Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (itrans transliteration).

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 223

vahA.N vah pUChatA hai — aisA hai to j~nAnIse aj~nAnIke bhaktikI adhikatA hotI hogI?

uttaraH — yathArthatAkI apekShA to j~nAnIke sachchI bhakti hai, aj~nAnIke nahI.n hai aur

rAgabhAvakI apekShA aj~nAnIke shraddhAname.n bhI use muktikA kAraN jAnanese ati anurAg hai, j~nAnIke
shraddhAname.n shubhabandhakA kAraN jAnanese vaisA anurAg nahI.n hai. bAhyame.n kadAchit j~nAnIko anurAg
bahut hotA hai, kabhI aj~nAnIko hotA hai — aisA jAnanA.

is prakAr devabhaktikA svarUp batalAyA.

gurubhaktikA anyathArUp

ab, gurubhakti usake kaisI hotI hai so kahate hai.nH —

kitane hI jIv Aj~nAnusArI hai.n. ve to — yah jainake sAdhu hai.n, hamAre guru hai.n, isaliye

inakI bhakti karanI — aisA vichArakar unakI bhakti karate hai.n aur kitane hI jIv parIkShA

bhI karate hai.n. vahA.N yah muni dayA pAlate hai.n, shIl pAlate hai.n, dhanAdi nahI.n rakhate, upavAsAdi
tap karate hai.n, kShudhAdi parIShah sahate hai.n, kisIse krodhAdi nahI.n karate hai.n, upadesh dekar auro.nko
dharmame.n lagAte hai.n — ityAdi guNo.nkA vichAr kar uname.n bhaktibhAv karate hai.n. parantu aise guN

to paramaha.nsAdik anyamatiyo.nme.n tathA jainI mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nme.n bhI pAye jAte hai.n, isaliye iname.n
ativyAptipanA hai. inake dvArA sachchI parIkShA nahI.n hotI.

tathA jin guNo.nkA vichAr karate hai.n uname.n kitane hI jIvAshrit hai.n, kitane hI

pudgalAshrit hai.n; unake visheSh na jAnate hue asamAnajAtIy muniparyAyame.n ekatvabuddhise mithyAdR^iShTi
hI rahate hai.n. tathA samyagdarshan-j~nAn-chAritrakI ekatArUp mokShamArga vah hI muniyo.nkA sachchA lakShaN
hai use nahI.n pahichAnate. kyo.nki yah pahichAn ho jAye to mithyAdR^iShTi rahate nahI.n. isaprakAr
yadi muniyo.nkA sachchA svarUp hI nahI.n jAne.nge to sachchI bhakti kaise hogI? puNyabandhake kAraNabhUt
shubhakriyArUp guNo.nko pahichAnakar unakI sevAse apanA bhalA honA jAnakar uname.n anurAgI
hokar bhakti karate hai.n.

isaprakAr gurubhaktikA svarUp kahA.

shAstrabhaktikA anyathArUp

ab, shAstrabhaktikA svarUp kahate hai.nH —

kitane hI jIv to yah kevalI bhagavAnakI vANI hai, isaliye kevalIke pUjyapaneke

kAraN yah bhI pUjya hai — aisA jAnakar bhakti karate hai.n. tathA kitane hI isaprakAr parIkShA

karate hai.n ki in shAstro.nme.n virAgatA, dayA, kShamA, shIl, sa.ntoShAdikakA nirUpaN hai; isaliye

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224 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

yah utkR^iShTa hai.n — aisA jAnakar bhakti karate hai.n. so aisA kathan to anya shAstra vedAntAdikame.n

bhI pAyA jAtA hai.

tathA in shAstro.nme.n trilokAdikakA gambhIr nirUpaN hai, isaliye utkR^iShTatA jAnakar bhakti

karate hai.n. parantu yahA.N anumAnAdikakA to pravesh hai.n nahI.n, isaliye satya-asatyakA nirNay karake
mahimA kaise jAne.n? isaliye isaprakAr sachchI parIkShA nahI.n hotI. yahA.N to anekAntarUp sachche
jIvAditattvo.nkA nirUpaN hai aur sachchA ratnatrayarUp mokShamArga dikhalAyA hai. usIse jainashAstro.nkI
utkR^iShTatA hai, use nahI.n pahichAnate. kyo.nki yah pahichAn ho jAye to mithyAdR^iShTi rahatI nahI.n.

is prakAr shAstrabhaktikA svarUp kahA.

❉

isaprakAr isako dev-guru-shAstrakI pratIti huI, isaliye vyavahArasamyaktva huA mAnatA

hai. parantu unakA sachchA svarUp bhAsit nahI.n huA hai; isaliye pratIti bhI sachchI nahI.n huI
hai. sachchI pratItike binA samyaktvakI prApti nahI.n hotI; isaliye mithyAdR^iShTi hI hai.

saptatattvakA anyathArUp

tathA shAstrame.n ‘‘tattvArthashraddhAna.n samyagdarshana.n’’ (tattvArthasUtra 1 – 2) aisA vachan kahA hai,

isaliye shAstro.nme.n jaise jIvAdi tattva likhe hai.n vaise Ap sIkh letA hai aur vahA.N upayog
lagAtA hai, auro.nko upadesh detA hai; parantu un tattvo.nkA bhAv bhAsit nahI.n hotA; aur yahA.N
us vastuke bhAvakA hI nAm tattva kahA hai. so bhAv bhAsit hue binA tattvArthashraddhAn kaise
hogA? bhAv bhAsanA kyA hai? so kahate hai.nH —

jaise koI puruSh chatur honeke artha shAstra dvArA, svar, grAm, mUrChanA, rAgo.nkA svarUp

aur tAl – tAnake bhed to sIkhatA hai; parantu svarAdikA svarUp nahI.n pahichAnatA. svarUpakI

pahichAn hue binA anya svarAdiko anya svarAdi mAnatA hai, athavA satya bhI mAnatA hai to
nirNay karake nahI.n mAnatA hai; isaliye usake chaturapanA nahI.n hotA. usI prakAr koI jIv
samyaktvI honeke artha shAstra dvArA jIvAdik tattvo.nkA svarUp sIkh letA hai; parantu unake
svarUpako nahI.n pahichAnatA hai. svarUpako pahichAne binA anya tattvo.nko anya tattvarUp mAn
letA hai, athavA satya bhI mAnatA hai to nirNay karake nahI.n mAnatA; isaliye usake samyaktva
nahI.n hotA. tathA jaise koI shAstrAdi pa.DhA ho yA na pa.DhA ho; parantu svarAdike svarUpako
pahichAnatA hai to vah chatur hI hai. usI prakAr shAstra pa.DhA ho yA na pa.DhA ho; yadi
jIvAdikake svarUpako pahichAnatA hai to vah samyagdR^iShTi hI hai. jaise hiran svar – rAgAdikakA

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 225

nAm nahI.n jAnatA, parantu unake svarUpako pahichAnatA hai; usI prakAr tuchChabuddhi jIvAdikakA
nAm nahI.n jAnate, parantu unake svarUpako pahichAnate hai.n ki ‘yah mai.n hU.N; ye par hai, ye bhAv
bure hai.n, ye bhale hai.n’; — is prakAr svarUpako pahichAne usakA nAm bhAv bhAsanA hai. shivabhUti

muni jIvAdikakA nAm nahI.n jAnate the, aur ‘tuShamAShabhinna’1 aisA raTane lage. so yah

siddhAntakA shabda thA nahI.n; parantu sva-parake bhAvarUp dhyAn kiyA, isaliye kevalI hue. aur
gyArah a.ngake pAThI jIvAditattvo.nke visheSh bhed jAnate hai.n; parantu bhAv bhAsit nahI.n hotA,
isaliye mithyAdR^iShTi hI rahate hai.n.

ab, isake tattvashraddhAn kis prakAr hotA hai so kahate hai.nH —

jIv-ajIvatattvakA anyathArUp

jinashAstro.nse jIvake tras-sthAvarAdirUp tathA guNasthAn-mArgaNAdirUp bhedako jAnatA hai,

ajIvake pudgalAdi bhedo.nko tathA unake varNAdi visheSho.nko jAnatA hai, parantu adhyAtmashAstro.nme.n
bhedavij~nAnako kAraNabhUt va vItarAgadashA honeko kAraNabhUt jaisA nirUpaN kiyA hai vaisA nahI.n
jAnatA.

