Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (itrans transliteration). Satava Adhyay.

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ChaThavA.N adhikAr ][ 183
aur bhI gAthAsUtra vahA.N us shraddhAnako dR^i.Dh.h.h karaneke liye kahe hai.n ve vahA.Nse jAnanA.
tathA kundakundAchAryakR^it ‘‘li.ngapAhu.D.h.h’’ hai, usame.n munili.ng dhAraN karake jo hi.nsA,
Arambha, ya.ntra-ma.ntrAdi karate hai.n unakA bahut niShedh kiyA hai.
tathA guNabhadrAchAryakR^it ‘‘AtmAnushAsan’’ me.n aisA kahA haiH —
itastatashcha trasyanto vibhAvavaryyA.n yathA mR^igAH.
vanAbdasantyugrAma.n kalau kaShTa.n tapasvinaH..197..
arthaH — kalikAlame.n tapasvI mR^igakI bhA.Nti idhar-udharase bhayabhIt hokar vanase nagarake
samIp vAs karate hai.n, yah mahAkhedakArI kArya hai. yahA.N nagarake samIpahI rahanekA niShedh kiyA,
to nagarame.n rahanA to niShiddha huA hI.
vara.n gArhasthyamevAdya tapaso bhAvijanmanaH.
sustrIkaTAkShaluNTAkairluptavairAgyasampadaH..200..
arthaH — honevAlA hai ananta sa.nsAr jisase aise tapase gR^ihasthapanA hI bhalA hai. kaisA
hai vah tap? prabhAt hote hI striyo.nke kaTAkSharUpI luTero.n dvArA jisakI vairAgya-sampadA luT
gaI hai — aisA hai.
tathA yogIndradevakR^it ‘‘paramAtmaprakAshame.n’’ aisA kahA haiH —
chillAchillIputthiyahi.n, tUsai mUDhu Nibha.ntu.
eyahi.n lajjai NANiyau, ba.ndhaha.n heu muNa.ntu..215..
chelA-chelI aur pustako.n dvArA mU.Dh.h.h sa.ntuShTa hotA hai; bhrAntirahit aisA j~nAnI unhe.n bandhakA
kAraN jAnatA huA unase lajjAyamAn hotA hai.
keNavi appau va.nchiyau, sirulu.nchivi ChAreN.
sayalavi sa.ng Na parihariy, jiNavarali.ngadhareN..217..
kisI jIv dvArA apanA AtmA ThagA gayA, vah kaun? ki jis jIvane jinavarakA
li.ng dhAraN kiyA aur rAkhase sirakA lo.nch kiyA; parantu samasta parigrah nahI.n Cho.DA.
je jiNali.ngu dharevi muNi, iTThapariggah li.nti.
Chaddi kareviNu te ji jiy, sA puNu Chaddi gila.nti..218..
arthaH — he jIv! jo muni jinali.ng dhAraN karake iShTa parigrahako grahaN karate hai.n,

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184 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
ve Chardi (ulTI) karake usI ChardikA punaH bhakShaN karate hai.n arthAt nindanIy hai.n. ityAdik
vahA.N kahate hai.n.
is prakAr shAstro.nme.n kugurukA va unake AcharaNakA va unakI sushruShAkA niShedh kiyA
hai so jAnanA.
tathA jahA.N muniko dhAtrI – dUt Adi ChayAlIs doSh AhArAdikame.n kahe hai.n; vahA.N gR^ihastho.nke
bAlako.nko prasanna karanA, samAchAr kahanA, ma.ntra-auShadhi-jyotiShAdi kArya batalAnA tathA kiyA-
karAyA, anumodit bhojan lenA — ityAdik kriyAo.nkA niShedh kiyA hai; parantu ab kAladoShase
inhI.n doSho.nko lagAkar AhArAdi grahaN karate hai.n.
tathA pArshvastha, kushIlAdi bhraShTAchArI muniyo.nkA niShedh kiyA hai, unhI.nke lakShaNo.nko dhAraN
karate hai.n. itanA visheSh hai ki — ve dravyase to nagna rahate hai.n, yah nAnA parigrah rakhate hai.n.
tathA vahA.N muniyo.nke bhrAmarI Adi AhAr lenekI vidhi kahI hai; parantu yah Asakta hokar,
dAtArake prAN pI.Dit karake AhArAdikA grahaN karate hai.n. tathA jo gR^ihasthadharmame.n bhI uchit
nahI.n hai va anyAy, lokani.ndya, pAparUp kArya karate pratyakSha dekhe jAte hai.n.
tathA jinabimba, shAstrAdik sarvotkR^iShTa pUjya unakI to avinay karate hai.n aur Ap
unase bhI maha.ntatA rakhakar Upar baiThanA Adi pravR^ittiko dhAraN karate hai.n — ityAdik anek
viparItatAe.N pratyakSha bhAsit hotI hai.n aur apaneko muni mAnate hai.n, mUlaguN Adike dhArI kahalAte
hai.n. is prakAr apanI mahimA karAte hai.n aur gR^ihastha bhole unake dvArA prasha.nsAdikase ThagAte
hue dharmakA vichAr nahI.n karate, unakI bhaktime.n tatpar hote hai.n; parantu ba.De pApako ba.DA dharma
mAnanA is mithyAtvakA phal kaise ananta sa.nsAr nahI.n hogA? shAstrame.n ek jinavachanako anyathA
mAnanese mahApApI honA kahA hai; yahA.N to jinavachanakI kuCh bAt hI nahI.n rakhI, to isake
samAn aur pAp kaun hai?
shithilAchArakI poShak yuktiyA.N aur unakA nirAkaraN
ab yahA.N, kuyukti dvArA jo un kuguruo.n kI sthApanA karate hai.n unakA nirAkaraN
karate hai.n.
vahA.N vah kahatA hai — guru binA to nigurA kahalAye.nge aur vaise guru is samay dikhate
nahI.n hai.n; isaliye inhI.nko guru mAnanA?
uttaraH — nigurA to usakA nAm hai jo guru mAnatA hI nahI.n. tathA jo guruko to
mAne, parantu is kShetrame.n gurukA lakShaN na dekhakar kisIko guru na mAne, to is shraddhAnase

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ChaThavA.N adhikAr ][ 185
to nigurA hotA nahI.n hai. jis prakAr nAstik to usakA nAm hai jo parameshvarako mAnatA
hI nahI.n aur jo parameshvarako to mAne, parantu is kShetrame.n parameshvarakA lakShaN na dekhakar kisIko
parameshvar na mAne to nAstik to hotA nahI.n hai; usI prakAr yah jAnanA.
phi ra vah kahatA hai — jain-shAstro.nme.n vartamAname.n kevalIkA to abhAv kahA hai, munikA
to abhAv nahI.n kahA hai?
uttaraH — aisA to kahA nahI.n hai ki in desho.nme.n sadbhAv rahegA; parantu bharatakShetrame.n kahate
hai.n, so bharatakShetra to bahut ba.DA hai, kahI.n sadbhAv hogA; isaliye abhAv nahI.n kahA hai. yadi
tum rahate ho usI kShetrame.n sadbhAv mAnoge, to jahA.N aise bhI guru nahI.n mile.nge vahA.N jAoge tab
kisako guru mAnoge? jis prakAr — ha.nso.nkA sadbhAv vartamAn me.n kahA hai, parantu ha.ns dikhAI
nahI.n dete to aur pakShiyo.nko to ha.ns mAnA nahI.n jAtA; usI prakAr vartamAname.n muniyo.n kA sadbhAv
kahA hai, parantu muni dikhAI nahI.n dete to auro.nko to muni mAnA nahI.n jA sakatA.
phi ra vah kahatA hai — ek akSharake dAtAko guru mAnate hai.n; to jo shAstra sikhalAye.n
va sunAye.n unhe.n guru kaise na mAne.n?
uttaraH — guru nAm ba.DekA hai. so jis prakArakI maha.ntatA jisake sambhav ho, use
us prakAr gurusa.nj~nA sambhav hai. jaise — kul apekShA mAtA-pitAko gurusa.nj~nA hai; usI prakAr
vidyAe pa.DhAnevAleko vidyA-apekShA gurusa.nj~nA hai. yahA.N to dharmakA adhikAr hai, isaliye jisake
dharma-apekShA maha.ntatA sambhavit ho use guru jAnanA. parantu dharma nAm chAritrakA hai, ‘‘chAritta.n
khalu dhammo’’1aisA shAstrame.n kahA hai, isaliye chAritrake dhArakako hI gurusa.nj~nA hai. tathA jis
prakAr bhUtAdikA nAm bhI dev hai; tathApi yahA.N devake shraddhAname.n arahantadevakA hI grahaN hai,
usI prakAr auro.nkA bhI nAm guru hai tathApi yahA.N shraddhAname.n nirgranthakA hI grahaN hai. jainadharmame.n
arhantadev, nirgranthaguru aisA prasiddha vachan hai.
yahA.N prashna hai ki nirgranthake sivA anyako guru nahI.n mAnate; so kyA kAraN hai?
uttaraH — nirgranthake sivA anya jIv sarvaprakArase maha.ntatA dhAraN nahI.n karate. jaise —
lobhI shAstra vyAkhyAn kare vahA.N vah ise shAstra sunAnese maha.nt huA aur yah use dhan-
vastrAdi denese maha.nt huA. yadyapi bAhyame.n shAstra sunAnevAlA maha.nt rahatA hai, tathApi antara.ngame.n
lobhI hotA hai; isaliye sarvathA maha.ntatA nahI.n huI.
1. pravachanasAr gAthA 1 — 7

