Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (simplified iso15919 transliteration). Panchava Adhyay.

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chauthā adhikār ][ 83

bandhatattva sambandhī ayathārtha shraddhān

tathā in āsravabhāvonse gnānāvaraṇādi karmoṅkā bandha hotā hai. unakā uday hone par

gnān-darshanakī hīnatā honā, mithyātva-kaṣhāyarūp pariṇaman honā, chāhā huā na honā, sukh-duḥkhakā
kāraṇ milanā, sharīrasanyog rahanā, gati-jāti-sharīrādikā utpanna honā, nīch-uchcha kulakā pānā
hotā hai. inake honemen mūlakāraṇ karma hai, use yah pahichānatā nahīn hai, kyoṅki vah sūkṣhma
hai, ise dikhāī nahīn detā; tathā vah isako in kāryoṅkā karttā dikhāī nahīn detā; isaliye
inake honemen yā to apaneko karttā mānatā hai yā kisī aurako kartā mānatā hai. tathā apanā
yā anyakā karttāpanā bhāsit na ho to mūrḥ hokar bhavitavyako mānatā hai.

is prakār bandhatattvakā ayathārtha gnān hone par ayathārtha shraddhān hotā hai.

samvaratattva sambandhī ayathārtha shraddhān

tathā āsravakā abhāv honā so samvar hai. jo āsravako yathārtha nahīn pahichāne use

samvarakā yathārtha shraddhān kaise ho? jaise — kisīke ahitarūp ācharaṇ hai; use vah ahitarūp

bhāsit na ho to usake abhāvako hitarūp kaise māne? jaise — jīvako āsravakī pravr̥utti hai;

ise vah ahitarūp bhāsit na ho to usake abhāvarūp samvarako kaise hitarūp māne?

tathā anādise is jīvako āsravabhāv hī huā hai, samvar kabhī nahīn huā, isaliye

samvarakā honā bhāsit nahīn hotā. samvar hone par sukh hotā hai vah bhāsit nahīn hotā.
samvarase āgāmī kālamen duḥkh nahīn hogā vah bhāsit nahīn hotā. isaliye āsravakā to samvar
karatā nahīn hai aur un anya padārthoṅko duḥkhadāyak mānatā hai, unhīṅke na honekā upāy
kiyā karatā hai; parantu ve apane ādhīn nahīn haĩn. vr̥uthā hī khedakhinna hotā hai.

is prakār samvaratattvakā ayathārtha gnān hone par ayathārtha shraddhān hotā hai.

nirjarātattva sambandhī ayathārtha shraddhān

tathā bandhakā ekadesh abhāv honā so nirjarā hai. jo bandhako yathārtha nahīn pahichāne

use nirjarākā yathārtha shraddhān kaise ho? jaise — bhakṣhaṇ kiye hue viṣh ādikase duḥkhakā honā

na jāne to use naṣhṭa karaneke upāyako kaise bhalā jāne? usī prakār bandharūp kiye karmonse
duḥkh honā na jāne to unakī nirjarāke upāyako kaise bhalā jāne?

tathā is jīvako indriyon dvārā sūkṣhmarūp jo karma unakā to gnān hotā nahīn hai aur

unamen duḥkhoṅke kāraṇabhūt shakti hai usakā bhī gnān nahīn hai; isaliye anya padārthoṅke hī nimittako
duḥkhadāyak jānakar unakā hī abhāv karanekā upāy karatā hai, parantu ve apane ādhīn nahīn

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84 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

haĩn. tathā kadāchit duḥkh dūr karaneke nimitta koī iṣhṭa sanyogādi kārya banatā hai to vah
bhī karmake anusār banatā hai. isaliye unakā upāy karake vr̥uthā hī khed karatā hai.

is prakār nirjarātattvakā ayathārtha gnān hone par ayathārtha shraddhān hotā hai.

mokṣhatattva sambandhī ayathārtha shraddhān

tathā sarva karmabandhake abhāvakā nām mokṣha hai. jo bandhako tathā bandhajanit sarva

duḥkhoṅko nahīn pahichāne, usako mokṣhakā yathārtha shraddhān kaise ho? jaise — kisīko rog hai;

vah us rogako tathā rogajanit duḥkhako na jāne to sarvathā rogake abhāvako kaise bhalā māne?
usī prakār isake karmabandhan hai; yah us bandhanako tathā bandhajanit duḥkhako na jāne to
sarvathā bandhake abhāvako kaise bhalā jāne?

tathā is jīvako karmoṅkā aur unakī shaktikā to gnān hai nahīn; isaliye bāhya

padārthoṅko duḥkhakā kāraṇ jānakar unakā sarvathā abhāv karanekā upāy karatā hai. tathā yah
to jānatā hai ki — sarvathā duḥkh dūr honekā kāraṇ iṣhṭa sāmagriyoṅko juṭākar sarvathā sukhī

honā hai, parantu aisā kadāpi nahīn ho sakatā. yah vr̥uthā hī khed karatā hai.

is prakār mithyādarshanase mokṣhatattvakā ayathārtha gnān honese ayathārtha shraddhān hai.
is prakār yah jīv mithyādarshanake kāraṇ jīvādi sāt tattvoṅkā jo ki prayojanabhūt

hain, unakā ayathārtha shraddhān karatā hai.

puṇya-pāp sambandhī ayathārtha shraddhān

tathā puṇya-pāp hain so inhīṅke visheṣh hain aur in puṇya-pāpakī ek jāti hai; tathāpi

mithyādarshanase puṇyako bhalā jānatā hai, pāpako burā jānatā hai. puṇyase apanī ichchhānusār
kiñchit kārya bane, usako bhalā jānatā hai aur pāpase ichchhānusār kārya nahīn bane, usako
burā jānatā hai; parantu donon hī ākulatāke kāraṇ hain isaliye bure hī haĩn.

tathā yah apanī mānyatāse vahān̐ sukh-duḥkh mānatā hai. paramārthase jahān̐ ākulatā hain

vahān̐ duḥkh hī hai; isaliye puṇya-pāpake udayako bhalā-burā jānanā bhram hī hai.

tathā kitane hī jīv kadāchit puṇya-pāpake kāraṇ jo shubh-ashubhabhāv unhen bhalā-

burā jānate hain vah bhī bhram hī hai; kyoṅki donon hī karmabandhanake kāraṇ haĩn.

is prakār puṇya-pāpakā ayathārtha gnān hone par ayathārtha shraddhān hotā hai.
is prakār atattvashraddhānarūp mithyādarshanakā svarūp kahā. yah asatyarūp hai, isaliye

isīkā nām mithyātva hai aur yah satyashraddhānase rahit hai, isaliye isīkā nām adarshan hai.

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chauthā adhikār ][ 85

mithyāgnānakā svarūp

ab, mithyāgnānakā svarūp kahate hainḥ — prayojanabhūt jīvādi tattvoṅko ayathārtha jānanekā

nām mithyāgnān hai. usake dvārā unako jānanemen sanshay, viparyay, anadhyavasāy hotā hai.
vahān̐ ‘aise hai ki aise hai?’ — is prakār paraspar viruddhatā sahit dorūp gnān usakā nām

sanshay hai. jaise — ‘main ātmā hūn̐ ki sharīr hūn̐?’ — aisā jānanā. tathā ‘aisā hī hai’ is

prakār vastusvarūpase viruddhatā sahit ekarūp gnān usakā nām viparyay hai. jaise — ‘main sharīr

hūn̐’ — aisā jānanā. tathā ‘kuchh hai’ aisā nirdhārarahit vichār usakā nām anadhyavasāy hai.

jaise — ‘main koī hūn̐’ — aisā jānanā. is prakār prayojanabhūt jīvādi tattvommen sanshay, viparyay,

anadhyavasāyarūp jo jānanā ho usakā nām mithyāgnān hai.

tathā aprayojanabhūt padārthoṅko yathārtha jāne yā ayathārtha jāne usakī apekṣhā mithyāgnān –

samyaggnān nām nahīn hai. jis prakār mithyādr̥uṣhṭi rassīko rassī jāne to samyaggnān nām nahīn
hotā aur samyagdr̥uṣhṭi rassīko sām̐p jāne to mithyāgnān nām nahīn hotā.

yahān̐ prashna hai ki — pratyakṣha sachche-jhūṭhe gnānako samyaggnān – mithyāgnān kaise na kahen?