tathA kisI prasa.ngavash usI prakAr jAnanA ho jAye tab shAstrAnusAr jAn to letA

hai; parantu apaneko AparUp jAnakar parakA a.nsh bhI apaneme.n na milAnA aur apanA a.nsh
bhI parame.n na milAnA aisA sachchA shraddhAn nahI.n karatA hai. jaise anya mithyAdR^iShTi nirdhAr binA
paryAyabuddhise jAnapaneme.n va varNAdime.n aha.nbuddhi dhAraN karate hai.n; usI prakAr yah bhI AtmAshrit
j~nAnAdime.n tathA sharIrAshrit upadesh – upavAsAdi kriyAo.nme.n apanatva mAnatA hai.

tathA kabhI shAstrAnusAr sachchI bAt banAtA hai; parantu a.ntara.ng nirdhArarUp shraddhAn nahI.n

hai. isaliye jis prakAr matavAlA mAtAko mAtA bhI kahe to vah sayAnA nahI.n hai; usI
prakAr ise samyaktvI nahI.n kahate.

tathA jaise kisI aurakI hI bAte.n kar rahA ho, us prakArase AtmAkA kathan karatA

hai; parantu yah AtmA ‘mai.n hU.N’ — aisA bhAv bhAsit nahI.n hotA.

tathA jaise kisI aurako aurase bhinna batalAtA ho, us prakAr AtmA aur sharIrakI

bhinnatA prarUpit karatA hai; parantu mai.n in sharIrAdikase bhinna hU.N — aisA bhAv bhAsit nahI.n hotA.

tathA paryAyame.n jIv-pudgalake paraspar nimittase anek kriyAe.N hotI hai.n, unhe.n dono.n dravyo.nke

1. tusamAsa.n ghosa.nto bhAvavisuddho mahANubhAvo ya.

NAmeN ya sivabhUI kevalaNANI phu Da.n jAo.. (bhAvapAhu.D.h.h — 53)

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226 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

milApase utpanna huI jAnatA hai; yah jIvakI kriyA hai usakA pudgal nimitta hai, yah pudgalakI
kriyA hai usakA jIv nimitta hai — aisA bhinna-bhinna bhAv bhAsit nahI.n hotA. ityAdi bhAv

bhAsit hue binA use jIv-ajIvakA sachchA shraddhAnI nahI.n kahate; kyo.nki jIv-ajIvako
jAnanekA to yah hI prayojan thA, vah huA nahI.n.

AsravatattvakA anyathArUp

tathA Asravatattvame.n jo hi.nsAdirUp pApAsrav hai.n unhe.n hey jAnatA hai; ahi.nsAdirUp

puNyAsrav hai.n unhe.n upAdey mAnatA hai. parantu yah to dono.n hI karmabandhake kAraN hai.n iname.n
upAdeyapanA mAnanA vahI mithyAdR^iShTi hai. vahI samayasArake bandhAdhikArame.n kahA hai1: —

sarva jIvo.nke jIvan-maraN, sukh-duHkh apane karmake nimittase hote hai.n. jahA.N anya jIv

anya jIvake in kAryo.nkA kartA ho, vahI mithyAdhyavasAy bandhakA kAraN hai. vahA.N anya
jIvo.nko jilAnekA athavA sukhI karanekA adhyavasAy ho vah to puNyabandhakA kAraN hai aur
mAranekA athavA duHkhI karanekA adhyavasAy ho vah pApabandhakA kAraN hai.

is prakAr ahi.nsAvat satyAdik to puNyabandhake kAraN hai.n aur hi.nsAvat asatyAdik

pApabandhake kAraN hai.n. ye sarva mithyAdhyavasAy hai.n, ve tyAjya hai.n. isaliye hi.nsAdivat
ahi.nsAdikako bhI bandhakA kAraN jAnakar hey hI mAnanA.

hi.nsAme.n mAranekI buddhi ho, parantu usakI Ayu pUrNa hue binA maratA nahI.n hai, yah

apanI dveShapariNatise Ap hI pAp bA.NdhatA hai. ahi.nsAme.n rakShA karanekI buddhi ho, parantu usakI
Ayu avasheSh hue binA vah jItA nahI.n hai, yah apanI prashasta rAgapariNatise Ap hI puNya
bA.NdhatA hai. is prakAr yah dono.n hey hai.n; jahA.N vItarAg hokar dR^iShTAj~nAtArUp pravarte vahA.N nirbandha
hai so upAdey hai.n.

so aisI dashA na ho tab tak prashastarAgarUp pravartan karo; parantu shraddhAn to aisA

rakho ki yah bhI bandhakA kAraN hai, hey hai; shraddhAname.n ise mokShamArga jAne to mithyAdR^iShTi hI
hotA hai.

tathA mithyAtva, avirati, kaShAy, yog – ye Asravake bhed hai.n; unhe.n bAhyarUp to mAnatA

1. samayasAr gAthA 254 se 256 tathA samayasArake nimnalikhit kalash —

sarva.n sadaiv niyata.n bhavati svakIyakarmodayAnmaraNajIvitaduHkhasaukhyam.
aj~nAnametadih yattu paraH parasya kuryAtpumAnamaraNajIvitaduHkhasaukhyam..168..
aj~nAnametadadhigamya parAtparasya pashyanti ye maraNajIvitaduHkhasaukhyam.
karmmANyaha.nkR^itirasen chikIrShavaste mithyAdR^isho niyatamAtmahano bhavanti..169..

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 227

hai, parantu antara.ng in bhAvo.nkI jAtiko nahI.n pahichAnatA.

vahA.N anya devAdike sevanarUp gR^ihItamithyAtvako mithyAtva jAnatA hai, parantu anAdi

agR^ihItamithyAtva hai use nahI.n pahichAnatA.

tathA bAhya tras-sthAvarakI hi.nsA tathA indriy-manake viShayo.nme.n pravR^itti usako avirati

jAnatA hai; hi.nsAme.n pramAd-pariNati mUl hai aur viShayasevaname.n abhilAShA mUl hai, usakA avalokan
nahI.n karatA.

tathA bAhya krodhAdi karanA usako kaShAy jAnatA hai, abhiprAyame.n rAg-dveSh bas rahe

hai.n, unako nahI.n pahichAnatA.

tathA bAhya cheShTA ho use yog jAnatA hai, shaktibhUt yogo.nko nahI.n jAnatA.
is prakAr Asravo.nkA svarUp anyathA jAnatA hai.
tathA rAg-dveSh-moharUp jo AsravabhAv hai.n, unakA to nAsh karanekI chintA nahI.n aur

bAhyakriyA athavA bAhyanimitta miTAnekA upAy rakhatA hai; so unake miTAnese Asrav nahI.n
miTatA. dravyali.ngI muni anya devAdikakI sevA nahI.n karatA, hi.nsA yA viShayo.nme.n nahI.n pravartatA,
krodhAdi nahI.n karatA, man-vachan-kAyako rokatA hai; tathApi usake mithyAtvAdi chAro.n Asrav pAye
jAte hai.n. tathA kapaTase bhI ve kArya nahI.n karatA hai, kapaTase kare to graiveyakaparyanta kaise pahu.Nche?
isaliye jo antara.ng abhiprAyame.n mithyAtvAdirUp rAgAdibhAv hai.n ve hI Asrav hai.n.

unhe.n nahI.n pahichAnatA, isaliye isake AsravatattvakA bhI satya shraddhAn nahI.n hai.

bandhatattvakA anyathArUp

tathA bandhatattvame.n jo ashubhabhAvo.nse narakAdirUp pApakA bandha ho use to burA jAnatA

hai aur shubhabhAvo.nse dovAdirUp puNyakA bandha ho use bhalA jAnatA hai. parantu sabhI jIvo.nke
duHkh-sAmagrIme.n dveSh aur sukh-sAmagrIme.n rAg pAyA jAtA hai, so isake bhI rAg-dveSh karanekA
shraddhAn huA. jaisA is paryAy sambandhI sukh-duHkh sAmagrIme.n rAg-dveSh karanA hai vaisA hI AgAmI
paryAy sambandhI sukh-duHkh sAmagrIme.n rAg-dveSh karanA hai.

tathA shubh-ashubh bhAvo.nse puNya-pApakA visheSh to aghAtikarmo.nme.n hotA hai, parantu

aghAtikarma AtmaguNake ghAtak nahI.n hai.n. tathA shubh-ashubhabhAvo.nme.n ghAtikarmo.nkA to nirantar bandha
hotA hai, ve sarva pAparUp hI hai.n aur vahI AtmaguNake ghAtak hai.n. isaliye ashuddha bhAvo.nse
karmabandha hotA hai, usame.n bhalA-burA jAnanA vahI mithyA shraddhAn hai.

so aise shraddhAnase bandhakA bhI use satya shraddhAn nahI.n hai.