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186 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
yahA.N koI kahe — nirgrantha bhI to AhAr lete hai.n?
uttaraH — lobhI hokar, dAtArakI sushruShA karake, dInatAse AhAr nahI.n lete; isaliye
maha.ntatA nahI.n ghaTatI. jo lobhI ho vahI hInatA prApta karatA hai. isI prakAr anya jIv
jAnanA. isaliye nirgrantha hI sarvaprakAr maha.ntatAyukta hai.n; nirgranthake sivA anya jIv sarvaprakAr
guNavAn nahI.n hai.n; isaliye guNo.nkI apekShA maha.ntatA aur doSho.nkI apekShA hInatA bhAsit hotI
hai, tab niHsha.nk stuti nahI.n kI jA sakatI.
tathA nirgranthake sivA anya jIv jaisA dharma-sAdhan karate hai.n, vaisA va usase adhik
dharma-sAdhan gR^ihastha bhI kar sakate hai.n; vahA.N gurusa.nj~nA kisako hogI? isaliye jo bAhyAbhyAntar
parigraharahit nirgrantha muni hai.n unhI.nko guru jAnanA.
yahA.N koI kahe — aise guru to vartamAname.n yahA.N nahI.n hai.n, isaliye jis prakAr arahantakI
sthApanA pratimA hai; usI prakAr guruo.nkI sthApanA yah veShadhArI hai.n?
uttaraH — jis prakAr rAjAkI sthApanA chitrAdi dvArA kare so vah rAjAkA pratipakShI
nahI.n hai, aur koI sAmAnya manuShya apaneko rAjA manAye to rAjAkA pratipakShI hotA hai; usI
prakAr arahantAdikakI pAShANAdime.n sthApanA banAye to unakA pratipakShI nahI.n hai, aur koI
sAmAnya manuShya apane ko muni manAye to vah muniyo.nkA pratipakShI huA. is prakAr bhI sthApanA
hotI ho to apaneko arahanta bhI manAo! aur yadi unakI sthApanA ho to bAhyame.n to
vaisA hI honA chAhiye; parantu ve nirgrantha, yah bahut parigrahake dhArI — yah kaise banatA hai?
tathA koI kahe — ab shrAvak bhI to jaise sambhav hai.n vaise nahI.n hai.n, isaliye jaise
shrAvak vaise muni?
uttaraH — shrAvakasa.nj~nA to shAstrame.n sarva gR^ihastha jainiyo.nko hai. shreNik bhI asa.nyamI thA,
use uttarapurAName.n shrAvakottam kahA hai. bArah sabhAo.nme.n shrAvak kahe hai.n vahA.N sarva vratadhArI
nahI.n the. yadi sarva vratadhArI hote to asa.nyat manuShyo.nkI alag sa.nkhyA kahI jAtI, so nahI.n
kahI hai; isaliye gR^ihastha jain shrAvak nAm prApta karatA hai. aur munisa.nj~nA to nirgranthake sivA
kahI.n kahI nahI.n hai.
tathA shrAvakake to ATh mUlaguN kahe hai.n. isaliye madya, mA.ns, madhu, pA.Nch udambarAdi
phalo.nkA bhakShaN shrAvako.nke hai nahI.n; isaliye kisI prakArase shrAvakapanA to sambhavit bhI hai;
parantu munike aTThAIs mUlaguN hai.n so veShiyo.nke dikhAI nahI.n dete, isaliye munipanA kisI bhI
prakAr sambhav nahI.n hai. tathA gR^ihastha-avasthAme.n to pahale jambUkumArAdikane bahut hi.nsAdi kArya

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ChaThavA.N adhikAr ][ 187
kiye sune jAte hai.n; muni hokar to kisIne hi.nsAdik kArya kiye nahI.n hai.n, parigrah rakhA nahI.n
hai, isaliye aisI yukti kAryakArI nahI.n hai.
dekho, AdinAthajIke sAth chAr hajAr rAjA dIkShA lekar punaH bhraShTa hue, tab dev
unase kahane lage — ‘jinali.ngI hokar anyathA pravartoge to ham da.nD de.nge. jinali.ng Cho.Dkar
jo tumhArI ichChA ho so tum jAno’. isaliye jinali.ngI kahalAkar anyathA pravarte, ve to
da.nDayogya hai.n; va.ndanAdi-yogya kaise ho.nge?
ab adhik kyA kahe.n! jinamatame.n kuveSh dhAraN karate hai.n ve mahApAp karate hai.n; anya
jIv jo unakI sushruShA Adi karate hai.n ve bhI pApI hote hai.n. padmapurAName.n yah kathA hai
ki — shreShThI dharmAtmAne chAraN muniyo.nko bhramase bhraShTa jAnakar AhAr nahI.n diyA; tab jo pratyakSha
bhraShTa hai.n unhe.n dAnAdik denA kaise sambhav hai?
yahA.N koI kahe — hamAre antara.ngame.n shraddhAn to satya hai, parantu bAhya lajjAdise shiShTAchAr
karate hai.n; so phal to antara.ngakA hogA?
uttaraH — ShaTpAhu.Dme.n lajjAdise vandanAdikakA niShedh batalAyA thA, vah pahale hI kahA
thA. koI jabaradastI mastak jhukAkar hAth ju.DvAye, tab to yah sambhav hai ki hamArA antara.ng
nahI.n thA; parantu Ap hI mAnAdikase namaskArAdi kare, vahA.N antara.ng kaise na kahe.n? jaise —
koI antara.ngame.n to mA.Nsako burA jAne; parantu rAjAdikako bhalA manavAneko mA.Ns-bhakShaN kare
to use vratI kaise mAne.n? usI prakAr antara.ngame.n to kuguru-sevanako burA jAne; parantu unako
va logo.nko bhalA manavAneke liye sevan kare to shraddhAnI kaise kahe.n? isaliye bAhyatyAg karane
par hI antara.ngatyAg sambhav hai. isaliye jo shraddhAnI jIv hai.n, unhe.n kisI prakArase bhI
kuguruo.nkI sushruShA Adi karanA yogya nahI.n hai.
is prakAr kugurusevanakA niShedh kiyA.
yahA.N koI kahe — kisI tattvashraddhAnIko kugurusevanase mithyAtva kaise huA?
uttaraH — jis prakAr shIlavatI strI parapuruShake sAth bhartArakI bhA.Nti ramaNakriyA sarvathA
nahI.n karatI; usI prakAr tattvashraddhAnI puruSh kuguruke sAth sugurukI bhA.Nti namaskArAdi kriyA
sarvathA nahI.n karatA. kyo.nki yah to jIvAdi tattvo.nkA shraddhAnI huA hai — vahA.N rAgAdikakA
niShedh karanevAlA shraddhAn karatA hai, vItarAgabhAvako shreShTha mAnatA hai — isaliye jisake vItarAgatA
pAyI jAye, unhI.n guruko uttam jAnakar namaskArAdi karatA hai; jinake rAgAdik pAye jAye.n
unhe.n niShiddha jAnakar kadApi namaskArAdi nahI.n karatA.