samādhānaḥ — jahān̐ jānanekā hī — sach-jhūṭhakā nirdhār karanekā — prayojan ho vahān̐ to

koī padārtha hai usake sach-jhūṭh jānanekī apekṣhā hī samyaggnān – mithyāgnān nām diyā jātā hai.

jaise — pratyakṣha-parokṣha pramāṇake varṇanamen koī padārtha hotā hai; usake sachche jānanerūp samyaggnānakā

grahaṇ kiyā hai aur sanshayādirūp jānaneko apramāṇarūp mithyāgnān kahā hai. tathā yahān̐ sansār –

mokṣhake kāraṇabhūt sach-jhūṭh jānanekā nirdhār karanā hai, vahān̐ rassī, sarpādikakā yathārtha yā anyathā
gnān sansār – mokṣhakā kāraṇ nahīn hai, isaliye unakī apekṣhā yahān̐ samyaggnān – mithyāgnān nahīn kahe

haĩn. yahān̐ to prayojanabhūt jīvādik tattvoṅke hī jānanekī apekṣhā samyaggnān – mithyāgnān kahe haĩn.

isī abhiprāyase siddhāntamen mithyādr̥uṣhṭike to sarva jānaneko mithyāgnān hī kahā aur

samyagdr̥uṣhṭike sarva jānaneko samyaggnān kahā.

yahān̐ prashna hai ki — mithyādr̥uṣhṭiko jīvādi tattvoṅkā ayathārtha jānanā hai, use mithyāgnān

kaho; parantu rassī, sarpādikake yathārtha jānaneko to samyaggnān kaho.

samādhān : — mithyādr̥uṣhṭi jānatā hai, vahān̐ usako sattā-asattākā visheṣh nahīn hai; isaliye

kāraṇaviparyay va svarūpaviparyay va bhedābhedaviparyayako utpanna karatā hai. vahān̐ jise jānatā
hai usake mūlakāraṇako nahīn pahichānatā, anyathā kāraṇ mānatā hai; vah to kāraṇaviparyay hai.
tathā jise jānatā hai usake mūlavastutvarūp svarūpako nahīn pahichānatā, anyathāsvarūp mānatā

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86 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

hai; vah svarūpaviparyay hai. tathā jise jānatā hai use yah inase bhinna hai, inase abhinna hai —

aisā nahīn pahichānatā, anyathā bhinna-abhinnapanā mānatā hai; so bhedābhedaviparyay hai. is prakār
mithyādr̥uṣhṭike jānanemen viparītatā pāyī jātī hai.

jaise matavālā mātāko patnī mānatā hai, patnīko mātā mānatā hai; usī prakār mithyādr̥uṣhṭike

anyathā jānanā hotā hai. tathā jaise kisī kālamen matavālā mātāko mātā aur patnīko patnī
bhī jāne to bhī usake nishchayarūp nirdhārase shraddhānasahit jānanā nahīn hotā, isaliye usako
yathārtha gnān nahīn kahā jātā; usī prakār mithyādr̥uṣhṭi kisī kālamen kisī padārthako satya bhī
jāne, to bhī usake nishchayarūp nirdhārase shraddhānasahit jānanā nahīn hotā; athavā satya bhī
jāne, parantu unase apanā prayojan ayathārtha hī sādhatā hai; isaliye usake samyaggnān nahīn
kahā jātā.

is prakār mithyādr̥uṣhṭike gnānako mithyāgnān kahate haĩn.
yahān̐ prashna hai ki — is mithyāgnānakā kāraṇ kaun hai?

samādhānaḥ — mohake udayase jo mithyātvabhāv hotā hai, samyaktva nahīn hotā; vah is

mithyāgnānakā kāraṇ hai. jaise — viṣhake sanyogase bhojanako bhī viṣharūp kahate hain, vaise

mithyātvake sambandhamen gnān hai so mithyāgnān nām pātā hai.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — gnānāvaraṇako nimitta kyon nahīn kahate?

samādhānaḥ — gnānāvaraṇake udayase to gnānake abhāvarūp agnānabhāv hotā hai tathā usake

kṣhayopashamase kiñchit gnānarūp mati-ādi gnān hote haĩn. yadi inamense kisīko mithyāgnān,
kisīko samyaggnān kahen to yah donon hī bhāv mithyādr̥uṣhṭi tathā samyagdr̥uṣhṭike pāye jāte hain,
isaliye un donoṅke mithyāgnān tathā samyaggnānakā sadbhāv ho jāyegā aur vah siddhāntase
viruddha hotā hai, isaliye gnānāvaraṇakā nimitta nahīn banatā.

yahān̐ phi ra pūchhate hain ki — rassī, sarpādikake ayathārtha-yathārtha gnānakā kāraṇ kaun hai?

usako hī jīvādi tattvoṅke ayathārtha-yathārtha gnānakā kāraṇ kaho?

uttaraḥ — jānanemen jitanā ayathārthapanā hotā hai utanā to gnānāvaraṇake udayase hotā hai;

aur jo yathārthapanā hotā hai utanā gnānāvaraṇake kṣhayopashamase hotā hai. jaise ki — rassīko sarpa

jānā vahān̐ yathārtha jānanekī shaktikā bādhakakāraṇakā uday hai isaliye ayathārtha jānatā hai; tathā
rassīko jānā vahān̐ yathārtha jānanekī shaktikā kāraṇ kṣhayopasham hai isaliye yathārtha jānatā hai.
usī prakār jīvādi tattvoṅko yathārtha jānanekī shakti hone yā na honemen to gnānāvaraṇakā hī
nimitta hai; parantu jaise kisī puruṣhako kṣhayopashamase duḥkhake tathā sukhake kāraṇabhūt padārthoṅko yathārtha

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chauthā adhikār ][ 87

jānanekī shakti ho; vahān̐ jisako asātāvedanīyakā uday ho vah duḥkhake kāraṇabhūt jo hon
unhīṅkā vedan karatā hai, sukhake kāraṇabhūt padārthoṅkā vedan nahīn karatā. yadi sukhake kāraṇabhūt
padārthoṅkā vedan kare to sukhī ho jāye, asātākā uday honese ho nahīn sakatā. isaliye yahān̐
duḥkhake kāraṇabhūt aur sukhake kāraṇabhūt padārthoṅke vedanamen gnānāvaraṇakā nimitta nahīn hai, asātā-
sātākā uday hī kāraṇabhūt hai. usī prakār jīvamen prayojanabhūt jīvādik tattva tathā
aprayojanabhūt anyako yathārtha jānanekī shakti hotī hai. vahān̐ jisake mithyātvakā uday hotā
hai vah to aprayojanabhūt hon unhīṅkā vedan karatā hai, jānatā hai; prayojanabhūtako nahīn jānatā.
yadi prayojanabhūtako jāne to samyagdarshan ho jāye, parantu vah mithyātvakā uday hone par ho
nahīn sakatā; isaliye yahān̐ prayojanabhūt aur aprayojanabhūt padārthoṅko jānanemen gnānāvaraṇakā nimitta
nahīn hai; mithyātvakā uday-anuday hī kāraṇabhūt hai.

yahān̐ aisā jānanā ki — jahān̐ ekendriyādikamen jīvādi tattvoṅko yathārtha jānanekī shakti

hī na ho, vahān̐ to gnānāvaraṇakā uday aur mithyātvake udayase huā mithyādarshan in donoṅkā
nimitta hai. tathā jahān̐ sañgnī manuṣhyādikamen kṣhayopashamādi labdhi honese shakti ho aur na jāne,
vahān̐ mithyātvake udayakā hī nimitta jānanā.

isaliye mithyāgnānakā mukhya kāraṇ gnānāvaraṇako nahīn kahā, mohake udayase huā bhāv

vahī kāraṇ kahā hai.

yahān̐ phi ra prashna hai ki — gnān hone par shraddhān hotā hai, isaliye pahale mithyāgnān

kaho bādamen mithyādarshan kaho?

samādhānaḥ — hai to aisā hī; jāne binā shraddhān kaise ho? parantu mithyā aur samyak —

aisī sañgnā gnānako mithyādarshan aur samyagdarshanake nimittase hotī hai. jaise — mithyādr̥uṣhṭi aur

samyagdr̥uṣhṭi suvarṇādi padārthoṅko jānate to samān hain; (parantu) vahī jānanā mithyādr̥uṣhṭike mithyāgnān
nām pātā hai aur samyagdr̥uṣhṭike samyaggnān nām pātā hai. isī prakār sarva mithyāgnān aur
samyaggnānako mithyādarshan aur samyagdarshan kāraṇ jānanā.

isaliye jahān̐ sāmānyatayā gnān-shraddhānakā nirūpaṇ ho vahān̐ to gnān kāraṇabhūt hai,

use pratham kahanā aur shraddhān kāryabhūt hai, use bādamen kahanā. tathā jahān̐ mithyā – samyak

gnān-shraddhānakā nirūpaṇ ho vahān̐ shraddhān kāraṇabhūt hai, use pahale kahanā aur gnān kāryabhūt
hai use bādamen kahanā.

phi ra prashna hai ki — gnān — shraddhān to yugapat hote hain, unamen kāraṇ-kāryapanā kaise

kahate ho?

