Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (itrans transliteration). Athava Adhyay.

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 263

jinhe.n karaN prArambha kiye dvitIyAdi samay hue ho.n, unake us samayavAlo.nke pariNAm to paraspar
samAn yA asamAn hote hai.n; parantu Uparake samayavAlo.nke pariNAm us samay samAn sarvathA nahI.n
hote, apUrva hI hote hai.n. isaprakAr apUrvakaraN1 jAnanA.

tathA jisame.n samAn samayavartI jIvo.nke pariNAm samAn hI hote hai.n, nivR^itti arthAt paraspar

bhed usase rahit hote hai.n; jaise us karaNake pahale samayame.n sarva jIvo.nke pariNAm paraspar samAn
hote hai.n, usI prakAr dvitIyAdi samayo.nme.n paraspar samAnatA jAnanA; tathA prathamAdi samayavAlo.nse
dvitIyAdi samayavAlo.nke anantagunI vishuddhatA sahit hote hai.n. isaprakAr anivR^ittikaraN2

jAnanA.

is prakAr ye tIn karaN jAnanA.
vahA.N pahale antarmuhUrta kAlaparya.nt adhaHkaraN hotA hai. vahA.N chAr Avashyak hote hai.n —

samay-samay anantagunI vishuddhatA hotI hai; tathA ek ( — ek) antarmuhUrtase navIn bandhakI

sthiti ghaTatI jAtI hai, so sthitibandhApasaraN hai; tathA prashasta prakR^itiyo.nkA anubhAg samay-
samay anantagunA ba.DhtA hai; aur aprashasta prakR^itiyo.nkA anubhAg-bandha samay-samay anantave.n bhAg
hotA hai — isaprakAr chAr Avashyak hote hai.n.

vahA.N pashchAt apUrvakaraN hotA hai. usakA kAl adhaHkaraNake kAlake sa.nkhyAtave.n bhAg

hai. usame.n ye Avashyak aur hote hai.n — ek-ek antarmuhUrtase sattAbhUt pUrvakarmakI sthiti thI,

usako ghaTAtA hai so sthitikANDakaghAt hai; tathA usase ChoTe ek-ek antarmuhUrtase pUrvakarmake
anubhAgako ghaTAtA hai so anubhAgakANDakaghAt hai; tathA guNashreNIke kAlame.n kramashaH asa.nkhyAtagune
pramANasahit karmo.nko nirjarAke yogya karatA hai so guNashreNI nirjarA hai. tathA guN-sa.nkramaN
yahA.N nahI.n hotA, parantu anyatra apUrvakaraN ho vahA.N hotA hai.

1. samae samae bhiNNA bhAvA tamhA apuvvakaraNo hu..36.. (labdhisAr)

jamhA uvarimabhAvA heTThimabhAvehi.n Natthi sarisatta.n.
tamhA bidiya.n karaNa.n apuvvakaraNetti NiddiTTha.n..51.. (labdhisAr)
karaNa.n pariNAmo apuvvANi cha tANi karaNANi cha apuvvakaraNANi,
asamANapariNAmA tti ja.n utta.n hodi..

(dhavalA1-9-8-4)

2. egasamae vaTTa.ntANa.n jIvANa.n pariNAmehi Na vijjade NiyaTTI NivvittI jattha te aNiyaTTIpariNAmA.

(dhavalA 1-9-8-4)

ekkamhi kAlasamaye sa.nThANAdIhi.n jah NivaTTa.nti.
Na NivaTTa.nti tahA viy pariNAmehi.n miho jehi.n..56..(gommaTasAr jIvakANDa)

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264 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

isaprakAr apUrvakaraN honeke pashchAt anivR^ittikaraN hotA hai. usakA kAl apUrvakaraNake

bhI sa.nkhyAtave.n bhAg hai. usame.n pUrvokta Avashyak sahit kitanA hI kAl jAneke bAd
antarakaraN1 karatA hai, jo anivR^ittikaraNake kAl pashchAt uday Ane yogya aise mithyAtvakarmake

muhUrtamAtra niShek unakA abhAv karatA hai; un paramANuo.nko anya sthitirUp pariNamit karatA
hai. tathA antarakaraN karaneke pashchAt upashamakaraN karatA hai. antarakaraN dvArA abhAvarUp
kiye niSheko.nke UparavAle jo mithyAtvake niShek hai.n unako uday Aneke ayogya banAtA hai.
ityAdik kriyA dvArA anivR^ittikaraNake antasamayake anantar jin niSheko.nkA abhAv kiyA thA,
unakA kAl Aye, tab niSheko.nke binA uday kisakA AyegA? isaliye mithyAtvakA uday
na honese prathamopasham samyaktvakI prApti hotI hai. anAdi mithyAdR^iShTike samyaktva mohanIy aur
mishra mohanIyakI sattA nahI.n hai, isaliye vah ek mithyAtvakarmakA hI upasham karake upasham
samyagdR^iShTi hotA hai. tathA koI jIv samyaktva pAkar phi ra bhraShTa hotA hai, usakI dashA bhI
anAdi mithyAdR^iShTi jaisI ho jAtI hai.

