichchhāoṅke

anusār pravartanekī ichchhā hotī hai. in tīn prakārakī ichchhāommen ek-ek prakārakī ichchhāke
anek prakār haĩn. vahān̐ kitane hī prakārakī ichchhā pūrṇa honeke kāraṇ puṇyodayase milate hain,
parantu unakā sādhan ekasāth nahīn ho sakatā; isaliye ekako chhoṛakar anyamen lagatā hai,
phi ra bhī use chhoṛakar anyamen lagatā hai. jaise — kisīko anek prakārakī sāmagrī milī hai.

vahān̐ vah kisīko dekhatā hai, use chhoṛakar rāg sunatā hai, phi ra use chhoṛakar kisīkā burā
karane lag jātā hai, use chhoṛakar bhojan karatā hai; athavā dekhanemen hī ekako dekhakar anyako
dekhatā hai. — isī prakār anek kāryoṅkī pravr̥uttimen ichchhā hotī hai. so is ichchhākā nām

puṇyakā uday hai.

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 71

ise jagat sukh mānatā hai, parantu yah sukh hai nahīn, duḥkh hī hai. kyoṅki — pratham

to sarva prakārakī ichchhā pūrṇa honeke kāraṇ kisīke bhī nahīn banate aur kisī prakār ichchhā
pūrṇa karaneke kāraṇ banen to yugapat unakā sādhan nahīn hotā. so ekakā sādhan jab tak
na ho tab tak usakī ākulatā rahatī hai; aur usakā sādhan hone par us hī samay anyake
sādhanakī ichchhā hotī hai tab usakī ākulatā hotī hai. ek samay bhī nirākul nahīn rahatā,
isaliye duḥkh hī hai. athavā tīn prakārakī ichchhārūpī rogako miṭānekā kiñchit upāy karatā
hai, isaliye kiñchit duḥkh kam hotā hai, sarva duḥkhakā to nāsh nahīn hotā, isaliye duḥkh
hī hai. — is prakār sansārī jīvoṅko sarva prakārase duḥkh hī hai.

tathā yahān̐ itanā jānanā ki — tīn prakārakī ichchhāse sarva jagat pīṛit hai aur chauthī

ichchhā to puṇyakā uday āne par hotī hai, tathā puṇyakā bandh dharmānurāgase hotā hai; parantu
dharmānurāgamen jīv kam lagatā hai, jīv to bahut pāp-kriyāommen hī pravartatā hai. isaliye
chauthī ichchhā kisī jīvake kisī kālamen hī hotī hai.

yahān̐ itanā jānanā ki — samān ichchhāvān jīvoṅkī apekṣhā to chauthī ichchhāvāleke kiñchit

tīn prakārakī ichchhāke ghaṭanese sukh kahate haĩn. tathā chauthī ichchhāvālekī apekṣhā mahān ichchhāvālā
chauthī ichchhā hone par bhī duḥkhī hotā hai. kisīke bahut vibhūti hai aur usake ichchhā bahut
hai to bahut ākulatāvān hai aur jisake thoṛī vibhūti hai tathā usake ichchhā bhī thoṛī hai to
vah thoṛā ākulatāvān hai. athavā kisīko aniṣhṭa sāmagrī milī hai aur use usako dūr
karanekī ichchhā thoṛī hai to vah thoṛā ākulatāvān hai. tathā kisīko iṣhṭa sāmagrī milī hai,
parantu use usako bhoganekī tathā anya sāmagrīkī ichchhā bahut hai to vah jīv bahut ākulatāvān
hai. isaliye sukhī-duḥkhī honā ichchhāke anusār jānanā, bāhya kāraṇake ādhīn nahīn hai.

nārakī duḥkhī aur dev sukhī kahe jāte hain vah bhī ichchhākī hī apekṣhā kahate hain,

kyoṅki nārakiyoṅko tīvra kaṣhāyase ichchhā bahut hai aur devoṅke mandakaṣhāyase ichchhā thoṛī hai.
tathā manuṣhya, tiryañchoṅko bhī sukhī-duḥkhī, ichchhā hī kī apekṣhā jānanā. tīvra kaṣhāyase jisake
ichchhā bahut hai use duḥkhī kahate hain, manda kaṣhāyase jisake ichchhā thoṛī hai use sukhī kahate
haĩn. paramārthase duḥkh hī bahut yā thoṛā hai, sukh nahīn hai. devādikoṅko bhī sukhī mānate
hain vah bhram hī hai. unake chauthī ichchhākī mukhyatā hai, isaliye ākulit haĩn.

is prakār jo ichchhā hotī hai vah mithyātva, agnān, asanyamase hotī hai. tathā ichchhā

hai so ākulatāmay hai aur ākulatā hai vah duḥkh hai. is prakār sarva sansārī jīv nānā
duḥkhonse pīṛit hī ho rahe haĩn.

