Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (itrans transliteration).

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 243
dravyali.ngI muni antim graiveyak tak jAte hai.n, aur pa.nchaparAvartano.nme.n ikatIs sAgar paryanta
devAyukI prApti anantabAr honA likhA hai; so aise uchchapad to tabhI prApta kare jab antara.ng
pariNAmapUrvak mahAvrat pAle, mahAmandakaShAyI ho, is lok-paralokake bhogAdikakI chAh na ho;
keval dharmabuddhise mokShAbhilAShI huA sAdhan sAdhe. isaliye dravyali.ngIke sthUl to anyathApanA
hai nahI.n, sUkShma anyathApanA hai; so samyagdR^iShTiko bhAsit hotA hai.
ab inake dharmasAdhan kaise hai aur usame.n anyathApanA kaise hai?
so kahate hai.n : —
pratham to sa.nsArame.n narakAdike duHkh jAnakar, svargAdime.n bhI janma-maraNAdike duHkh jAnakar,
sa.nsArase udAs hokar mokShako chAhate hai.n. so in duHkho.nko to duHkh sabhI jAnate hai.n. indra –
ahamindrAdik viShayAnurAgase indriyajanit sukh bhogate hai.n, use bhI duHkh jAnakar nirAkul sukh-
avasthAko pahichAnakar mokShako chAhate hai.n; ve hI samyagdR^iShTi jAnanA.
tathA viShayasukhAdikakA phal narakAdik hai; sharIr ashuchi, vinAshIk hai, poShaN yogya
nahI.n hai; kuTumbAdik svArthake sage hai.n; ityAdi paradravyo.nkA doSh vichArakar unakA to tyAg
karate hai.n — aur vratAdikakA phal svarga-mokSha hai; tapashcharaNAdi pavitra avinAshI phalake dAtA
hai.n, unake dvArA sharIrakA shoShaN karane yogya hai; dev-guru-shAstrAdi hitakArI hai.n; ityAdi
paradravyo.nke guNo.nkA vichAr karake unhI.nko a.ngIkAr karate hai.n. — ityAdi prakArase kisI
paradravyako burA jAnakar aniShTarUp shraddhAn karate hai.n, kisI paradravyako bhalA jAnakar iShTa shraddhAn
karate hai.n. so paradravyo.nme.n iShTa-aniShTarUp shraddhAn vah mithyA hai.
tathA isI shraddhAnase inake udAsInatA bhI dveShabuddhirUp hotI hai; kyo.nki kisIko burA
jAnanA usIkA nAm dveSh hai.
koI kahegA — samyagdR^iShTi bhI to burA jAnakar paradravyakA tyAg karate hai.n?
samAdhAnaH — samyagdR^iShTi paradravyo.nko burA nahI.n jAnate, apane rAgabhAvako burA jAnate hai.n.
Ap rAgabhAvako Cho.Dte hai.n, isaliye usake kAraN bhI tyAg hotA hai. vastukA vichAr karanese
koI paradravya to burA – bhalA hai nahI.n.
koI kahegA — nimittamAtra to hai?
uttar : — paradravya koI jabaran to bigA.DtA nahI.n hai, apane bhAv biga.De.n tab vah bhI
bAhya nimitta hai. tathA isake nimitta binA bhI bhAv biga.Dte hai.n, isaliye niyamarUpase nimitta

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244 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
bhI nahI.n hai. isaprakAr paradravyakA to doSh dekhanA mithyAbhAv hai. rAgAdibhAv hI bure hai.n.
parantu isake aisI samajh nahI.n hai; yah paradravyo.nkA doSh dekhakar uname.n dveSharUp udAsInatA karatA
hai. sachchI udAsInatA to usakA nAm hai ki kisI bhI dravyakA doSh yA guN nahI.n bhAsit ho,
isaliye kisIko burA-bhalA na jAne.n; svako sva jAne, parako par jAne, parase kuCh bhI prayojan
merA nahI.n hai aisA mAnakar sAkShIbhUt rahe. so aisI udAsInatA j~nAnIke hI hotI hai.
tathA yah udAsIn hokar shAstrame.n jo aNuvrat-mahAvratarUp vyavahArachAritra kahA use
a.ngIkAr karatA hai, ekadesh athavA sarvadesh hi.nsAdi pApo.nko Cho.DtA hai; unake sthAn par
ahi.nsAdik puNyarUp kAryo.nme.n pravartatA hai. tathA jis prakAr paryAyAshrit pApakAryo.nme.n apanA
kartApanA mAnatA thA, usI prakAr ab puNyakAryo.nme.n apanA kartApanA mAnane lagA. — isaprakAr
paryAyAshrit kAryo.nme.n aha.nbuddhi mAnanekI samAnatA huI. jaise — ‘mai.n jIvo.nko mAratA hU.N, mai.n
parigrahadhArI hU.N’ — ityAdi mAnyatA thI; usI prakAr mai.n ‘jIvo.nkI rakShA karatA hU.N, mai.n nagna,
parigraharahit hU.N’ — aisI mAnyatA huI. so paryAyAshrit kAryo.nme.n aha.nbuddhi vahI mithyAdR^iShTi hai.
yahI samayasAr kalash me.n kahA haiH —
ye tu kartAramAtmAna.n pashyanti tamasA tatAH.
sAmAnyajanavatteShA.n na mokSho.api mumukShutA.n..199..
arthaH — jo jIv mithyA-a.ndhakAr vyApta hote hue apaneko paryAyAshrit kriyAkA kartA
mAnate hai.n ve jIv mokShAbhilAShI hone par bhI jaise anyamatI sAmAnya manuShyo.nko mokSha nahI.n hotA;
usI prakAr unako mokSha nahI.n hotA; kyo.nki kartApaneke shraddhAnakI samAnatA hai.
tathA isaprakAr Ap kartA hokar shrAvakadharma athavA munidharmakI kriyAo.nme.n man-vachan-
kAyakI pravR^itti nirantar rakhatA hai, jaise un kriyAo.nme.n bha.ng na ho vaise pravartatA hai; parantu
aise bhAv to sarAg hai.n; chAritra hai vah vItarAgabhAvarUp hai. isaliye aise sAdhanako mokShamArga
mAnanA mithyAbuddhi hai.
prashnaH — sarAg-vItarAg bhedase do prakArakA chAritra kahA hai so kis prakAr hai?
uttaraH — jaise chAval do prakArake hai.n — ek tuShasahit hai.n aur ek tuSharahit hai.n.
vahA.N aisA jAnanA ki tuSh hai vah chAvalakA svarUp nahI.n hai, chAvalame.n doSh hai. koI samajhadAr
tuSharahit chAvalakA sa.ngrah karatA thA; use dekhakar koI bholA tuSho.nko hI chAval mAnakar sa.ngrah
kare to vR^ithA khedakhinna hogA. vaise chAritra do prakArakA hai — ek sarAg hai, ek vItarAg