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samādhān : — vah ho to vah ho — is apekṣhā kāraṇakāryapanā hotā hai. jaise — dīpak

aur prakāsh yugapat hote hain; tathāpi dīpak ho to prakāsh ho, isaliye dīpak kāraṇ hai
prakāsh kārya hai. usī prakār gnān — shraddhānake hai. athavā mithyādarshan-mithyāgnān ke va

samyagdarshan-samyaggnānake kāraṇ-kāryapanā jānanā.

phi ra prashna hai ki — mithyādarshanake sanyogase hī mithyāgnān nām pātā hai, to ek

mithyādarshanako hī sansārakā kāraṇ kahanā thā, mithyāgnānako alag kisaliye kahā?

samādhān : — gnānakī hī apekṣhā to mithyādr̥uṣhṭi aur samyagdr̥uṣhṭike kṣhayopashamase hue yathārtha

gnānamen kuchh visheṣh nahīn hai tathā vah gnān kevalagnānamen bhī jā milatā hai, jaise nadī samudramen
milatī hai. isaliye gnānamen kuchh doṣh nahīn hai. parantu kṣhayopasham gnān jahān̐ lagatā hai vahān̐
ek gneyamen lagatā hai; aur is mithyādarshanake nimittase vah gnān anya gneyomen to lagatā hai,
parantu prayojanabhūt jīvādi tattvoṅkā yathārtha nirṇay karanemen nahīn lagatā. so yah gnānamen doṣh
huā; ise mithyāgnān kahā. tathā jīvādi tattvoṅkā yathārtha shraddhān nahīn hotā so yah shraddhānamen
doṣh huā; ise mithyādarshan kahā. aise lakṣhaṇabhedase mithyādarshan, mithyāgnānako bhinna kahā.

is prakār mithyāgnānakā svarūp kahā. isīko tattvagnānake abhāvase agnān kahate

hain aur apanā prayojan nahīn sādhatā, isaliye isīko kugnān kahate haĩn.

mithyāchāritrakā svarūp

ab mithyāchāritrakā svarūp kahate hainḥ — chāritramohake udayase jo kaṣhāyabhāv hotā hai

usakā nām mithyāchāritra hai. yahān̐ apane svabhāvarūp pravr̥utti nahīn hai, jhūṭhī par-svabhāvarūp
pravr̥utti karanā chāhatā hai so banatī nahīn hai; isaliye isakā nām mithyāchāritra hai.

vahī batalāte hainḥ — apanā svabhāv to dr̥uṣhṭā-gnātā hai; so svayam keval dekhanevālā-

jānanevālā to rahatā nahīn hai, jin padārthoṅko dekhatā-jānatā hai unamen iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭapanā mānatā
hai, isaliye rāgī-dveṣhī hokar kisīkā sadbhāv chāhatā hai, kisīkā abhāv chāhatā hai, parantu
unakā sadbhāv yā abhāv isakā kiyā huā hotā nahīn, kyoṅki koī dravya kisī dravyakā
karttā-harttā hai nahīn, sarva dravya apane-apane svabhāvarūp pariṇamit hote hain; yah vr̥uthā hī
kaṣhāyabhāvase ākulit hotā hai.

tathā kadāchit jaisā yah chāhe vaisā hī padārtha pariṇamit ho to vah apane pariṇamānese

to pariṇamit huā nahīn hai. jaise gāṛī chalatī hai; aur bālak use dhakkā dekar aisā māne

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chauthā adhikār ][ 89

ki main ise chalā rahā hūn̐ to vah asatya mānatā hai; yadi usake chalānese chalatī ho to jab
vah nahīn chalatī tab kyon nahīn chalātā? usī prakār padārtha pariṇamit hote hain aur yah jīv
unakā anusaraṇ karake aisā mānatā hai ki inako main aisā pariṇamit kar rahā hūn̐, parantu vah
asatya mānatā hai; yadi usake pariṇamānese pariṇamit hote hain to ve vaise pariṇamit nahīn hote
tab kyon nahīn pariṇamātā? so jaisā svayam chāhatā hai vaisā padārthakā pariṇaman kadāchit aise
hī ban jāy tab hotā hai. bahut pariṇaman to jinhen svayam nahīn chāhatā vaise hī hote dekhe
jāte hain, isalie yah nishchay hai ki apane karanese kisīkā sadbhāv yā abhāv hotā nahī̃n.

tathā yadi apane karanese sadbhāv-abhāv hote hī nahīn to kaṣhāyabhāv karanese kyā ho?

keval svayam hī duḥkhī hotā hai. jaise — kisī vivāhādi kāryomen jisakā kuchh bhī kahā nahīn

hotā, vah yadi svayam karttā hokar kaṣhāy kare to svayam hī duḥkhī hotā hai — usī prakār jānanā.

isaliye kaṣhāyabhāv karanā aisā hai jaise jalakā bilonā kuchh kāryakārī nahīn hai.

isaliye in kaṣhāyoṅkī pravr̥uttiko mithyāchāritra kahate haĩn.

iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭakī mithyā kalpanā

tathā kaṣhāyabhāv hote hain so padārthoṅko iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa mānane par hote hain, so iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa

mānanā bhī mithyā hai; kyoṅki koī padārtha iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa hai nahī̃n.

kaise? so kahate hainḥ — jo apaneko sukhadāyak – upakārī ho use iṣhṭa kahate hain; apaneko

duḥkhadāyak – anupakārī ho use aniṣhṭa kahate haĩn. lokamen sarva padārtha apane-apane svabhāvake hī

karttā hain, koī kisīko sukh-duḥkhadāyak, upakārī-anupakārī hai nahī̃n. yah jīv hī apane
pariṇāmommen unhen sukhadāyak – upakārī mānakar iṣhṭa jānatā hai athavā duḥkhadāyak – anupakārī

jānakar aniṣhṭa mānatā hai; kyoṅki ek hī padārtha kisīko iṣhṭa lagatā hai, kisīko aniṣhṭa lagatā
hai. jaise – jise vastra na milatā ho use moṭā vastra iṣhṭa lagatā hai aur jise patalā vastra milatā

hai use vah aniṣhṭa lagatā hai. sūkarādiko viṣhṭā iṣhṭa lagatī hai, devādiko aniṣhṭa lagatī hai.
kisīko meghavarṣhā iṣhṭa lagatī hai, kisīko aniṣhṭa lagatī hai. — isī prakār anya jānanā.

tathā isī prakār ek jīvako bhī ek hī padārtha kisī kālamen iṣhṭa lagatā hai, kisī

kālamen aniṣhṭa lagatā hai. tathā yah jīv jise mukhyarūpase iṣhṭa mānatā hai, vah bhī aniṣhṭa
hotā dekhā jātā hai — ityādi jānanā. jaise — sharīr iṣhṭa hai, parantu rogādi sahit ho tab

aniṣhṭa ho jātā hai; putrādik iṣhṭa hain, parantu kāraṇ milane par aniṣhṭa hote dekhe jāte hain —

ityādi jānanā. tathā yah jīv jise mukhyarūpase aniṣhṭa mānatā hai, vah bhī iṣhṭa hotā dekhate
haĩn. jaise — gālī aniṣhṭa lagatī hai, parantu sasurālamen iṣhṭa lagatī hai. ityādi jānanā.