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72 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

mokṣhasukh aur usakī prāptikā upāy

ab, jin jīvoṅko duḥkhase chhūṭanā ho ve ichchhā dūr karanekā upāy karo. tathā ichchhā

dūr tab hī hotī hai jab mithyātva, agnān, asanyamakā abhāv ho aur samyagdarshan-gnān-chāritrakī
prāpti ho, isaliye isī kāryakā udyam karanā yogya hai. aisā sādhan karane par jitanī-jitanī
ichchhā miṭe utanā-utanā duḥkh dūr hotā jātā hai aur jab mohake sarvathā abhāvase sarva ichchhākā
abhāv ho tab sarva duḥkh miṭatā hai, sachchā sukh pragaṭ hotā hai. tathā gnānāvaraṇ-darshanāvaraṇ
aur antarāyakā abhāv ho tab ichchhāke kāraṇabhūt kṣhāyopashamik gnān-darshanakā tathā
shaktihīnapanekā bhī abhāv hotā hai, ananta gnān-darshan-vīryakī prāpti hotī hai. tathā kitane
hī kāl pashchāt aghātikarmoṅkā bhī abhāv ho tab ichchhāke bāhya kāraṇoṅkā bhī abhāv hotā
hai. kyoṅki moh chale jāneke bād kisī bhī kālamen koī ichchhā utpanna karanemen samartha nahīn
the, mohake hone par kāraṇ the, isaliye kāraṇ kahe hain; unakā bhī abhāv huā tab jīv
siddhapadako prāpta hote haĩn.

vahān̐ duḥkhakā tathā duḥkhake kāraṇoṅkā sarvathā abhāv honese sadākāl anupam, akhaṇḍit,

sarvotkr̥uṣhṭa ānanda sahit anantakāl virājamān rahate haĩn. vahī batalāte hainḥ —

gnānāvaraṇ, darshanāvaraṇakā kṣhayopasham hone par tathā uday hone par moh dvārā ek-

ek viṣhayako dekhane-jānanekī ichchhāse mahā vyākul hotā thā; ab mohakā abhāv honese
ichchhākā bhī abhāv huā, isaliye duḥkhakā abhāv huā hai. tathā gnānāvaraṇ, darshanāvaraṇakā
kṣhay honese sarva indriyoṅko sarva viṣhayoṅkā yugapat grahaṇ huā, isaliye duḥkhakā kāraṇ bhī
dūr huā hai vahī dikhāte haĩn. jaise — netra dvārā ek-ek viṣhayako dekhanā chāhatā thā, ab

trikālavartī trilokake sarva varṇoṅko yugapat dekhatā hai, koī binā dekhā nahīn rahā jisake dekhane
kī ichchhā utpanna ho. isī prakār sparshanādi dvārā ek-ek viṣhayakā grahaṇ karanā chāhatā
thā. ab trikālavartī trilokake sarva sparsha, ras, gandha tathā shabdoṅkā yugapat grahaṇ karatā
hai, koī binā grahaṇ kiyā nahīn rahā jisakā grahaṇ karanekī ichchhā utpanna ho.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — sharīrādik binā grahaṇ kaise hogā?

samādhānaḥ — indriyagnān hone par to dravyendriyon ādike binā grahaṇ nahīn hotā thā.

ab aisā svabhāv pragaṭ huā ki binā indriyoṅke hī grahaṇ hotā hai.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — jaise man dvārā sparshādikako jānate hain usī prakār jānanā hotā

hogā; tvachā, jihvā ādise grahaṇ hotā hai vaise nahīn hotā hogā; so aisā nahīn hai — kyoṅki

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 73

man dvārā smaraṇādi hone par aspaṣhṭa jānanā kuchh hotā hai. yahān̐ to jis prakār tvachā,
jihvā ityādise sparsha, rasādikakā — sparsha karane par, svād lene par sūn̐ghane – dekhane – sunane par

jaisā spaṣhṭa jānanā hotā hai usase bhī anantaguṇā spaṣhṭa jānanā unake hotā hai.

visheṣh itanā huā hai ki — vahān̐ indriyaviṣhayakā sanyog hone par hī jānanā hotā

thā, yahān̐ dūr rahakar bhī vaisā hī jānanā hotā hai — yah shaktikī mahimā hai. tathā man

dvārā kuchh atīt, anāgatako tathā avyaktako jānanā chāhatā thā; ab sarva hī anādise
anantakāl paryanta sarva padārthoṅke dravya, kṣhetra, kāl, bhāvoṅko yugapat jānatā hai, koī binā
jāne nahīn rahā jisako jānanekī ichchhā utpanna ho. is prakār yah duḥkh aur duḥkhoṅke kāraṇ
unakā abhāv jānanā.