yahA.N prashna hai ki parIkShA karake tattvashraddhAn kiyA thA, usakA abhAv kaise ho?
samAdhAn — jaise kisI puruShako shikShA dI. usakI parIkShA dvArA use ‘aise hI hai’ —

aisI pratIti bhI AyI thI; pashchAt kisI prakArase anyathA vichAr huA, isaliye us shikShAme.n
sandeh huA ki isaprakAr hai yA isaprakAr? athavA ‘na jAne kis prakAr hai?’ athavA us
shikShAko jhUTh jAnakar usase viparItatA huI tab use apratIti huI aur usake us shikShAkI
pratItikA abhAv ho gayA. athavA pahale to anyathA pratIti thI hI, bIchame.n shikShAke vichArase
yathArtha pratIti huI thI; parantu us shikShAkA vichAr kiye bahut kAl ho gayA, tab use bhUlakar
jaisI pahale anyathA pratIti thI vaisI hI svayamev ho gaI. tab us shikShAkI pratItikA abhAv
ho jAtA hai. athavA yathArtha pratIti pahale to kI, pashchAt na to koI anyathA vichAr kiyA,
na bahut kAl huA; parantu vaise hI karmodayase honahArake anusAr svayamev hI us pratItikA
abhAv hokar anyathApanA huA. aise anek prakArase us shikShAkI yathArtha pratItikA abhAv

1. kima.ntarakaraNa.n NAm? vivakkhiyakammANa.n heTThimovarimaTThidIo mottUN majjhe antomuhuttamettANa.n TThidINa.n

pariNAmaviseseN NisegANamabhAvIkaraNama.ntarakaraNamidi bhaNNade..(jayadhavalA, a0 pa0 953)

artha : — antarakaraNakA kyA svarUp hai? uttar : — vivakShitakarmo.nkI adhastan aur uparim sthitiyo.nko Cho.Dkar

madhyavartI a.ntarmuhUrtamAtra sthitiyo.nke niSheko.nkA pariNAm visheShake dvArA abhAv karaneko antarakaraN kahate
hai.n.

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 265

hotA hai. usIprakAr jIvako jinadevakA tattvAdirUp upadesh huA; usakI parIkShA karake use
‘aise hI hai’ aisA shraddhAn huA, pashchAt jaise pahale kahe the vaise anek prakArase us yathArtha
shraddhAnakA abhAv hotA hai. yah kathan sthUlarUpase batalAyA hai; tAratamyase to kevalaj~nAname.n
bhAsit hotA hai ki — ‘is samay shraddhAn hai aur is samay nahI.n hai;’ kyo.nki yahA.N mUlakAraN

mithyAtvakarma hai. usakA uday ho tab to anya vichArAdi kAraN mile.n yA na mile.n, svayamev
samyak shraddhAnakA abhAv hotA hai. aur usakA uday na ho tab anya kAraN mile.n yA
na mile.n, svayamev samyak shraddhAn ho jAtA hai. so aisI antara.ng samay-samay sambandhI
sUkShmadashAkA jAnanA Chadmasthako nahI.n hotA, isaliye ise apanI mithyA-samyak shraddhAnarUp
avasthAke tAratamyakA nishchay nahI.n ho sakatA; kevalaj~nAname.n bhAsit hotA hai. — is apekShA

guNasthAno.nkA palaTanA shAstrame.n kahA hai.

isaprakAr jo samyaktvase bhraShTa ho use sAdi mithyAdR^iShTi kahate hai.n — usake bhI punaH

samyaktvakI prAptime.n pUrvokta pA.Nch labdhiyA.N hotI hai.n. visheSh itanA ki yahA.N kisI jIvake
darshanamohakI tIn prakR^itiyo.nkI sattA hotI hai, so tIno.nkA upasham karake prathamopasham samyaktvI
hotA hai. athavA kisIke samyaktva mohanIyakA uday AtA hai, do prakR^itiyo.nkA uday nahI.n
hotA, vah kShayopasham samyaktvI hotA hai; usake guNashreNI Adi kriyA nahI.n hotI tathA
anivR^ittikaraN nahI.n hotA. tathA kisIko mishramohanIyakA uday AtA hai, do prakR^itiyo.nkA
uday nahI.n hotA, vah mishraguNasthAnako prApta hotA hai, usake karaN nahI.n hote. — isaprakAr

sAdi mithyAdR^iShTike mithyAtva ChUTane par dashA hotI hai. kShAyik samyaktvako vedak samyagdR^iShTi
hI prApta karatA hai, isaliye usakA kathan yahA.N nahI.n kiyA hai. isaprakAr sAdi mithyAdR^iShTikA
jaghanya to madhyam antarmuhUrtamAtra, utkR^iShTa ki.nchit nyUn arddhapudgalaparAvartanamAtra kAl jAnanA.

dekho, pariNAmo.nkI vichitratA! koI jIv to gyArahave.n guNasthAname.n yathAkhyAtachAritra prApta

karake punaH mithyAdR^iShTi hokar ki.nchit nyUn arddhapudgalaparAvartan kAl paryanta sa.nsArame.n rulatA
hai aur koI nitya nigodase nikalakar manuShya hokar mithyAtva ChUTaneke pashchAt antarmuhUrtame.n
kevalaj~nAn prApta karatA hai. aisA jAnakar apane pariNAm bigA.DnekA bhay rakhanA aur unake
sudhAranekA upAy karanA.

tathA us sAdi mithyAdR^iShTike tho.De kAl mithyAtvakA uday rahe to bAhya jainIpanA naShTa

nahI.n hotA, va tattvo.nkA ashraddhAn vyakta nahI.n hotA, va vichAr kiye binA hI va tho.De vichArase
hI samyaktvakI prApti ho jAtI hai. tathA bahut kAl tak mithyAtvakA uday rahe to jaisI

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266 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

anAdi mithyAdR^iShTikI dashA hotI hai vaisI isakI bhI dashA hotI hai. gR^ihIt-mithyAtvako bhI
vah grahaN karatA hai aur nigodAdime.n bhI rulatA hai. isakA koI pramAN nahI.n hai.

tathA koI jIv samyaktvase bhraShTa hokar sAsAdan hotA hai aur vahA.N jaghanya ek samay

utkR^iShTa Chah AvalI pramAN kAl rahatA hai. usake pariNAmakI dashA vachan dvArA kahaneme.n nahI.n
AtI. sUkShmakAl mAtra kisI jAtike kevalaj~nAnagamya pariNAm hote hai.n. vahA.N anantAnubandhIkA
to uday hotA hai, mithyAtvakA uday nahI.n hotA. so Agam-pramANase usakA svarUp jAnanA.