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sa.nvaratattvakA anyathAsvarUp

tathA sa.nvaratattvame.n ahi.nsAdirUp shubhAsravabhAvo.nko jAnatA hai. parantu ek hI kAraNase

puNyabandha bhI mAne aur sa.nvar bhI mAne vah nahI.n ho sakatA.

prashnaH — muniyo.nke ek kAlame.n ek bhAv hotA hai, vahA.N unake bandha bhI hotA hai

aur sa.nvar-nirjarA bhI hote hai.n, so kis prakAr hai?

samAdhAnaH — vah mishrarUp hai. kuCh vItarAg huA hai, kuCh sarAg rahA hai. jo a.nsh

vItarAg hue unase sa.nvar hai aur jo a.nsh sarAg rahe unase bandha hai. so ek bhAvase to
do kArya banate hai.n, parantu ek prashasta rAgase hI puNyAsrav bhI mAnanA aur sa.nvar-nirjarA bhI
mAnanA so bhram hai. mishrabhAvame.n bhI yah sarAgatA hai, yah vItarAgatA hai — aisI pahichAn

samyagdR^iShTike hotI hai, isaliye avasheSh sarAgatAko heyarUp shraddhA karatA hai. mithyAdR^iShTike aisI
pahichAn nahI.n hai, isaliye sarAgabhAvame.n sa.nvarake bhramase prashastarAgarUp kAryo.nko upAdeyarUp shraddhA
karatA hai.

tathA siddhAntame.n gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekShA, parIShahajay, chAritra — inake dvArA sa.nvar

hotA hai aisA kahA hai,1 so inakI bhI yathArtha shraddhA nahI.n karatA.

kis prakAr? so kahate hai.n : —

guptiH — bAhya man-vachan-kAyakI cheShTA miTAye, pAp-chi.ntavan na kare, maun dhAraN kare,

gamanAdi na kare; use vah gupti mAnatA hai. so yahA.N to maname.n bhakti AdirUp prashasta rAgase
nAnA vikalpa hote hai.n, vachan-kAyakI cheShTA svaya.nne rok rakhI hai; vahA.N shubhapravR^itti hai aur pravR^ittime.n
guptipanA banatA nahI.n hai; isaliye vItarAgabhAv hone par jahA.N man-vachan-kAyakI cheShTA na ho
vahI sachchI gupti hai.

samitiH — tathA parajIvo.nkI rakShAke artha yatnAchAr pravR^itti usako samiti mAnatA hai.

so hi.nsAke pariNAmo.nse to pAp hotA hai aur rakShAke pariNAmo.nse sa.nvar kahoge to puNyabandhakA
kAraN kaun ThaharegA? tathA eShaNA samitime.n doSh TAlatA hai vahA.N rakShAkA prayojan hai nahI.n;
isaliye rakShAke hI artha samiti nahI.n hai.

to samiti kaisI hotI hai? muniyo.nke ki.nchit rAg hone par gamanAdi kriyA hotI hai,

vahA.N un kriyAo.nme.n ati AsaktatAke abhAvase pramAdarUp pravR^itti nahI.n hotI. tathA anya
jIvo.nko duHkhI karake apanA gamanAdi prayojan nahI.n sAdhate, isaliye svayamev hI dayA palatI
hai. isaprakAr sachchI samiti hai.

1. sa guptisamitidharmAnuprekShApariShahajayachAritraiH. (tattvArthasUtra 9-2)

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 229

dharmaH — tathA bandhAdikake bhayase athavA svarga-mokShakI ichChAse krodhAdi nahI.n karate, parantu

vahA.N krodhAdi karanekA abhiprAy to miTA nahI.n hai. jaise — koI rAjAdikake bhayase athavA

mahantapaneke lobhase parastrIkA sevan nahI.n karatA, to use tyAgI nahI.n kahate. vaise hI yah
krodhAdikakA tyAgI nahI.n hai. to kaise tyAgI hotA hai? padArtha aniShTa-iShTa bhAsit honese
krodhAdik hote hai.n; jab tattvaj~nAnake abhyAsase koI iShTa-aniShTa bhAsit na ho, tab svayamev
hI krodhAdik utpanna nahI.n hote; tab sachchA dharma hotA hai.

anuprekShAH — tathA anityAdi chi.ntavanase sharIrAdikako burA jAn, hitakArI na jAnakar

unase udAs honA; usakA nAm anuprekShA kahatA hai. so yah to jaise koI mitra thA tab
usase rAg thA aur pashchAt usake avaguN dekhakar udAsIn huA; usI prakAr sharIrAdikase
rAg thA, pashchAt anityAdi avaguN avalokakar udAsIn huA; parantu aisI udAsInatA to
dveSharUp hai. apanA aur sharIrAdikakA jahA.N – jaisA svabhAv hai vaisA pahichAnakar, bhramako

miTAkar, bhalA jAnakar rAg nahI.n karanA aur burA jAnakar dveSh nahI.n karanA; aisI sachchI
udAsInatAke artha yathArtha anityatvAdikakA chi.ntavan karanA hI sachchI anuprekShA hai.

parIShahajayaH — tathA kShudhAdik hone par unake nAshakA upAy nahI.n karanA; use parIShah

sahanA kahatA hai. so upAy to nahI.n kiyA aur antara.ngame.n kShudhAdi aniShTa sAmagrI milanepar
duHkhI huA, rati AdikA kAraN milane par sukhI huA; to ve duHkh-sukharUp pariNAm hai.n,
vahI ArtadhyAn-raudradhyAn hai.n. aise bhAvo.nse sa.nvar kaise ho? isaliye duHkhakA kAraN milane
par duHkhI na ho aur sukhakA kAraN milane par sukhI na ho, j~neyarUpase unakA jAnanevAlA
hI rahe; vahI sachchA parIShahajay hai.

chAritraH — tathA hi.nsAdi sAvadyayogake tyAgako chAritra mAnatA hai, vahA.N mahAvratAdirUp

shubhayogako upAdeyapanese grAhya mAnatA hai. parantu tattvArthasUtrame.n Asrav padArthakA nirUpaN karate
hue mahAvrat-aNuvratako bhI AsravarUp kahA hai. ve upAdey kaise ho.n? tathA Asrav to bandhakA
sAdhak hai aur chAritra mokShakA sAdhak hai; isaliye mahAvratAdirUp AsravabhAvo.nko chAritrapanA
sa.nbhav nahI.n hotA; sakal kaShAyarahit jo udAsInabhAv usIkA nAm chAritra hai.

jo chAritramohake deshaghAtI sparddhako.nke udayase mahAmanda prashastarAg hotA hai, vah chAritrakA

mal hai. use ChUTatA na jAnakar usakA tyAg nahI.n karate, sAvadyayogakA hI tyAg karate hai.n.
parantu jaise koI puruSh kandamUlAdi bahut doShavAlI haritakAyakA tyAg karatA hai aur kitanI
hI haritakAyo.nkA bhakShaN karatA hai; parantu use dharma nahI.n mAnatA; usI prakAr muni hi.nsAdi
tIvrakaShAyarUp bhAvo.nkA tyAg karate hai.n aur kitane hI mandakaShAyarUp mahAvratAdikA pAlan karate
hai.n; parantu use mokShamArga nahI.n mAnate.