tathā mohake udayase mithyātva aur kaṣhāyabhāv hote the unakā sarvathā abhāv huā

isaliye duḥkhakā abhāv huā; tathā inake kāraṇoṅkā abhāv huā, isalie duḥkhake kāraṇoṅkā
bhī abhāv huā hai. un kāraṇoṅkā abhāv yahān̐ dikhāte hainḥ —

sarva tattva yathārtha pratibhāsit hone par atattvashraddhānarūp mithyātva kaise ho? koī aniṣhṭa

nahīn rahā, nindak svayamev aniṣhṭako prāpta hotā hī hai; svayam krodh kis par karen? siddhonse
ūn̐chā koī hai nahīn, indrādik svayamev naman karate hain aur iṣhṭako pāte hain; kisase mān karen?
sarva bhavitavya bhāsit ho gayā, kārya rahā nahīn, kisīse prayojan rahā nahīn hai; kisakā lobh
karen? koī anya iṣhṭa rahā nahīn; kis kāraṇase hāsya ho? koī anya iṣhṭa prīti karane yogya
hai nahīn; phi ra kahān̐ rati karen? koī duḥkhadāyak sanyog rahā nahīn hai; kahān̐ arati karen? koī
iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa sanyog-viyog hotā nahīn hai; kisakā shok karen? koī aniṣhṭa karanevālā kāraṇ
rahā nahīn hai; kisakā bhay karen? sarva vastuen̐ apane svabhāv sahit bhāsit hotī hain, apaneko
aniṣhṭa nahīn hain, kahān̐ jugupsā karen? kāmapīṛā dūr honese strī-puruṣh donense ramaṇ karanekā kuchh
prayojan nahīn rahā; kisaliye puruṣh, strī yā napunsakavedarūp bhāv ho? — is prakār moh utpanna

honeke kāraṇoṅkā abhāv jānanā.

tathā antarāyake udayase shakti hīnapaneke kāraṇ pūrṇa nahīn hotī thī, ab usakā abhāv

huā, isaliye duḥkhakā abhāv huā. tathā anantashakti pragaṭ huī, isaliye duḥkhake kāraṇakā
bhī abhāv huā.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — dān, lābh, bhog, upabhog to karate nahīn hain; inakī shakti

kaise pragaṭ huī?

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74 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

samādhān : — ye kārya rogake upachār the; rog hī nahīn hai, tab upachār kyon karen?

isaliye in kāryoṅkā sadbhāv to hai nahīn aur inhen rokanevāle karmoṅkā abhāv huā, isaliye
shakti pragaṭ huī kahate haĩn. jaise — koī gaman karanā chāhatā thā. use kisīne rokā thā

tab duḥkhī thā aur jab usakī rok dūr huī tab jis kāryake artha jānā chāhatā thā vah
kārya nahīn rahā, isaliye gaman bhī nahīn kiyā. vahān̐ usake gaman na karane par bhī shakti
pragaṭ huī kahī jātī hai; usī prakār yahān̐ bhī jānanā. tathā unake gnānādikī shaktirūp
anantavīrya pragaṭ pāyā jātā hai.

tathā aghāti karmommen mohase pāpaprakr̥itiyoṅkā uday hone par duḥkh mān rahā thā,

puṇyaprakr̥itiyoṅkā uday hone par sukh mān rahā thā, paramārthase ākulatāke kāraṇ sab duḥkh
hī thā. ab, mohake nāshase sarva ākulatā dūr hone par sarva duḥkhakā nāsh huā. tathā
jin kāraṇonse duḥkh mān rahā thā, ve kāraṇ to sarva naṣhṭa hue; aur kinhīn kāraṇonse kiñchit
duḥkh dūr honese sukh mān rahā thā so ab mūlahīmen duḥkh nahīn rahā, isaliye un duḥkhake
upachāroṅkā kuchh prayojan nahīn rahā ki unase kāryakī siddhi karanā chāhe. usakī siddhi svayamev
hī ho rahī hai.

isīkā visheṣh batalāte hainḥ — vedanīyamen asātāke udayase duḥkhake kāraṇ sharīramen rog

kṣhudhādik hote the; ab sharīr hī nahīn, tab kahān̐ ho? tathā sharīrakī aniṣhṭa avasthāko kāraṇ
ātāp ādi the; parantu ab sharīr binā kisako kāraṇ hon? tathā bāhya aniṣhṭa nimitta
banate the; parantu ab inake aniṣhṭa rahā hī nahī̃n. is prakār duḥkhake kāraṇoṅkā to abhāv
huā.

tathā sātāke udayase kiñchit duḥkh miṭāneke kāraṇ auṣhadhi, bhojanādik the usakā

prayojan nahīn rahā hai aur iṣhṭakārya parādhīn nahīn rahe hain; isaliye bāhyamen bhī mitrādikako
iṣhṭa mānanekā prayojan nahīn rahā, inake dvārā duḥkh miṭānā chāhatā thā aur iṣhṭa karanā chāhatā
thā; so ab to sampūrṇa duḥkh naṣhṭa huā aur sampūrṇa iṣhṭa prāpta huā.

tathā āyuke nimittase jīvan-maraṇ thā. vahān̐ maraṇase duḥkh mānatā thā; parantu avināshī

pad prāpta kar liyā, isaliye duḥkhakā kāraṇ nahīn rahā. tathā dravyaprāṇoṅko dhāraṇ kiye kitane
hī kāl tak jīne-maranese sukh mānatā thā, vahān̐ bhī narak paryāyamen duḥkhakī visheṣhatāse vahān̐
nahīn jīnā chāhatā thā; parantu ab is siddhaparyāyamen dravyaprāṇake binā hī apane chaitanyaprāṇase
sadākāl jītā hai aur vahān̐ duḥkhakā lavalesh bhī nahīn rahā.