tathA koI jIv samyaktvase bhraShTa hokar mishraguNasthAnako prApta hotA hai. vahA.N

mishramohanIyakA uday hotA hai, isakA kAl madhyam antarmuhUrtamAtra hai. so isakA bhI kAl
tho.DA hai, isaliye isake bhI pariNAm kevalaj~nAnagamya hai.n. yahA.N itanA bhAsit hotA hai ki
jaise kisIko shikShA dI; use vah kuCh satya aur kuCh asatya ek hI kAlame.n mAne; usIprakAr
tattvo.nkA shraddhAn-ashraddhAn ek hI kAlame.n ho vah mishradashA hai.

kitane hI kahate hai.n — ‘hame.n to jinadev tathA anya dev sarva hI vandan karane yogya

hai.n’ — ityAdi mishrashraddhAnako mishraguNasthAn kahate hai.n, so aisA nahI.n hai; yah to pratyakSha

mithyAtvadashA hai. vyavahArarUp devAdikakA shraddhAn hone par bhI mithyAtva rahatA hai, tab isake
to dev-kudevakA kuCh nirNay hI nahI.n hai; isaliye isake to yah vinay mithyAtva pragaT hai —

aisA jAnanA.

isaprakAr samyaktvake sanmukh mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nkA kathan kiyA, prasa.ng pAkar anya bhI kathan

kiyA hai.

✾

isaprakAr jainamatavAle mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nke svarUpakA nirUpaN kiyA.
yahA.N ChoTeprakArake mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nkA kathan kiyA hai. usakA prayojan yah jAnanA ki

un prakAro.nko pahichAnakar apaneme.n aisA doSh ho to use dUr karake samyakshraddhAnI honA auro.nke
hI aise doSh dekh-dekhakar kaShAyI nahI.n honA; kyo.nki apanA bhalA-burA to apane pariNAmo.nse
hai. auro.nko to ruchivAn dekhe.n to kuCh upadesh dekar unakA bhI bhalA kare.n. isaliye apane
pariNAm sudhAranekA upAy karanA yogya hai; sarva prakArake mithyAtvabhAv Cho.Dkar samyagdR^iShTi honA
yogya hai; kyo.nki sa.nsArakA mUl mithyAtva hai, mithyAtvake samAn anya pAp nahI.n hai.

ek mithyAtva aur usake sAth anantAnubandhIkA abhAv hone par ikatAlIs

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sAtavA.N adhikAr ][ 267

prakR^ittiyo.nkA✽ to bandha hI miT jAtA hai, sthiti a.ntaHko.DAko.DI sAgarakI rah jAtI hai, anubhAg

tho.DA hI rah jAtA hai, shIghra hI mokShapadako prApta karatA hai. tathA mithyAtvakA sadbhAv rahane
par anya anek upAy karane par bhI mokShamArga nahI.n hotA. isaliye jis-tis upAyase
sarvaprakAr mithyAtvakA nAsh karanA yogya hai.

iti shrI mokShamArgaprakAshak nAmak shAstrame.n jainamatavAle mithyAdR^iShTiyo.nkA

nirUpaN jisame.n huA aisA (sAtavA.N) adhikAr

sampUrNa huA..7..

❁

✽

1 prakR^itiyo.nke nAm –

mithyAtva sambandhI 16H —

mithyAtva, hu.nDakasa.nsthAn, napu.nsakaved, narakagati, narakagatyAnupUrvI, narakAyu, asa.nprAptAsR^ipATikAsa.nhanan, jAti
4 (ekendriy, dvIndriy, trIndriy, chaturindriy), sthAvar, AtAp, sUkShma, aparyApta, sAdhAraNa.

anantAnubandhI sambandhI 25H —

anantAnubandhI krodh, mAn, mAyA, lobh; styAnagR^iddhi, nidrAnidrA, prachalAprachalA, durbhag, dusvar, anAdey,
aprashastavihAyogati, strIved, nIchagotra, tiryaggati, tiryaggatyAnupUrvI, tiryagAyu, udyot, sa.nsthAn 4 (nyagrodh,
svAti, kubjak, vAman), sa.nhanan 4 (vajranArAch, nArAch ardhanArAch aur kIlit).

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268 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

AThavA.N adhikAr

upadeshakA svarUp

ab mithyAdR^iShTi jIvo.nko mokShamArgakA upadesh dekar unakA upakAr karanA yahI uttam

upakAr hai. tIrtha.nkar, gaNadharAdik bhI aisA hI upakAr karate hai.n; isaliye is shAstrame.n bhI
unhI.nke upadeshAnusAr upadesh dete hai.n.

vahA.N upadeshakA svarUp jAnaneke artha kuCh vyAkhyAn karate hai.n; kyo.nki upadeshako yathAvat

na pahichAne to anyathA mAnakar viparIt pravartan kare. isaliye upadeshakA svarUp kahate hai.n.

jinamatame.n upadesh chAr anuyogake dvArA diyA hai. prathamAnuyog, karaNAnuyog,

charaNAnuyog, dravyAnuyog – yah chAr anuyog hai.n.

vahA.N tIrtha.nkar – chakravartI Adi mahAn puruSho.nke chAritrakA jisame.n nirUpaN kiyA ho vah

prathamAnuyog1hai. tathA guNasthAn – mArgaNAdirUp jIvakA va karmo.nkA va trilokAdikakA jisame.n

nirUpaN ho vah karaNAnuyog2 hai. tathA gR^ihastha-munike dharma-AcharaN karanekA jisame.n nirUpaN

ho vah charaNAnuyog3 hai. tathA ShaTdravya, saptatattvAdikakA va sva-parabhed-vij~nAnAdikakA jisame.n

nirUpaN ho vah dravyAnuyog4 hai.