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230 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

prashnaH — yadi aisA hai to chAritrake terah bhedo.nme.n mahAvratAdi kaise kahe hai.n?

samAdhAnaH — vah vyavahArachAritra kahA hai aur vyavahAr nAm upachArakA hai. so

mahAvratAdi hone par hI vItarAgachAritra hotA hai — aisA sambandha jAnakar mahAvratAdime.n chAritrakA

upachAr kiyA hai; nishchayase niHkaShAyabhAv hai, vahI sachchA chAritra hai.

is prakAr sa.nvarake kAraNo.nko anyathA jAnate hue sa.nvarakA sachchA shraddhAnI nahI.n hotA.

nirjarAtattvakA anyathArUp

tathA yah anashanAdi tapase nirjarA mAnatA hai, parantu keval bAhya tap hI karanese to

nirjarA hotI nahI.n hai. bAhya tap to shuddhopayog ba.DhAneke artha karate hai.n. shuddhopayog nirjarAkA
kAraN hai, isaliye upachArase tapako bhI nirjarAkA kAraN kahA hai. yadi bAhya duHkh sahanA
hI nirjarAkA kAraN ho to tirya.nchAdi bhI bhUkh-tR^iShAdi sahate hai.n.

tab vah kahatA hai — ve to parAdhInatAse sahate hai.n; svAdhInatAse dharmabuddhipUrvak

upavAsAdirUp tap kare usake nirjarA hotI hai.

samAdhAnaH — dharmabuddhise bAhya upavAsAdi to kiye; aur vahA.N upayog ashubh, shubh,

shuddharUp jaisA pariNamit ho vaisA pariNamo. yadi bahut upavAsAdi karanese bahut nirjarA ho, tho.De
karanese tho.DI nirjarA ho — aisA niyam Thahare; tab to upavAsAdik hI mukhya nirjarAkA kAraN

ThaharegA; so to banatA nahI.n. pariNAm duShTa hone par upavAsAdikase nirjarA kaise sambhav hai?

yadi aisA kahe.n ki jaisA ashubh, shubh, shuddharUp upayog pariNamit ho usake anusAr

bandha-nirjarA hai; to upavAsAdi tap mukhya nirjarAkA kAraN kaise rahA? ashubh – shubhapariNAm

bandhake kAraN Thahare, shuddhapariNAm nirjarAke kAraN Thahare.

prashnaH — tattvArthasUtrame.n ‘‘tapasA nirjarA cha’’ (9-3) aisA kaise kahA hai?

samAdhAnaH — shAstrame.n ‘‘ichChAnirodhastapaH’’1 aisA kahA hai; ichChAko rokanA isakA nAm

tap hai. so shubh-ashubh ichChA miTane par upayog shuddha ho vahA.N nirjarA hai. isaliye tapase
nirjarA kahI hai.

yahA.N kahatA hai — AhArAdirUp ashubhakI to ichChA dUr hone par hI tap hotA hai;

parantu upavAsAdik va prAyashchittAdik shubhakArya hai.n inakI ichChA to rahatI hai?

1. dhavalA pustak 13, khaNDa 5, bhAg 4, sUtra 26, pR^iShTha 54

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 231

samAdhAnaH — j~nAnIjano.nko upavAsAdikakI ichChA nahI.n hai, ek shuddhopayogakI ichChA hai;

upavAsAdi karanese shuddhopayog ba.DhtA hai, isaliye upavAsAdi karate hai.n. tathA yadi upavAsAdikase
sharIr yA pariNAmo.nkI shithilatAke kAraN shuddhopayogako shithil hotA jAne.n to vahA.N AhArAdik
grahaN karate hai.n. yadi upavAsAdikase hI siddhi ho to ajitanAth Adi teIs tIrtha.nkar dIkShA
lekar do upavAs hI kyo.n dhAraN karate? unakI to shakti bhI bahut thI. parantu jaise pariNAm
hue vaise bAhyasAdhan dvArA ek vItarAg shuddhopayogakA abhyAs kiyA.

prashnaH — yadi aisA hai to anashanAdikako tap sa.nj~nA kaise huI?

samAdhAnaH — unhe.n bAhya tap kahA hai. so bAhyakA artha yah hai ki ‘bAharase auro.nko

dikhAI de ki yah tapasvI hai’; parantu Ap to phal jaise a.ntara.ng pariNAm hoge.n vaisA hI
pAyegA, kyo.nki pariNAmashUnya sharIrakI kriyA phaladAtA nahI.n hai.

yahA.N phi ra prashna hai ki shAstrame.n to akAm-nirjarA kahI hai. vahA.N binA ichChAke bhUkh-

pyAs Adi sahanese nirjarA hotI hai; to phi ra upavAsAdi dvArA kaShTa sahanese kaise nirjarA na
ho?

samAdhAnaH — akAm-nirjarAme.n bhI bAhya nimitta to binA ichChAke bhUkh-pyAsakA sahan

karanA huA hai aur vahA.N mandakaShAyarUp bhAv ho; to pApakI nirjarA hotI hai, devAdi puNyakA
bandha hotA hai. parantu yadi tIvrakaShAy hone par bhI kaShTa sahanese puNyabandha hotA ho to sarva
tirya.nchAdik dev hI ho.n, so banatA nahI.n hai. usI prakAr ichChApUrvak upavAsAdi karanese vahA.N
bhUkh-pyAsAdi kaShTa sahate hai.n, so yah bAhya nimitta hai; parantu vahA.N jaisA pariNAm ho vaisA phal
pAtA hai. jaise annako prAN kahA usI prakAra. tathA isaprakAr bAhyasAdhan honese a.ntara.ng tap
kI vR^iddhi hotI hai, isaliye upachArase inako tap kahA hai; parantu yadi bAhya tap to kare aur
a.ntara.ng tap na ho to upachArase bhI use tapasa.nj~nA nahI.n hai. kahA bhI haiH —

kaShAyaviShayAhAro tyAgo yatra vidhIyate.

upavAsaH sa vij~neyaH sheSha.n la.nghanaka.n viduH..

jahA.N kaShAy-viShay aur AhArakA tyAg kiyA jAtA hai use upavAs jAnanA, sheShako

shrIguru la.nghan kahate hai.n.

yahA.N kahegA — yadi aisA hai to ham upavAsAdi nahI.n kare.nge?

usase kahate hai.n — upadesh to U.NchA cha.Dhneko diyA jAtA hai; tU ulTA nIche giregA

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232 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

to ham kyA kare.nge? yadi tU mAnAdikase upavAsAdi karatA hai to kar yA mat kar; kuCh
siddhi nahI.n hai aur yadi dharmabuddhise AhArAdikakA anurAg Cho.DtA hai to jitanA rAg ChUTA
utanA hI ChUTA; parantu isIko tap jAnakar isase nirjarA mAnakar sa.ntuShTa mat ho.

tathA antara.ng tapo.nme.n prAyashchitta, vinay, vaiyAvR^itya, svAdhyAy, tyAg aur dhyAnarUp jo

kriyAe.N — uname.n bAhya pravartan use to bAhyatapavat hI jAnanA. jaise anashanAdi bAhya kriyA

hai.n usI prakAr yah bhI bAhya kriyA hai.n; isaliye prAyashchittAdi bAhyasAdhan antara.ng tap nahI.n
hai.n. aisA bAhya pravartan hone par jo antara.ng pariNAmo.nkI shuddhatA ho usakA nAm antara.ng
tap jAnanA.

vahA.N bhI itanA visheSh hai ki bahut shuddhatA hone par shuddhopayogarUp pariNati hotI

hai vahA.N to nirjarA hI hai; bandha nahI.n hotA aur alpa shuddhatA hone par shubhopayogakA bhI
a.nsh rahatA hai; isaliye jitanI shuddhatA huI usase to nirjarA hai aur jitanA shubhabhAv hai
usase bandha hai. aisA mishrabhAv yugapat hotA hai; vahA.N bandha aur nirjarA dono.n hote hai.n.

yahA.N koI kahe ki shubhabhAvo.nse pApakI nirjarA hotI hai, puNyakA bandha hotA hai; parantu

shuddhabhAvo.nse dono.nkI nirjarA hotI hai — aisA kyo.n nahI.n kahate?

uttar : — mokShamArgame.n sthitikA to ghaTanA sabhI prakR^itiyo.nkA hotA hai; vahA.N puNya-pApakA

visheSh hai hI nahI.n aur anubhAgakA ghaTanA puNya – prakR^itiyo.nme.n shuddhopayog se bhI nahI.n hotA.