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tīsarā adhikār ][ 75

tathā nāmakarmase ashubh gati, jāti hone par duḥkh mānatā thā, parantu ab un sabakā

abhāv huā; duḥkh kahān̐se ho? tathā shubhagati, jāti ādi hone par kiñchit duḥkh dūr honese
sukh mānatā thā; parantu ab unake binā hī sarva duḥkhakā nāsh aur sarva sukhakā prakāsh
pāyā jātā hai. isaliye unakā bhī kuchh prayojan nahīn rahā.

tathā gotrake nimittase nīch kul prāpta hone par duḥkh mānatā thā, ab usakā abhāv

honese duḥkhakā kāraṇ nahīn rahā; tathā uchcha kul prāpta hone par sukh mānatā thā, parantu ab
uchcha kulake binā hī trailokya pūjya uchcha padako prāpta hai.

is prakār siddhoṅke sarva karmoṅkā nāsh honese sarva duḥkhakā nāsh ho gayā hai.
duḥkhakā lakṣhaṇ to ākulatā hai aur ākulatā tabhī hotī hai jab ichchhā ho; parantu

ichchhākā tathā ichchhāke kāraṇoṅkā sarvathā abhāv huā, isaliye nirākul hokar sarva duḥkharahit
ananta sukhakā anubhav karatā hai; kyoṅki nirākulatā hī sukhakā lakṣhaṇ hai. sansāramen bhī
kisī prakār nirākul hokar sab hī sukh mānate hain; jahān̐ sarvathā nirākul huā vahān̐ sukh
sampūrṇa kaise nahīn mānā jāye?

is prakār samyagdarshanādi sādhanase siddhapad prāpta karane par sarva duḥkhakā abhāv hotā

hai, sarva sukh pragaṭ hotā hai.

ab yahān̐ upadesh dete hain ki — he bhavya! he bhāī!! tujhe jo sansārake duḥkh batalāe

so ve tujhapar bītate hain yā nahīn, vah vichār aur tū jo upāy karatā hai inhen jhūṭhā batalāyā
so aise hī hain yā nahīn, vah vichāra. tathā siddhapad prāpta hone par sukh hotā hai yā nahīn,
usakā bhī vichār kara. jaisā kahā hai vaisī hī pratīti tujhe ātī ho to tū sansārase chhūṭakar
siddhapad prāpta karanekā ham jo upāy kahate hain vah kar, vilamba mat kara. yah upāy karanese
terā kalyāṇ hogā.

— iti shrī mokṣhamārgaprakāshak shāstramen sansāraduḥkh tathā mokṣhasukhakā nirūpak

tr̥utīy adhikār pūrṇa huā ..3..

✾

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chauthā adhikār

mithyādarshan-gnān-chāritrakā nirūpaṇ

dohā — is bhavake sab duḥkhanike, kāraṇ mithyābhāv.

tinikī sattā nāsh kari, pragaṭai mokṣha upāv ..

ab yahān̐ sansār duḥkhoṅke bījabhūt mithyādarshan, mithyāgnān, mithyāchāritra hain unake

svarūpakā visheṣh nirūpaṇ karate haĩn. jaise vaidya hai so rogake kāraṇoṅko visheṣharūpase kahe to
rogī kupathya sevan na kare, tab rog rahit ho. usī prakār yahān̐ sansārake kāraṇoṅkā visheṣh
nirūpaṇ karate hain, jisase sansārī mithyātvādikakā sevan na kare, tab sansār rahit ho. isaliye
mithyādarshanādikakā visheṣh nirūpaṇ karate hainḥ —

mithyādarshanakā svarūp

yah jīv anādise karma-sambandha sahit hai. usako darshanamohake udayase huā jo

atattvashraddhān usakā nām mithyādarshan hai kyoṅki tadbhāv so tattva, arthāt jo shraddhān karane
yogya artha hai usakā jo bhāv – svarūp usakā nām tattva hai. tattva nahīn usakā nām atattva

hai isaliye atattva hai vah asatya hai; ataḥ isīkā nām mithyā hai. tathā ‘aise hī yah
hai’ — aisā pratītibhāv usakā nām shraddhān hai.

yahān̐ shraddhānakā hī nām darshan hai. yadyapi darshanakā shabdārtha sāmānya avalokan hai

tathāpi yahān̐ prakaraṇavash isī dhātukā artha shraddhān jānanā. — aisā hī sarvārthasiddhi nāmak

sūtrakī ṭīkāmen kahā hai. kyoṅki sāmānya avalokan sansār – mokṣhakā kāraṇ nahīn hotā; shraddhān

hī sansār – mokṣhakā kāraṇ hai, isaliye sansār – mokṣhake kāraṇamen darshanakā artha shraddhān hī jānanā.

tathā mithyārūp jo darshan arthāt shraddhān, usakā nām mithyādarshan hai. jaisā vastukā

svarūp nahīn hai vaisā mānanā, jaisā hai vaisā nahīn mānanā, aisā viparītābhinivesh arthāt viparīt
abhiprāy, usako liye hue mithyādarshan hotā hai.