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90 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

is prakār padārthamen iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭapanā hai nahī̃n. yadi padārthamen iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭapanā hotā to jo

padārtha iṣhṭa hotā vah sabhīko iṣhṭa hī hotā aur aniṣhṭa hotā vah aniṣhṭa hī hotā; parantu
aisā hai nahī̃n. yah jīv kalpanā dvārā unhen iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa mānatā hai so yah kalpanā jhūṭhī hai.

tathā padārtha sukhadāyak – upakārī yā duḥkhadāyak – anupakārī hotā hai so apane āp

nahīn hotā, parantu puṇya-pāpake udayānusār hotā hai. jisake puṇyakā uday hotā hai, usako
padārthoṅkā sanyog sukhadāyak – upakārī hotā hai aur jisake pāpakā uday hotā hai use padārthoṅkā

sanyog duḥkhadāyak – anupakārī hotā hai. — aisā pratyakṣha dekhate haĩn. kisīko strī-putrādik

sukhadāyak hain, kisīko duḥkhadāyak hain; kisīko vyāpār karanese lābh hai, kisīko nukasān
hai; kisīke shatru bhī dās hojāte hain, kisīke putra bhī ahitakārī hotā hai. isaliye jānā
jātā hai ki padārtha apane āp iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa nahīn hote, parantu karmodayake anusār pravartate haĩn.
jaise kisīke naukar apane svāmīke kahe anusār kisī puruṣhako iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa utpanna karen to
vah kuchh naukaroṅkā karttavya nahīn hai, unake svāmīkā karttavya hai. koī naukaroṅko hī iṣhṭa-
aniṣhṭa māne to jhūṭh hai. usī prakār karmake udayase prāpta hue padārtha karmake anusār jīvako
iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa utpanna karen to vah koī padārthoṅkā karttavya nahīn hai, karmakā karttavya hai. yadi
padārthoṅko hī iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa māne to jhūṭh hai.

isaliye yah bāt siddha huī ki padārthoṅko iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa mānakar unamen rāg-dveṣh karanā

mithyā hai.

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — bāhya vastuoṅkā sanyog karmanimittase banatā hai, tab karmomen to

rāg-dveṣh karanā?

samādhānaḥ — karma to jaṛ hain, unake kuchh sukh-duḥkh denekī ichchhā nahīn hai. tathā ve

svayamev to karmarūp pariṇamit hote nahīn hain, isake bhāvoṅke nimittase karmarūp hote haĩn. jaise —

koī apane hāthase patthar lekar apanā sir phoṛ le to pattharakā kyā doṣh hai? usī prakār
jīv apane rāgādik bhāvonse pudgalako karmarūp pariṇamit karake apanā burā kare to karmakā
kyā doṣh hai? isaliye karmase bhī rāg-dveṣh karanā mithyā hai.

is prakār paradravyoṅko iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa mānakar rāg-dveṣh karanā mithyā hai. yadi paradravya

iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa hote aur vahān̐ rāg-dveṣh karatā to mithyā nām na pātā; ve to iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa hain
nahīn aur yah iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa mānakar rāg-dveṣh karatā hai, isaliye is pariṇamanako mithyā kahā
hai. mithyārūp jo pariṇaman, usakā nām mithyāchāritra hai.

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chauthā adhikār ][ 91

rāg-dveṣhakā vidhān va vistār

ab, is jīvake rāg-dveṣh hote hain, unakā vidhān aur vistār batalāte hain : —

pratham to is jīvako paryāyamen ahambuddhi hai so apaneko aur sharīrako ek jānakar

prarvatatā hai. tathā is sharīramen apaneko suhāye aisī iṣhṭa avasthā hotī hai usamen rāg karatā
hai; apaneko na suhāye aisī aniṣhṭa avasthā hotī hai usamen dveṣh karatā hai. tathā sharīrakī
iṣhṭa avasthāke kāraṇabhūt bāhya padārthommen to rāg karatā hai aur usake ghātakommen dveṣh karatā
hai. tathā sharīrakī aniṣhṭa avasthāke kāraṇabhūt bāhya padārthommen to dveṣh karatā hai aur unake
ghātakommen rāg karatā hai. tathā inamen jin bāhya padārthon se rāg karatā hai unake kāraṇabhūt
anya padārthommen rāg karatā hai aur unake ghātakommen dveṣh karatā hai. tathā jin bāhya padārthonse
dveṣh karatā hai unake kāraṇabhūt anya padārthommen dveṣh karatā hai aur unake ghātakommen rāg karatā
hai. tathā inamen bhī jinase rāg karatā hai unake kāraṇ va ghātak anya padārthommen rāg-dveṣh
karatā hai. tathā jinase dveṣh hai unake kāraṇ va ghātak anya padārthommen dveṣh va rāg karatā
hai. isī prakār rāg-dveṣhakī paramparā pravartatī hai.

tathā kitane hī bāhya padārtha sharīrakī avasthāko kāraṇ nahī hain unamen bhī rāg-dveṣh

karatā hai. jaise — gāy ādiko bachchonse kuchh sharīrakā iṣhṭa nahīn hotā tathāpi vahān̐ rāg karate

hain aur kutte ādiko billī ādise kuchh sharīrakā aniṣhṭa nahīn hotā tathāpi vahān̐ dveṣh karate
haĩn. tathā kitane hī varṇa, gandh, shabdādike avalokanādikase sharīrako iṣhṭa nahīn hotā tathāpi
unamen rāg karatā hai. kitane hī varṇādikake avalokanādikase sharīrako aniṣhṭa nahīn hotā
tathāpi unamen dvoṣh karatā hai. — is prakār bhinna bāhya padārthommen rāg-dveṣh hotā hai.

tathā inamen bhī jinase rāg karatā hai unake kāraṇ aur ghātak anya padārthommen rāg

va dveṣh karatā hai. aur jinase dveṣh karatā hai unake kāraṇ aur ghātak anya padārthommen
dveṣh va rāg karatā hai. isī prakār yahān̐ bhī rāg-dveṣhakī paramparā pravartatī hai.

yahān̐ prashna hai ki — anya padārthommen to rāg-dveṣh karanekā prayojan jānā, parantu pratham

hī mūlabhūt sharīrakī avasthāmen tathā jo sharīrakī avasthāko kāraṇ nahīn hain, un padārthommen
iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa mānanekā prayojan kyā hai?

samādhān : — jo pratham mūlabhūt sharīrakī avasthā ādik hain, unamen bhī prayojan

vichārakar rāg-dveṣh kare to mithyāchāritra nām kyon pāye? unamen binā hī prayojan rāg-dveṣh
karatā hai aur unhīṅke artha anyase rāg-dveṣh karatā hai, isaliye sarva rāg-dveṣh pariṇatikā
nām mithyāchāritra kahā hai.

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92 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

yahān̐ prashna hai ki — sharīrakī avasthā evan bāhya padārthommen iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa mānanekā prayojan

to bhāsit nahīn hotā aur iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa māne binā rahā bhī nahīn jātā; so kāraṇ kyā?

samādhānaḥ — is jīvake chāritramohake udayase rāg-dveṣhabhāv hote hain aur ve bhāv kisī

padārthake āshray binā ho nahīn sakate. jaise — rāg ho to kisī padārthamen hotā hai, dveṣh ho

to kisī padārthamen hotā hai. — is prakār un padārthoṅke aur rāg-dveṣhake nimitta-naimittik

sambandha hai. vahān̐ visheṣh itanā hai ki — kitane hī padārtha to mukhyarūpase rāgake kāraṇ hain

aur kitane hī padārtha mukhyarūpase dveṣhake kāraṇ haĩn. kitane hī padārtha kisīko kisī kālamen
rāgake kāraṇ hote hain tathā kisīko kisī kālamen dveṣhake kāraṇ hote haĩn.

yahān̐ itanā jānanā — ek kārya honemen anek kāraṇ chāhiye so rāgādik honemen

antaraṅg kāraṇ mohakā uday hai vah to balavān hai aur bāhya kāraṇ padārtha hai vah balavān
nahīn hai. mahā muniyoṅko moh manda honese bāhya padārthoṅkā nimitta hone par bhī rāg-dveṣh utpanna
nahīn hote. pāpī jīvoṅko moh tīvra honese bāhya kāraṇ na hone par bhī unake saṅkalpahīse
rāg-dveṣh hote haĩn. isaliye mohakā uday honese rāgādik hote haĩn. vahān̐ jis bāhya padārthake
āshrayase rāgabhāv honā ho, usamen binā hī prayojan athavā kuchh prayojanasahit iṣhṭabuddhi hotī
hai. tathā jis padārthake āshrayase dveṣhabhāv honā ho usamen binā hī prayojan athavā kuchh
prayojanasahit aniṣhṭabuddhi hotī hai. isaliye mohake udayase padārthoṅko iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭa māne binā
rahā nahīn jātā.