Upar-Upar puNyaprakR^itiyo.nke anubhAgakA tIvra bandha-uday hotA hai aur pApaprakR^itiyo.nke paramANu
palaTakar shubhaprakR^itirUp hote hai.n — aisA sa.nkramaN shubh tathA shuddha dono.n bhAv hone par hotA

hai; isaliye pUrvokta niyam sa.nbhav nahI.n hai, vishuddhatAhIke anusAr niyam sa.nbhav hai.

dekho, chaturtha guNasthAnavAlA shAstrAbhyAs, Atmachi.ntavan Adi kArya kare — vahA.N bhI

nirjarA nahI.n, bandha bhI bahut hotA hai. aur pa.ncham guNasthAnavAlA upavAsAdi yA prAyashchittAdi
tap kare us kAlame.n bhI usake nirjarA tho.DI hotI hai. aur ChaThave.n guNasthAnavAlA AhAr-
vihArAdi kriyA kare us kAlame.n bhI usake nirjarA bahut hotI hai, tathA bandha usase bhI tho.DA
hotA hai.

isaliye bAhya pravR^ittike anusAr nirjarA nahI.n hai, antara.ng kaShAyashakti ghaTanese vishuddhatA

hone par nirjarA hotI hai. so isake pragaT svarUpakA Age nirUpaN kare.nge vahA.Nse jAnanA.

is prakAr anashanAdi kriyAko tapasa.nj~nA upachArase jAnanA. isIse ise vyavahAr-tap

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 233

kahA hai. vyavahAr aur upachArakA ek artha hai. tathA aise sAdhanase jo vItarAgabhAvarUp
vishuddhatA ho vah sachchA tap nirjarAkA kAraN jAnanA.

yahA.N dR^iShTAnta hai — jaise dhanako va annako prAN kahA hai. so dhanase anna lAkar, usakA

bhakShaN karake prANo.nkA poShaN kiyA jAtA hai; isaliye upachArase dhan aur annako prAN kahA
hai. koI indriyAdik prANo.nko na jAne aur inhI.nko prAN jAnakar sa.ngrah kare to maraNako
hI prApta hogA. usI prakAr anashanAdiko tathA prAyashchittako tap kahA hai, kyo.nki anashanAdi
sAdhanase prAyashchittAdirUp pravartan karake vItarAgabhAvarUp satya tapakA poShaN kiyA jAtA hai;
isaliye upachArase anashanAdiko tathA prAyashchittAdiko tap kahA hai. koI vItarAgabhAvarUp tapako
na jAne aur inhI.nko tap jAnakar sa.ngrah kare to sa.nsArame.n hI bhramaN karegA.

bahut kyA, itanA samajh lenA ki nishchayadharma to vItarAgabhAv hai, anya nAnA visheSh

bAhyasAdhanakI apekShA upachArase kiye hai.n, unako vyavahAramAtra dharmasa.nj~nA jAnanA. is rahasyako
nahI.n jAnatA, isaliye usake nirjarAkA sachchA shraddhAn nahI.n hai.

mokShatattvakA anyathArUp

tathA siddha honA use mokSha mAnatA hai. vahA.N janma-maraN-rog-kleshAdi duHkh dUr hue,

anantaj~nAn dvArA lokAlokakA jAnanA huA, trilokapUjyapanA huA, — ityAdi rUpase usakI mahimA

jAnatA hai. so sarva jIvo.nke duHkh dUr karanekI, j~ney jAnanekI, tathA pUjya honekI ichChA hai.
yadi inhI.nke artha mokShakI ichChA kI to isake anya jIvo.nke shraddhAnase kyA visheShatA huI?

tathA isake aisA bhI abhiprAy hai ki svargame.n sukh hai usase anantagunA sukh mokShame.n

hai. so is guNAkArame.n vah svarga-mokShasukhakI ek jAti jAnatA hai. vahA.N svargame.n to viShayAdik
sAmagrIjanit sukh hotA hai, usakI jAti ise bhAsit hotI hai; parantu mokShame.n viShayAdik sAmagrI
hai nahI.n, so vahA.Nke sukhakI jAti ise bhAsit to nahI.n hotI; parantu mahAn puruSh svargase bhI
mokShako uttam kahate hai.n, isaliye yah bhI uttam hI mAnatA hai. jaise — koI gAyanakA svarUp

na pahichAne; parantu sabhAke sarva log sarAhanA karate hai.n, isalie Ap bhI sarAhanA karatA
hai. usI prakAr yah mokShako uttam mAnatA hai.

yahA.N vah kahatA hai — shAstrame.n bhI to indrAdikase anantagunA sukh siddho.nke prarUpit

kiyA hai?

uttaraH — jaise tIrtha.nkarake sharIrakI prabhAko sUryaprabhAse koTigunI kahI, vahA.N unakI ek

jAti nahI.n hai; parantu lokame.n sUryaprabhAkI mahimA hai, usase bhI adhik mahimA batalAneke liye

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234 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

upamAla.nkAr karate hai.n. usI prakAr siddhasukhako indrAdisukhase anantagunA kahA hai, vahA.N unakI
ek jAti nahI.n hai; parantu lokame.n indrAdisukhakI mahimA hai, usase bahut mahimA batalAneke liye
upamAla.nkAr karate hai.n.

phi ra prashna hai ki vah siddhasukh aur indrAdisukhakI ek jAti jAnatA hai — aisA nishchay

tumane kaise kiyA?

samAdhAnaH — jis dharmasAdhanakA phal svarga mAnatA hai, us dharmasAdhanakA hI phal mokSha

mAnatA hai. koI jIv indrAdi pad prApta kare, koI mokSha prApta kare, vahA.N un dono.nko ek jAtike
dharmakA phal huA mAnatA hai. aisA to mAnatA hai ki jisake sAdhan tho.DA hotA hai vah indrAdi
pad prApta karatA hai, jisake sampUrNa sAdhan ho vah mokSha prApta karatA hai; parantu vahA.N dharmakI jAti
ek jAnatA hai. so jo kAraNakI ek jAti jAne, use kAryakI bhI ek jAtikA shraddhAn
avashya ho; kyo.nki kAraNavisheSh hone par hI kAryavisheSh hotA hai. isaliye hamane yah nishchay
kiyA ki usake abhiprAyame.n indrAdisukh aur siddhasukhakI ek jAtikA shraddhAn hai.

tathA karmanimittase AtmAke aupAdhik bhAv the, unakA abhAv hone par Ap

shuddhabhAvarUp keval AtmA huA. jaise — paramANu skandhase pR^ithak hone par shuddha hotA hai, usI

prakAr yah karmAdikase bhinna hokar shuddha hotA hai. visheSh itanA ki vah dono.n avasthAme.n
duHkhI-sukhI nahI.n hai; parantu AtmA ashuddha avasthAme.n duHkhI thA, ab usakA abhAv honese
nirAkul lakShaN anantasukhakI prApti huI.

tathA indrAdikake jo sukh hai vah kaShAyabhAvo.nse AkulatArUp hai, so vah paramArthase

duHkh hI hai; isaliye usakI aur isakI ek jAti nahI.n hai. tathA svargasukhakA kAraN
prashastarAg hai aur mokShasukhakA kAraN vItarAgabhAv hai; isaliye kAraName.n bhI visheSh hai; parantu
aisA bhAv ise bhAsit nahI.n hotA.

isaliye mokShakA bhI isako sachchA shraddhAn nahI.n hai.
is prakAr isake sachchA tattvashraddhAn nahI.n hai. isaliye samayasArame.n

1 kahA hai ki abhavyako

tattvashraddhAn hone par bhI mithyAdarshan hI rahatA hai. tathA pravachanasArame.n kahA hai ki Atmaj~nAnashUnya
tattvArthashraddhAn kAryakArI nahI.n hai.

tathA vyavahAradR^iShTise samyagdarshanake ATh a.ng kahe hai.n unako yah pAlatA hai, pachchIs

1. gAthA 276 – 277 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 235

doSh kahe hai.n unako TAlatA hai, sa.nvegAdik guN kahe hai.n unako dhAraN karatA hai; parantu jaise
bIj boe binA khetake sab sAdhan karane par bhI anna nahI.n hotA; usI prakAr sachchA tattvashraddhAn
hue binA samyaktva nahI.n hotA. pa.nchAstikAy vyAkhyAme.n jahA.N antame.n vyavahArAbhAsavAlekA varNan
kiyA vahA.N aisA hI kathan kiyA hai.

isaprakAr isako samyagdarshanake artha sAdhan karane par bhI samyagdarshan nahI.n hotA.

samyagj~nAnakA anyathArUp

ab, shAstrame.n samyagj~nAnake artha shAstrAbhyAs karanese samyagj~nAn honA kahA hai; isaliye

yah shAstrAbhyAsame.n tatpar rahatA hai. vahA.N sIkhanA, sikhAnA, yAd karanA, bA.NchanA, pa.DhnA Adi
kriyAo.nme.n to upayogako ramAtA hai; parantu usake prayojan par dR^iShTi nahI.n hai. is upadeshame.n
mujhe kAryakArI kyA hai, so abhiprAy nahI.n hai; svaya.n shAstrAbhyAs karake auro.nko sambodhan denekA
abhiprAy rakhatA hai, aur bahutase jIv upadesh mAne.n vahA.N santuShTa hotA hai; parantu j~nAnAbhyAs
to apane liye kiyA jAtA hai aur avasar pAkar parakA bhI bhalA hotA ho to parakA
bhI bhalA kare. tathA koI upadesh na sune to mat suno — svaya.n kyo.n viShAd kare? shAstrArthakA

bhAv jAnakar apanA bhalA karanA.