anuyogo.nkA prayojan

ab inakA prayojan kahate hai.nH –

prathamAnuyogakA prayojan

prathamAnuyogame.n to sa.nsArakI vichitratA, puNya-pApakA phal, mahanta puruSho.nkI pravR^itti ityAdi

nirUpaNase jIvo.nko dharmame.n lagAyA hai. jo jIv tuchChabuddhi ho.n ve bhI usase dharmasanmukh hote
hai.n; kyo.nki ve jIv sUkShma nirUpaNako nahI.n pahichAnate, laukik kathAo.nko jAnate hai.n, vahA.N
unakA upayog lagatA hai. tathA prathamAnuyogame.n laukik pravR^ittirUp nirUpaN honese use ve bhalI-
bhA.Nti samajh jAte hai.n. tathA lokame.n to rAjAdikakI kathAo.nme.n pApakA poShaN hotA hai. yahA.N
mahantapuruSh rAjAdikakI kathAe.N to hai.n, parantu prayojan jahA.N-tahA.N pApako Chu.DAkar dharmame.n lagAnekA

1. ratnakaraNDa 2-2; 2. ratnakaraNDa 2-3; 3. ratnakaraNDa 2-4; 4. ratnakaraNDa 2-5.

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AThavA.N adhikAr ][ 269

pragaT karate hai.n; isaliye ve jIv kathAo.nke lAlachase to unhe.n pa.Dhte-sunate hai.n aur phi ra pApako
burA, dharmako bhalA jAnakar dharmame.n ruchiva.nt hote hai.n.

isaprakAr tuchChabuddhiyo.nko samajhAneke liye yah anuyog hai. ‘pratham’ arthAt ‘avyutpanna

mithyAdR^iShTi’, unake artha jo anuyog so prathamAnuyog hai. aisA artha gommaTasArakI TIkAme.n1

kiyA hai.

tathA jin jIvo.nke tattvaj~nAn huA ho, pashchAt is prathamAnuyogako pa.Dhe – sune.n to unhe.n

yah usake udAharaNarUp bhAsit hotA hai. jaise – jIv anAdinidhan hai, sharIrAdik sa.nyogI padArtha

hai.n, aisA yah jAnatA thA. tathA purANo.nme.n jIvo.nke bhavAntar nirUpaN kiye hai.n, ve us jAnaneke
udAharaN hue. tathA shubh-ashubh-shuddhopayogako jAnatA thA, va usake phalako jAnatA thA.
purANo.nme.n un upayogo.nkI pravR^itti aur unakA phal jIvake huA so nirUpaN kiyA hai. vahI
us jAnanekA udAharaN huA. isIprakAr anya jAnanA.

yahA.N udAharaNakA artha yah hai ki jis prakAr jAnatA thA, usIprakAr vahA.N kisI

jIvake avasthA huI; — -isaliye yah us jAnanekI sAkShI huI.

tathA jaise koI subhaT hai – vah subhaTo.nkI prasha.nsA aur kAyaro.nkI nindA jisame.n ho, aisI

kinhI.n purAN-puruSho.nkI kathA sunanese subhaTapaneme.n ati utsAhavAn hotA hai; usIprakAr dharmAtmA
hai – vah dharmAtmAo.nkI prasha.nsA aur pApiyo.nkI nindA jisame.n ho, aise kinhI.n purAN-puruSho.nkI kathA

sunanese dharmame.n ati utsAhavAn hotA hai.

isaprakAr yah prathamAnuyogakA prayojan jAnanA.

karaNAnuyogakA prayojan

tathA karaNAnuyogame.n jIvo.nke va karmo.nke visheSh tathA trilokAdikakI rachanA nirUpit karake

jIvo.nko dharmame.n lagAyA hai. jo jIv dharmame.n upayog lagAnA chAhate hai.n ve jIvo.nke guNasthAn-
mArgaNA Adi visheSh tathA karmo.nke kAraN – avasthA – phal kis-kisake kaise-kaise pAye jAte hai.n

ityAdi visheSh tathA trilokame.n narak-svargAdike ThikAne pahichAnakar pApase vimukh hokar dharmame.n
lagate hai.n. tathA aise vichArame.n upayog ram jAye tab pAp-pravR^itti ChUTakar svayamev tatkAl dharma
utpanna hotA hai; us abhyAsase tattvaj~nAnakI bhI prApti shIghra hotI hai. tathA aisA sUkShma yathArtha
kathan jinamatame.n hI hai, anyatra nahI.n hai; isaprakAr mahimA jAnakar jinamatakA shraddhAnI hotA hai.

1. prathama.n mithyAdR^iShTimavratikamavyutpanna.n vA pratipAdyamAshritya pravR^itto.anuyogo.adhikAraH prathamAnuyogaH.

(jI0 pra0 TI0 gA0 361-62)

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270 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

tathA jo jIv tattvaj~nAnI hokar is karaNAnuyogakA abhyAs karate hai.n, unhe.n yah usake

visheShaNarUp bhAsit hotA hai. jo jIvAdik tattvo.nko Ap jAnate hai, unhI.nke visheSh
karaNAnuyogame.n kiye hai.n; vahA.N kitane hI visheShaN to yathAvat nishchayarUp hai.n, kitane hI
upachArasahit vyavahArarUp hai.n, kitane hI dravya-kShetra-kAl bhAvAdikake svarUp pramANAdirUp hai.n,
kitane hI nimitta – AshrayAdi apekShA sahit hai.n — ityAdi anek prakArake visheShaN nirUpit kiye

hai.n, unhe.n jyo.nkA tyo.n mAnatA huA us karaNAnuyogakA abhyAs karatA hai.