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chauthā adhikār ][ 77

yahān̐ prashna hai ki — kevalagnānake binā sarva padārtha yathārtha bhāsit nahīn hote aur yathārtha

bhāsit hue binā yathārtha shraddhān nahīn hotā, to phi ra mithyādarshanakā tyāg kaise bane?

samādhānaḥ — padārthoṅkā jānanā, na jānanā, anyathā jānanā to gnānāvaraṇake anusār

hai; tathā jo pratīti hotī hai so jānane par hī hotī hai, binā jāne pratīti kaise āye —

yah to satya hai. parantu jaise (koī) puruṣh hai vah jinase prayojan nahīn hai unhen anyathā
jāne yā yathārtha jāne, tathā jaisā jānatā hai vaisā hī māne to usase usakā kuchh bhī bigāṛ-
sudhār nahīn hai, usase vah pāgal yā chatur nām nahīn pātā; tathā jinase prayojan pāyā jātā
hai unhen yadi anyathā jāne aur vaisā hī māne to bigāṛ hotā hai, isalie use pāgal
kahate hain; tathā unako yadi yathārtha jāne aur vaisā hī māne to sudhār hotā hai, isaliye
use chatur kahate haĩn. usī prakār jīv hai vah jinase prayojan nahīn hai unhen anyathā jāne
yā yathārtha jāne, tathā jaisā jāne vaisā shraddhān kare, to isakā kuchh bhī bigāṛ-sudhār nahīn
hai, usase mithyādr̥uṣhṭi yā samyagdr̥uṣhṭi nām prāpta nahīn karatā; tathā jisase prayojan pāyā jātā
hai unhen yadi anyathā jāne aur vaisā hī shraddhān kare to bigāṛ hotā hai, isaliye use
mithyādr̥uṣhṭi kahate hain; tathā yadi unhen yathārtha jāne aur vaisā hī shraddhān kare to sudhār hotā
hai, isaliye use samyadr̥uṣhṭi kahate haĩn.

yahān̐ itanā jānanā ki — aprayojanabhūt athavā prayojanabhūt padārthoṅkā na jānanā yā

yathārtha-ayathārtha jānanā ho, usamen gnānakī hīnādhikatā honā itanā jīvakā bigāṛ-sudhār hai
aur usakā nimitta to gnānāvaraṇ karma hai, parantu vahān̐ prayojanabhūt padārthoṅkā anyathā yā
yathārtha shraddhān karanese jīvakā kuchh aur bhī bigāṛ-sudhār hotā hai, isaliye usakā nimitta
darshanamoh nāmak karma hai.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki jaisā jāne vaisā shraddhān kare, isaliye gnānāvaraṇake hī anusār

shraddhān bhāsit hotā hai, yahān̐ darshanamohakā visheṣh nimitta kaise bhāsit hotā hai?

samādhānaḥ — prayojanabhūt jīvādi tattvoṅkā shraddhān karane yogya gnānāvaraṇakā kṣhayopasham

to sarva sañgnī pañchendriyoṅke huā hai, parantu dravyaliṅgī muni gyārah aṅga tak parḥate hain tathā graiveyakake
dev avadhignānādiyukta hain, unake gnānāvaraṇakā kṣhayopasham bahut hone par bhī prayojanabhūt
jīvādikakā shraddhān nahīn hotā; aur tiryañchādikako gnānāvaraṇakā kṣhayopasham thoṛā hone par bhī
prayojanabhūt jīvādikakā shraddhān hotā hai. isaliye jānā jātā hai ki gnānāvaraṇake hī anusār
shraddhān nahīn hotā; koī anya karma hai aur vah darshanamoh hai. usake udayase jīvake mithyādarshan
hotā hai tab prayojanabhūt jīvādi tattvoṅkā anyathā shraddhān karatā hai.

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78 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

prayojanabhūt-aprayojanabhūt padārtha

yahān̐ koī pūchhe ki — prayojanabhūt aur aprayojanabhūt padārtha kaun hain?

samādhānaḥ — is jīvako prayojan to ek yahī hai ki duḥkh na ho aur sukh ho.

kisī jīvake anya kuchh bhī prayojan nahīn hai. tathā duḥkhakā na honā, sukhakā honā ek
hī hai; kyoṅki duḥkhakā abhāv vahī sukh hai aur is prayojanakī siddhi jīvādikakā satya
shraddhān karanese hotī hai. kaise?

so kahate hainḥ — pratham to duḥkh dūr karanemen āpāparakā gnān avashya honā chāhiye.

yadi āpāparakā gnān nahīn ho to apaneko pahichāne binā apanā duḥkh kaise dūr kare? athavā
āpāparako ek jānakar apanā duḥkh dūr karaneke artha parakā upachār kare to apanā duḥkh
dūr kaise ho? athavā apanese par bhinna hain, parantu yah paramen ahaṅkār-mamakār kare to usase duḥkh
hī hotā hai. āpāparakā gnān hone par hī duḥkh dūr hotā hai. tathā āpāparakā gnān jīv-
ajīvakā gnān hone par hī hotā hai; kyoṅki āp svayam jīv hai, sharīrādik ajīv haĩn.