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188 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
koI kahe — jis prakAr rAjAdikako karatA hai; usI prakAr inako bhI karatA hai?
uttaraH — rAjAdik dharmapaddhatime.n nahI.n hai.n, gurukA sevan to dharmapaddhatime.n hai. rAjAdikakA
sevan to lobhAdikase hotA hai, vahA.N chAritramohakA hI uday sambhav hai; parantu guruke sthAn
par kugurukA sevan kiyA, vahA.N tattvashraddhAnake kAraN to guru the, unase yah pratikUl huA.
so lajjAdikase jisane kAraName.n viparItatA utpanna kI usake kAryabhUt tattvashraddhAname.n dR^i.DhtA kaise
sambhav hai? isaliye vahA.N darshanamohakA uday sambhav hai.
is prakAr kuguruo.nkA nirUpaN kiyA.
kudharmakA nirUpaN aur usake shraddhAnAdikakA niShedh
ab kudharmakA nirUpaN karate hai.nH —
jahA.N hi.nsAdi pAp utpanna ho.n va viShay-kaShAyo.nkI vR^iddhi ho vahA.N dharma mAne; so kudharma
jAnanA. yaj~nAdi kriyAo.nme.n mahAhi.nsAdik utpanna kare, ba.De jIvo.nkA ghAt kare aur indriyo.nke
viShay poShaN kare, un jIvo.nme.n duShTabuddhi karake raudradhyAnI ho, tIvra lobhase auro.nkA burA karake
apanA koI prayojan sAdhanA chAhe; aur aise kArya karake vahA.N dharma mAne; so kudharma hai.
tathA tIrtho.nme.n va anyatra snAnAdi kArya kare, vahA.N ba.De-ChoTe bahutase jIvo.nkI hi.nsA hotI
hai, sharIrako chain milatA hai; isaliye viShay-poShaN hotA hai aur kAmAdik ba.Dhte hai.n;
kutUhalAdise vahA.N kaShAyabhAv ba.DhAtA hai aur dharma mAnatA hai; so kudharma hai.
tathA sa.nkrAnti, grahaN, vyatipAtAdikame.n dAn detA hai va bure grahAdike artha dAn detA
hai; pAtra jAnakar lobhI puruSho.nko dAn detA hai; dAn deneme.n suvarNa, hastI, gho.DA, til Adi
vastuo.nko detA hai. parantu sa.nkrAnti Adi parva dharmarUp nahI.n hai.n, jyotiShIke sa.nchArAdik dvArA
sa.nkrAnti Adi hote hai.n. tathA duShTa grahAdikake artha diyA — vahA.N bhay, lobhAdikakI adhikatA
huI, isaliye vahA.N dAn deneme.n dharma nahI.n hai. tathA lobhI puruSh dene yogya pAtra nahI.n hai.n, kyo.nki
lobhI nAnA asatya yuktiyA.N karake Thagate hai.n, ki.nchit bhalA nahI.n karate. bhalA to tab hotA
hai jab isake dAnakI sahAyatAse vah dharma-sAdhan kare; parantu vah to ulTA pAparUp pravartatA
hai. pApake sahAyakakA bhalA kaise hogA?
yahI ‘‘rayaNasAr’’ shAstrame.n kahA haiH —
sappurisANa.n dANa.n kappatarUNa.n phalANa.n soha.n vA.
lohINa.n dANa.n jai vimANasohA savassa jANeh..26..

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ChaThavA.N adhikAr ][ 189
arthaH — satpuruSho.nko dAn denA kalpavR^ikSho.nke phalo.nkI shobhA samAn hai. shobhA bhI hai
aur sukhadAyak bhI hai. tathA lobhI puruSho.nko dAn denA hotA hai so shav arthAt murdekI
ThaTharIkI shobhA samAn jAnanA. shobhA to hotI hai, parantu mAlikako param duHkhadAyak hotI
hai; isaliye lobhI puruSho.nko dAn deneme.n dharma nahI.n hai.
tathA dravya to aisA denA chAhiye jisase usake dharma ba.Dhe; parantu svarNa, hastI Adi
denese to hi.nsAdik utpanna hote hai.n aur mAn – lobhAdik ba.Dhte hai.n usase mahApAp hotA hai.
aisI vastuo.nko denevAleke puNya kaise hogA?
tathA viShayAsakta jIv ratidAnAdikame.n puNya ThaharAte hai.n; parantu jahA.N pratyakSha kushIlAdi
pAp ho.n vahA.N puNya kaise hogA? tathA yukti milAneko kahate hai.n ki vah strI santoSh prApta
karatI hai. so strI to viShay-sevan karanese sukh pAtI hI hai, shIlakA upadesh kisaliye
diyA? ratikAlake atirikta bhI usake manorath na pravarte to duHkh pAtI hai; so aisI asatya
yukti banAkar viShay-poShaN karanekA upadesh dete hai.n.
isI prakAr dayA-dAn va pAtra-dAnake sivA anya dAn dekar dharma mAnanA sarva kudharma hai.
tathA vratAdik karake vahA.N hi.nsAdik va viShayAdik ba.DhAte hai.n; parantu vratAdik to unhe.n
ghaTAneke artha kiye jAte hai.n. tathA jahA.N annakA to tyAg kare aur ka.ndamUlAdikA bhakShaN
kare vahA.N hi.nsA visheSh huI, svAdAdik viShay visheSh hue.
tathA diname.n to bhojan karatA nahI.n hai aur rAtrime.n bhojan karatA hai; vahA.N pratyakSha hI
din – bhojanase rAtri – bhojaname.n visheSh hi.nsA bhAShit hotI hai, pramAd visheSh hotA hai.
tathA vratAdi karake nAnA shrR^i.ngAr banAtA hai, kutUhal karatA hai, juA AdirUp pravartatA
hai — ityAdi pApakriyA karatA hai; tathA vratAdikakA phal laukik iShTakI prApti, aniShTake nAshako
chAhatA hai; vahA.N kaShAyo.nkI tIvratA visheSh huI.
is prakAr vratAdikase dharma mAnatA hai so kudharma hai.
tathA koI bhakti Adi kAryome.n hi.nsAdik pAp ba.DhAte hai.n; gIt-nR^ityagAnAdik va iShTa
bhojanAdik va anya sAmagriyo.n dvArA viShayo.nkA poShaN karate hai.n; kutUhal – pramAdAdirUp pravartate
hai.n — vahA.N pAp to bahut utpanna karate hai.n aur dharmakA ki.nchit sAdhan nahI.n hai. vahA.N dharma
mAnate hai.n so sab kudharma hai.
tathA kitane hI sharIrako to klesh utpanna karate hai.n, aur vahA.N hi.nsAdik utpanna karate
hai.n va kaShAyAdirUp pravartate hai.n. jaise pa.nchAgni tapate hai.n, so agnise ba.De-ChoTe jIv jalate