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 245
hai. vahA.N aisA jAnanA ki jo rAg hai vah chAritrakA svarUp nahI.n hai, chAritrame.n doSh hai.
tathA kitane hI j~nAnI prashastarAgasahit chAritra dhAraN karate hai.n; unhe.n dekhakar koI aj~nAnI
prashastarAgako hI chAritra mAnakar sa.ngrah kare to vR^ithA khedakhinna hI hogA.
yahA.N koI kahegA ki pApakriyA karanese tIvra rAgAdik hote the, ab in kriyAo.nko
karane par manda rAg huA; isaliye jitane a.nshame.n rAgabhAv kam huA utane a.nsho.nme.n to chAritra
kaho, jitane a.nsho.nme.n rAg rahA utane a.nsho.nme.n rAg kaho. — is prakAr usake sarAg-chAritra
sambhav hai.
samAdhAnaH — yadi tattvaj~nAnapUrvak aisA ho, tab to tum kahate ho usI prakAr hai.
tattvaj~nAnake binA utkR^iShTa (ugra) AcharaN hone par bhI asa.nyam nAm hI pAtA hai, kyo.nki rAgabhAv
karanekA abhiprAy nahI.n miTatA.
vahI batalAte hai.nH — dravyali.ngI muni rAjyAdikako Cho.Dkar nirgrantha hotA hai, aTThAIs
mUlaguNo.nkA pAlan karatA hai, ugrase ugra anashanAdi bahut tap karatA hai, kShudhAdik bAIs parIShah
sahatA hai, sharIrake kha.nD-kha.nD hone par bhI vyagra nahI.n hotA, vratabha.ngake anek kAraN milane
par bhI dR^i.Dh.h.h rahatA hai, kisIse krodh nahI.n karatA, aise sAdhano.nkA mAn nahI.n karatA, aise sAdhano.nme.n
koI kapaT nahI.n hai, in sAdhano.n dvArA is lok-paralokake viShayasukhako nahI.n chAhatA; aisI
usakI dashA huI hai. yadi aisI dashA na ho to graiveyak paryanta kaise pahu.Nche? parantu use
mithyAdR^iShTi asa.nyamI hI shAstrame.n kahA hai. usakA kAraN yah hai ki usake tattvo.nkA shraddhAn –
j~nAn sachchA nahI.n huA hai. pahale varNan kiyA us prakAr tattvo.nkA shraddhAn – j~nAn huA hai;
usI prakAr abhiprAyase sarvasAdhan karatA hai; parantu un sAdhano.nke abhiprAy kI paramparAkA
vichAr karane par kaShAyo.nkA abhiprAy AtA hai.
kis prakAr? so sunoH — yah pApake kAraN rAgAdikako to hey jAnakar Cho.DtA
hai; parantu puNyake kAraN prashastarAgako upAdey mAnatA hai, usakI vR^iddhikA upAy karatA hai,
so prashastarAg bhI to kaShAy hai. kaShAyako upAdey mAnA tab kaShAy karanekA hI shraddhAn
rahA. aprashasta paradravyo.nse dveSh karake prashasta paradravyo.nme.n rAg karanekA abhiprAy huA, kuCh
paradravyo.nme.n sAmyabhAvarUp abhiprAy nahI.n huA.
yahA.N prashna hai ki samyagdR^iShTi bhI to prashastarAgakA upAy rakhatA hai?
uttaraH — jaise kisIkA bahut daNDa hotA thA, vah tho.DA daNDa denekA upAy rakhatA
hai, tho.DA daNDa dekar harSha bhI mAnatA hai, parantu shraddhAname.n daNDa denA aniShTa hI mAnatA hai;

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246 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
usI prakAr samyagdR^iShTike pAparUp bahut kaShAy hotI thI, so vah puNyarUp tho.DI kaShAy karanekA
upAy rakhatA hai, tho.DI kaShAy hone par harSha bhI mAnatA hai, parantu shraddhAname.n kaShAyako hey
hI mAnatA hai. tathA jaise — koI kamAIkA kAraN jAnakar vyApArAdikA upAy rakhatA hai,
upAy ban jAne par harSha mAnatA hai; usI prakAr dravyali.ngI mokShakA kAraN jAnakar prashastarAgakA
upAy rakhatA hai, upAy ban jAne par harSha mAnatA hai. — isaprakAr prashastarAgake upAyame.n aur
harShame.n samAnatA hone par bhI samyagdR^iShTike to daNDa samAn aur mithyAdR^iShTike vyApAr samAn shraddhAn
pAyA jAtA hai. isaliye abhiprAyame.n visheSh huA.
tathA isake parIShah – tapashcharaNAdikake nimittase duHkh ho usakA ilAj to nahI.n karatA;
parantu duHkhakA vedan karatA hai; so duHkhakA vedan karanA kaShAy hI hai. jahA.N vItarAgatA
hotI hai vahA.N to jaise anya j~neyako jAnatA hai usI prakAr duHkhake kAraN j~neyako jAnatA
hai; so aisI dashA isakI hotI nahI.n hai. tathA unako sahatA hai vah bhI kaShAyake abhiprAyarUp
vichArase sahatA hai. vah vichAr aisA hotA hai ki – paravashatAse narakAdi gatime.n bahut duHkh
sahan kiye, yah parIShahAdikA duHkh to tho.DA hai. isako svavash sahanese svarga-mokSha sukhakI
prApti hotI hai. yadi inako na sahe.n aur viShayasukhakA sevan kare.n to narakAdikakI prApti
hogI, vahA.N bahut duHkh hogA — ityAdi vichArase parIShaho.nme.n aniShTabuddhi rahatI hai. keval
narakAdike bhayase tathA sukhake lobhase unhe.n sahan karatA hai; so yah sab kaShAyabhAv hI hai.n.
tathA aisA vichAr hotA hai ki jo karma the ve bhoge binA nahI.n ChUTate; isaliye mujhe sahane
pa.De. so aise vichArase karmaphalachetanArUp pravartatA hai. tathA paryAyadR^iShTise jo parIShahAdirUp
avasthA hotI hai use apaneko huI mAnatA hai, dravyadR^iShTise apanI aur sharIrAdikI avasthAko
bhinna nahI.n pahichAnatA. isIprakAr nAnAprakArake vyavahAr – vichArase parIShahAdik sahan karatA hai.
tathA usake rAjyAdik viShayasAmagrIkA tyAg hai aur iShTa bhojanAdikakA tyAg karatA
rahatA hai. vah to jaise koI dAhajvaravAlA vAyu honeke bhayase shItal vastu sevanakA tyAg
karatA hai, parantu jab tak shItal vastukA sevan ruchatA hai tab tak usake dAhakA abhAv
nahI.n kahA jAtA; usI prakAr rAgasahit jIv narakAdikake bhayase viShayasevanakA tyAg karatA
hai, parantu jab tak viShayasevan ruchatA hai tab tak usake rAgakA abhAv nahI.n kahA jAtA.
tathA jaise — amR^itake AsvAdI devako anya bhojan svayamev nahI.n ruchatA; usI prakAr svarasakA
AsvAdan karake viShayasevanakI aruchi isake nahI.n huI hai. is prakAr phalAdikakI apekShA
parIShahasahanAdiko sukhakA kAraN jAnatA hai aur viShayasevanAdiko duHkhakA kAraN jAnatA hai.
tathA tatkAl parIShahasahanAdikase duHkh honA mAnatA hai aur viShayasevanAdikase sukh

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 247
mAnatA hai; tathA jinase sukh-duHkhakA honA mAnA jAye uname.n iShTa-aniShTa buddhise rAg-dveSharUp
abhiprAyakA abhAv nahI.n hotA; aur jahA.N rAg-dveSh hai.n vahA.N chAritra nahI.n hotA. isaliye yah
dravyali.ngI viShayasevan Cho.Dkar tapashcharaNAdi karatA hai tathApi asa.nyamI hI hai. siddhAntame.n asa.nyat
va deshasa.nyat samyagdR^iShTise bhI ise hIn kahA hai; kyo.nki unake chauthA-pA.NchavA.N guNasthAn hai aur
isake pahalA hI guNasthAn hai.
yahA.N koI kahe ki asa.nyat va deshasa.nyat samyagdR^iShTike kaShAyo.nkI pravR^itti visheSh hai aur
dravyali.ngI munike tho.DI hai; isIse asa.nyat va deshasa.nyat samyagdR^iShTi to solahave.n svargaparyanta hI
jAte hai.n aur dravyali.ngI antim graiveyakaparyanta jAtA hai. isaliye bhAvali.ngI munise to
dravyali.ngIko hIn kaho, use asa.nyat va deshasa.nyat samyagdR^iShTise hIn kaise kahA jAy?
samAdhAnaH — asa.nyat va deshasa.nyat samyagdR^iShTike kaShayo.nkI pravR^itti to hai; parantu shraddhAname.n
kisI bhI kaShAyake karanekA abhiprAy nahI.n hai. tathA dravyali.ngIke shubhakaShAy karanekA abhiprAy
pAyA jAtA hai.n, shraddhAname.n unhe.n bhalA jAnatA hai; isaliye shraddhAnakI apekShA asa.nyat samyagdR^iShTise
bhI isake adhik kaShAy hai.
tathA dravyali.ngIke yogo.nkI pravR^itti shubharUp bahut hotI hai aur aghAtikarmo.nme.n puNya-
pApabandhakA visheSh shubh-ashubh yogo.nke anusAr hai, isaliye vah antim graiveyakaparyanta pahu.NchatA
hai; parantu vah kuCh kAryakArI nahI.n hai, kyo.nki aghAtiyA karma AtmaguNake ghAtak nahI.n hai.n,
unake udayase uchcha-nIchapad prApta kiye to kyA huA? ve to bAhya sa.nyogamAtra sa.nsAradashAke
svA.ng hai.n; Ap to AtmA hai; isaliye AtmaguNake ghAtak jo ghAtiyAkarma hai.n unakI hInatA
kAryakArI hai.
un ghAtiyA karmo.nkA bandha bAhyapravR^ittike anusAr nahI.n hai, a.ntara.ng kaShAyashaktike anusAr
hai; isaliye dravyali.ngIkI apekShA asa.nyat va deshasa.nyat samyagdR^iShTike ghAtikarmo.nkA bandha tho.DA hai.
dravyali.ngIke to sarva ghAtikarmo.nkA bandha bahut sthiti – anubhAg sahit hai aur asa.nyat va
deshasa.nyat samyagdR^iShTike mithyAtva – anantAnubandhI Adi karmo.nkA to bandha hai hI nahI.n, avasheSho.nkA
bandha hotA hai vah alpa sthiti – anubhAg sahit hotA hai. tathA dravyali.ngIke kadApi guNashreNI
nirjarA nahI.n hotI, samyagdR^iShTike kadAchit hotI hai aur desh va sakal sa.nyam hone par nirantar
hotI hai. isIse yah mokShamArgI huA hai. isaliye dravyali.ngI muniko shAstrame.n asa.nyat va
deshasa.nyat samyagdR^iShTise hIn kahA hai.
samayasAr shAstrame.n dravyali.ngI munikI hInatA gAthA, TIkA aur kalasho.nme.n pragaT kI hai.