is abhyAsase tattvaj~nAn nirmal hotA hai. jaise – koI yah to jAnatA thA ki yah

ratna hai, parantu us ratnake bahutase visheSh jAnane par nirmal ratnakA pArakhI hotA hai; usIprakAr
tattvo.nko jAnatA thA ki yah jIvAdik hai.n, parantu un tattvo.nke bahut visheSh jAne to nirmal
tattvaj~nAn hotA hai. tattvaj~nAn nirmal hone par Ap hI visheSh dharmAtmA hotA hai.

tathA anya ThikAne upayogako lagAye to rAgAdikakI vR^iddhi hotI hai aur ChadmasthakA

upayog nirantar ekAgra nahI.n rahatA; isaliye j~nAnI is karaNAnuyogake abhyAsame.n upayogako
lagAtA hai, usase kevalaj~nAn dvArA dekhe gaye padArtho.nkA jAnapanA isake hotA hai; pratyakSha-
apratyakShakA hI bhed hai, bhAsit honeme.n viruddhatA nahI.n hai.

isaprakAr yah karaNAnuyogakA prayojan jAnanA.
‘karaN’ arthAt gaNit-kAryake kAraNarUp sUtra, unakA jisame.n ‘anuyog’ – adhikAr ho

vah karaNAnuyog hai. isame.n gaNit varNanakI mukhyatA hai – aisA jAnanA.

charaNAnuyogakA prayojan

ab charaNAnuyogakA prayojan kahate hai.n. charaNAnuyogame.n nAnAprakAr dharmake sAdhan nirUpit

karake jIvo.nko dharmame.n lagAte hai.n. jo jIv hit-ahitako nahI.n jAnate, hi.nsAdik pApakAryo.nme.n
tatpar ho rahate hai.n; unhe.n jis prakAr pApakAryo.nko Cho.Dkar dharmakAryo.nme.n lage.n, us prakAr upadesh
diyA hai; use jAnakar jo dharma-AcharaN karaneko sanmukh hue, ve jIv gR^ihasthadharma va munidharmakA
vidhAn sunakar Apase jaisA sadhe vaise dharma-sAdhaname.n lagate hai.n.

aise sAdhanase kaShAy manda hotI hai aur usake phalame.n itanA to hotA hai ki kugatime.n

duHkh nahI.n pAte, kintu sugatime.n sukh prApta karate hai.n; tathA aise sAdhanase jinamatakA nimitta
banA rahatA hai, vahA.N tattvaj~nAnakI prApti honA ho to ho jAtI hai.

tathA jo jIv tattvaj~nAnI hokar charaNAnuyogakA abhyAs karate hai.n, unhe.n yah sarva AcharaN

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apane vItarAgabhAvake anusAr bhAsit hote hai.n. ekadesh va sarvadesh vItarAgatA hone par aisI
shrAvakadashA – munidashA hotI hai; kyo.nki inake nimitta-naimittikapanA pAyA jAtA hai. aisA jAnakar

shrAvak – munidharmake visheSh pahichAnakar jaisA apanA vItarAgabhAv huA ho vaisA apane yogya dharmako

sAdhate hai.n. vahA.N jitane a.nshame.n vItarAgatA hotI hai use kAryakArI jAnate hai.n, jitane a.nshame.n rAg
rahatA hai use hey mAnate hai.n; sampUrNa vItarAgatAko param dharma mAnate hai.n.

aisA charaNAnuyogakA prayojan hai.

dravyAnuyogakA prayojan

ab dravyAnuyogakA prayojan kahate hai.n. dravyAnuyogame.n dravyo.nkA va tattvo.nkA nirUpaN karake

jIvo.nko dharmame.n lagAte hai.n. jo jIv jIvAdik dravyo.nko va tattvo.nko nahI.n pahichAnate, Apako –

parako bhinna nahI.n jAnate; unhe.n hetu – dR^iShTAnta – yukti dvArA va pramAN-nayAdi dvArA unakA svarUp

is prakAr dikhAyA hai jisase unako pratIti ho jAye. usake abhyAsase anAdi aj~nAnatA
dUr hotI hai. anyamat kalpit tattvAdik jhUTh bhAsit ho.n tab jinamat kI pratIti ho aur
unake bhAvako pahichAnanekA abhyAs rakhe.n, to shIghra hI tattvaj~nAnakI prApti ho jAye.

tathA jinake tattvaj~nAn huA ho ve jIv dravyAnuyogakA abhyAs kare.n to unhe.n apane

shraddhAnake anusAr vah sarva kathan pratibhAsit hote hai.n. jaise – kisIne koI vidyA sIkh lI,

parantu yadi usakA abhyAs karatA rahe to vah yAd rahatI hai, na kare to bhUl jAtA hai.
isaprakAr isako tattvaj~nAn huA, parantu yadi usake pratipAdak dravyAnuyogakA abhyAs karatA
rahe to vah tattvaj~nAn rahatA hai, na kare to bhUl jAtA hai. athavA sa.nkSheparUpase tattvaj~nAn
huA thA, vah nAnA yukti – hetu – dR^iShTAntAdi dvArA spaShTa ho jAye to usame.n shithilatA nahI.n ho

sakatI. tathA is abhyAsase rAgAdi ghaTanese shIghra mokSha sadhatA hai.

isaprakAr dravyAnuyogakA prayojan jAnanA.

anuyogo.nke vyAkhyAnakA vidhAn

ab in anuyogo.nme.n kis prakAr vyAkhyAn hai, so kahate hai.nH –

prathamAnuyogake vyAkhyAnakA vidhAn

prathamAnuyogame.n jo mUl kathAe.N hai.n; ve to jaisI hai.n, vaisI hI nirUpit karate hai.n. tathA

uname.n prasa.ngopAt vyAkhyAn hotA hai; vah koI to jyo.nkA tyo.n hotA hai, koI granthakartAke
vichArAnusAr hotA hai; parantu prayojan anyathA nahI.n hotA.