yadi lakṣhaṇādi dvārā jīv-ajīvakī pahichān ho to apanī aur parakī bhinnatā bhāsit

ho; isaliye jīv-ajīvako jānanā. athavā jīv-ajīvakā gnān hone par, jin padārthoṅke
anyathā shraddhānase duḥkh hotā thā unakā yathārtha gnān honese duḥkh dūr hotā hai; isaliye jīv-
ajīvako jānanā.

tathā duḥkhakā kāraṇ to karma-bandhan hai aur usakā kāraṇ mithyātvādik āsrav haĩn.

yadi inako na pahichāne, inako duḥkhakā mūl kāraṇ na jāne to inakā abhāv kaise kare?
aur inakā abhāv nahīn kare to karma bandhan kaise nahīn ho? isaliye duḥkh hī hotā hai.
athavā mithyātvādik bhāv hain so duḥkhamay haĩn. yadi unhen jyoṅkā tyon nahīn jāne to unakā
abhāv nahīn kare, tab duḥkhī hī rahe; isaliye āsravako jānanā.

tathā samasta duḥkhakā kāraṇ karma-bandhan hai. yadi use na jāne to usase mukta honekā

upāy nahīn kare, tab usake nimittase duḥkhī ho; isaliye bandhako jānanā.

tathā āsravakā abhāv karanā so samvar hai. usakā svarūp na jāne to usamen pravartan nahīn

kare, tab āsrav hī rahe, usase varttamān tathā āgāmī duḥkh hī hotā hai; isaliye samvarako jānanā.

tathā kathañchit kiñchit karmabandhakā abhāv karanā usakā nām nirjarā hai. yadi use

na jāne to usakī pravr̥uttikā udyamī nahīn ho, tab sarvathā bandha hī rahe, jisase duḥkh hī
hotā hai; isaliye nirjarāko jānanā.

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chauthā adhikār ][ 79

tathā sarvathā sarva karmabandhakā abhāv honā usakā nām mokṣha hai. yadi use nahīn pahichāne

to usakā upāy nahīn kare, tab sansāramen karmabandhase utpanna duḥkhoṅko hī sahe; isaliye mokṣhako
jānanā. is prakār jīvādi sāt tattva jānanā.

tathā shāstrādi dvārā kadāchit unhen jāne, parantu aise hī hain aisī pratīti na āyī

to jānanese kyā ho? isaliye unakā shraddhān karanā kāryakārī hai. aise jīvādi tattvoṅkā
satya shraddhān karane par hī duḥkh honekā abhāvarūp prayojanakī siddhi hotī hai. isaliye
jīvādik padārtha hain ve hī prayojanabhūt jānanā.

tathā inake bhed puṇya-pāpādirūp hain unakā bhī shraddhān prayojanabhūt hai, kyoṅki sāmānyase

visheṣh balavān hai. is prakār ye padārtha to prayojanabhūt hain, isaliye inakā yathārtha shraddhān
karane par to duḥkh nahīn hotā, sukh hotā hai; aur inakā yathārtha shraddhān kie binā duḥkh
hotā hai, sukh nahīn hotā.

tathā inake atirikta anya padārtha hain ve aprayojanabhūt hain, kyoṅki unakā yathārtha shraddhān

karo yā mat karo unakā shraddhān kuchh sukh-duḥkhakā kāraṇ nahīn hai.

yahān̐ prashna uṭhatā hai ki — pahale jīv-ajīv padārtha kahe unamen to sabhī padārtha ā

gaye; unake sivā anya padārtha kaun rahe jinhen aprayojanabhūt kahā hai.

samādhānaḥ — padārtha to sab jīv-ajīvamen garbhit hain, parantu un jīv-ajīvoṅke visheṣh

bahut haĩn. unamense jin visheṣhon sahit jīv-ajīvakā yathārtha shraddhān karanese sva-parakā shraddhān
ho, rāgādik dūr karanekā shraddhān ho, unase sukh utpanna ho; tathā ayathārtha shraddhān karanese
sva-parakā shraddhān nahīn ho, rāgādik dūr karanekā shraddhān nahīn ho, isaliye duḥkh utpanna ho;
un visheṣhon sahit jīv-ajīv padārthon to prayojanabhūt jānanā.

tathā jin visheṣhon sahit jīv-ajīvakā yathārtha shraddhān karane yā na karanese sva-parakā

shraddhān ho yā na ho, tathā rāgādik dūr karanekā shraddhān ho yā na ho — koī niyam nahīn

hai; un visheṣhon sahit jīv-ajīv padārtha aprayojanabhūt jānanā.

jaise — jīv aur sharīrakā chaitanya, mūrttatvādi visheṣhonse shraddhān karanā to prayojanabhūt

hai; aur manuṣhyādi paryāyoṅkā tathā ghaṭ-paṭādikā avasthā, ākārādi visheṣhonse shraddhān karanā
aprayojanabhūt hai. isī prakār anya jānanā.

is prakār kahe gaye jo prayojanabhūt jīvādik tattva unake ayathārtha shraddhānakā nām

mithyādarshan jānanā.