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248 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
tathA pa.nchAstikAy TIkAme.n jahA.N keval vyavahArAvalambIkA kathan kiyA hai vahA.N vyavahAr pa.nchAchAr
hone par bhI usakI hInatA hI pragaT kI hai. tathA pravachanasArame.n sa.nsAratattva dravyali.ngIko kahA
hai. paramAtmaprakAsh Adi anya shAstro.nme.n bhI is vyAkhyAnako spaShTa kiyA hai. dravyali.ngIke jo
jap, tap, shIl, sa.nyamAdi kriyAe.N pAyI jAtI hai.n unhe.n bhI in shAstro.nme.n jahA.N-tahA.N akAryakArI
batalAyA hai, so vahA.N dekh lenA. yahA.N grantha ba.Dh.h.h jAneke bhayase nahI.n likhate hai.n.
isaprakAr keval vyavahArabhAsake avalambI mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nkA nirUpaN kiyA.
ubhayAbhAsI mithyAdR^iShTi
ab, jo nishchay-vyavahAr dono.n nayo.nke AbhAsakA avalamban lete hai.n — aise
mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nkA nirUpaN karate hai.n.
jo jIv aisA mAnate hai.n ki jinamatame.n nishchay-vyavahAr dono.n nay kahate hai.n, isaliye
hame.n un dono.nkA a.ngIkAr karanA chAhiye — aisA vichArakar jaisA keval nishchayAbhAsake
avalambiyo.nkA kathan kiyA thA, vaise to nishchayakA a.ngIkAr karate hai.n. aur jaise keval
vyavahArabhAsake avalambiyo.nkA kathan kiyA thA, vaise vyavahArakA a.ngIkAr karate hai.n.
yadyapi is prakAr a.ngIkAr karaneme.n dono.n nayo.nke paraspar virodh hai, tathApi kare.n kyA?
sachchA to dono.n nayo.nkA svarUp bhAsit huA nahI.n aur jinamatame.n do nay kahe hai.n uname.nse kisIko
Cho.DA bhI nahI.n jAtA; isaliye bhramasahit dono.nkA sAdhan sAdhate hai.n; ve jIv bhI mithyAdR^iShTi
jAnanA.
ab, inakI pravR^ittikA visheSh batalAte hai.nH —
a.ntara.ngame.n Apane to nirdhAr karake yathAvat nishchay-vyavahAr mokShamArgako pahichAnA nahI.n,
jinAj~nA mAnakar nishchay-vyavahArarUp mokShamArga do prakAr mAnate.n hai.n. so mokShamArga do nahI.n hai.n,
mokShamArgakA nirUpaN do prakAr hai. jahA.N sachche mokShamArgako mokShamArga nirUpit kiyA jAy so
‘nishchay mokShamArga’ hai aur jahA.N jo mokShamArga to hai nahI.n, parantu mokShamArgakA nimitta hai va
sahachArI hai use upachArase mokShamArga kahA jAy so ‘vyavahAr mokShamArga’ hai. kyo.nki nishchay-
vyavahArakA sarvatra aisA hI lakShaN hai. sachchA nirUpaN so nishchay, upachAr nirUpaN so vyavahAr;
isaliye nirUpaN-apekShA do prakAr mokShamArga jAnanA. (kintu) ek nishchay mokShamArga hai, ek
vyavahAr mokShamArga hai — isaprakAr do mokShamArga mAnanA mithyA hai.
tathA nishchay-vyavahAr dono.nko upAdey mAnatA hai vah bhI bhram hai; kyo.nki nishchay-

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 249
vyavahArakA svarUp to paraspar virodhasahit hai. kAraN ki samayasArame.n aisA kahA haiH —
‘‘vavahAro.abhUdattho bhUdattho desiUN suddhaNau1.’’
arthaH — vyavahAr abhUtArtha hai, satyasvarUpakA nirUpaN nahI.n karatA, kisI apekShA
upachArase anyathA nirUpaN karatA hai. tathA shuddhanay jo nishchay hai, vah bhUtArtha hai, jaisA
vastukA svarUp hai vaisA nirUpaN karatA hai.
is prakAr in dono.nkA svarUp to viruddhatAsahit hai.
tathA tU aisA mAnatA hai ki siddhasamAn shuddha AtmAkA anubhavan so nishchay aur
vrat, shIl, sa.nyamAdirUp pravR^itti so vyavahAr; so terA aisA mAnanA ThIk nahI.n hai; kyo.nki kisI
dravyabhAvakA nAm nishchay aur kisIkA nAm vyavahAr — aisA nahI.n hai. ek hI dravyake bhAvako
us svarUp hI nirUpaN karanA so nishchayanay hai, upachArase us dravyake bhAvako anyadravyake
bhAvasvarUp nirUpaN karanA so vyavahAr hai. jaise — miTTIke gha.Deko miTTIkA gha.DA nirUpit kiyA
jAy so nishchay aur ghR^itasa.nyogake upachArase usIko ghR^itakA gha.DA kahA jAy so vyavahAra.
aise hI anyatra jAnanA.
isaliye tU kisIko nishchay mAne aur kisIko vyavahAr mAne vah bhram hai.
tathA tere mAnaneme.n bhI nishchay-vyavahArako paraspar virodh AyA. yadi tU apaneko
siddhasamAn shuddha mAnatA hai to vratAdik kisaliye karatA hai? yadi vratAdikake sAdhan dvArA
siddha honA chAhatA hai to vartamAname.n shuddha AtmAkA anubhav mithyA huA.
isaprakAr dono.n nayo.nke paraspar virodh hai.n; isaliye dono.n nayo.nkA upAdeyapanA nahI.n
banatA.
yahA.N prashna hai ki samayasArAdime.n shuddha AtmAke anubhavako nishchay kahA hai; vrat, tap,
sa.nyamAdiko vyavahAr kahA hai; us prakAr hI ham mAnate hai.n?
samAdhAnaH — shuddha AtmAkA anubhav sachchA mokShamArga hai, isaliye use nishchay kahA.
yahA.N svabhAvase abhinna, parabhAvase bhinna — aisA ‘shuddha’ shabdakA artha jAnanA. sa.nsArIko siddha
mAnanA — aisA bhramarUp artha ‘shuddha’ shabdakA nahI.n jAnanA.
1. vavahAro.abhUyattho bhUyattho desido du suddhaNao.
bhUyatthamassido khalu sammAiTThI havai jIvo..11..