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udAharaNaH — jaise – tIrtha.nkar devo.nke kalyANako.nme.n indra Aye, yah kathA to satya hai.

tathA indrane stutikI, usakA vyAkhyAn kiyA; so indrane to anya prakArase hI stuti kI thI
aur yahA.N granthakartAne anya hI prakArase stuti karanA likhA hai; parantu stutirUp prayojan anyathA
nahI.n huA. tathA paraspar kinhI.nke vachanAlAp huA; vahA.N unake to hI anya prakAr akShar
nikale the, yahA.N granthakartAne anya prakAr kahe; parantu prayojan ek hI dikhalAte hai.n. tathA
nagar, van, sa.ngrAmAdikake nAmAdik to yathAvat hI likhate hai.n aur varNan hInAdhik bhI
prayojanakA poShaN karatA huA nirUpit karate hai.n. – ityAdi isI prakAr jAnanA.

tathA prasa.ngarUp kathA bhI granthakartA apane vichArAnusAr kahate hai.n. jaise – dharmaparIkShAme.n

mUrkho.nkI kathA likhI; so vahI kathA manovegane kahI thI aisA niyam nahI.n hai; parantu mUrkhapanekA
poShaN karanevAlI koI kathA kahI thI aise abhiprAyakA poShaN karate hai.n. isIprakAr anyatra
jAnanA.

yahA.N koI kahe – ayathArtha kahanA to jain-shAstrame.n sambhav nahI.n hai?

uttaraH — anyathA to usakA nAm hai jo prayojan anyakA anya pragaT kare. jaise –

kisIse kahA ki tU aisA kahanA, usane ve hI akShar nahI.n kahe, parantu usI prayojan sahit
kahe to use mithyAvAdI nahI.n kahate – aisA jAnanA. yadi jaisekA taisA likhanekA sampradAy ho

to kisIne bahut prakArase vairAgya chintavan kiyA thA usakA sarva varNan likhanese grantha ba.Dh.h.h
jAyegA, tathA kuCh na likhanese usakA bhAv bhAsit nahI.n hogA, isaliye vairAgyake ThikAne
tho.DA-bahut apane vichArake anusAr vairAgya-poShak hI kathan kare.nge, sarAg-poShak kathan nahI.n
kare.nge. vahA.N prayojan anyathA nahI.n huA isaliye ayathArtha nahI.n kahate. isIprakAr anyatra
jAnanA.

tathA prathamAnuyogame.n jisakI mukhyatA ho usIkA poShaN karate hai.n. jaise – kisIne upavAs

kiyA, usakA to phal alpa thA, parantu use anya dharmapariNatikI visheShatA huI, isaliye
visheSh uchchapadakI prApti huI, vahA.N usako upavAsakA hI phal nirUpit karate hai.n. isIprakAr
anya jAnanA.

tathA jis prakAr kisIne shIlAdikakI pratij~nA dR^i.Dh.h.h rakhI va namaskAramantrakA smaraN

kiyA va anya dharma-sAdhan kiyA, usake kaShTa dUr hue, atishay pragaT hue; vahA.N unhI.nkA
vaisA phal nahI.n huA hai, parantu anya kisI karmake udayase vaise kArya hue hai.n; tathApi unako
un shIlAdikakA hI phal nirUpit karate hai.n. usI prakAr koI pApakArya kiyA, usako usIkA

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AThavA.N adhikAr ][ 273

to vaisA phal nahI.n huA hai, parantu anya karmake udayase nIchagatiko prApta huA athavA kaShTAdik
hue; use usI pApakAryakA phal nirUpit karate hai.n. – ityAdi isI prakAr jAnanA.

yahA.N koI kahe – aisA jhUTh phal dikhalAnA to yogya nahI.n hai; aise kathanako pramAN

kaise kare.n?

samAdhAnaH – jo aj~nAnI jIv bahut phal dikhAye binA dharmame.n na lage.n va pAp se na

Dare.n, unakA bhalA karaneke artha aisA varNan karate hai.n. jhUTh to tab ho, jab dharmake phalako
pApakA phal batalAye.n, pApake phalako dharmakA phal batalAye.n, parantu aisA to hai nahI.n. jaise –

das puruSh milakar koI kArya kare.n, vahA.N upachArase ek puruShakA bhI kiyA kahA jAye to
doSh nahI.n hai. athavA jisake pitAdikane koI kArya kiye ho.n, use ek jAti-apekShA upachArase
putrAdikakA kiyA kahA jAye to doSh nahI.n hai. usI prakAr bahut shubh va ashubh kAryo.nkA
ek phal huA, use upachArase ek shubh va ashubhakAryakA phal kahA jAye to doSh nahI.n
hai. athavA anya shubh va ashubhakAryakA phal jo huA ho use ek jAti-apekShA upachArase
kisI anya hI shubhakAryakA phal kahe.n to doSh nahI.n hai.

upadeshame.n kahI.n vyavahAravarNan hai, kahI.n nishchayavarNan hai. yahA.N upachArarUp vyavahAravarNan

kiyA hai, isaprakAr ise pramAN karate hai.n. isako tAratamya nahI.n mAn lenA; tAratamyakA to
karaNAnuyogame.n nirUpaN kiyA hai, so jAnanA.