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hai.n, hi.nsAdik ba.Dhte hai.n, isame.n dharma kyA huA? tathA au.ndhe mu.Nh jhUlate hai.n, UrdhvabAhu rakhate
hai.n. — ityAdi sAdhan karate hai.n, vahA.N klesh hI hotA hai. yah kuCh dharmake a.ng nahI.n hai.n.
tathA pavan-sAdhan karate hai.n vahA.N netI, dhotI ityAdi kAryo.nme.n jalAdikase hi.nsAdik utpanna
hote hai.n; koI chamatkAr utpanna ho to usase mAnAdik ba.Dhte hai.n; vahA.N ki.nchit dharmasAdhan nahI.n
hai. — ityAdik klesh to karate hai.n, viShay-kaShAy ghaTAnekA koI sAdhan nahI.n karate. antara.ngame.n
krodh, mAn, mAyA, lobhakA abhiprAy hai; vR^ithA klesh karake dharma mAnate hai.n so kudharma hai.
tathA kitane hI is lokame.n duHkh sahan na honese va paralokame.n iShTakI ichChA va apanI
pUjA ba.DhAneke artha va kisI krodhAdikase ApaghAt karate hai.n. jaise — pativiyogase agnime.n
jalakar satI kahalAtI hai, va himAlayame.n galate hai.n, kAshIme.n karau.nt lete hai.n, jIvit maraN lete
hai.n — ityAdi kAryo.nse dharma mAnate hai.n; parantu ApaghAtakA to mahAn pAp hai. yadi sharIrAdikase
anurAg ghaTA thA to tapashcharaNAdi karanA thA, mar jAneme.n kaun dharmakA a.ng huA? isaliye
ApaghAt karanA kudharma hai.
isI prakAr anya bhI bahutase kudharmake a.ng hai.n. kahA.N tak kahe.n, jahA.N viShay-kaShAy
ba.Dhte ho.n aur dharma mAne.n so sab kudharma jAnanA.
dekho, kAlakA doSh, jainadharmame.n bhI kudharmakI pravR^itti ho gayI hai. jainamatame.n jo dharma-parva
kahe hai.n vahA.N to viShay-kaShAy Cho.Dkar sa.nyamarUp pravartanA yogya hai. use to grahaN nahI.n karate
aur vratAdikakA nAm dhAraN karake vahA.N nAnA shrR^i.ngAr banAte hai.n, iShTa-bhojanAdik karate hai.n,
kutUhalAdi karate hai.n va kaShAy ba.DhAneke kArya karate hai.n, juA ityAdi mahAn pAparUp pravartate hai.n.
tathA pUjanAdi kAryo.nme.n upadesh to yah thA ki — ‘‘sAvadyalesho bahupuNyarAshau
doShAyanAla.n1 — bahut puNyasamUhame.n pApakA a.nsh doShake artha nahI.n hai. is Chal dvArA pUjA-
prabhAvanAdi kAryo.nme.n — rAtrime.n dIpakase, va anantakAyAdikake sa.ngrah dvArA, va ayatnAchAr- pravR^ittise
hi.nsAdirUp pAp to bahut utpanna karate hai.n aur stuti, bhakti Adi shubhapariNAmo.nme.n nahI.n pravartate
va tho.De pravartate hai.n; so vahA.N nukasAn bahut, naphA tho.DA yA kuCh nahI.n. aise kArya karaneme.n
to burA hI dikhanA hotA hai.
tathA jinamandir to dharmakA ThikAnA hai. vahA.N nAnA kukathA karanA, sonA ityAdi
1. pUjya.n jina.n tvArchayatojanasya, sAvadyaleshobahupuNyarAshau.
doShAyanAla.n kaNikA viShasya, na dUShikA shItashivAmburAshau..58.. (bR^ihat svaya.nbhUstotra)

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ChaThavA.N adhikAr ][ 191
pramAdarUp pravartate hai.n; tathA vahA.N bAg-bA.DI ityAdi banAkar viShay-kaShAyakA poShaN karate hai.n.
tathA lobhI puruShako guru mAnakar dAnAdik dete hai.n va unakI asatya stuti karake maha.ntapanA
mAnate hai.n. — ityAdi prakArase viShay-kaShAyo.nko ba.DhAte hai.n aur dharma mAnate hai.n; parantu jinadharma
to vItarAgabhAvarUp hai, usame.n aisI viparIt pravR^itti kAladoShase hI dekhI jAtI hai.
is prakAr kudharmasevanakA niShedh kiyA.
ab, isame.n mithyAtvabhAv kis prakAr huA so kahate hai.nH —
tattvashraddhAn karaneme.n prayojanabhUt to ek yah hai ki — rAgAdik Cho.DnA. isI bhAvakA
nAm dharma hai. yadi rAgAdik bhAvo.nko ba.DhAkar dharma mAne, vahA.N tattvashraddhAn kaise rahA; tathA
jin-Aj~nAse pratikUl huA. rAgAdikabhAv to pAp hai.n, unhe.n dharma mAnA so yah jhUThA shraddhAn
huA; isaliye kudharmake sevaname.n mithyAtvabhAv hai.
is prakAr kudev-kuguru-kushAstra sevaname.n mithyAtvabhAvakI puShTi hotI jAnakar isakA
nirUpaN kiyA.
yahI ‘‘ShaTpAhu.D.h.h’’me.n kahA hai : —
kuchChiyadeva.n dhamma.n kuchChiyali.nga.n cha ba.ndae jo du.
lajjAbhayagAravado michChAdiTThI have so hu..92.. (mokShapAhu.D.h.h)
arthaH — yadi lajjAse, bhayase, va ba.DAIse bhI kutsit devako, kutsit dharmako va kutsit
li.ngako vandatA hai to mithyAdR^iShTi hotA hai.
isaliye jo mithyAtvakA tyAg karanA chAhe vah pahale kudev, kuguru, kudharmakA tyAgI
ho. samyatvake pachchIs malo.nke tyAgame.n bhI amU.DhdR^iShTime.n va ShaDAyataname.n inhI.nkA tyAg karAyA hai;
isaliye inakA avashya tyAg karanA.
tathA kudevAdikake sevanase jo mithyAtvabhAv hotA hai so vah hi.nsAdik pApo.nse ba.DA
pAp hai. isake phalase nigod, narakAdi paryAye.n pAyI jAtI hai.n. vahA.N anantakAlaparyanta mahA
sa.nkaT pAyA jAtA hai, samyagj~nAnakI prApti mahA durlabh ho jAtI hai.
yahI ‘‘ShaTpAhu.D.h.h’’me.n kahA hai : —
kuchChiyadhammammi rao kuchChiyapAsa.nDibhattisa.njutto.
kuchChiyatava.n kuNa.nto kuchChiyagaibhAyaNo hoi..140.. (bhAvapAhu.D.h.h)

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artha : — jo kutsit dharmame.n rat hai, kutsit pAkhaNDiyo.nkI bhaktise sa.nyukta hai, kutsit
tapako karatA hai; vah jIv kutsit arthAt khoTI gatiko bhoganevAlA hotA hai.
so he bhavyo! ki.nchitmAtra lobhase va bhayase kudevAdikakA sevan karake jisase
anantakAlaparyanta mahAduHkh sahanA hotA hai aisA mithyAtvabhAv karanA yogya nahI.n hai.
jin dharmame.n yah to AmnAy hai ki pahale ba.DA pAp Chu.DAkar phi ra ChoTA pAp Chu.DAyA
hai; isaliye is mithyAtvako sapta vyasanAdikase bhI ba.DA pAp jAnakar pahale Chu.DAyA hai. isaliye
jo pApake phalase Darate hai.n; apane AtmAko duHkhasamudrame.n nahI.n DubAnA chAhate, ve jIv is
mithyAtvako avashya Cho.Do; nindA – prasha.nsAdikake vichArase shithil honA yogya nahI.n hai. kyo.nki
nItime.n bhI aisA kahA haiH —
nindantu nItinipuNA yadi vA stuvantu
lakShmIH samAvishatu gachChatu vA yatheShTam.
adyaiv vAstu maraNa.n tu yugAntare vA
nyAyAtpathaH pravichalanti pada.n na dhIrAH..84.. (nItishatak)
koI nindA karatA hai to nindA karo, stuti karatA hai to stuti karo, lakShmI Ao
va jahA.N-tahA.N jAo, tathA abhI maraN hoo va yugAntarame.n hoo; parantu nItime.n nipuN puruSh
nyAyamArgase ek Dag bhI chalit nahI.n hote.
aisA nyAy vichArakar nindA – prasha.nsAdikake bhayase, lobhAdikase, anyAyarUp mithyAtva-
pravR^itti karanA yukta nahI.n hai.
aho! dev-guru-dharma to sarvotkR^iShTa padArtha hai.n, inake AdhArase dharma hai. iname.n shithilatA
rakhanese anya dharma kis prakAr hogA? isaliye bahut kahanese kyA? sarvathA prakArase kudev-
kuguru-kudharmakA tyAgI honA yogya hai.
kudevAdikakA tyAg na karanese mithyAtvabhAv bahut puShTa hotA hai aur vartamAname.n yahA.N
inakI pravR^itti visheSh pAyI jAtI hai; isaliye inakA niShedharUp nirUpaN kiyA hai. use jAnakar
mithyAtvabhAv Cho.Dkar apanA kalyAN karo.
iti shrI mokShamArgaprakAshak nAmak shAstrame.n kudev-kuguru-kudharma niShedh varNanarUp
ChaThavA.N adhikAr samApta huA..6..
❁