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250 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
tathA vrat, tap Adi mokShamArga hai nahI.n, nimittAdikakI apekShA upachArase inako mokShamArga
kahate hai.n, isaliye inhe.n vyavahAr kahA. — isaprakAr bhUtArtha-abhUtArtha mokShamArgapanese inako
nishchay-vyavahAr kahA hai; so aisA hI mAnanA. parantu yah dono.nhI sachche mokShamArga hai, in dono.nko
upAdey mAnanA; vah to mithyAbuddhi hI hai.
vahA.N vah kahatA hai ki shraddhAn to nishchayakA rakhate hai.n aur pravR^itti vyavahArarUp rakhate
hai.n; — isaprakAr ham dono.nkA a.ngIkAr karate hai.n.
so aisA bhI nahI.n banatA; kyo.nki nishchayakA nishchayarUp aur vyavahArakA vyavahArarUp
shraddhAn karanA yogya hai. ek hI nayakA shraddhAn honese ekAnta mithyAtva hotA hai. tathA pravR^ittime.n
nayakA prayojan hI nahI.n hai. pravR^itti to dravyakI pariNati hai; vahA.N jis dravyakI pariNati ho
usako usIkI prarUpit kare so nishchayanay aur usahIko anya dravyakI prarUpit kare so
vyavahAranay; — aise abhiprAyAnusAr prarUpaNase us pravR^ittime.n dono.n nay banate hai.n; kuCh pravR^itti hI
to nayarUp hai nahI.n. isaliye is prakAr bhI dono.n nayo.nkA grahaN mAnanA mithyA hai.
to kyA kare.n? so kahate hai.nH —
nishchayanayase jo nirUpaN kiyA ho use to satyArtha mAnakar usakA shraddhAn a.ngIkAr
karanA aur vyavahAranayase jo nirUpaN kiyA ho use asatyArtha mAnakar usakA shraddhAn Cho.DnA.
yahI samayasAr kalash me.n kahA haiH —
sarvatrAdhyavasAnamevamakhila.n tyAjya.n yadu kta.n jinai-
stanmanye vyavahAr ev nikhilo.apyanyAshrayastyAjitaH.
samyagnishchayamekamev parama.n niShkampamAkramya ki.n
shuddhaj~nAnaghane mahimni na nije badhnanti santo dhR^itim..173..
arthaH — kyo.nki sarva hI hi.nsAdi va ahisAdime.n adhyavasAy hai so samasta hI Cho.DnA —
aisA jinadevo.nne kahA hai. isaliye mai.n aisA mAnatA hU.N ki jo parAshrit vyavahAr hai so sarva
hI Chu.DAyA hai. santa puruSh ek param nishchayako hI bhale prakAr niShkamparUpase a.ngIkAr karake
shuddhaj~nAnaghanarUp nijamahimAme.n sthiti kyo.n nahI.n karate?
bhAvArthaH — yahA.N vyavahArakA to tyAg karAyA hai, isaliye nishchayako a.ngIkAr karake
nijamahimArUp pravartanA yukta hai.

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 251
tathA ShaTpAhu.Dme.n kahA haiH —
jo sutto vavahAre so joI jaggae sakajjammi.
jo jaggadi vavahAre so sutto appaNe kajje..31.. (mokShapAhu.D.h.h)
arthaH — jo vyavahArame.n sotA hai vah yogI apane kAryame.n jAgatA hai. tathA jo
vyavahArame.n jAgatA hai vah apane kAryame.n sotA hai.
isaliye vyavahAranayakA shraddhAn Cho.Dkar nishchayanayakA shraddhAn karanA yogya hai.
vyavahAranay svadravya – paradravyako va unake bhAvo.nko va kAraN – kAryAdikako kisIko
kisIme.n milAkar nirUpaN karatA hai; so aise hI shraddhAnase mithyAtva hai; isaliye usakA tyAg
karanA. tathA nishchayanay unhI.nko yathAvat nirUpaN karatA hai, kisIko kisIme.n nahI.n milAtA
hai; so aise hI shraddhAnase samyaktva hotA hai; isaliye usakA shraddhAn karanA.
yahA.N prashna hai ki yadi aisA hai to jinamArgame.n dono.n nayo.nkA grahaN karanA kahA hai,
so kaise?
samAdhAnaH — jinamArgame.n kahI.n to nishchayanayakI mukhyatA liye vyAkhyAn hai, use to
‘satyArtha aise hI hai’ — aisA jAnanA. tathA kahI.n vyavahAranayakI mukhyatA liye vyAkhyAn hai, use
‘aise hai nahI.n, nimittAdikI apekShA upachAr kiyA hai’ — aisA jAnanA. isaprakAr jAnanekA nAm
hI dono.n nayo.nkA grahaN hai. tathA dono.n nayo.nke vyAkhyAnako samAn satyArtha jAnakar ‘aise bhI
hai, aise bhI hai’ — isaprakAr bhramarUp pravartanase to dono.n nayo.nkA grahaN karanA nahI.n kahA hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki yadi vyavahAranay asatyArtha hai, to usakA upadesh jinamArgame.n kisaliye
diyA? ek nishchayanayakA hI nirUpaN karanA thA.
samAdhAnaH — aisA hI tarka samayasArame.n kiyA hai. vahA.N yah uttar diyA hai : —
jah Navi sakkamaNajjo aNajjabhAsa.n viNA u gAheu.n.
tah vavahAreN viNA paramatthuvaesaNamasakka.n..8..
arthaH — jis prakAr anArya arthAt mlechChako mlechChabhAShA binA artha grahaN karAneme.n
koI samartha nahI.n hai; usI prakAr vyavahArake binA paramArthakA upadesh ashakya hai; isaliye
vyavahArakA upadesh hai.
tathA isI sUtrakI vyAkhyAme.n aisA kahA hai ki ‘‘vyavahAranayo nAnusarttavya’’1.
1. eva.n mlechChasthAnIyatvAjjagato vyavahAranayopi mlechChabhAShAsthAnIyatven paramArthapratipAdakatvAdupanyasanIyo.ath cha
brAhmaNo na mlechChitavya iti vachanAdvayahAranayo nAnusartavyaH. (samayasAr gAthA 8 kI AtmakhyAti TIkA)

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isakA artha haiH — is nishchayako a.ngIkAr karaneke liye vyavahAr dvArA upadesh dete
hai.n; parantu vyavahAranay hai so a.ngIkAr karane yogya nahI.n hai.
prashnaH — vyavahAr binA nishchayakA upadesh kaise nahI.n hotA? aur vyavahAranay kaise
a.ngIkAr nahI.n karanA? so kahie.
samAdhAnaH — nishchayase to AtmA paradravyo.nse bhinna, svabhAvo.nse abhinna svaya.nsiddha vastu
hai; use jo nahI.n pahichAnate, unase isI prakAr kahate rahe.n tab to ve samajh nahI.n pAye.n.
isaliye unako vyavahAranayase sharIrAdik paradravyo.nkI sApekShatA dvArA nar-nArak-pR^ithvIkAyAdirUp
jIvake visheSh kiye — tab manuShya jIv hai, nArakI jIv hai, ityAdi prakAr sahit unhe.n jIvakI
pahichAn huI.
athavA abhed vastume.n bhed utpanna karake j~nAn – darshanAdi guN-paryAyarUp jIvake visheSh
kiye tab jAnanevAlA jIv hai, dekhanevAlA jIv hai; — ityAdi prakAr sahit unako jIvakI
pahichAn huI.
tathA nishchayase vItarAgabhAv mokShamArga hai; use jo nahI.n pahichAnate unako aise hI kahate
rahe.n to ve samajh nahI.n pAye.n. tab unako vyavahAranayase, tattvashraddhAn – j~nAnapUrvak paradravyake nimitta
miTanekI sApekShatA dvArA vrat, shIl, sa.nyamAdirUp vItarAgabhAvake visheSh batalAye; tab unhe.n
vItarAgabhAvakI pahichAn huI.
isI prakAr anyatra bhI vyavahAr binA nishchayake upadeshakA na honA jAnanA.
tathA yahA.N vyavahArase nar – nArakAdi paryAyako hI jIv kahA, so paryAyako hI jIv
nahI.n mAn lenA. paryAy to jIv – pudgalake sa.nyogarUp hai.n. vahA.N nishchayase jIvadravya bhinna hai,
usahIko jIv mAnanA. jIvake sa.nyogase sharIrAdikako bhI upachArase jIv kahA, so kathanamAtra
hI hai, paramArthase sharIrAdik jIv hote nahI.n — aisA hI shraddhAn karanA.
tathA abhed AtmAme.n j~nAn-darshanAdi bhed kiye, so unhe.n bhedarUp hI nahI.n mAn lenA,
kyo.nki bhed to samajhAneke artha kiye hai.n. nishchayase AtmA abhed hI hai; usahIko jIv vastu
mAnanA. sa.nj~nA – sa.nkhyAdise bhed kahe so kathanamAtra hI hai.n; paramArthase bhinna-bhinna hai.n nahI.n; —
aisA hI shraddhAn karanA.
tathA paradravyakA nimitta miTAnekI apekShAse vrat – shIl – sa.nyamAdikako mokShamArga kahA, so
inhI.nko mokShamArga nahI.n mAn lenA; kyo.nki paradravyakA grahaN-tyAg AtmAke ho to AtmA
paradravyakA kartA-hartA ho jAye. parantu koI dravya kisI dravyake AdhIn hai nahI.n; isaliye