tathA shAstrAbhyAsame.n bhI kitane hI to vyAkaraN, nyAy, kAvya Adi shAstro.nkA bahut

abhyAs karate hai.n, parantu ve to lokame.n pA.nDitya pragaT karaneke kAraN hai.n, uname.n AtmahitakA
nirUpaN to hai nahI.n. inakA to prayojan itanA hI hai ki apanI buddhi bahut ho to tho.DA –

bahut inakA abhyAs karake pashchAt Atmahitake sAdhak shAstro.nkA abhyAs karanA. yadi buddhi
tho.DI ho to Atmahitake sAdhak sugam shAstro.nkA hI abhyAs kare. aisA nahI.n karanA ki
vyAkaraNAdikA hI abhyAs karate-karate Ayu pUrNa ho jAye aur tattvaj~nAnakI prApti na bane.

yahA.N koI kahe — aisA hai to vyAkaraNAdikA abhyAs nahI.n karanA chAhiye?

usase kahate hai.n ki unake abhyAsake binA mahAn grantho.nkA artha khulatA nahI.n hai, isaliye

unakA bhI abhyAs karanA yogya hai.

phi ra prashna hai ki — mahAn grantha aise kyo.n banAye jinakA artha vyAkaraNAdike binA na

khule? bhAShA dvArA sugamarUp hitopadesh kyo.n nahI.n likhA? unake kuCh prayojan to thA nahI.n?

samAdhAnaH — bhAShAme.n bhI prAkR^it, sa.nskR^itAdikake hI shabda hai.n; parantu apabhra.nsh sahit hai.n.

tathA desh-deshame.n bhAShA anya-anya prakAr hai, to maha.nt puruSh shAstro.nme.n apabhra.nsh shabda kaise

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236 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

likhate? bAlak totalA bole, parantu ba.De to nahI.n bolate. tathA ek deshakI bhAShArUp shAstra
dUsare deshame.n jAye, to vahA.N usakA artha kaise bhAsit hogA? isaliye prAkR^it, sa.nskR^itAdi shuddha
shabdarUp grantha rache hai.n.

tathA vyAkaraNake binA shabdakA artha yathAvat bhAsit nahI.n hotA; nyAyake binA lakShaN,

parIkShA Adi yathAvat nahI.n ho sakate — ityAdi. vachan dvArA vastuke svarUpakA nirNay

vyAkaraNAdi binA bhalI-bhA.Nti na hotA jAnakar unakI AmnAy anusAr kathan kiyA hai.
bhAShAme.n bhI unakI tho.DI-bahut AmnAy Ane par hI upadesh ho sakatA hai; parantu bahut AmnAyase
bhalI-bhA.Nti nirNay ho sakatA hai.

phi ra kahoge ki aisA hai to ab bhAShArUp grantha kisaliye banAte hai.n ?
samAdhAnaH — kAladoShase jIvo.nkI mandabuddhi jAnakar kinhI.n jIvo.nke jitanA j~nAn hogA

utanA hI hogA — aisA vichArakar bhAShAgrantha rachate hai.n — isaliye jo jIv vyAkaraNAdikA

abhyAs na kar sake.n unhe.n aise grantho.n dvArA hI abhyAs karanA.

tathA jo jIv shabdo.nkI nAnA yuktiyo.nsahit artha karaneke liye hI vyAkaraNakA avagAhan

karate hai.n, vAdAdi karake maha.nt honeke liye nyAyakA avagAhan karate hai.n aur chaturAI pragaT
karaneke liye kAvyakA avagAhan karate hai.n, — ityAdi laukik prayojanasahit inakA abhyAs

karate hai.n ve dharmAtmA nahI.n hai.n. inakA ban sake utanA tho.DA-bahut abhyAs karake Atmahitake
artha jo tattvAdikakA nirNay karate hai.n vahI dharmAtmA – paNDit jAnanA.

tathA kitane hI jIv puNya-pApAdik phalake nirUpak purANAdik shAstro.nkA; puNya-

pApakriyAke nirUpak AchArAdi shAstro.nkA, tathA guNasthAn – mArgaNA, karmaprakR^iti, trilokAdike

nirUpak karaNAnuyogake shAstro.nkA abhyAs karate hai.n, parantu yadi Ap inakA prayojan nahI.n
vichArate, tab to tote jaisA hI pa.DhnA huA aur yadi inakA prayojan vichArate hai.n to vahA.N
pApako burA jAnanA, puNyako bhalA jAnanA, guNasthAnAdikakA svarUp jAn lenA, tathA jitanA
inakA abhyAs kare.nge utanA hamArA bhalA hai, — ityAdi prayojanakA vichAr kiyA hai; so isase

itanA to hogA ki narakAdi nahI.n ho.nge, svargAdik ho.nge; parantu mokShamArgakI to prApti hogI
nahI.n.

pratham sachchA tattvaj~nAn ho; vahA.N phi ra puNya-pApake phalako sa.nsAr jAne, shuddhapayogase

mokSha mAne, guNasthAnAdirUp jIvakA vyavahAranirUpaN jAne; ityAdi jyo.nkA tyo.n shraddhAn karatA
huA inakA abhyAs kare to samyagj~nAn ho.

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 237

so tattvaj~nAnake kAraN adhyAtmarUp dravyAnuyogake shAstra hai.n aur kitane hI jIv un

shAstro.nkA bhI abhyAs karate hai.n; parantu vahA.N jaisA likhA hai vaisA nirNay svaya.n karake Apako
AparUp, parako pararUp aur AsravAdikA AsravAdirUp shraddhAn nahI.n karate. mukhase to yathAvat
nirUpaN aisA bhI kare.n jisake upedashase anya jIv samyagdR^iShTi ho jAye.n. parantu jaise koI
la.DkA strIkA svA.ng banAkar aisA gAnA gAye jise sunakar anya puruSh-strI kAmarUp ho jAye.n;
parantu vah to jaisA sIkhA vaisA kahatA hai, use kuCh bhAv bhAsit nahI.n hotA, isaliye svaya.n
kAmAsakta nahI.n hotA. usI prakAr yah jaisA likhA hai vaise upadesh detA hai; parantu svaya.n
anubhav nahI.n karatA. yadi svaya.nko shraddhAn huA hotA to anya tattvakA a.nsh anya tattvame.n
na milAtA; parantu isakA ThikAnA nahI.n hai, isaliye samyagj~nAn nahI.n hotA.

is prakAr yah gyArah a.ng tak pa.Dhe, tathApi siddhi nahI.n hotI. so samayasArAdime.n

mithyAdR^iShTiko gyArah a.ngo.nkA j~nAn honA likhA hai.

yahA.N koI kahe ki j~nAn to itanA hotA hai; parantu jaisA abhavyasenako shraddhAnarahit

j~nAn huA vaisA hotA hai?

samAdhAnaH — vah to pApI thA, jise hi.nsAdikI pravR^ittikA bhay nahI.n thA. parantu jo

jIv graiveyak Adime.n jAtA hai usake aisA j~nAn hotA hai; vah to shraddhAnarahit nahI.n hai.
usake to aisA bhI shraddhAn hai ki yah grantha sachche hai.n, parantu tattvashraddhAn sachchA nahI.n huA.
samayasArame.n ek hI jIvake dharmakA shraddhAn, gyArah a.ngakA j~nAn aur mahAvratAdikA pAlan karanA
likhA hai. pravachanasArame.n aisA likhA hai ki Agamaj~nAn aisA huA jisake dvArA sarva padArtho.nko
hastAmalakavat jAnatA hai. yah bhI jAnatA hai ki inakA jAnanevAlA mai.n hU.N; parantu mai.n j~nAnasvarUp
hU.N is prakAr svaya.nko paradravyase bhinna keval chaitanyadravya anubhav nahI.n karatA. isaliye
Atmaj~nAnashUnya Agamaj~nAn bhI kAryakArI nahI.n hai.

is prakAr yah samyagj~nAnake artha jainashAstro.nkA abhyAs karatA hai, tathApi isake

samyagj~nAn nahI.n hai.

samyakchAritrakA anyathArUp

tathA inake samyakchAritrake artha kaisI pravR^itti hai so kahate hai.nH —

bAhya kriyA par to inakI dR^iShTi hai aur pariNAm sudharane-biga.DnekA vichAr nahI.n hai.