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80 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

mithyādarshanakī pravr̥utti

ab, sansārī jīvoṅke mithyādarshanakī pravr̥utti kaise pāyī jātī hai so kahate haĩn. yahān̐

varṇan to shraddhānakā karanā hai; parantu jānegā to shraddhān karegā, isaliye jānanekī mukhyatāse
varṇan karate haĩn.

jīv-ajīvatattva sambandhī ayathārtha shraddhān

anādikālase jīv hai vah karmake nimittase anek paryāyen dhāraṇ karatā hai. vahān̐ pūrva

paryāyako chhoṛatā hai, navīn paryāy dhāraṇ karatā hai. tathā vah paryāy ek to svayam ātmā
aur ananta pudgalaparamāṇumay sharīr unase ekapiṇḍa bandhānarūp hai. tathā jīvako us
paryāyamen — ‘yah main hūn̐’ — aisī ahambuddhi hotī hai. tathā svayam jīv hai, usakā svabhāv to

gnānādik hai aur vibhāv krodhādik hain aur pudgalaparamāṇuoṅke varṇa, gandh, ras, sparshādi svabhāv
hain — un sabako apanā svarūp mānatā hai.

‘ye mere hain’ — is prakār unamen mamatvabuddhi hotī hai. tathā svayam jīv hai, usake

gnānādikakī tathā krodhādikakī adhikatā-hīnatārūp avasthā hotī hai aur pudgalaparamāṇuoṅkī
varṇādi palaṭanerūp avasthā hotī hai un sabako apanī avasthā mānatā hai. ‘yah merī avasthā
hai’ — aisī mamatvabuddhi karatā hai.

tathā jīv aur sharīrake naimitta-naimittik sambandha hai, isaliye jo kriyā hotī hai use

apanī mānatā hai. apanā darshan-gnān svabhāv hai, usakī pravr̥uttiko nimittamātra sharīrake aṅgarūp
sparshanādi dravyaindriyān̐ hain; yah unhen ek mānakar aisā mānatā hai ki — hāth ādise mainne sparsha

kiyā, jībhase svād liyā, nāsikāse sūn̐ghā, netrase dekhā, kānonse sunā. manovargaṇārūp āṭh
paṅkhuṛiyoṅke phū le kamalake ākārakā hr̥udayasthānamen dravyaman hai, vah dr̥uṣhṭigamya nahīn aisā hai, so
sharīrakā aṅg hai; usake nimitta hone par smaraṇādirūp gnānakī pravr̥utti hotī hai. yah dravyamanako
aur gnānako ek mānakar aisā mānatā hai ki mainne manase jānā.

tathā apaneko bolanekī ichchhā hotī hai tab apane pradeshoṅko jis prakār bolanā bane

us prakār hilātā hai, tab ekakṣhetrāvagāh sambandhake kāraṇ sharīrake aṅg bhī hilate haĩn.
unake nimittase bhāṣhāvargaṇārūp pudgal vachanarūp pariṇamit hote hain; yah sabako ek mānakar
aisā mānatā hai ki main bolatā hū̃n.

tathā apaneko gamanādi kriyākī yā vastu grahaṇādikakī ichchhā hotī hai tab apane

pradeshoṅko jaise kārya bane vaise hilātā hai. vahān̐ ekakṣhetrāvagāhake kāraṇ sharīrake aṅg hilate
hain tab vah kārya banatā hai; athavā apanī ichchhāke binā sharīr hilatā hai tab apane pradesh

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chauthā adhikār ][ 81

bhī hilate hain; yah sabako ek mānakar aisā mānatā hai ki main gamanādi kārya karatā hūn̐, main
vastukā grahaṇ karatā hūn̐ athavā mainne kiyā hai — ityādirūp mānatā hai.

tathā jīvake kaṣhāyabhāv hon tab sharīrakī cheṣhṭā unake anusār ho jātī hai. jaise —

krodhādik hone par lāl netrādi ho jāte hain, hāsyādi hone par mukhādi praphu llit ho jāte
hain, puruṣhavedādi hone par liṅgakāṭhinyādi ho jāte hain, yah sab ek mānakar aisā mānatā hai
ki yah kārya sab main karatā hū̃n. tathā sharīramen shīt, uṣhṇa, kṣhudhā, tr̥uṣhā, rog ityādi avasthāen̐
hotī hain; unake nimittase mohabhāv dvārā svayam sukh-duḥkh mānatā hai; in sabako ek jānakar
shītādik tathā sukh-duḥkh apaneko hī hue mānatā hai.

tathā sharīrake paramāṇuoṅkā milanā-bichhuṛanā ādi honese athavā unakī avasthā

palaṭanese yā sharīr skandhake khaṇḍa ādi honese sthūl - kr̥ushādik, bāl - vr̥uddhādik athavā

aṅgahīnādik hote hain aur usake anusār apane pradeshoṅkā saṅkoch-vistār hotā hai; yah sabako
ek mānakar main sthūl hūn̐, main kr̥ush hūn̐, main bālak hūn̐, main vr̥uddha hūn̐, mere in aṅgoṅkā bhaṅg huā
hai — ityādirūp mānatā hai.