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 253
AtmA apane bhAv rAgAdik hai.n unhe.n Cho.Dkar vItarAgI hotA hai; isaliye nishchayase vItarAgabhAv
hI mokShamArga hai. vItarAgabhAvo.nke aur vratAdikake kadAchit kArya-kAraNapanA hai, isaliye
vratAdiko mokShamArga kahe so kathanamAtra hI kathan hai.n; paramArthase bAhyakriyA mokShamArga nahI.n hai —
aisA hI shraddhAn karanA.
isIprakAr anyatra bhI vyavahAranayakA a.ngIkAr nahI.n karanA aisA jAn lenA.
yahA.N prashna hai ki vyavahAranay parako upadeshame.n hI kAryakArI hai yA apanA bhI prayojan
sAdhatA hai?
samAdhAnaH — Ap bhI jab tak nishchayanayase prarUpit vastuko na pahichAne tab tak
vyavahAramArgase vastukA nishchay kare; isaliye nichalI dashAme.n apaneko bhI vyavahAranay kAryakArI
hai; parantu vyavahArako upachAramAtra mAnakar usake dvArA vastuko ThIk prakAr samajhe tab to
kAryakArI ho; parantu yadi nishchayavat vyavahArako bhI satyabhUt mAnakar ‘vastu isaprakAr hI hai’ —
aisA shraddhAn kare to ulaTA akAryakArI ho jAye.
yahI puruShArthasiddhyupAyame.n kahA haiH —
abudhasya bodhanArtha.n munIshvarA deshayantyabhUtArtham.
vyavahAramev kevalamavaiti yastasya deshanA nAsti..6..
mANavak ev si.nho yathA bhavatyanavagItasi.nhasya.
vyavahAr ev hi tathA nishchayatA.n yAtyanishchayaj~nasya..7..
arthaH — munirAj aj~nAnIko samajhAneke liye asatyArtha jo vyavahAranay usakA upadesh
dete hai.n. jo keval vyavahArako hI jAnatA hai, use upadesh hI denA yogya nahI.n hai. tathA
jaise koI sachche si.nhako na jAne use bilAv hI si.nh hai; usI prakAr jo nishchayako nahI.n
jAne usako vyavahAr hI nishchayapaneko prApta hotA hai.
yahA.N koI nirvichArI puruSh aisA kahe ki tum vyavahArako asatyArtha – hey kahate ho;
to ham vrat, shIl, sa.nyamAdik vyavahArakArya kisaliye kare.n? — sabako Cho.D.h.h de.nge.
usase kahate hai.n ki kuCh vrat, shIl, sa.nyamAdikakA nAm vyavahAr nahI.n hai; inako mokShamArga
mAnanA vyavahAr hai, use Cho.D.h.h de; aur aisA shraddhAn kar ki inako to bAhya sahakArI jAnakar
upachArase mokShamArga kahA hai, yah to paradravyAshrit hai.n; tathA sachchA mokShamArga vItarAgabhAv hai,
vah svadravyAshrit hai. — isaprakAr vyavahArako asatyArtha – hey jAnanA. vratAdikako Cho.Dnese to
vyavahArakA heyapanA hotA nahI.n hai.

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phi ra ham pUChate hai.n ki vratAdikako Cho.Dkar kyA karegA? yadi hi.nsAdirUp pravartegA
to vahA.N to mokShamArgakA upachAr bhI sambhav nahI.n hai; vahA.N pravartanese kyA bhalA hogA? narakAdi
prApta karegA. isaliye aisA karanA to nirvichArIpanA hai. tathA vratAdikarUp pariNatiko miTAkar
keval vItarAg – udAsInabhAvarUp honA bane to achChA hI hai; vah nichalI dashAme.n ho nahI.n sakatA;
isaliye vratAdi sAdhan Cho.Dkar svachChanda honA yogya nahI.n hai. isaprakAr shraddhAname.n nishchayako,
pravR^ittime.n vyavahArako upAdey mAnanA vah bhI mithyAbhAv hI hai.
tathA yah jIv dono.n nayo.nkA a.ngIkAr karaneke artha kadAchit apaneko shuddha siddha
samAn rAgAdi rahit, kevalaj~nAnAdi sahit AtmA anubhavatA hai, dhyAnamudrA dhAraN karake aise
vichAro.nme.n lagate hai.n; so aisA Ap nahI.n hai, parantu bhramase ‘nishchayase mai.n aisA hI hU.N’ — aisA
mAnakar santuShTa hotA hai. tathA kadAchit vachan dvArA nirUpaN aisA hI karatA hai. parantu
nishchay to yathAvat vastuko prarUpit karatA hai. pratyakSha Ap jaisA nahI.n hai vaisA apaneko
mAne to nishchay nAm kaise pAye? jaisA keval nishchayAbhAsavAle jIvake ayathArthapanA pahale kahA
thA usI prakAr isake jAnanA.
athavA yah aisA mAnatA hai ki is nayase AtmA aisA hai, is nayase aisA hai. so
AtmA to jaisA hai vaisA hI hai; parantu usame.n nay dvArA nirUpaN karanekA jo abhiprAy hai
use nahI.n pahichAnatA. jaise — AtmA nishchayase to siddhasamAn kevalaj~nAnAdi sahit, dravyakarma-
nokarma-bhAvakarma rahit hai aur vyavahAranayase sa.nsArI matij~nAnAdi sahit tathA dravyakarma-nokarma-
bhAvakarma sahit hai — aisA mAnatA hai; so ek AtmAke aise do svarUp to hote nahI.n hai.n;
jis bhAvakA hI sahitapanA us bhAvakA hI rahitapanA ek vastume.n kaise sambhav ho? isaliye
aisA mAnanA bhram hai.
to kis prakAr hai? jaise — rAjA aur ra.nk manuShyapanekI apekShA samAn hai.n; usI prakAr
siddha aur sa.nsArIko jIvatvapanekI apekShA samAn kahA hai. kevalaj~nAnAdikI apekShA samAnatA
mAnI jAy, so to hai nahI.n; sa.nsArIke nishchayase matij~nAnAdik hI hai.n, siddhake kevalaj~nAn hai.
itanA visheSh hai ki sa.nsArIke matij~nAnAdik karmake nimittase hai.n, isaliye svabhAv-apekShA sa.nsArIme.n
kevalaj~nAnakI shakti kahI jAye to doSh nahI.n hai. jaise — ra.nk manuShyame.n rAjA honekI shakti pAyI
jAtI hai, usI prakAr yah shakti jAnanA. tathA dravyakarma-nokarma pudgalase utpanna hue hai.n, isaliye
nishchayase sa.nsArIke bhI inakA bhinnapanA hai, parantu siddhakI bhA.Nti inakA kAraN kArya-apekShA sambandha
bhI na mAne to bhram hI hai. tathA bhAvakarma AtmAkA bhAv hai so nishchayase AtmAkA hI hai,
parantu karmake nimittase hotA hai, isaliye vyavahArase karmakA kahA jAtA hai. tathA siddhakI bhA.Nti
sa.nsArIke bhI rAgAdik na mAnanA, unhe.n karmakA hI mAnanA vah bhI bhram hai.

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 255
is prakAr nayo.n dvArA ek hI vastuko ek bhAv-apekShA ‘aisA bhI mAnanA aur aisA
bhI mAnanA,’ vah to mithyAbuddhi hai; parantu bhinna-bhinna bhAvo.nkI apekShA nayo.nkI prarUpaNA hai —
aisA mAnakar yathAsambhav vastuko mAnanA so sachchA shraddhAn hai. isaliye mithyAdR^iShTi anekAntarUp
vastuko mAnatA hai, parantu yathArtha bhAvako pahichAnakar nahI.n mAn sakatA — aisA jAnanA.
tathA is jIvake vrat, shIl, sa.nyamAdikakA a.ngIkAr pAyA jAtA hai, so vyavahArase
‘ye bhI mokShake kAraN hai.n’ — aisA mAnakar unhe.n upAdey mAnatA hai; so jaise pahale keval
vyavahArAvalambI jIvake ayathArthapanA kahA thA vaise hI isake bhI ayathArthapanA jAnanA.
tathA yah aisA bhI mAnatA hai ki yathAyogya vratAdi kriyA to karane yogya hai; parantu
isame.n mamatva nahI.n karanA. so jisakA Ap kartA ho, usame.n mamatva kaise nahI.n kiyA jAy?
Ap kartA nahI.n hai to ‘mujhako karane yogya hai’ — aisA bhAv kaise kiyA? aur yadi kartA
hai to vah apanA karma huA, tab kartA-karma sambandha svayamev hI huA; so aisI mAnyatA
to bhram hai.
to kaise hai? bAhya vratAdik hai.n ve to sharIrAdi paradravyake Ashrit hai.n, paradravyakA Ap
kartA hai nahI.n; isaliye usame.n kartR^itvabuddhi bhI nahI.n karanA aur vahA.N mamatva bhI nahI.n karanA.
tathA vratAdikame.n grahaN-tyAgarUp apanA shubhopayog ho, vah apane Ashrit hai, usakA Ap
kartA hai; isaliye usame.n karttR^itvabuddhi bhI mAnanA aur vahA.N mamatva bhI karanA. parantu is
shubhopayogako bandhakA hI kAraN jAnanA, mokShakA kAraN nahI.n jAnanA, kyo.nki bandha aur mokShake
to pratipakShIpanA hai; isaliye ek hI bhAv puNyabandhakA bhI kAraN ho aur mokShakA bhI kAraN
ho — aisA mAnanA bhram hai.
isaliye vrat-avrat dono.n vikalparahit, jahA.N paradravyake grahaN-tyAgakA kuCh prayojan nahI.n
hai — aisA udAsIn vItarAg shuddhopayog vahI mokShamArga hai. tathA nichalI dashAme.n kitane hI
jIvo.nke shubhopayog aur shuddhopayogakA yuktapanA pAyA jAtA hai; isaliye upachArase vratAdik
shubhopayogako mokShamArga kahA hai; vastukA vichAr karane par shubhopayog mokShakA ghAtak hI hai;
kyo.nki bandhakA kAraN vah hI mokShakA ghAtak hai — aisA shraddhAn karanA.
isaprakAr shuddhopayogako hI upAdey mAnakar usakA upAy karanA aur shubhopayog –
ashubhopayogako hey jAnakar unake tyAgakA upAy karanA. jahA.N shuddhopayog na ho sake vahA.N
ashubhopayogako Cho.Dkar shubhame.n hI pravartan karanA, kyo.nki shubhopayogakI apekShA ashubhopayogame.n
ashuddhatAkI adhikatA hai. tathA shuddhopayog ho tab to paradravyakA sAkShIbhUt hI rahatA hai,