is prakār padārthommen iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭabuddhi hone par jo rāg-dveṣharūp pariṇaman hotā hai, usakā

nām mithyāchāritra jānanā.

tathā in rāg-dveṣhonhīke visheṣh krodh, mān, māyā, lobh, hāsya, rati, arati, shok,

bhay, jugupsā, strīved, puruṣhaved, napunsakavedarūp kaṣhāyabhāv hain; ve sab is mithyāchāritrahīke
bhed jānanā. inakā varṇan pahale kiyā hī hai1.

tathā is mithyāchāritramen svarūpācharaṇachāritrakā abhāv hai, isaliye isakā nām achāritra

bhī kahā jātā hai. tathā yahān̐ ve pariṇām miṭate nahīn hain athavā virakta nahīn hain, isaliye
isīkā nām asanyam kahā jātā hai yā avirati kahā jātā hai. kyoṅki pān̐ch indriyān̐ aur
manake viṣhayommen tathā pañchasthāvar aur trasakī hinsāmen svachchhandapanā ho tathā unake tyāgarūp bhāv
nahīn ho, vahī bārah prakārakā asanyam yā avirati hai. kaṣhāyabhāv hone par aise kārya hote
hain, isaliye mithyāchāritrakā nām asanyam yā avirati jānanā. tathā isīkā nām avrat

1. pr̥uṣhṭha 38, 52

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chauthā adhikār ][ 93

jānanā — kyoṅki hinsā, anr̥ut, astey, abrahma, parigrah — in pāpakāryommen pravr̥uttikā nām avrat

hai. inakā mūlakāraṇ pramattayog kahā hai. pramattayog hai vah kaṣhāyamay hai, isaliye
mithyāchāritrakā nām avrat bhī kahā jātā hai.

aise mithyāchāritrakā svarūp kahā.

❉

isaprakār is sansārī jīvake mithyādarshan, mithyāgnān, mithyāchāritrarūp pariṇaman anādise

pāyā jātā hai. aisā pariṇaman ekendriyādi asañgnī paryanta to sarva jīvoṅke pāyā jātā hai. tathā
sañgnī pañchendriyommen samyagdr̥uṣhṭiko chhoṛakar anya sarva jīvoṅke aisā hī pariṇaman pāyā jātā hai.
pariṇamanamen jaisā jahān̐ sambhav ho vaisā vahān̐ jānanā. jaise — ekendriyādikoṅko indriyādikakī hīnatā-

adhikatā pāī jātī hai aur dhan-putrādikakā sambandha manuṣhyādikako hī pāyā jātā hai. inhīṅke
nimittase mithyādarshanādikakā varṇan kiyā hai. usamen jaisā visheṣh sambhav ho vaisā jānanā.

tathā ekandriyādik jīv indriy, sharīrādikakā nām nahīn jānate; parantu us nāmake

artharūp jo bhāv hai usamen pūrvokta prakārase pariṇaman pāyā jātā hai. jaise — main sparshanase

sparsha karatā hū̃n. sharīr merā hai aisā nām nahīn jānatā, tathāpi usake artharūp jo bhāv
hai usarūp pariṇamit hotā hai. tathā manuṣhyādik kitane hī nām bhī jānate hain aur unake
bhāvarūp pariṇaman karate hain — ityādi visheṣh sambhav hain unhen jān lenā.

mohakī mahimā

aise ye mithyādarshanādik bhāv jīvake anādise pāye jāte hain, navīn grahaṇ nahīn kiye

haĩn. dekho isakī mahimā, ki jo paryāy dhāraṇ karatā hai vahān̐ binā hī sikhāye mohake udayase
svayamev aisā hī pariṇaman hotā hai. tathā manuṣhyādikako satyavichār honeke kāraṇ milane
par bhī samyakpariṇaman nahīn hotā; aur shrīguruke upadeshakā nimitta bane, ve bārambār samajhāyen,
parantu yah kuchh vichār nahīn karatā. tathā svayaṅko bhī pratyakṣha bhāsit ho vah to nahīn mānatā
aur anyathā hī mānatā hai. kis prakār? so kahate hainḥ —

maraṇ hone par sharīr-ātmā pratyakṣha bhinna hote haĩn. ek sharīrako chhoṛakar ātmā anya

sharīr dhāraṇ karatā hai; vahān̐ vyantarādik apane pūrvabhavakā sambandha pragaṭ karate dekhe jāte hain;
parantu isako sharīrase bhinnabuddhi nahīn ho sakatī. strī-putrādik apane svārthake sage pratyakṣha
dekhe jāte hain; unakā prayojan siddha na ho tabhī viparīt hote dikhāī dete hain; yah unamen
mamatva karatā hai aur unake artha narakādikamen gamanake kāraṇabhūt nānāprakārake pāp utpanna karatā

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hai. dhanādik sāmagrī kisīkī kisīke hotī dekhī jātī hai, yah unhen apanī mānatā hai.
tathā sharīrakī avasthā aur bāhya sāmagrī svayamev utpanna hotī tathā vinaṣhṭa hotī dikhāī detī
hai, yah vr̥uthā svayam karttā hotā hai. vahān̐ jo kārya apane manorathake anusār hotā hai use
to kahatā hai — ‘mainne kiyā’; aur anyathā ho to kahatā hai — ‘main kyā karūn̐?’ aisā hī honā

thā athavā aisā kyon huā? — aisā mānatā hai. parantu yā to sarvathā karttā hī honā thā

yā akarttā rahanā thā, so vichār nahīn hai.

tathā maraṇ avashya hogā aisā jānatā hai, parantu maraṇakā nishchay karake kuchh karttavya

nahīn karatā; is paryāy sambandhī hī yatna karatā hai. tathā maraṇakā nishchay karake kabhī to
kahatā hai ki — main marūn̐gā aur sharīrako jalā deṅge. kabhī kahatā hai — mujhe jalā deṅge.

kabhī kahatā hai — yash rahā to ham jīvit hī haĩn. kabhī kahatā hai — putrādik raheṅge to

main hī jīūn̐gā. — is prakār pāgalakī bhān̐ti bakatā hai, kuchh sāvadhānī nahīn hai.

tathā apaneko paralokamen jānā hai yah pratyakṣha jānatā hai; usake to iṣhṭa-aniṣhṭakā yah

kuchh bhī upāy nahīn karatā aur yahān̐ putra, pautra ādi merī santatimen bahut kāl tak iṣhṭa
banā rahe — aniṣhṭa na ho; aise anek upāy karatā hai. kisīke paralok jāneke bād is

lokakī sāmagrī dvārā upakār huā dekhā nahīn hai, parantu isako paralok honekā nishchay hone
par bhī is lokakī sāmagrīkā hī pālan rahatā hai.

tathā viṣhay-kaṣhāyoṅkī pariṇatise tathā hinsādi kāryon dvārā svayam duḥkhī hotā hai,

khedakhinna hotā hai, dūsaroṅkā shatru hotā hai, is lokamen nindya hotā hai, paralokamen burā hotā
hai — aisā svayam pratyakṣha jānatā hai tathāpi unhīmmen pravartatā hai. — ityādi anek prakārase pratyakṣha

bhāsit ho usakā bhī anyathā shraddhān karatā hai, jānatā hai, ācharaṇ karatā hai; so yah
mohakā māhātmya hai.

is prakār yah jīv anādise mithyādarshan-gnān-chāritrarūp pariṇamit ho rahā hai. isī

pariṇamanase sansāramen anek prakārakā duḥkh utpanna karanevāle karmoṅkā sambandha pāyā jātā hai.
yahī bhāv duḥkhoṅke bīj hain anya koī nahī̃n.

isaliye he bhavya! yadi duḥkhonse mukta honā chāhatā hai to in mithyādarshanādik

vibhāvabhāvoṅkā abhāv karanā hī kārya hai; is kāryake karanese terā param kalyāṇ hogā.

iti shrī mokṣhamārgaprakāshak nāmak shāstramen mithyādarshan-gnān-chāritrake nirūpaṇarūp

chauthā adhikār samāpta huā ..4..