aur yadi pariNAmo.nkA bhI vichAr ho to jaise apane pariNAm hote dikhAI de.n unhI.n par dR^iShTi
rahatI hai, parantu un pariNAmo.nkI paramparAkA vichAr karane par abhiprAyame.n jo vAsanA hai usakA

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238 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

vichAr nahI.n karate. aur phal lagatA hai so abhiprAyame.n jo vAsanA hai usakA lagatA hai.
isakA visheSh vyAkhyAn Age kare.nge. vahA.N svarUp bhalIbhA.Nti bhAsit hogA.

aisI pahichAnake binA bAhya AcharaNakA hI udyam hai.
vahA.N kitane hI jIv to kulakramase athavA dekhA-dekhI yA krodh, mAn, mAyA, lobhAdikase

AcharaN karate hai.n; unake to dharmabuddhi hI nahI.n hai, samyakchAritra kahA.Nse ho? un jIvo.nme.n
koI to bhole hai.n va koI kaShAyI hai.n; so aj~nAnabhAv va kaShAy hone par samyakchAritra nahI.n
hotA.

tathA kitane hI jIv aisA mAnate hai.n ki jAnaneme.n kyA hai, kuCh kare.nge to phal lagegA.

aisA vichArakar vrat-tap Adi kriyAke hI udyamI rahate hai.n aur tattvaj~nAnakA upAy nahI.n karate.
so tattvaj~nAnake binA mahAvratAdikA AcharaN bhI mithyAchAritra hI nAm pAtA hai aur tattvaj~nAn
hone par kuCh bhI vratAdik nahI.n hai.n tathApi asa.nyatasamyagdR^iShTi nAm pAtA hai. isaliye pahale
tattvaj~nAnakA upAy karanA, pashchAt kaShAy ghaTAneke liye bAhyasAdhan karanA. yahI yogIndradevakR^it
shrAvakAchArame.n

1 kahA haiH —

‘‘da.nsaNabhUmih bAhirA, jiy vayarukkha Na hu.nti.’’

arthaH — is samyagdarshan bhUmikA binA he jIv! vratarUpI vR^ikSha nahI.n hote, arthAt jin

jIvo.nke tattvaj~nAn nahI.n hai ve yathArtha AcharaN nahI.n Acharate.

vahI visheSh batalAte hai.n : —

kitane hI jIv pahale to ba.DI pratij~nA dhAraN kar baiThate hai.n; parantu antara.ngame.n viShay-

kaShAy vAsanA miTI nahI.n hai, isaliye jaise-taise pratij~nA pUrI karanA chAhate hai.n. vahA.N us pratij~nAse
pariNAm duHkhI hote hai.n. jaise — koI bahut upavAs kar baiThatA hai aur pashchAt pI.DAse duHkhI

huA rogIkI bhA.Nti kAl ga.NvAtA hai, dharma sAdhan nahI.n karatA; to pratham hI sadhatI jAne utanI
hI pratij~nA kyo.n na le? duHkhI honeme.n ArtadhyAn ho, usakA phal achChA kaise lagegA? athavA
us pratij~nAkA duHkh nahI.n sahA jAtA tab usake badale viShay-poShaNake liye anya upAy karatA
hai. jaise — tR^iShA lage tab pAnI to na piye aur anya shItal upachAr anek prakAr kare,

va ghR^it to Cho.De aur anya snigdha vastukA upAy karake bhakShaN kare. — isIprakAr anya

jAnanA.

1. sAvayadhamma, dohA 57

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 239

yadi parIShah nahI.n sahe jAte the, viShay-vAsanA nahI.n ChUTI thI; to aisI pratij~nA kisaliye

kI? sugam viShay Cho.Dkar pashchAt viSham viShayo.nkA upAy karanA pa.De aisA kArya kyo.n kare?
vahA.N to ulaTA rAgabhAv tIvra hotA hai.

athavA pratij~nAme.n duHkh ho tab pariNAm lagAneke liye koI Alamban vichAratA hai.

jaise — upavAs karake phi ra krIDA karatA hai, kitane hI pApI juA Adi kuvyasano.nme.n lag

jAte hai.n athavA so rahanA chAhate hai.n. aisA jAnate hai.n ki kisI prakAr kAl pUrA karanA.

— isIprakAr anya pratij~nAme.n jAnanA.

athavA kitane hI pApI aise bhI hai.n pahale pratij~nA karate hai.n, bAdame.n usase duHkhI ho.n

tab pratij~nA Cho.D.h.h dete hai.n. pratij~nA lenA-Che.DnA unako khelamAtra hai; so pratij~nA bha.ng karanekA
mahApAp hai; isase to pratij~nA na lenA bhalA hai.

is prakAr pahale to nirvichAr hokar pratij~nA karate hai.n aur pashchAt aisI dashA hotI

hai.

jainadharmame.n pratij~nA na lenekA daNDa to hai nahI.n. jainadharmame.n to aisA upadesh hai ki

pahale to tattvaj~nAnI ho; phi ra usakA tyAg kar usakA doSh pahichAne. tyAg karaneme.n jo
guN ho use jAne; phi ra apane pariNAmo.nko ThIk kare; vartamAn pariNAmo.nke hI bharose pratij~nA
na kar baiThe; bhaviShyame.n nirvAh hotA jAne to pratij~nA kare; tathA sharIrakI shakti va dravya, kShetra,
kAl, bhAvAdikakA vichAr kare. — is prakAr vichAr karake phi ra pratij~nA karanI. vah bhI

aisI karanI jisase pratij~nAke prati nirAdarabhAv na ho, pariNAm cha.Dhte rahe.n. aisI jainadharmakI
AmnAy hai.

yahA.N koI kahe ki chA.nDAlAdikane pratij~nA kI, unake itanA vichAr kahA.N hotA hai?
samAdhAnaH — maraNaparyanta kaShTa ho to ho, parantu pratij~nA nahI.n Cho.DnA — aisA vichAr

karake ve pratij~nA karate hai.n; pratij~nAke prati nirAdarapanA nahI.n hotA.

aur samyagdR^iShTi jo pratij~nA karate hai.n so tattvaj~nAnAdipUrvak hI karate hai.n.
tathA jinake antara.ng viraktatA nahI.n aur bAhyapratij~nA dhAraN karate hai.n, ve pratij~nAke

pahale aur bAdame.n jisakI pratij~nA kare.n usame.n ati Asakta hokar lagate hai.n. jaise upavAsake
dhAraNe-pAraNeke bhojaname.n ati lobhI hokar gariShThAdi bhojan karate hai.n, shIghratA bahut karate hai.n.
jaise — jalako rok rakhA thA, jab vah ChUTA tabhI bahut pravAh chalane lagA; usI prakAr pratij~nA

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240 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

dvArA viShayavR^itti rok rakhI thI, a.ntara.ng Asakti ba.DhtI gaI aur pratij~nA pUrNa hote hI atyanta
viShayavR^itti hone lagI; so pratij~nAke kAlame.n viShayavAsanA miTI nahI.n, Age-pIChe usake badale
adhik rAg kiyA; so phal to rAgabhAv miTanese hogA. isaliye jitanI virakti huI ho
utanI pratij~nA karanA. mahAmuni bhI tho.DI pratij~nA karake phi ra AhArAdime.n uChaTi (kamI) karate
hai.n aur ba.DI pratij~nA karate hai.n. to apanI shakti dekhakar karate hai.n. jisaprakAr pariNAm
cha.Dhte rahe.n vaisA karate hai.n. pramAd bhI na ho aur AkulatA bhI utpanna na ho — aisI pravR^itti

kAryakArI jAnanA.

tathA jinakI dharma par dR^iShTi nahI.n hai ve kabhI to ba.DA dharma Acharate hai.n, kabhI adhik

svachChanda hokar pravartate hai.n. jaise — kisI dharmaparvame.n to bahut upavAsAdi karate hai.n, kisI

dharmaparvame.n bArambAr bhojanAdi karate hai.n. yadi dharmabuddhi ho to yathAyogya sarva dharmaparvo.nme.n yogya
sa.nyamAdi dhAraN kare.n. tathA kabhI to kisI dharmakAryame.n bahut dhan kharcha karate hai.n aur kabhI
koI dharmakArya A pahu.NchA ho tab bhI vahA.N tho.DA bhI dhan kharcha nahI.n karate. so dharmabuddhi
ho to yathAshakti yathAyogya sabhI dharmakAryome.n dhan kharchate rahe.n. — isIprakAr anya jAnanA.