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256 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
vahA.N to kuCh paradravyakA prayojan hI nahI.n hai. shubhopayog ho vahA.N bAhya vratAdikakI pravR^itti
hotI hai aur ashubhopayog ho vahA.N bAhya avratAdikakI pravR^itti hotI hai; kyo.nki ashuddhopayogake
aur paradravyakI pravR^ittike nimitta-naimittik sambandha pAyA jAtA hai. tathA pahale ashubhopayog
ChUTakar shubhopayog ho, phi ra shubhopayog ChUTakar shuddhopayog ho — aisI kram-paripATI hai.
tathA koI aisA mAne ki shubhopayog hai so shuddhopayogakA kAraN hai; so jaise ashubhopayog
ChUTakar shubhopayog hotA hai, vaise shubhopayog ChUTakar shuddhopayog hotA hai. aisA hI kArya-
kAraNapanA ho, to shubhopayogakA kAraN ashubhopayog Thahare. athavA dravyali.ngIke shubhopayog to
utkR^iShTa hotA hai, shuddhopayog hotA hI nahI.n; isaliye paramArthase inake kAraN-kAryapanA hai nahI.n.
jaise — rogIko bahut rog thA, pashchAt alpa rog rahA, to vah alpa rog to nirog honekA
kAraN hai nahI.n. itanA hai ki alpa rog rahane par nirog honekA upAy kare to ho jAye;
parantu yadi alpa rogako hI bhalA jAnakar usako rakhanekA yatna kare to nirog kaise ho? usI
prakAr kaShAyIke tIvrakaShAyarUp ashubhopayog thA, pashchAt mandakaShAyarUp shubhopayog huA, to vah
shubhopayog to niHkaShAy shuddhopayog honekA kAraN hai nahI.n. itanA hai ki shubhopayog hone par
shuddhopayogakA yatna kare to ho jAye; parantu yadi shubhopayogako hI bhalA jAnakar usakA sAdhan
kiyA kare to shuddhopayog kaise ho? isaliye mithyAdR^iShTikA shubhopayog to shuddhopayogakA kAraN
hai nahI.n, samyagdR^iShTiko shubhopayog hone par nikaT shuddhopayog prApta ho — aisI mukhyatAse kahI.n
shubhopayogako shuddhopayogakA kAraN bhI kahate hai.n — aisA jAnanA.
tathA yah jIv apaneko nishchay-vyavahArarUp mokShamArgakA sAdhak mAnatA hai. vahA.N pUrvokta
prakArase AtmAko shuddha mAnA so to samyagdarshan huA; vaisA hI jAnA so samyagj~nAn huA;
vaisA hI vichArame.n pravartan kiyA so samyakchAritra huA. isaprakAr to apaneko nishchayaratnatray
huA mAnatA hai; parantu mai.n pratyakSha ashuddha; so shuddha kaise mAnatA-jAnatA-vichAratA hU.N — ityAdi
vivekarahit bhramase sa.ntuShTa hotA hai.
tathA araha.ntAdike sivA anya devAdikako nahI.n mAnatA, va jainashAstrAnusAr jIvAdikake
bhed sIkh liye hai.n unhI.nko mAnatA hai auro.nko nahI.n mAnatA, vah to samyagdarshan huA; tathA
jainashAstro.nke abhyAsame.n bahut pravartatA hai so samyagj~nAn huA; tathA vratAdirUp kriyAo.nme.n pravartatA
hai so samyakchAritra huA. — isaprakAr apaneko vyavahAraratnatray huA mAnatA hai. parantu
vyavahAr to upachArakA nAm hai; so upachAr bhI to tab banatA hai jab satyabhUt nishchayaratnatrayake
kAraNAdik ho.n. jis prakAr nishchayaratnatray sadh jAe usI prakAr inhe.n sAdhe to vyavahArapanA
bhI sambhav ho; parantu ise to satyabhUt nishchayaratnatray kI pahichAn hI huI nahI.n, to yah isaprakAr

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 257
kaise sAdh sakegA? Aj~nAnusAr dekhA-dekhI sAdhan karatA hai. isaliye isake nishchay-vyavahAr
mokShamArga nahI.n huA.
nishchay-vyavahAr mokShamArgakA Age nirUpaN kare.nge, usakA sAdhan hone par hI mokShamArga
hogA.
isaprakAr yah jIv nishchayAbhAsako mAnatA – jAnatA hai; parantu vyavahAr-sAdhanako bhI bhalA
jAnatA hai, isaliye svachChanda hokar ashubharUp nahI.n pravartatA hai; vratAdik shubhopayogarUp pravartatA
hai, isaliye a.ntim graiveyak paryanta padako prApta karatA hai. tathA yadi nishchayAbhAsakI prabalatAse
ashubharUp pravR^itti ho jAye to kugatime.n bhI gaman hotA hai. pariNAmo.nke anusAr phal prApta
karatA hai, parantu sa.nsArakA hI bhoktA rahatA hai; sachchA mokShamArga pAe binA siddhapadako nahI.n
prApta karatA hai.
isaprakAr nishchayAbhAs-vyavahArAbhAs dono.nke avalambI mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nkA nirUpaN kiyA.
samyaktvasanmukh mithyAdR^iShTi
ab, samyaktvake sanmukh jo mithyAdR^iShTi hai.n unakA nirUpaN karate hai.nH —
koI mandakaShAyAdikA kAraN pAkar j~nAnAvaraNAdi karmo.nkA kShayopasham huA, jisase
tattvavichAr karanekI shakti huI; tathA moh manda huA, jisase tattvavichArame.n udyam huA aur
bAhyanimitta dev-guru-shAstrAdikakA huA, unase sachche upedashakA lAbh huA.
vahA.N apane prayojanabhUt mokShamArgake, dev-guru-dharmAdikake, jIvAditattvo.nke, tathA nij-parake
aur apaneko ahitakArI-hitakArI bhAvo.nke — ityAdike upadeshase sAvadhAn hokar aisA vichAr
kiyA ki aho! mujhe to in bAto.nkI khabar hI nahI.n, mai.n bhramase bhUlakar prApta paryAyame.n hI
tanmay huA; parantu is paryAyakI to tho.De hI kAlakI sthiti hai; tathA yahA.N mujhe sarva nimitta
mile hai.n, isaliye mujhe in bAto.nko barAbar samajhanA chAhiye, kyo.nki iname.n to merA hI prayojan
bhAsit hotA hai. aisA vichArakar jo upadesh sunA usake nirdhAr karanekA udyam kiyA.
vahA.N uddesh, lakShaNanirdesh aur parIkShA dvArA unakA nirdhAr hotA hai. isaliye pahale
to unake nAm sIkhe, vah uddesh huA. phi ra unake lakShaN jAne. phi ra aisA sambhavit hai
ki nahI.n — aise vichAr sahit parIkShA karane lage.
vahA.N nAm sIkh lenA aur lakShaN jAn lenA yah dono.n to upadeshake anusAr hote
hai.n — jaisA upadesh diyA ho vaisA yAd kar lenA. tathA parIkShA karaneme.n apanA vivek chAhiye.
so vivekapUrvak ekAntame.n apane upayogame.n vichAr kare ki jaisA upadesh diyA vaise hI hai yA