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pān̐chavān̐ adhikār

vividhamat-samīkṣhā

dohāḥ — bahuvidhi mithyā gahanakari, malin bhayo nij bhāv,
tāko hot abhāv hai, sahajarūp darasāv ..

ab, yah jīv pūrvokta prakārase anādihīse mithyādarshan-gnān-chāritrarūp pariṇamit ho

rahā hai. usase sansāramen duḥkh sahatā huā kadāchit manuṣhyādi paryāyommen visheṣh shraddhānādi karanekī
shaktiko pātā hai. vahān̐ yadi visheṣh mithyāshraddhānādikake kāraṇonse un mithyāshraddhānādikakā
poṣhaṇ kare to us jīvakā duḥkhase mukta honā ati durlabh hotā hai.

jaise koī puruṣh rogī hai, vah kuchh sāvadhānīko pākar kupathya sevan kare to us

rogīkā sulajhanā kaṭhin hī hogā. usī prakār yah jīv mithyātvādi sahit hai, vah kuchh
gnānādi shaktiko pākar visheṣh viparīt shraddhānādikake kāraṇoṅkā sevan kare to is jīvakā
mukta honā kaṭhin hī hogā.

isaliye jis prakār vaidya kupathyoṅke visheṣh batalākar unake sevanakā niṣhedh karatā

hai, usī prakār yahān̐ visheṣh mithyāshraddhānādikake kāraṇoṅkā visheṣh batalākar unakā niṣhedh karate
haĩn.

yahān̐ anādise jo mithyātvādibhāv pāye jāte hain unhen to agr̥uhīt mithyātvādi jānanā,

kyoṅki ve navīn grahaṇ nahīn kiye haĩn. tathā unake puṣhṭa karaneke kāraṇonse visheṣh mithyātvādibhāv
hote hain, unhen gr̥uhīt mithyātvādi jānanā. vahān̐ agr̥uhīt mithyātvādikā varṇan to pahale kiyā
hai vah jānanā aur ab gr̥uhīt mithyātvādikā nirūpaṇ karate hain so jānanā.

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kudev-kuguru-kudharma aur kalpit tattvoṅkā shraddhān to mithyādarshan hai. tathā jinamen

viparīt nirūpaṇ dvārā rāgādikā poṣhaṇ kiyā ho aise kushāstrommen shraddhānapūrvak abhyās so
mithyāgnān hai. tathā jis ācharaṇamen kaṣhāyoṅkā sevan ho aur use dharmarūp aṅgīkār karen
so mithyāchāritra hai.

ab, inhīṅko visheṣh batalāte hainḥ —

indra, lokapāl ityādi; tathā advait brahma, rām, kr̥iṣhṇa, mahādev, buddha, khudā, pīr, paigambar

ityādi; tathā hanumān, bhairon, kṣhetrapāl, devī, dahāṛī, satī ityādi; tathā shītalā, chauth, sāñjhī,
ganagaur, holī ityādi; tathā sūrya, chandramā, grah, aut, pitr̥u, vyantar ityādi; tathā gāy, sarpa
ityādi; tathā agni, jal, vr̥ukṣha ityādi; tathā shastra, davāt, bartan ityādi anek hain; unakā
anyathā shraddhān karake unako pūjate hain aur unase apanā kārya siddha karanā chāhate hain, parantu
ve kāryasiddhike kāraṇ nahīn haĩn. isaliye aise shraddhānako gr̥uhitamithyātva kahate haĩn.

vahān̐ unakā anyathā shraddhān kaise hotā hai so kahate hainḥ —

sarvavyāpī advait brahma

advait brahma✽ko sarvavyāpī sarvakā karttā mānate hain, so koī hai nahī̃n. pratham use

sarvavyāpī mānate hain so sarva padārtha to nyāre-nyāre pratyakṣha hain tathā unake svabhāv nyāre-nyāre
dekhe jāte hain, unhen ek kaise mānā jāye? inakā mānanā to in prakāronse haiḥ —

ek prakār to yah hai ki — sarva nyāre-nyāre hain, unake samudāyakī kalpanā karake usakā

kuchh nām rakh lẽn. jaise ghoṛā, hāthī ādi bhinna-bhinna hain; unake samudāyakā nām senā hai,
unase bhinna koī senā vastu nahīn hai. so is prakārase sarva padārtha jinakā nām brahma hai vah
brahma koī bhinna vastu to siddha nahīn huī, kalpanā mātra hī ṭhaharī.

tathā ek prakār yah hai ki — vyakti apekṣhā to nyāre-nyāre hain, unhen jāti apekṣhā —

kalpanāse ek kahā jātā hai. jaise — sau ghoṛe hain so vyakti apekṣhā to bhinna-bhinna sau hī

hain, unake ākārādikī samānatā dekhakar ek jāti kahate hain, parantu vah jāti unase koī

✽

‘sarva vaikhalvidan brahma’ chhāndogyopaniṣhad pra0 khan0 14 man0 1

‘neh nānāstirkichan’ kaṭhopaniṣhad a0 2 va0 41 man0 11
brahmaivedamamr̥utan purastād brahmadakṣhiṇatapashchottareṇa.
aghashchordhvan cha prasr̥utan brahmaivedan vishvamidan variṣhṭham .. muṇḍako0 khan0 3 man0 11

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pān̐chavān̐ adhikār ][ 97

bhinna hī to hai nahī̃n. so is prakārase yadi sabahīkī kisī ek jāti- apekṣhā ek brahma
mānā jāy to brahma koī bhinna to siddha huā nahī̃n.

tathā ek prakār yah hai ki — padārtha nyāre-nyāre hain, unake milāpase ek skandha ho

use ek kahate haĩn. jaise jalake paramāṇu nyāre-nyāre hain, unakā milāp hone par samudrādi
kahate hain; tathā jaise pr̥ithvīke paramāṇuoṅkā milāp hone par ghaṭ ādi kahate hain; parantu yahān̐
samudrādi va ghaṭādik hain, ve un paramāṇuonse bhinna koī alag vastu to nahīn hai. so is
prakārase sarva padārtha nyāre-nyāre hain, parantu kadāchit milakar ek ho jāte hain vah brahma hai —

aisā mānā jāye to inase alag to koī brahma siddha nahīn huā.

tathā ek prakār yah hai ki — aṅg to nyāre-nyāre hain aur jisake aṅg hain vah aṅgī

ek hai. jaise netra, hasta, padādik bhinna-bhinna hain aur jisake yah hain vah manuṣhya ek hai.
so is prakārase yah sarva padārtha to aṅg hain aur jisake yah hain vah aṅgī brahma hai. yah
sarva lok virāṭ svarūp brahmakā aṅg hai — aisā mānate hain to manuṣhyake hastapādādik aṅgommen

paraspar antarāl hone par to ekatvapanā nahīn rahatā, juṛe rahane par hī ek sharīr nām pāte
haĩn. so lokamen to padārthoṅke paraspar antarāl bhāsit hotā hai; phi ra usakā ekatvapanā kaise
mānā jāy? antarāl hone par bhī ekatva mānen to bhinnapanā kahān̐ mānā jāyegā?

yahān̐ koī kahe ki — samasta padārthoṅke madhyamen sūkṣhmarūp brahmake aṅg hain unake dvārā sab

juṛ rahe haĩn. usase kahate hainḥ —

jo aṅg jis aṅgase juṛā hai vah usīse juṛā rahatā hai yā ṭūṭ-ṭūṭakar anya-anya

aṅgonse juṛatā rahatā hai? yadi pratham pakṣha grahaṇ karegā to sūryādi gaman karate hain, unake
sāth jin sūkṣhma aṅgonse vah juṛatā hai ve gaman kareṅge. tathā unake gaman karanese ve sūkṣhma
aṅg anya sthūl aṅgonse juṛe rahate hain ve bhī gaman kareṅge — is prakār sarvalok asthir ho

jāyegā. jis prakār sharīrakā ek aṅg khīñchane par sarva aṅg khich jāte hain; usī prakār
ek padārthake gamanādi karanese sarva padārthoṅke gamanādi hoṅge so bhāsit nahīn hotā. tathā yadi
dvitīy pakṣha grahaṇ karegā to aṅg ṭūṭanese bhinnapanā ho hī jātā hai, tab ekatvapanā kaise
rahā? isaliye sarva-lokake ekatvako brahma mānanā kaise sambhav ho sakatā hai?

tathā ek prakār yah hai ki — pahale ek thā, phi ra anek huā, phi ra ek ho jātā

hai; isaliye ek hai. jaise jal ek thā, so bartanommen alag-alag huā, phi ra milatā hai
tab ek ho jātā hai. tathā jaise — sonekā ek ḍalā thā, so kaṅkan-kuṇḍalādirūp huā,