tathA prathamAnuyogame.n upachArarUp kisI dharmakA a.ng hone par sampUrNa dharma huA kahate

hai.n. jaise – jin jIvo.nke sha.nkA-kA.nkShAdik nahI.n hue, unako samyaktva huA kahate hai.n; parantu kisI

ek kAryame.n sha.nkA-kA.nkShA na karanese hI to samyaktva nahI.n hotA, samyaktva to tattvashraddhAn hone
par hotA hai; parantu nishchayasamyaktvakA to vyavahArasamyaktvame.n upachAr kiyA aur
vyavahArasamyaktvake kisI ek a.ngame.n sampUrNa vyavahArasamyaktvakA upachAr kiyA – isaprakAr upachAr

dvArA samyaktva huA kahate hai.n.

tathA kisI jainashAstrakA ek a.ng jAnane par samyagj~nAn huA kahate hai.n. so sa.nshayAdi

rahit tattvaj~nAn hone par samyagj~nAn hotA hai; parantu yahA.N pUrvavat upachArase samyagj~nAn kahate hai.n.

tathA koI bhalA AcharaN hone par samyakchAritra huA kahate hai.n. vahA.N jisane jainadharma

a.ngIkAr kiyA ho va koI ChoTI-moTI pratij~nA grahaN kI ho; use shrAvak kahate hai.n. so
shrAvak to pa.nchamaguNasthAnavartI hone par hotA hai; parantu pUrvavat upachArase ise shrAvak kahA
hai. uttarapurAName.n shreNikako shrAvakottam kahA hai so vah to asa.nyat thA; parantu jain thA
isaliye kahA hai. isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.

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274 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

tathA jo samyaktvarahit munili.ng dhAraN kare, va dravyase bhI koI pratichAr lagAtA ho,

use muni kahate hai.n. so muni to ShaShThAdi guNasthAnavartI hone par hotA hai; parantu pUrvavat upachArase
use muni kahA hai. samavasaraNasabhAme.n muniyo.nkI sa.nkhyA kahI, vahA.N sarva hI shuddha bhAvali.ngI
muni nahI.n the; parantu munili.ng dhAraN karanese sabhIko muni kahA. isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.

tathA prathamAnuyogame.n koI dharmabuddhise anuchit kArya kare usakI bhI prasha.nsA karate hai.n.

jaise – viShNukumArane muniyo.nkA upasarga dUr kiyA so dharmAnurAgase kiyA; parantu munipad Cho.Dkar

yah kArya karanA yogya nahI.n thA; kyo.nki aisA kArya to gR^ihasthadharmame.n sambhav hai aur gR^ihasthadharmase
munidharma U.NchA hai; so U.NchA dharma Cho.Dkar nIchA dharma a.ngIkAr kiyA vah ayogya hai; parantu
vAtsalya a.ngakI pradhAnatAse viShNukumArajIkI prasha.nsA kI hai. is Chalase auro.nko U.NchA dharma
Cho.Dkar nIchA dharma a.ngIkAr karanA yogya nahI.n hai.

tathA jis prakAr gvAlene muniko agnise tapAyA, so karuNAse yah kArya kiyA; parantu

Aye hue upasargako to dUr kare, sahaj avasthAme.n jo shItAdikakA parIShah hotA hai, use
dUr karane par rati mAnanekA kAraN hotA hai aur unhe.n rati karanA nahI.n hai, tab ulTA upasarga
hotA hai. isIse vivekI unake shItAdikakA upachAr nahI.n karate. gvAlA avivekI thA,
karuNAse yah kArya kiyA, isaliye usakI prasha.nsA kI hai, parantu Chalase auro.nko dharmapaddhatime.n
jo viruddha ho vah karanA yogya nahI.n hai.

tathA jaise – vajrakaraN rAjAne si.nhodar rAjAko naman nahI.n kiyA, mudrikAme.n pratimA rakhI;

so ba.De-ba.De samyagdR^iShTi rAjAdikako naman karate hai.n, usame.n doSh nahI.n hai; tathA mudrikAme.n pratimA
rakhaneme.n avinay hotI hai, yathAvat vidhise aisI pratimA nahI.n hotI, isaliye is kAryame.n doSh
hai; parantu use aisA j~nAn nahI.n thA, use to dharmAnurAgase ‘mai.n aur ko naman nahI.n karU.NgA’
aisI buddhi huI; isaliye usakI prasha.nsA kI hai. parantu is Chalase auro.nko aise kArya karanA
yogya nahI.n hai.

tathA kitane hI puruSho.nne putrAdikakI prAptike artha athavA rog – kaShTAdi dUr karaneke

artha chaityAlay pUjanAdi kArya kiye, stotrAdi kiye, namaskAramantra smaraN kiyA; parantu aisA
karanese to niHkA.nkShitaguNakA abhAv hotA hai, nidAnabandha nAmak ArtadhyAn hotA hai, pApakA
hI prayojan antara.ngame.n hai, isaliye pApakA hI bandha hotA hai; parantu mohit hokar bahut
pApabandhakA kAraN kudevAdikA to pUjanAdi nahI.n kiyA, itanA usakA guN grahaN karake usakI
prasha.nsA karate hai.n. is Chalase auro.nko laukik kAryo.nke artha dharma-sAdhan karanA yukta nahI.n hai.
isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.