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258 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
anyathA hai? vahA.N anumAnAdi pramANase barAbar samajhe. athavA upadesh to aisA hai aur aisA
na mAne.n to aisA hogA; so iname.n prabal yukti kaun hai aur nirbal yukti kaun hai? jo
prabal bhAsit ho use satya jAne. tathA yadi upadeshame.n anyathA satya bhAsit ho, athavA
usame.n sandeh rahe, nirdhAr na ho; to jo visheShaj~na ho.n unase pUChe aur ve uttar de.n usakA
vichAr kare. isI prakAr jab tak nirdhAr na ho tab tak prashna-uttar kare. athavA
samAnabuddhike dhArak ho.n unase apanA vichAr jaisA huA ho vaisA kahe aur prashna-uttar dvArA
paraspar charchA kare; tathA jo prashnottarame.n nirUpaN huA ho usakA ekAntame.n vichAr kare.
isIprakAr jab tak apane a.ntara.ngame.n — jaisA upadesh diyA thA vaisA hI nirNay hokar
— bhAv
bhAsit na ho tab tak isI prakAr udyam kiyA kare.
tathA anyamatiyo.n dvArA jo kalpit tattvo.nkA upadesh diyA gayA hai, usase jain upadesh
anyathA bhAsit ho va sandeh ho — tab bhI pUrvokta prakArase udyam kare.
aisA udyam karane par jaisA jinadevakA upadesh hai vaisA hI satya hai, mujhe bhI isI
prakAr bhAsit hotA hai — aisA nirNay hotA hai; kyo.nki jinadev anyathAvAdI hai.n nahI.n.
yahA.N koI kahe ki jinadev yadi anyathAvAdI nahI.n hai.n to jaisA unakA upadesh hai
vaisA hI shraddhAn kar le.n, parIkShA kisaliye kare.n?
samAdhAnaH — parIkShA kiye binA yah to mAnanA ho sakatA hai ki jinadevane aisA kahA
hai so satya hai; parantu unakA bhAv apaneko bhAsit nahI.n hogA. tathA bhAv bhAsit hue
binA nirmal shraddhAn nahI.n hotA; kyo.nki jisakI kisIke vachanase hI pratItikI jAy, usakI
anyake vachanase anyathA bhI pratIti ho jAy; isaliye shaktiapekShA vachanase kI gaI pratIti
apratItivat hai. tathA jisakA bhAv bhAsit huA ho, use anek prakArase bhI anyathA nahI.n
mAnatA; isaliye bhAv bhAsit hone par jo pratIti hotI hai vahI sachchI pratIti hai.
yahA.N yadi kahoge ki puruShakI pramANatAse vachanakI pramANatA kI jAtI hai? to puruShakI
bhI pramANatA svayamev to nahI.n hotI; usake kuCh vachano.nkI parIkShA pahale kar lI jAye, tab
puruShakI pramANatA hotI hai.
prashnaH — upadesh to anek prakArake hai.n, kis-kisakI parIkShA kare.n?
samAdhAnaH — upadeshame.n koI upAdey, koI hey, tathA koI j~neyatattvo.nkA nirUpaN kiyA
jAtA hai. upAdey – hey tattvo.nkI to parIkShA kar lenA, kyo.nki iname.n anyathApanA honese apanA
burA hotA hai. upAdeyako hey mAn le.n to burA hogA, heyako upAdey mAn le.n to burA hogA.

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 259
phi ra vah kahegA — svaya.n parIkShA na kI aur jinavachanase hI upAdeyako upAdey jAne.n
tathA heyako hey jAne.n to isame.n kaise burA hogA?
samAdhAnaH — arthakA bhAv bhAsit hue binA vachanakA abhiprAy nahI.n pahichAnA jAtA.
yah to mAnale.n ki mai.n jinavachanAnusAr mAnatA hU.N, parantu bhAv bhAsit hue binA anyathApanA
ho jAye. lokame.n bhI nokarako kisI kAryake liye bhejate hai.n; vahA.N yadi vah us kAryakA
bhAv jAnatA ho to kAryako sudhAregA; yadi bhAv bhAsit nahI.n hogA to kahI.n chUk jAyegA.
isaliye bhAv bhAsit honeke artha hey – upAdey tattvo.nkI parIkShA avashya karanA chAhiye.
phi ra vah kahatA hai — yadi parIkShA anyathA ho jAye to kyA kyA kare.n?
samAdhAnaH — jinavachan aur apanI parIkShAme.n samAnatA ho, tab to jAne ki satya parIkShA
huI hai. jab tak aisA na ho tab tak jaise koI hisAb karatA hai aur usakI vidhi na
mile tab tak apanI chUkako DhU.NDhatA hai; usI prakAr yah apanI parIkShAme.n vichAr kiyA kare.
tathA jo j~neyatattva hai.n unakI parIkShA ho sake to parIkShA kare; nahI.n to yah anumAn
kare ki jo hey – upAdey tattva hI anyathA nahI.n kahe, to j~neyatattvo.nko anyathA kisaliye
kahe.nge? jaise — koI prayojanarUp kAryo.nme.n bhI jhUTh nahI.n bolatA, vah aprayojan jhUTh kyo.n
bolegA? isaliye j~neyatattvo.nkA svarUp parIkShA dvArA bhI athavA Aj~nAse jAne. yadi unakA
yathArtha bhAv bhAsit na ho to bhI doSh nahI.n hai.
isIliye jainashAstro.nme.n jahA.N tattvAdikakA nirUpaN kiyA; vahA.N to hetu, yukti Adi
dvArA jis prakAr use anumAnAdise pratIti Aye usIprakAr kathan kiyA hai. tathA trilok,
guNasthAn, mArgaNA, purANAdikake kathan Aj~nAnusAr kiye hai.n. isaliye heyopAdey tattvo.nkI
parIkShA karanA yogya hai.
vahA.N jIvAdik dravyo.n va tattvo.nko tathA sva-parako pahichAnanA. tathA tyAgane yogya
mithyAtva – rAgAdik aur karane yogya samyagdarshanAdikakA svarUp pahichAnanA. tathA nimitta-
naimittikAdik jaise hai.n, vaise pahichAnanA. — ityAdi mokShamArgame.n jinake jAnanese pravR^itti hotI
hai, unhe.n avashya jAnanA. so inakI to parIkShA karanA. sAmAnyarUpase kisI hetu-yukti dvArA
inako jAnanA, va pramAN – nay dvArA jAnanA, va nirdesh – svAmitvAdise aur sat – sa.nkhyAdise inake
visheSh jAnanA. jaisI buddhi ho — jaisA nimitta bane, usI prakAr inako sAmAnya-visheSharUpase
pahichAnanA. tathA is jAnaneme.n upakArI guNasthAn – mArgaNAdik va purANAdik va vratAdik –
kriyAdikakA bhI jAnanA yogya hai. yahA.N jinakI parIkShA ho sake unakI parIkShA karanA, na
ho sake unakI Aj~nAnusAr jAnakArI karanA.