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 193
sAtavA.N adhikAr
jain mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nkA vivechan
dohAH — is bhavatarukA mUl ik, jAnahu mithyAbhAv.
tAkau.n kari nirmUl ab, karie mokSha upAv..
ab, jo jIv jain hai.n, jin-Aj~nA ko mAnate hai.n aur unake mithyAtva rahatA hai,
usakA varNan karate hai.n — kyo.nki is mithyAtva bairIkA a.nsh bhI burA hai, isaliye sUkShma mithyAtva
bhI tyAgane yogya hai.
vahA.N jinAgamame.n nishchay-vyavahArarUp varNan hai. uname.n yathArthakA nAm nishchay hai,
upachArakA nAm vyavahAr hai. inake svarUpako na jAnate hue anyathA pravartate hai.n, vahI kahate
hai.n : —
nishchayAbhAsI mithyAdR^iShTi
kitane hI jIv nishchayako na jAnate hue nishchayAbhAsake shraddhAnI hokar apaneko
mokShamArgI mAnate hai.n, apane AtmAkA siddhasamAn anubhav karate hai.n, Ap pratyakSha sa.nsArI hai.n,
bhramase apaneko siddha mAnate hai.n, vahI mithyAdR^iShTi hai.n.
shAstro.nme.n jo siddha samAn AtmAko kahA hai vah dravyadR^iShTise kahA hai, paryAy-apekShA
siddha samAn nahI.n hai. jaise — rAjA aur ra.nk manuShyapanekI apekShA samAn hai.n, parantu rAjApane
aur ra.nkapanekI apekShAse to samAn nahI.n hai.n; usI prakAr siddha aur sa.nsArI jIvatvapanekI apekShA
samAn hai.n, parantu siddhapane aur sa.nsArIpanekI apekShA to samAn nahI.n hai.n. tathApi ye to jaise
siddha shuddha hai.n, vaisA hI apaneko shuddha mAnate hai.n. parantu vah shuddha-ashuddha avasthA paryAy
hai; is paryAy-apekShA samAnatA mAnI jAye to yahI mithyAdR^iShTi hai.
tathA apaneko kevalaj~nAnAdikakA sadbhAv mAnate hai.n, parantu apaneko to kShayopashamarUp
mati-shrutAdi j~nAnakA sadbhAv hai, kShAyikabhAv to karmakA kShay hone par hotA hai aur ye bhramase
karmakA kShay hue binA hI kShAyikabhAv mAnate hai.n, so yahI mithyAdR^iShTi hai.

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shAstro.nme.n sarva jIvo.nkA kevalaj~nAnasvabhAv kahA hai, vah shakti apekShAse kahA hai; kyo.nki
sarva jIvo.nme.n kevalaj~nAnAdirUp honekI shakti hai, vartamAn vyakttatA to vyakta hone par hI kahI
jAtI hai.
koI aisA mAnatA hai ki AtmAke pradesho.nme.n to kevalaj~nAn hI hai, Upar AvaraN honese
pragaT nahI.n hotA, so yah bhram hai. yadi kevalaj~nAn ho to vajrapaTalAdi A.De hone par bhI
vastuko jAnatA hai; karma A.De Ane par vah kaise aTakegA? isaliye karmake nimittase
kevalaj~nAnakA abhAv hI hai. yadi isakA sarvadA sadbhAv rahatA to ise pAriNAmikabhAv kahate,
parantu yah to kShAyikabhAv hai. ‘sarvabhed jisame.n garbhit hai.n aisA chaitanyabhAv, so pAriNAmikabhAv
hai.’ isakI anek avasthAe.N matij~nAnAdirUp va kevalaj~nAnAdirUp hai.n, so yah pAriNAmikabhAv
nahI.n hai.n. isaliye kevalaj~nAnakA sarvadA sadbhAv nahI.n mAnatA.
tathA shAstro.nme.n jo sUryakA dR^iShTAnta diyA hai usakA itanA hI bhAv lenA ki jaise meghapaTal
hote hue sUryakA prakAsh pragaT nahI.n hotA, usI prakAr karmauday hote hue kevalaj~nAn nahI.n
hotA. tathA aise bhAv nahI.n lenA ki jaise sUryame.n prakAsh rahatA hai vaise AtmAme.n kevalaj~nAn
rahatA hai; kyo.nki dR^iShTAnta sarva prakArase milatA nahI.n hai. jaise — pudgalame.n varNaguN hai, usakI
harit – pItAdi avasthAe.N hai.n, so vartamAname.n koI avasthA hone par anya avasthAkA abhAv
hai; usI prakAr AtmAme.n chaitanyaguN hai, usakI matij~nAnAdirUp avasthAe.N hai.n, so vartamAname.n koI
avasthA hone par anya avasthAkA abhAv hI hai.
tathA koI kahe ki AvaraN nAm to vastuko AchChAdit karanekA hai; kevalaj~nAnakA
sadbhAv nahI.n hai to kevalaj~nAnAvaraN kisaliye kahate ho?
uttaraH — yahA.N shakti hai, use vyakta na hone de; is apekShA AvaraN kahA hai. jaise —
deshachAritrakA abhAv hone par shakti ghAtanekI apekShA apratyAkhyAnAvaraN kaShAy kahA, usI
prakAr jAnanA.
tathA aisA jAnanA ki vastume.n paranimittase jo bhAv ho usakA nAm aupAdhikabhAv
hai aur paranimittake binA jo bhAv ho usakA nAm svabhAvabhAv hai. jaise — jalako agnikA
nimitta hone par uShNapanA huA, vahA.N shItalapanekA abhAv hI hai; parantu agnikA nimitta miTane
par shItalatA hI ho jAtI hai; isaliye sadAkAl jalakA svabhAv shItal kahA jAtA hai, kyo.nki
aisI shakti sadA pAyI jAtI hai aur vyakta hone par svabhAv vyakta huA kahate hai.n. kadAchit
vyaktarUp hotA hai. usI prakAr AtmAko karmakA nimitta hone par anyarUp huA, vahA.N

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 195
kevalaj~nAnakA abhAv hI hai; parantu karmakA nimitta miTane par sarvadA kevalaj~nAn ho jAtA hai;
isasiye sadAkAl AtmAkA svabhAv kevalaj~nAn kahA jAtA hai, kyo.nki aisI shakti sadA pAyI
jAtI hai. vyakta hone par svabhAv vyakta huA kahA jAtA hai.
tathA jaise shItal svabhAvake kAraN uShNa jalako shItal mAnakar pAnAdi kare to jalanA
hI hogA; usI prakAr kevalaj~nAnasvabhAvake kAraN ashuddha AtmAko kevalaj~nAnI mAnakar anubhav
kare to duHkhI hogA.
isaprakAr jo AtmAkA kevalaj~nAnAdirUp anubhav karate hai.n ve mithyAdR^iShTi hai.n.
tathA rAgAdik bhAv apaneko pratyakSha hone par bhI bhramase AtmAko rAgAdirahit mAnate
hai.n. so pUChate hai.n ki ye rAgAdik to hote dikhAI dete hai.n, ye kis dravyake astitvame.n hai.n?
yadi sharIr yA karmarUp pudgalake astitvame.n ho.n to ye bhAv achetan yA mUrtik ho.nge; parantu
ye rAgAdik to pratyakSha chetanatAsahit amUrtak bhAv bhAsit hote hai.n. isaliye ye bhAv AtmAke
hI hai.n.
yahI samayasAr kalashame.n kahA hai : —
kAryatvAdakR^ita.n na karma na cha tajjIvaprakR^ityordvayo —
raj~nAyAH prakR^i te svakAryaphalabhugbhAvAnuSha.ngAtkR^itiH.
naikasyAH prakR^iterachittvalasanAjjIvo.asya kartA tato
jIvasyaiv cha karma tachchidanuga.n j~nAtA na yatpudgalaH..203..
isakA artha yah hai — rAgAdirUp bhAvakarma hai so kisIke dvArA nahI.n kiyA gayA aisA
nahI.n hai, kyo.nki yah kAryabhUt hai. tathA jIv aur karmaprakR^iti in dono.nkA bhI kartavya nahI.n
hai, kyo.nki aisA ho to achetan karmaprakR^itiko bhI us bhAvakarmakA phal — sukh-duHkhakA bhoganA
hogA; so yah asambhav hai. tathA akelI karmaprakR^itikA bhI yah kartavya nahI.n hai, kyo.nki
usake achetanapanA pragaT hai. isaliye is rAgAdikakA jIv hI kartA hai aur yah rAgAdik
jIvakA hI karma hai; kyo.nki bhAvakarma to chetanAkA anusArI hai, chetanA binA nahI.n hotA, aur
pudgal j~nAtA hai nahI.n.
isaprakAr rAgAdibhAv jIvake astitvame.n hai.n.
ab, jo rAgAdibhAvo.nkA nimitta karmako hI mAnakar apaneko rAgAdikakA akartA mAnate
hai.n ve kartA to Ap hai.n; parantu Apako nirudyamI hokar pramAdI rahanA hai, isaliye karmakA
hI doSh ThaharAte hai.n, so yah duHkhadAyak bhram hai.