tathA jinake sachchA dharmasAdhan nahI.n hai ve koI kriyA to bahut ba.DI a.ngIkAr karate hai.n,

tathA koI hIn kriyA karate hai.n. jaise — dhanAdikakA to tyAg kiyA aur achChA bhojan, achChe

vastra ityAdi viShayo.nme.n visheSh pravartate hai.n. tathA koI jAmA pahinanA, strI-sevan karanA ityAdi
kAryo.nkA to tyAg karake dharmAtmApanA pragaT karate hai.n; aur pashchAt khoTe vyApArAdi kArya karate
hai.n, lokani.ndya pApakriyAo.nme.n pravartate hai.n. — isIprakAr koI kriyA ati uchcha tathA koI kriyA

ati nIchI karate hai.n. vahA.N lokani.ndya hokar dharmakI ha.NsI karAte hai.n ki dekho, amuk dharmAtmA
aise kArya karatA hai. jaise koI puruSh ek vastra to ati uttam pahine aur ek vastra ati
hIn pahine to ha.NsI hI hotI hai; usI prakAr yah bhI ha.NsIko prApta hotA hai.

sachche dharmakI to yah AmnAy hai ki jitane apane rAgAdi dUr hue ho.n usake anusAr

jis padame.n jo dharmakriyA sambhav ho vah sab a.ngIkAr kare. yadi alpa rAgAdi miTe ho.n
to nichale padame.n hI pravartan kare; parantu uchchapad dhAraN karake nIchI kriyA na kare.

yahA.N prashna hai ki strI-sevanAdi tyAg UparakI pratimAme.n kahA hai; isaliye nichalI

avasthAvAlA unakA tyAg kare yA nahI.n?

samAdhAnaH — nichalI avasthAvAlA unakA sarvathA tyAg nahI.n kar sakatA, koI doSh

lagatA hai, isaliye UparakI pratimAme.n tyAg kahA hai. nichalI avasthAme.n jis prakArakA tyAg

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 241

sambhav ho vaisA nichalI avasthAvAlA bhI kare; parantu jis nichalI avasthAme.n jo kArya sa.nbhav
hI nahI.n hai, usakA karanA to kaShAyabhAvo.nse hI hotA hai. jaise — koI saptavyasanakA sevan

karatA ho aur svastrIkA tyAg kare; to kaise ho sakatA hai? yadyapi svastrIkA tyAg karanA
dharma hai; tathApi pahale saptavyasanakA tyAg ho, tabhI svastrIkA tyAg karanA yogya hai. — isI

prakAr anya jAnanA.

tathA sarva prakArase dharmako na jAnatA ho — aisA jIv dharmake a.ngako mukhya karake anya

dharmo.nko gauN karatA hai. jaise — koI jIv dayA-dharmako mukhya karake pUjA – prabhAvanAdi kAryakA

utthApan karate hai.n; kitane hI pUjA-prabhAvanAdi dharmako mukhya karake hi.nsAdikakA bhay nahI.n rakhate;
kitane hI tapakI mukhyatAse ArttadhyAnAdik karake bhI upavAsAdi karate hai.n, tathA apaneko
tapasvI mAnakar niHsha.nk krodhit karate hai.n; kitane hI dAnakI mukhyatAse bahut pAp karake bhI
dhan upArjan karake dAn dete hai.n; kitane hI Arambha-tyAgakI mukhyatAse yAchanA Adi karate
hai.n;1 ityAdi prakArase kisI dharmako mukhya karake anya dharmako nahI.n ginate tathA usake Ashrayase

pApakA AcharaN karate hai.n.

unakA yah kArya aisA huA jaise avivekI vyApArIko kisI vyApArame.n naphe ke artha

anya prakArase bahut ToTA pa.DtA hai. chAhiye to aisA ki jaise vyApArIkA prayojan naphA
hai, sarva vichAr kar jaise naphA bahut ho vaisA kare; usI prakAr j~nAnIkA prayojan vItarAgabhAv
hai, sarva vichAr kar jaise vItarAgabhAv bahut ho vaisA kare, kyo.nki mUladharma vItarAgabhAv hai.

isIprakAr avivekI jIv anyathA dharma a.ngIkAr karate hai.n; unake to samyakchAritrakA

AbhAs bhI nahI.n hotA.

tathA kitane hI jIv aNuvrat-mahAvratAdirUp yathArtha AcharaN karate hai.n — aur AcharaNake

anusAr hI pariNAm hai.n, koI mAyA-lobhAdikakA abhiprAy nahI.n hai; unhe.n dharma jAnakar mokShake
artha unakA sAdhan karate hai.n, kinhI.n svargAdikake bhogo.nkI bhI ichChA nahI.n rakhate; parantu tattvaj~nAn
pahale nahI.n huA, isaliye Ap to jAnate hai.n ki mai.n mokShakA sAdhan kar rahA hU.N; parantu jo
mokShakA sAdhan hai use jAnate bhI nahI.n, keval svargAdikakA hI sAdhan karate hai.n. koI misarIko
amR^it jAnakar bhakShaN kare to usase amR^itakA guN to nahI.n hotA; apanI pratItike anusAr
phal nahI.n hotA; phal to jaise sAdhan kare vaisA hI lagatA hai.

1. yahA.N pa.n. ToDaramalajIkI hastalikhit pratike hAsiyeme.n is prakAr likhA hai — ‘ihA.N snAnAdi shauchadharmmakA

kathan tathA laukik kArya Ae.N dharmma Cho.Di tahA.N lagi jAy tinikA kathan likhanA.n hai.’

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242 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

shAstrame.n aisA kahA hai ki chAritrame.n ‘samyak’ pad hai; vah aj~nAnapUrvak AcharaNakI

nivR^ittike artha hai; isaliye pratham tattvaj~nAn ho aur pashchAt chAritra ho so samyakchAritra nAm
pAtA hai. jaise — koI kisAn bIj to boye nahI.n aur anya sAdhan kare to anna prApti

kaise ho? ghAs-phU sa hI hogA; usI prakAr aj~nAnI tattvaj~nAnakA to abhyAs kare nahI.n aur
anya sAdhan kare to mokShaprApti kaise ho? devapad Adi hI ho.nge.

vahA.N kitane hI jIv to aise hai.n jo tattvAdikake bhalI-bhA.Nti nAm bhI nahI.n jAnate,

keval vratAdikame.n hI pravartate hai.n. kitane hI jIv aise hai.n jo pUrvokta prakAr samyagdarshan-j~nAnakA
ayathArtha sAdhan karake vratAdime.n pravartate hai.n. yadyapi ve vratAdikakA yathArtha AcharaN karate hai.n
tathApi yathArtha shraddhAn-j~nAn binA sarva AcharaN mithyAchAritra hI hai.

yahI samayasAr kalashame.n kahA haiH —

klishyantA.n svayamev duShkaratarairmokShonmukhaiH karmabhiH
klishyantA.n cha pare mahAvratatapobhAreN bhagnAshchiram.

sAkShAnmokShamida.n nirAmayapada.n sa.nvedyamAna.n svaya.n
j~nAna.n j~nAnaguNa.n binA kathamapi prAptu.n kShamante na hi..142..

arthaH — mokShase parADmukh aise ati dustar pa.nchAgni tapanAdi kAryo.n dvArA Ap hI klesh

karate hai.n to karo; tathA anya kitane hI jIv mahAvrat aur tapake bhArase chirakAlaparyanta kShIN
hote hue klesh karate hai.n to karo; parantu yah sAkShAt mokShasvarUp sarvarogarahit pad, jo apane
Ap anubhavame.n Aye aisA j~nAnasvabhAv, vah to j~nAnaguNake binA anya kisI bhI prakArase
prApta karaneme.n samartha nahI.n hai.

tathA pa.nchAstikAyame.n jahA.N a.ntame.n vyavahArAbhAsIkA kathan kiyA hai vahA.N terah prakArakA

chAritra hone par bhI usakA mokShamArgame.n niShedh kiyA hai.

tathA pravachanasArame.n Atmaj~nAnashUnya sa.nyamabhAvako akAryakArI kahA hai.
tathA ihI.n grantho.nme.n va anya paramAtmaprakAshAdi shAstro.nme.n is prayojanake liye jahA.N-tahA.N

nirUpaN hai.

isaliye pahale tattvaj~nAn hone par hI AcharaN kAryakArI hai.
yahA.N koI jAne ki bAhyame.n to aNuvrat-mahAvratAdi sAdhate hai.n? parantu antara.ng pariNAm

nahI.n hai.n aur svargAdikakI vA.nChAse sAdhate hai.n, — so is prakAr sAdhanese pApabandha hotA hai.

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