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260 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
is prakAr jAnaneke artha kabhI svaya.n hI vichAr karatA hai, kabhI shAstra pa.DhtA hai,
kabhI sunatA hai, kabhI abhyAs karatA hai, kabhI prashnottar karatA hai, — ityAdirUp pravartatA hai.
apanA kArya karanekA isako harSha bahut hai, isaliye antara.ng pratItise usakA sAdhan karatA
hai. isaprakAr sAdhan karate hue jab tak (1) sachchA tattvashraddhAn na ho, (2) ‘yah isIprakAr
hai’ — aisI pratIti sahit jIvAditattvo.nkA svarUp Apako bhAsit na ho, (3) jaise paryAyame.n aha.nbuddhi
hai vaise keval AtmAme.n aha.nbuddhi na Aye, (4) hit-ahitarUp apane bhAvo.nko na pahichAne —
tab tak samyaktvake sanmukh mithyAdR^iShTi hai. yah jIv tho.De hI kAlame.n samyaktvako prApta hogA;
isI bhavame.n yA anya paryAyame.n samyaktvako prApta karegA.
is bhavame.n abhyAs karake paralokame.n tirya.nchAdi gatime.n bhI jAye to vahA.N sa.nskArake balase
dev-guru-shAstrake nimitta binA bhI samyaktva ho jAye, kyo.nki aise abhyAsake balase
mithyAtvakarmakA anubhAg hIn hotA hai. jahA.N usakA uday na ho vahI.n samyaktva ho jAtA
hai.
mUlakAraN yahI hai. devAdikakA to bAhya nimitta hai; so mukhyatAse to inake nimittasehI
samyaktva hotA hai; tAratamyase pUrva abhyAs-sa.nskArase vartamAname.n inakA nimitta na ho to bhI
samyaktva ho sakatA hai. siddhAntame.n ‘‘tannisargAdadhigamAdvA’’ (tattvArthasUtra 1-3) aisA sUtra hai.
isakA artha yah hai ki vah samyagdarshan nisarga athavA adhigamase hotA hai. vahA.N devAdik
bAhyanimittake binA ho use nisargase huA kahate hai.n; devAdikake nimittase ho, use adhigamase
huA kahate hai.n.
dekho, tattvavichArakI mahimA! tattvavichArarahit devAdikakI pratIti kare, bahut shAstro.nkA
abhyAs kare, vratAdik pAle, tapashcharaNAdi kare, usako to samyaktva honekA adhikAr nahI.n; aur
tattvavichAravAlA inake binA bhI samyaktvakA adhikArI hotA hai.
tathA kisI jIvako tattvavichAr honeke pahile koI kAraN pAkar devAdikakI pratIti
ho, va vrat-tapakA a.ngIkAr ho, pashchAt tattvavichAr kare; parantu samyaktvakA adhikArI
tattvavichAr hone par hI hotA hai.
tathA kisIko tattvavichAr honeke pashchAt tattvapratIti na honese samyaktva to nahI.n huA
aur vyavahAradharmakI pratIti – ruchi ho gaI, isaliye devAdikakI pratIti karatA hai va vrat-tapako
a.ngIkAr karatA hai. kisIko devAdikakI pratIti aur samyaktva yugapat hote hai.n tathA vrat-
tap samyaktvake sAth bhI hote hai.n aur pahale – pIChe bhI hote hai.n. devAdikakI pratItikA to

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 261
niyam hai, usake binA samyaktva nahI.n hotA. vratAdikA niyam hai nahI.n; bahut jIv to pahale
samyaktva ho pashchAt hI vratAdikako dhAraN karate hai.n, kinhI.nko yugapat bhI ho jAte hai.n.
isaprakAr yah tattvavichAravAlA jIv samyaktvakA adhikArI hai; parantu usake samyaktva ho hI
ho, aisA niyam nahI.n hai; kyo.nki shAstrame.n samyaktva honese pUrva pa.nchalabdhiyo.nkA honA kahA hai.
pA.Nch labdhiyo.nkA svarUp
kShayopasham, vishuddha, deshanA, prAyogya, karaNa. vahA.N jisake hone par tattvavichAr ho
sake — aisA j~nAnAvaraNAdi karmo.nkA kShayopasham ho arthAt udayakAlako prApta sarvaghAtI sparddhako.nke
niSheko.nke udayakA abhAv so kShay, tathA anAgatakAlame.n uday Ane yogya unhI.nkA sattArUp
rahanA upasham — aisI deshaghAtI sparddhako.nke uday sahit karmo.nkI avasthA usakA nAm kShayopasham
hai; usakI prApti so kShayopashamalabdhi hai.
tathA mohakA manda uday Anese mandakaShAyarUp bhAv ho.n ki jahA.N tattvavichAr ho sake
to vishuddhalabdhi hai.
tathA jinadevake upadiShTa tattvakA dhAraN ho, vichAr ho, so deshanAlabdhi hai. jahA.N
narakAdime.n upadeshakA nimitta na ho vahA.N vah pUrva sa.nskArase hotI hai.
tathA karmo.nkI pUrvasattA a.ntaHko.DAko.DI sAgar pramAN rah jAye aur navIn bandha
a.ntaHko.DAko.DI pramAN usake sa.nkhyAtave.n bhAgamAtra ho, vah bhI us labdhikAlase lagAkar kramashaH
ghaTatA jAye aur kitanI hI pApaprakR^ittiyo.nkA bandha kramashaH miTatA jAye — ityAdi yogya
avasthAkA honA so prAyogyalabdhi hai.
so ye chAro.n labdhiyA.N bhavya yA abhavyake hotI hai.n. ye chAr labdhiyA.N honeke bAd
samyaktva ho to ho, na ho to nahI.n bhI ho — aisA ‘labdhisAr’1 me.n kahA hai. isaliye us
tattvavichAravAleko samyaktva honekA niyam nahI.n hai. jaise — kisIko hitakI shikShA dI, use
jAnakar vah vichAr kare ki yah jo shikShA dI so kaise hai? pashchAt vichAr karane par usake
‘aise hI hai’ — aisI us shikShAkI pratIti ho jAye; athavA anyathA vichAr ho yA anya vichArame.n
lagakar us shikShAkA nirdhAr na kare to pratIti nahI.n bhI ho; usI prakAr shrIgurune tattvopadesh
diyA, use jAnakar vichAr kare ki yah upadesh diyA so kis prakAr hai? pashchAt vichAr
karane par usake ‘aisA hI hai’ — aisI pratIti ho jAye; athavA anyathA vichAr ho yA anya
vichArame.n lagakar upadeshakA nirdhAr na kare to pratIti nahI.n bhI ho, so mUl kAraN mithyAkarma
1. labdhisAr, gAthA 3

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262 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
hai, usakA uday miTe to pratIti ho jAye, na miTe to nahI.n ho; — aisA niyam hai. usakA
udyam to tattvavichAr karanA mAtra hI hai.
tathA pA.NchavI.n karaNalabdhi hone par samyaktva ho hI ho — aisA niyam hai. so jisake
pahale kahI huI chAr labdhiyA.N to huI ho.n aur a.ntarmuhUrta pashchAt jisake samyaktva honA ho
usI jIvake karaNalabdhi hotI hai.
so is kAraNalabdhivAleke buddhipUrvak to itanA hI udyam hotA hai ki us tattvavichArame.n
upayogako tadrUp hokar lagAye, usase samay-samay pariNAm nirmal hote jAte hai. jaise – kisIko
shikShAkA vichAr aisA nirmal hone lagA ki jisase usako shIghra hI usakI pratIti ho jAyegI;
usI prakAr tattvopadeshakA vichAr aisA nirmal hone lagA ki jisase usako shIghra hI usakA
shraddhAn ho jAyegA. tathA in pariNAmo.nkA tAratamya kevalaj~nAn dvArA dekhA, usakA nirUpaN
karaNAnuyogame.n kiyA hai.
is karaNalabdhike tIn bhed hai.n — adhaHkaraN, apUrvakaraN, anivR^ittikaraNa. inakA
visheSh vyAkhyAn to labdhisAr shAstrame.n kiyA hai vahA.Nse jAnanA. yahA.N sa.nkShepame.n kahate hai.n.
trikAlavartI sarva karaNalabdhivAle jIvo.nke pariNAmo.nkI apekShA ye tIn nAm hai.n. vahA.N karaN
nAm to pariNAmakA hai.
jahA.N pahale aur piChale samayo.nke pariNAm samAn ho.n so adhaHkaraN hai.1 jaise —
kisI jIvake pariNAm us karaNake pahale samayame.n alpa vishuddhatAsahit hue, pashchAt samay-
samay anantagunI vishuddhatAse ba.Dhte gaye, tathA usake dvitIy-tR^itIy Adi samayo.nme.n jaise pariNAm
ho.n vaise kinhI.n anya jIvo.nke pratham samayame.n hI ho.n aur unake usase samay-samay anantagunI
vishuddhatAse ba.Dhte ho.n — isaprakAr adhaHpravR^ittikaraN jAnanA.
tathA jisame.n pahale aur piChale samayo.nke pariNAm samAn na ho.n, apUrva hI ho.n, vah
apUrvakaraN hai. jaise ki us karaNake pariNAm jaise pahale samayame.n ho.n vaise kisI bhI jIvake
dvitIyAdi samayo.nme.n nahI.n hote, ba.Dhte hI hote hai.n; tathA yahA.N adhaHkaraNavat jin jIvo.nke karaNakA
pahalA samay hI ho, un anek jIvo.nke pariNAm paraspar samAn bhI hote hai.n aur adhik-
hIn vishuddhatA sahit bhI hote hai.n; parantu yahA.N itanA visheSh huA ki isakI utkR^iShTatAse bhI
dvitIyAdi samayavAleke jaghanya pariNAm bhI anantagunI vishuddhatA sahit hI hote hai.n. isIprakAr
1. labdhisAr, gAthA 35