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aisA hI samayasArake kalashame.n kahA hai : —
rAgajanmani nimittatA.n paradravyamev kalayanti ye tu te.
uttaranti na hi mohavAhinI.n shuddhabodhavidhurAndhabuddhayaH..221..
isakA arthaH — jo jIv rAgAdikakI utpattime.n paradravyakA hI nimittapanA mAnate hai.n,
ve jIv - shuddhaj~nAnase rahit andhabuddhi hai jinakI — aise hote hue mohanadIke pAr nahI.n utarate
hai.n.
tathA samayasArake ‘sarvavishuddhaj~nAn adhikAr’ me.n — jo AtmAko akartA mAnatA hai aur
yah kahatA hai ki karma hI jagAte-sulAte hai.n, paraghAtakarmase hi.nsA hai, vedakarmase abrahma hai, isaliye
karma hI kartA hai — us jainIko sA.nkhyamatI kahA hai. jaise sA.nkhyamatI AtmAko shuddha mAnakar
svachChandI hotA hai, usI prakAr yah huA.
tathA is shraddhAnase yah doSh huA ki rAgAdikako apanA nahI.n jAnA, apaneko akartA
mAnA, tab rAgAdik honekA bhay nahI.n rahA tathA rAgAdikako miTAnekA upAy karanA nahI.n
rahA; tab svachChanda hokar khoTe karmo.nkA bandha karake ananta sa.nsArame.n rulatA hai.
yahA.N prashna hai ki samayasArame.n hI aisA kahA hai : —
‘‘varNAdyA vA rAgamohAdayo vA bhinnA bhAvAH sarva evAsya pu.nsaH1.’’
isakA artha : — varNAdik athavA rAgAdik bhAv hai.n ve sabhI is AtmAse bhinna hai.n.
tathA vahI.n rAgAdikako pudgalamay kahA hai, tathA anya shAstro.nme.n bhI AtmAko rAgAdikase
bhinna kahA hai; so vah kis prakAr hai?
uttar : — rAgAdikabhAv paradravyake nimittase aupAdhikabhAv hote hai.n, aur yah jIv
unhe.n svabhAv jAnatA hai. jise svabhAv jAne use burA kaise mAnegA? usake nAshakA udyam
kisaliye karegA? isaliye yah shraddhAn bhI viparIt hai. use Chu.DAneke liye svabhAvakI apekShA
rAgAdikako bhinna kahA hai aur nimittakI mukhyatAse pudgalamay kahA hai. jaise — vaidya rog
miTAnA chAhatA hai; yadi shItakI adhikatA dekhatA hai tab uShNa auShadhi batalAtA hai, aur
yadi AtApakI adhikatA dekhatA hai tab shItal auShadhi batalAtA hai. usI prakAr shrIguru
rAgAdik Chu.DAnA chAhate hai.n; jo rAgAdikako parakA mAnakar svachChanda hokar nirudyamI hotA
1. varNAdyA vA rAgamohAdayo vA bhinnA bhAvAH sarva evAsya pu.nsaH.
tenaivAntastattvataH pashyato.abhI no dR^iShTAH syurdR^iShTameka.n para.n syAt..(samayasAr kalash 37)

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hai, use upAdAnakAraNakI mukhyatAse rAgAdik AtmAke hai.n — aisA shraddhAn karAyA hai; tathA jo
rAgAdikako apanA svabhAv mAnakar unake nAshakA udyam nahI.n karatA, use nimittakAraNakI
mukhyatAse rAgAdik parabhAv hai.n — aisA shraddhAn karAyA hai.
dono.n viparIt shraddhAno.nse rahit hone par satya shraddhAn hogA tab aisA mAnegA ki ye
rAgAdik bhAv AtmAkA svabhAv to nahI.n hai.n, karmake nimittase AtmAke astitvame.n vibhAv
paryAyarUpase utpanna hote hai.n, nimitta miTane par inakA nAsh honese svabhAvabhAv rah jAtA hai;
isaliye inake nAshakA udyam karanA.
yahA.N prashna hai ki — yadi karmake nimittase hote hai.n to karmakA uday rahegA tab tak
yah vibhAv dUr kaise ho.nge? isaliye isakA udyam karanA to nirarthak hai?
uttar : — ek kArya honeme.n anek kAraN chAhiye. uname.n jo kAraN buddhipUrvak ho.n
unhe.n to udyam karake milAye, aur abuddhipUrvak kAraN svayamev mile.n tab kAryasiddhi hotI
hai. jaise — putra honekA kAraN buddhipUrvak to vivAhAdi karanA hai, aur abuddhipUrvak bhavitavya
hai; vahA.N putrakA arthI vivAhAdikA to udyam kare, aur bhavitavya svayamev ho tab putra hogA.
usI prakAr vibhAv dUr karaneke kAraN buddhipUrvak to tattvavichArAdi hai.n, aur abuddhipUrvak
mohakarmake upashamAdik hai.n, so usakA arthI tattvavichArAdikakA to udyam kare, aur mohakarmake
upashamAdik svayamev ho.n tab rAgAdik dUr hote hai.n.
yahA.N aisA kahate hai.n ki jaise vivAhAdik bhI bhavitavya AdhIn hai.n; usI prakAr
tattvavichArAdik bhI karmake kShayopashamAdikake AdhIn hai.n; isaliye udyam karanA nirarthak hai?
uttaraH — j~nAnAvaraNakA to kShayopasham tattvavichArAdik karane yogya tere huA hai; isaliye
upayogako vahA.N lagAnekA udyam karAte hai.n. asa.nj~nI jIvo.nke kShayopasham nahI.n hai, to unhe.n
kisaliye upadesh de.n?
tab vah kahatA hai — honahAr ho to vahA.N upayog lage, binA honahAr kaise lage?
uttar : — yadi aisA shraddhAn hai to sarvatra kisI bhI kAryakA udyam mat kara. tU
khAn-pAn-vyApArAdikakA to udyam karatA hai aur yahA.N honahAr batalAtA hai. isase mAlUm
hotA hai ki terA anurAg yahA.N nahI.n hai, mAnAdikase aisI jhUThI bAte.n banAtA hai.
isaprakAr jo rAgAdik hote hue AtmAko unase rahit mAnate hai.n, unhe.n mithyAdR^iShTi
jAnanA.
tathA karma – nokarmakA sambandha hote hue AtmAko nirbandha mAnate hai.n, so inakA bandhan