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phi ra milakar sonekā ḍalā ho jātā hai. usī prakār brahma ek thā, phi ra anekarūp huā
aur phi ra ek hogā, isaliye ek hī hai.

is prakār ekatva mānatā hai to jab anekarūp huā tab juṛā rahā yā bhinna huā?

yadi juṛā rahā kahegā to pūrvokta doṣh āyegā. bhinna huā kahegā to us kāl to ekatva
nahīn rahā. tathā jal, suvarṇādikako bhinna hone par bhī ek kahate hain vah to ek jāti
apekṣhāse kahate hain, parantu yahān̐ sarva padārthoṅkī ek jāti bhāsit nahīn hotī. koī chetan
hai, koī achetan hai, ityādi anek rūp hain; unakī ek jāti kaise kahen? tathā pahale ek
thā, phi ra bhinna huā mānate hain to jaise ek pāṣhāṇ phū ṭakar ṭukaṛe ho jātā hai usī prakār
brahmake khaṇḍa ho gaye, phi ra unakā ikaṭṭhā honā mānatā hai to vahān̐ unakā svarūp bhinna rahatā
hai yā ek ho jātā hai? yadi bhinna rahatā hai to vahān̐ apane-apane svarūpase bhinna hī hain
aur ek ho jāte hain to jaṛ bhī chetan ho jāyegā va chetan jaṛ ho jāyagā. vahān̐ anek
vastuoṅkī ek vastu huī tab kisī kālamen anek vastu, kisī kālamen ek vastu aisā kahanā
banegā, ‘anādi-ananta ek brahma hai’ — aisā kahanā nahīn banegā.

tathā yadi kahegā ki lok-rachanā honese va na honese brahma jaisākā taisā hī rahatā hai,

isaliye brahma anādi-ananta hai. to ham pūchhate hain ki lokamen pr̥ithvī, jalādik dekhe jāte hain ve
alag navīn utpanna hue hain yā brahma hī in svarūp huā hai? yadi alag navīn utpanna hue hain
to ve nyāre hue, brahma nyārā rahā; sarvavyāpī advait brahma nahīn ṭhaharā. tathā yadi brahma hī in
svarūp huā to kadāchit lok huā, kadāchit brahma huā, phi ra jaisākā taisā kaisā rahā?

tathā vah kahatā hai ki — sabhī brahma to lokasvarūp nahīn hotā, usakā koī ansh

hotā hai. usase kahate hain — jaise samudrakā ek bindu viṣharūp huā, vahān̐ sthūl dr̥uṣhṭise to

gamya nahīn hai, parantu sūkṣhmadr̥uṣhṭi dene par to bindu apekṣhā samudrake anyathāpanā huā. usī
prakār brahmakā ek ansh bhinna hokar lokarūp huā, vahān̐ sthūl vichārase to gamya nahīn hai,
parantu sūkṣhma vichār karane par to ek ansh apekṣhāse brahmake anyathāpanā huā. yah anyathāpanā
aur to kisīke huā nahīn hai.

is prakār sarvarūp brahmako mānanā bhram hī hai.
tathā ek prakār yah hai — jaise ākāsh sarvavyāpī ek hai, usī prakār brahma sarvavyāpī

ek hai. yadi is prakār mānatā hai to ākāshavat baṛā brahmako mān aur jahān̐ ghaṭapaṭādik
hain vahān̐ jis prakār ākāsh hai usī prakār brahma bhī hai — aisā bhī mān, parantu jis prakār

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pān̐chavān̐ adhikār ][ 99

ghaṭapaṭādikako aur ākāshako ek hī kahen to kaise banegā? usī prakār lokako aur brahmako
ek mānanā kaise sambhav hai. tathā ākāshakā lakṣhaṇ to sarvatra bhāsit hai, isaliye usakā
to sarvatra sadbhāv mānate hain; brahmakā lakṣhaṇ to sarvatra bhāsit nahīn hotā, isaliye usakā
sarvatra sadbhāv kaise mānẽn. is prakārase bhī sarvarūp brahma nahīn hai.

aisā vichār karane par kisī bhī prakārase ek brahma sambhavit nahīn hai. sarva padārtha

bhinna - bhinna hī bhāsit hote haĩn.

yahān̐ prativādī kahatā hai ki — sarva ek hī hai, parantu tumhen bhram hai, isaliye tumhen ek

bhāsit nahīn hotā. tathā tumane yukti kahī so brahmakā svarūp yuktigamya nahīn hai, vachan-agochar
hai. ek bhī hai; anek bhī hai; bhinna bhī hai, milā bhī hai. usakī mahimā aisī hī hai.

usase kahate hain ki — pratyakṣha tujhako va hamako va sabako bhāsit hotā hai use to

tū bhram kahatā hai. aur yuktise anumān karen so tū kahatā hai ki sachchā svarūp yuktigamya
hai hī nahī̃n. tathā vah kahatā hai — sachchā svarūp vachan-agochar hai to vachan binā kaise nirṇay

karen? tathā kahatā hai — ek bhī hai, anek bhī hai; bhinna bhī hai, milā bhī hai; parantu unakī

apekṣhā nahīn batalātā; bāvalekī bhān̐ti aise bhī hai, aise bhī hai — aisā kahakar isakī mahimā

batalātā hai. parantu jahān̐ nyāy nahīn hotā vahān̐ jhūṭhe aisā hī vāchālapanā karate hain so karo,
nyāy to jis prakār satya hai usī prakār hogā.

sr̥uṣhṭikarttāvādakā nirākaraṇ

tathā ab, brahmako lokakā karttā mānatā hai use mithyā dikhalāte haĩn.
pratham to aisā mānatā hai ki brahmako aisī ichchhā huī ki — ‘eko‘han bahusyān’ arthāt

main ek hūn̐ so bahut hoūn̐gā.

vahān̐ pūchhate hain — pūrva avasthāmen duḥkhī ho tab anya avasthāko chāhe. so brahmane ek

avasthāse bahutarūp honekī ichchhā kī to us ekarūp avasthāmen kyā duḥkh thā? tab vah
kahatā hai ki duḥkh to nahīn thā, aisā hī kautūhal utpanna huā. use kahate hain — yadi pahale

thoṛā sukhī ho aur kautūhal karanese bahut sukhī ho to kautūhal karanekā vichār kare.
so brahmako ek avasthāse bahut avasthārūp hone par bahut sukh honā kaise sambhav hai? aur
yadi pūrva sampūrṇa sukhī ho to avasthā kisaliye palaṭe? prayojan binā to koī kuchh karttavya
karatā nahīn hai.

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100 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

tathā pahale bhī sukhī hogā ichchhānusār kārya hone par bhī sukhī hogā; parantu ichchhā

huī us kāl to duḥkhī hogā? tab vah kahatā hai — brahmake jis kāl ichchhā hotī hai usī

kāl hī kārya hotā hai, isaliye duḥkhī nahīn hotā. vahān̐ kahate hain — sthūl kālakī apekṣhā

to aisā māno; parantu sūkṣhma kālakī apekṣhā to ichchhākā aur kāryakā honā yugapat sambhav
nahīn hai. ichchhā to tabhī hotī hai jab kārya na ho. kārya ho tab ichchhā nahīn rahatī.
isaliye sūkṣhma kālamātra ichchhā rahī tab to duḥkhī huā hogā; kyoṅki ichchhā hai so hī duḥkh
hai aur koī duḥkhakā svarūp hai nahī̃n. isalie brahmake ichchhā kaise bane?

phi ra ve kahate hain ki — ichchhā hone par brahmakī māyā pragaṭ huī; vahān̐ brahmako māyā

huī tab brahma bhī māyāvī huā, shuddhasvarūp kaise rahā? tathā brahmako aur māyāko daṇḍī-
daṇḍavat sanyogasambandha hai ki agni-uṣhṇavat samavāyasambandha hai. jo sanyogasambandha hai to brahma
bhinna hai, māyā bhinna hai; advait brahma kaise rahā? tathā jaise daṇḍī daṇḍako upakārī jānakar
grahaṇ karatā hai taise brahma māyāko upakārī jānatā hai to grahaṇ karatā hai, nahīn to kyon
grahaṇ kare? tathā jis māyāko brahma grahaṇ kare usakā niṣhedh karanā kaise sambhav hai? vah
to upādey huī. tathā yadi samavāyasambandha hai to jaise agnikā uṣhṇatva svabhāv hai vaise
brahmakā māyā svabhāv hī huā. jo brahmakā svabhāv hai usakā niṣhedh karanā kaise sambhav
hai? yah to uttam huī.