tathā sharīrakī apekṣhā gati, kulādik hote hain unhen apanā mānakar main manuṣhya hūn̐, main

tiryañch hūn̐, main kṣhatriy hūn̐, main vaishya hūn̐ — ityādirūp mānatā hai. tathā sharīrakā sanyog hone

aur chhūṭanekī apekṣhā janma-maraṇ hotā hai; use apanā janma-maraṇ mānakar main utpanna huā,
main marūn̐gā — aisā mānatā hai.

tathā sharīrakī hī apekṣhā anya vastuonse nātā mānatā hai. jinake dvārā sharīrakī utpatti

huī unhen apane mātā-pitā mānatā hai; jo sharīrako ramaṇ karāye use apanī ramaṇī mānatā hai;
jo sharīrase utpanna huā use apanā putra mānatā hai; jo sharīrako upakārī ho use mitra mānatā
hai; jo sharīrakā burā kare use shatru mānatā hai — ityādirūp mānyatā hotī hai.

adhik kyā kahen? jis-tis prakārase apaneko aur sharīrako ek hī mānatā hai.
indriyādikake nām to yahān̐ kahe hain, parantu ise to kuchh gamya nahīn haĩn. achet huā

paryāyamen ahambuddhi dhāraṇ karatā hai. usakā kāraṇ kyā hai? vah batalāte hainḥ —

is ātmāko anādise indriyagnān hai; usase svayam amūrtik hai vah to bhāsit nahīn

hotā, parantu sharīr mūrttik hai vahī bhāsit hotā hai aur ātmā kisīko āparūp jānakar
ahambuddhi dhāraṇ kare hī kare, so jab svayam pr̥uthak bhāsit nahīn huā tab unake samudāyarūp
paryāyamen hī ahambuddhi dhāraṇ karatā hai.

tathā apaneko aur sharīrako nimitta-naimittik sambandha bahut hain, isaliye bhinnatā bhāsit

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82 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

nahīn hotī aur jis vichār dvārā bhinnatā bhāsit hotī hai vah mithyādarshanake jorase ho nahīn
sakatā, isaliye paryāyamen hī ahambuddhi pāyī jātī hai.

tathā mithyādarshanase yah jīv kadāchit bāhya sāmagrīkā sanyog hone par use bhī apanī

mānatā hai. putra, strī, dhan, dhānya, hāthī, ghoṛe, mahal, kiṅkar ādi pratyakṣha apanese bhinna aur
sadākāl apane ādhīn nahīn aise svayaṅko bhāsit hote hain; tathāpi unamen mamakār karatā hai.

putrādikamen ‘ye hain so main hī hūn̐’ aisī bhī kadāchit bhramabuddhi hotī hai. tathā mithyādarshanase

sharīrādikakā svarūp anyathā hī bhāsit hotā hai. anityako nitya mānatā hai, bhinnako abhinna
mānatā hai, duḥkhake kāraṇako sukhakā kāraṇ mānatā hai, duḥkhako sukh mānatā hai — ityādi viparīt

bhāsit hotā hai.

is prakār jīv-ajīv tattvoṅkā ayathārtha gnān hone par ayathārtha shraddhān hotā hai.

āsravatattva sambandhī ayathārtha shraddhān

tathā is jīvako mohake udayase mithyātva-kaṣhāyādibhāv hote hain, unako apanā svabhāv

mānatā hai, karmopādhise hue nahīn jānatā. darshan-gnān upayog aur āsravabhāv unako ek
mānatā hai; kyoṅki inakā ādhārabhūt to ek ātmā hai aur inakā pariṇaman ek hī kālamen
hotā hai, isaliye ise bhinnapanā bhāsit nahīn hotā aur bhinnapanā bhāsit honekā kāraṇ jo
vichār hai so mithyādarshanake balase ho nahīn sakatā.

tathā ye mithyātva – kaṣhāyabhāv ākulatā sahit hain, isaliye varttamān duḥkhamay hain aur

karmabandhake kāraṇ hain, isaliye āgāmī kālamen duḥkh kareṅge — aisā unhen nahīn mānatā aur bhalā

jān in bhāvonrūp hokar svayam pravartatā hai. tathā vah duḥkhī to apane in mithyātva –

kaṣhāyabhāvonse hotā hai aur vr̥uthā hī auroṅko duḥkh utpanna karanevāle mānatā hai. jaise —

duḥkhī to mithyāshraddhānase hotā hai, parantu apane shraddhānake anusār jo padārtha na pravarte use
duḥkhadāyak mānatā hai. tathā duḥkhī to krodhase hotā hai, parantu jisase krodh kiyā ho usako
duḥkhadāyak mānatā hai. duḥkhī to lobhase hotā hai, parantu iṣhṭa vastukī aprāptiko duḥkhadāyak
mānatā hai. — isī prakār anyatra jānanā.

tathā in bhāvoṅkā jaisā phal ātā hai vaisā bhāsit nahīn hotā. inakī tīvratāse

narakādi hote hain tathā mandatāse svargādi hote hain, vahān̐ adhik-kam ākulatā hotī hai. aisā
bhāsit nahīn hotā hai, isaliye ve bure nahīn lagate. kāraṇ yah hai ki — ve apane kiye

bhāsit hote hain, isaliye unako bure kaise māne?

is prakār āsravatattvakā ayathārtha gnān hone par ayathārtha shraddhān hotā hai.

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