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198 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
pratyakSha dekhA jAtA hai. j~nAnAvaraNAdikase j~nAnAdikakA ghAt dekhA jAtA hai, sharIr dvArA usake
anusAr avasthAe.N hotI dekhI jAtI hai.n, phi ra bandhan kaise nahI.n hai? yadi bandhan na ho to
mokShamArgI inake nAshakA udyam kisaliye kare?
yahA.N koI kahe ki shAstro.nme.n AtmAko karma – nokarmase bhinna abaddhaspR^iShTa kahA hai?
uttaraH — sambandha anek prakArake hai.n. vahA.N tAdAtmyasambandhakI apekShA AtmAko karma –
nokarmase bhinna kahA hai, kyo.nki dravya palaTakar ek nahI.n ho jAte, aur isI apekShAse abaddhaspR^iShTa
kahA hai. athavA nimitta-naimittik sambandhakI apekShA bandhan hai hI, unake nimittase AtmA
anek avasthAe.N dhAraN karatA hI hai; isaliye apaneko sarvathA nirbandha mAnanA mithyAdR^iShTi hai.
yahA.N koI kahe ki hame.n to bandha-muktikA vikalpa karanA nahI.n, kyo.nki shAstrame.n aisA
kahA hai : —
‘‘jai baddhau mukkau muNahi so ba.ndhiyahi Nibha.ntu1.
artha : — jo jIv ba.NdhA aur mukta huA mAnatA hai vah niHsandeh ba.NdhatA hai.
usase kahate hai.nH — jo jIv keval paryAyadR^iShTi hokar bandha-mukta avasthAko hI mAnate
hai.n, dravyasvabhAvakA grahaN nahI.n karate; unhe.n aisA upadesh diyA hai ki dravyasvabhAvako na jAnatA
huA jo jIv ba.NdhA-mukta huA mAnatA hai vah ba.NdhatA hai. tathA yadi sarvathA hI bandha-mukti
na ho to yah jIv ba.NdhatA hai — aisA kyo.n kahe.n? tathA bandhake nAshakA – mukta honekA udyam
kisaliye kiyA jAye? aur kisaliye AtmAnubhav kiyA jAye? isaliye dravyadR^iShTise ek dashA
hai aur paryAyadR^iShTise anek avasthAe.N hotI hai.n — aisA mAnanA yogya hai.
aise hI anek prakArase keval nishchayanayake abhiprAyase viruddha shraddhAnAdi karatA hai.
jinavANIme.n to nAnA nayo.nkI apekShAse kahI.n kaisA, kahI.n kaisA nirUpaN kiyA hai; yah
apane abhiprAyase nishchayanayakI mukhyatAse jo kathan kiyA ho — usIko grahaN karake mithyAdR^iShTi
dhAraN karatA hai.
tathA jinavANIme.n to samyagdarshan-j~nAn-chAritrakI ekatA hone par mokShamArga kahA hai; so
isake samyagdarshan-j~nAname.n sAt tattvo.nkA shraddhAn aur jAnanA honA chAhiye so unakA vichAr nahI.n
hai, aur chAritrame.n rAgAdik dUr karanA chAhiye usakA udyam nahI.n hai; ek apane AtmAke shuddha
1. jai baddhau mukkau muNahi to ba.ndhiyahi Nibha.ntu.
sahaj-sarUvai jai ramahi to pAvahi siv sa.ntu..(yogasAr, dohA 87)

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 199
anubhavanako hI mokShamArga jAnakar santuShTa huA hai. usakA abhyAs karaneko antara.ngame.n aisA
chi.ntavan karatA rahatA hai ki ‘mai.n siddhasamAn shuddha hU.N, kevalaj~nAnAdi sahit hU.N, dravyakarma-nokarma
rahit hU.N, paramAna.ndamay hU.N, janma-maraNAdi duHkh mere nahI.n hai.n’; ityAdi chi.ntavan karatA hai.
so yahA.N pUChate hai.n ki yah chi.ntavan yadi dravyadR^iShTise karate ho to dravya to shuddha-
ashuddha sarva paryAyo.nkA samudAy hai; tum shuddha hI anubhavan kisaliye karate ho? aur paryAyadR^iShTise
karate ho to tumhAre to vartamAn ashuddha paryAy hai; tum apaneko shuddha kaise mAnate ho?
tathA yadi shaktiapekShA shuddha mAnate ho to ‘‘mai.n aisA hone yogya hU.N — aisA mAno; ‘mai.n
aisA hU.N’ — aisA kyo.n mAnate ho? isaliye apaneko shuddharUp chi.ntavan karanA bhram hai. kAraN
ki tumane apaneko siddhasamAn mAnA to yah sa.nsAr-avasthA kisakI hai? aur tumhAre kevalaj~nAnAdi
hai.n to yah matij~nAnAdik kisake hai.n? aur dravyakarma, nokarmarahit ho to j~nAnAdikakI vyakttatA
kyo.n nahI.n hai? paramAnandamay ho to ab kartavya kyA rahA? janma-maraNAdi duHkh nahI.n hai.n to
duHkhI kaise hote ho? — isaliye anya avasthAme.n anya avasthA mAnanA bhram hai.
yahA.N koI kahe ki shAstrame.n shuddha chi.ntavan karanekA upadesh kaise diyA hai?
uttaraH — ek to dravya-apekShA shuddhapanA hai, ek paryAy-apekShA shuddhapanA hai. vahA.N dravya-
apekShA to paradravyase bhinnapanA aur apane bhAvo.nse abhinnapanA — usakA nAm shuddhapanA hai.
aur paryAy-apekShA aupAdhikabhAvo.nkA abhAv honekA nAm shuddhapanA hai. so shuddha chi.ntavaname.n
dravya-apekShA shuddhapanA grahaN kiyA hai. vahI samayasAr vyAkhyAme.n kahA hai : —
‘‘eSh evAsheShadravyAntarabhAvebhyo bhinnatvenopAsyamAnaH shuddha ityabhilapyate.’’
(gAthA – 6kI TIkA)
isakA artha yah hai ki AtmA pramatta-apramatta nahI.n hai. so yahI samasta paradravyo.nke
bhAvo.nse bhinnapane dvArA sevan kiyA gayA shuddha aisA kahA jAtA hai.
tathA vahI.n aisA kahA hai : —
‘‘samastakArakachakraprakriyottIrNanirmalAnubhUtimAtratvAchChuddhaH’’
(gAthA 73kI TIkA)
arthaH — samasta hI kartA, karma Adi kArako.nke samUhakI prakriyAse pAra.ngat aisI nirmal
anubhUti, jo abhedaj~nAn tanmAtra hai, usase shuddha hai. isaliye aisA shuddha shabdakA artha jAnanA.
tathA isIprakAr keval shabdakA artha jAnanA — ‘jo parabhAvase bhinna niHkeval Ap

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200 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
hI’ — usakA nAm keval hai. isI prakAr anya yathArtha arthakA avadhAraN karanA.
paryAy-apekShA shuddhapanA mAnanese tathA apaneko kevalI mAnanese mahAviparItatA hotI hai,
isaliye apaneko dravya-paryAyarUp avalokan karanA. dravyase sAmAnyasvarUp avalokan karanA,
paryAyame.n avasthA-visheSh avadhAraN karanA.
isI prakAr chi.ntavan karanese samyagdR^iShTi hotA hai, kyo.nki sachchA avalokan kiye binA
samyagdR^iShTi nAm kaise prApta kare?
nishchayAbhAsIkI svachChandatA aur usakA niShedh
tathA mokShamArgame.n to rAgAdik miTAnekA shraddhA – j~nAn – AcharaN karanA hai; vah to vichAr
hI nahI.n hai, apane shuddha anubhavaname.n hI apaneko samyagdR^iShTi mAnakar anya sarva sAdhano.nkA niShedh
karatA hai.
shAstrAbhyAs karanA nirarthak batalAtA hai, dravyAdikake tathA guNasthAn-mArgaNA-
trilokAdikake vichArako vikalpa ThaharAtA hai, tapashcharaN karaneko vR^ithA klesh karanA mAnatA hai,
vratAdik dhAraN karaneko bandhaname.n pa.DnA ThaharAtA hai, pUjanAdik kAryo.nko shubhAsrav jAnakar
hey prarUpit karatA hai; — ityAdi sarvasAdhano.nko uThAkar pramAdI hokar pariNamit hotA hai.
yadi shAstrAbhyAs nirarthak ho to muniyo.nke bhI to dhyAn aur adhyayan do hI kArya
mukhya hai.n. dhyAname.n upayog na lage tab adhyayaname.n hI.n upayogako lagAte hai.n, bIchame.n anya
sthAn upayog lagAne yogya nahI.n hai.n. tathA shAstrAbhyAs dvArA tattvo.nko visheSh jAnanese
samyagdarshan-j~nAn nirmal hotA hai. tathA vahA.N jab tak upayog rahe tab tak kaShAy manda
rahe aur AgAmI vItarAgabhAvo.nkI vR^iddhi ho; aise kAryako nirarthak kaise mAne.n?
tathA vah kahatA hai ki jin shAstro.nme.n adhyAtma-upadesh hai unakA abhyAs karanA, anya
shAstro.nke abhyAsase koI siddhi nahI.n hai.
usase kahate hai.n — yadi tere sachchI dR^iShTi huI hai to sabhI jainashAstra kAryakArI hai.n. vahA.N
bhI mukhyataH adhyAtma-shAstro.nme.n to AtmasvarUpakA mukhya kathan hai; so samyagdR^iShTi hone par
AtmasvarUpakA nirNay to ho chukA, tab to j~nAnakI nirmalatAke artha va upayogako mandakaShAyarUp
rakhaneke artha anya shAstro.nkA abhyAs mukhya chAhiye. tathA AtmasvarUpakA nirNay huA hai, use
spaShTa rakhaneke artha adhyAtma-shAstro.nkA bhI abhyAs chAhiye; parantu anya shAstro.nme.n aruchi to nahI.n
honA chAhiye. jisako anya shAstro.nkI aruchi hai use adhyAtmakI ruchi sachchI nahI.n hai.