phi ra ve kahate hain ki brahma to chaitanya hai, māyā jaṛ hai; so samavāyasambandhamen aise

do svabhāv sambhavit nahīn hote. jaise prakāsh aur andhakār ekatra kaise sambhav hain?

tathā vah kahatā hai — māyāse brahma āp to bhramarūp hotā nahīn hai, usakī māyāse

jīv bhramarūp hotā hai. usase kahate hain — jis prakār kapaṭī apane kapaṭako āp jānatā

hai so āp bhramarūp nahīn hotā, usake kapaṭase anya bhramarūp ho jātā hai. vahān̐ kapaṭī
to usīko kahate hain jisane kapaṭ kiyā, usake kapaṭase anya bhramarūp hue unhen to kapaṭī
nahīn kahate. usī prakār brahma apanī māyāko āp jānatā hai so āp to bhramarūp nahīn
hotā, parantu usakī māyāse anya jīv bhramarūp hote haĩn. vahān̐ māyāvī to brahmako hī kahā
jāyagā, usakī māyāse anya jīv bhramarūp hue unhen māyāvī kisaliye kahate hain?

phi ra pūchhate hain ki — ve jīv brahmase ek hain? yā nyāre hain? yadi ek hain to jaise

koī āp hī apane aṅgoṅko pīṛā utpanna kare to use bāvalā kahate hain; usī prakār brahma
āp hī jo apanese bhinna nahīn hain aise anya jīv, unako māyāse duḥkhī karatā hai so kaise

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pān̐chavā adhikār ][ 101

banegā? tathā jo nyāre hain to jaise koī bhūt binā hī prayojan anya jīvoṅko bhram utpanna
karake pīṛā utpanna karatā hai, usī prakār brahma binā hī prayojan anya jīvoṅko māyā utpanna
karake pīṛā utpanna kare so bhī banatā nahīn hai.

is prakār māyā brahmakī kahate hain so kaise sambhav hai?
phi ra ve kahate hain — māyā hone par lok utpanna huā, vahān̐ jīvoṅke jo chetanā hai

vah to brahmasvarūp hai, sharīrādik māyā hai. vahān̐ jis prakār bhinna-bhinna bahutase pātrommen jal
bharā hai, un sabamen chandramākā pratibimba alag-alag paṛatā hai, chandramā ek hai; usī prakār
alag-alag bahutase sharīrommen brahmakā chaitanyaprakāsh alag-alag pāyā jātā hai. brahma ek
hai, isaliye jīvoṅke chetanā hai so brahmakī hai.

aisā kahanā bhī bhram hī hai; kyoṅki sharīr jaṛ hai, isamen brahmake pratibimbase chetanā huī,

to ghaṭ-paṭādi jaṛ hain unamen brahmakā pratibimba kyon nahīn paṛā aur chetanā kyon nahīn huī?

tathā vah kahatā hai — sharīrako to chetan nahīn karatā, jīvako karatā hai.

tab usase pūchhate hain ki jīvakā svarūp chetan hai yā achetan? yadi chetan hai to

chetanakā chetan kyā karegā? achetan hai to sharīrakī va ghaṭādikakī va jīvakī ek jāti
huī. tathā usase pūchhate hain — brahmakī aur jīvoṅkī chetanā ek hai yā bhinna hai? yadi ek

hai to gnānakā adhik-hīnapanā kaise dekhā jātā hai? tathā yah jīv paraspar — vah usakī

jānīko nahīn jānatā aur vah usakī jānīko nahīn jānatā, so kyā kāraṇ hai? yadi tū
kahegā, yah ghaṭaupādhi bhed hai; to ghaṭaupādhi honese to chetanā bhinna-bhinna ṭhaharī. ghaṭaupādhi
miṭane par isakī chetanā brahmamen milegī yā nāsh ho jāyagī? yadi nāsh ho jāyegī to yah
jīv to achetan rah jāyegā aur tū kahegā ki jīv hī brahmamen mil jātā hai to vahān̐
brahmamen milane par isakā astitva rahatā hai yā nahīn rahatā? yadi astitva rahatā hai to yah
rahā, isakī chetanā isake rahī; brahmamen kyā milā? aur yadi astitva nahīn rahatā hai to
usakā nāsh hī huā; brahmamen kaun milā? yadi tū kahegā ki brahmakī aur jīvoṅkī chetanā
bhinna hai, to brahma aur sarva jīv āp hī bhinna-bhinna ṭhahare. is prakār jīvoṅko chetanā
hai so brahmakī hai — aisā bhī nahīn banatā.

sharīrādi māyāke kahate ho so māyā hī hāṛ-mānsādirūp hotī hai yā māyāke nimittase

aur koī unarūp hotā hai. yadi māyā hī hotī hai to māyāke varṇa-gandhādik pahale hī
the yā navīn hue hain? yadi pahale hī the to pahale to māyā brahmakī thī, brahma amūrtik hai

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102 ] [ mokṣhamārgaprakāshak

vahān̐ varṇādi kaise sambhav hain? yadi navīn hue to amūrtikakā mūrtik huā, tab amūrtik
svabhāv shāshvat nahīn ṭhaharā aur yadi kahegā ki — māyāke nimittase aur koī hotā hai,

tab aur padārtha to tū ṭhaharātā hī nahīn, phi ra huā kaun?

yadi tū kahegā — navīn padārtha utpanna hotā hai; to vah māyāse bhinna utpanna hotā

hai yā abhinna utpanna hotā hai? māyāse bhinna utpanna ho to māyāmayī sharīrādik kisaliye
kahatā hai, ve to un padārthamay hue. aur abhinna utpanna hue to māyā hī tadrūp huī, navīn
padārtha utpanna kisaliye kahatā hai?

is prakār sharīrādik māyāsvarūp hain, aisā kahanā bhram hai.
tathā ve kahate hain — māyāse tīn guṇ utpanna hue — rājas, tāmas, sāttvika. so yah

bhī kahanā kaise banegā? kyoṅki mānādi kaṣhāyarūp bhāvako rājas kahate hain, krodhādi-kaṣhāyarūp
bhāvako tāmas kahate hain, mandakaṣhāyarūp bhāvako sāttvik kahate haĩn. so yah bhāv to chetanāmay
pratyakṣha dekhe jāte hain aur māyākā svarūp jaṛ kahate ho, so jaṛase yah bhāv kaise utpanna
hon? yadi jaṛake bhī hon to pāṣhāṇādikake bhī hoṅge, parantu chetanāsvarūp jīvoṅke hī yah
bhāv dikhate hain; isaliye yah bhāv māyāse utpanna nahīn haĩn. yadi māyāko chetan ṭhaharāye to
yah mānẽn. so māyāko chetan ṭhaharāne par sharīrādik māyāse utpanna kahegā to nahīn māneṅge.
isaliye nirdhār kar; bhramarūp mānanese lābh kyā hai.

tathā ve kahate hain — un guṇonse brahmā, viṣhṇu, mahesh yah tīn dev pragaṭ hue so kaise

sambhav hai? kyoṅki guṇīse to guṇ hotā hai, guṇase guṇī kaise utpanna hogā? puruṣhase to
krodh hogā, krodhase puruṣh kaise utpanna hogā? phi ra in guṇoṅkī to nindā karate hain, inase
utpanna hue brahmādikako pūjya kaise mānā jātā hai? tathā guṇ to māyāmayī aur inhen brahmake
avatār kahā jātā hai so yah to māyāke avatār hue, inako brahmakā avatār *kaise kahā

jātā hai? tathā yah guṇ jinake thoṛe bhī pāye jāte hain unhen to chhuṛānekā upadesh dete hain
aur jo inhīṅkī mūrti unhen pūjya mānen yah kaisā bhram hai?

✽

brahmā, viṣhṇu aur shiv yah tīnon brahmakī pradhān shaktiyān̐ haĩn. (‘viṣhṇu purāṇ’ a0 22-58)
kalikālake prārambhamen parabrahma paramātmāne rajoguṇase utpanna hokar brahmā banakar prajākī rachanā kī.
pralayake samay tamoguṇase utpanna ho kāl (shiv) banakar sr̥uṣhṭiko gras liyā. us paramātmāne sattvaguṇase
utpanna ho, nārāyaṇ banakar samudramen shayan kiyā.

(‘vāyu purāṇ’ a0 7-68, 69)

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