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 201
jaise jisake viShayAsaktapanA ho — vah viShayAsakta puruSho.nkI kathA bhI ruchipUrvak sune
va viShayake visheShako bhI jAne va viShayake AcharaName.n jo sAdhan ho.n unhe.n bhI hitarUp mAne
va viShayake svarUpako bhI pahichAne; usI prakAr jisake Atmaruchi huI ho — vah Atmaruchike
dhArak tIrtha.nkarAdike purANo.nko bhI jAne tathA AtmAke visheSh jAnaneke liye guNasthAnAdikako
bhI jAne. tathA Atma-AcharaName.n jo vratAdik sAdhan hai.n unako bhI hitarUp mAne tathA AtmAke
svarUpako bhI pahichAne. isaliye chAro.n hI anuyog kAryakArI hai.n.
tathA unakA achChA j~nAn honeke artha shabda – nyAyashAstrAdikako bhI jAnanA chAhiye.
isaliye apanI shaktike anusAr sabhIkA tho.DA yA bahut abhyAs karanA yogya hai.
phi ra vah kahatA hai — ‘padmanandi pachchIsI’1 me.n aisA kahA hai ki AtmasvarUpase nikalakar
bAhya shAstro.nme.n buddhi vicharatI hai, so vah buddhi vyabhichAriNI hai?
uttar : — yah satya kahA hai. buddhi to AtmAkI hai; use Cho.Dkar paradravya – shAstro.nme.n
anurAginI huI; use vyabhichAriNI hI kahA jAtA hai.
parantu jaise strI shIlavatI rahe to yogya hI hai, aur na rahA jAy tab uttam puruShako
Cho.Dkar chA.nDAlAdikakA sevan karanese to atyanta nindanIy hogI; usI prakAr buddhi
AtmasvarUpame.n pravarte to yogya hI hai, aur na rahA jAy to prashasta shAstrAdi paradravyo.nko Cho.Dkar
aprashasta viShayAdime.n lage to mahAnindanIy hI hogI. so muniyo.nkI bhI svarUpame.n bahut kAl
buddhi nahI.n rahatI, to terI kaise rahA kare?
isaliye shAstrAbhyAsame.n upayog lagAnA yogya hai.
tathA yadi dravyAdikake aur guNasthAnAdikake vichArako vikalpa ThaharAtA hai, so vikalpa
to hai; parantu nirvikalpa upayog na rahe tab in vikalpo.nko na kare to anya vikalpa ho.nge,
ve bahut rAgAdi garbhit hote hai.n. tathA nirvikalpadashA sadA rahatI nahI.n hai; kyo.nki ChadmasthakA
upayog ekarUp utkR^iShTa rahe to antarmurhUt rahatA hai.
tathA tU kahegA ki mai.n AtmasvarUpakA hI chi.ntavan anek prakAr kiyA karU.NgA; so
sAmAnya chi.ntavaname.n to anek prakAr banate nahI.n hai.n, aur visheSh karegA to dravya-guN-paryAy,
guNasthAn, mArgaNA, shuddha-ashuddha avasthA ityAdi vichAr hogA.
1. bAhyashAstragahane vihAriNI yA matirbahuvikalpadhAriNI.
chitsvarUpakulasadmanirgatA sA satI na sadR^ishI kuyoShitA..38..(sadbodhachandrodayaH adhikAr)

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aur sun, keval Atmaj~nAnase hI to mokShamArga hotA nahI.n hai. sAt tattvo.nkA shraddhAn-
j~nAn hone par tathA rAgAdik dUr karane par mokShamArga hogA. so sAt tattvo.nke visheSh jAnaneko
jIv-ajIvake visheSh tathA karmake Asrav-bandhAdikake visheSh avashya jAnane yogya hai.n, jinase
samyagdarshan-j~nAnakI prApti ho.
aur vahA.N pashchAt rAgAdik dUr karanA. so jo rAgAdik ba.DhAneke kAraN hai.n unhe.n
Cho.Dkar — jo rAgAdik ghaTAneke kAraN ho.n vahA.N upayogako lagAnA. so dravyAdik aur
guNasthAnAdikake vichAr rAgAdik ghaTAneke kAraN hai.n. iname.n koI rAgAdikakA nimitta nahI.n
hai. isaliye samyagdR^iShTi honeke pashchAt bhI yahA.N hI upayog lagAnA.
phi ra vah kahatA hai ki rAgAdi miTAneke kAraN ho.n iname.n to upayog lagAnA — parantu
trilokavartI jIvo.nkI gati AdikA vichAr karanA; karmake bandha, uday, sattAdike bahut visheSh
jAnanA tathA trilokake AkAr – pramANAdik jAnanA; — ityAdi vichAr kyA kAryakArI hai.n?
uttaraH — inake bhI vichAr karanese rAgAdik ba.Dhte nahI.n hai.n, kyo.nki ve j~ney isako
iShTa-aniShTarUp hai.n nahI.n, isaliye vartamAn rAgAdikake kAraN nahI.n hai.n. tathA inako visheSh jAnanese
tattvaj~nAn nirmal ho, isaliye AgAmI rAgAdik ghaTAneko hI kAraN hai.n, isaliye kAryakArI
hai.n.
phi ra vah kahatA hai — svarga-narakAdiko jAne vahA.N to rAg-dveSh hotA hai?
samAdhAnaH — j~nAnIke to aisI buddhi hotI nahI.n hai, aj~nAnIke hotI hai. vahA.N pAp
Cho.Dkar puNya-kAryame.n lage vahA.N ki.nchit rAgAdik ghaTate hI hai.n.
phi ra vah kahatA hai — shAstrame.n aisA upadesh hai ki prayojanabhUt tho.DA hI jAnanA
kAryakArI hai, isaliye bahut vikalpa kisaliye kare.n?
uttaraH — jo jIv anya bahut jAnate hai.n aur prayojanabhUtako nahI.n jAnate; athavA
jinakI bahut jAnanekI shakti nahI.n, unhe.n yah upadesh diyA hai. tathA jisakI bahut jAnanekI
shakti ho usase to yah nahI.n kahA ki bahut jAnanese burA hogA? jitanA bahut jAnegA
utanA prayojanabhUt jAnanA nirmal hogA. kyo.nki shAstrame.n aisA kahA hai : —
‘‘sAmAnyashAstrato nUna.n visheSho balavAn bhavet.’’
isakA artha yah haiH — sAmAnya shAstrase visheSh balavAn hai. visheShase hI achChI tarah
nirNay hotA hai, isaliye visheSh jAnanA yogya hai.