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AThavA.N adhikAr ][ 275

isI prakAr prathamAnuyogame.n anya kathan bhI ho.n, unhe.n yathAsambhav jAnakar bhramarUp nahI.n

honA.

karaNAnuyogake vyAkhyAnakA vidhAn

ab, karaNAnuyogame.n kisaprakAr vyAkhyAn hai so kahate hai.nH –

jaisA kevalaj~nAn dvArA jAnA vaisA karaNAnuyogame.n vyAkhyAn hai. tathA kevalaj~nAn dvArA

to bahut jAnA, parantu jIvake kAryakArI jIv – karmAdikakA va trilokAdikakA hI nirUpaN

isame.n hotA hai. tathA unakA bhI svarUp sarva nirUpit nahI.n ho sakatA, isaliye jis prakAr
vachanagochar hokar Chadmasthake j~nAname.n unakA kuCh bhAv bhAsit ho, us prakAr sa.nkuchit karake
nirUpaN karate hai.n. yahA.N udAharaN – jIvake bhAvo.nkI apekShA guNasthAn kahe hai.n, ve bhAv

anantasvarUpasahit vachanagochar nahI.n hai.n, vahA.N bahut bhAvo.nkI ek jAti karake chaudah guNasthAn
kahe hai.n. tathA jIvo.nko jAnaneke anek prakAr hai.n, vahA.N mukhya chaudah mArgaNAkA nirUpaN kiyA
hai. tathA karmaparamANu ananta prakAr shaktiyukta hai.n, uname.n bahuto.nko ek jAti karake ATh
va ek sau a.DtAlIs prakR^itiyA.N kahI hai.n. tathA trilokame.n anek rachanAe.N hai.n, vahA.N kuCh mukhya
rachanAo.nkA nirUpaN kahate hai.n. tathA pramANake ananta bhed hai.n, vahA.N sa.nkhyAtAdi tIn bhed va
inake ikkIs bhed nirUpit kiye hai.n. isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.

tathA karaNAnuyogame.n yadyapi vastuke kShetra, kAl, bhAvAdik akha.nDit hai.n; tathApi Chadmasthako

hInAdik j~nAn honeke artha pradesh, samay, avibhAg-pratichChedAdikakI kalpanA karake unakA pramAN
nirUpit karate hai.n. tathA ek vastume.n bhinna-bhinna guNo.nkA va paryAyo.nkA bhed karake nirUpaN
karate hai.n. tathA jIv-pudgalAdik yadyapi bhinna-bhinna hai.n; tathApi sambandhAdik dvArA anek dravyase
utpanna gati, jAti Adi bhedo.nko ek jIvake nirUpit karate hai.n, – ityAdi vyAkhyAn

vyavahAranayakI pradhAnatA sahit jAnanA, kyo.nki vyavahArake binA visheSh nahI.n jAn sakatA.
tathA kahI.n nishchayavarNan bhI pAyA jAtA hai. jaise – jIvAdik dravyo.nkA pramAN nirUpaN kiyA,

vahA.N bhinna-bhinna itane hI dravya hai.n. vah yathAsambhav jAn lenA.

tathA karaNAnuyogame.n jo kathan hai.n ve kitane hI to Chadmasthake pratyakSha-anumAnAdigochar

hote hai.n, tathA jo na ho.n unhe.n Aj~nApramAN dvArA mAnanA. jis prakAr jIv-pudgalake sthUl
bahut kAlasthAyI manuShyAdi paryAye.n va ghaTAdi paryAye.n nirUpit kI.n, unake to pratyakSha anumAnAdi
ho sakate hai.n; parantu pratisamay sUkShmapariNamanakI apekShA j~nAnAdikake va snigdha-rUkShAdikake a.nsh
nirUpit kiye hai.n ve Aj~nAse hI pramAN hote hai.n. isI prakAr anyatra jAnanA.

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tathA karaNAnuyogame.n Chadmastho.nkI pravR^ittike anusAr varNan nahI.n kiyA hai, keval- j~nAnagamya

padArtho.nkA nirUpaN hai. jis prakAr kitane hI jIv to dravyAdikakA vichAr karate hai.n va
vratAdik pAlate hai.n; parantu unake antara.ng samyaktvachAritra shakti nahI.n hai, isaliye unako
mithyAdR^iShTi – avratI kahate hai.n. tathA kitane hI jIv dravyAdikake va vratAdikake vichAr rahit

hai.n, anya kAryo.nme.n pravartate hai.n, va nidrAdi dvArA nirvichAr ho rahe hai.n; parantu unake samyaktvAdi
shaktikA sadbhAv hai, isaliye unako samyaktvI va vratI kahate hai.n.

tathA kisI jIvake kaShAyo.nkI pravR^itti to bahut hai aur usake a.ntara.ng kaShAyashakti tho.DI

hai, to use mandakaShAyI kahate hai.n. tathA kisI jIvake kaShAyo.nkI pravR^itti to tho.DI hai aur unake
a.ntara.ng kaShAyashakti bahut hai, to use tIvrakaShAyI kahate hai.n. jaise – vya.ntarAdik dev kaShAyo.nse

nagar nAshAdi kArya karate hai.n, tathApi unake tho.DI kaShAyashaktise pIt leshyA kahI hai. aur
ekendriyAdik jIv kaShAyakArya karate dikhAI nahI.n dete, tathApi unake bahut kaShAyashaktise kR^iShNAdi
leshyA kahI hai. tathA sarvArthasiddhike dev kaShAyarUp tho.De pravartate hai.n, unake bahut kaShAyashaktise
asa.nyam kahA hai. aur pa.ncham guNasthAnI vyApAr, abrahmAdi kaShAyakAryarUp bahut pravartate hai.n;
unake mandakaShAyashaktise deshasa.nyam kahA hai. isI prakAr anyatra jAnanA.

tathA kisI jIvake man-vachan-kAyakI cheShTA tho.DI hotI dikhAI de, tathApi karmAkarShaN

shaktikI apekShA bahut yog kahA hai. kisIke cheShTA bahut dikhAI de, tathApi shaktikI hInatAse
alpa yog kahA hai. jaise – kevalI gamanAdi kriyArahit hue, vahA.N bhI unake yog bahut kahA

hai. dvIndriyAdik jIv gamanAdi karate hai.n, tathApi unake yog alpa kahA hai. isIprakAr
anyatra jAnanA.

tathA kahI.n jisakI vyaktatA kuCh bhAsit nahI.n hotI, tathApi sUkShmashaktike sadbhAvase

usakA vahA.N astitva kahA hai. jaise – munike abrahma kArya kuCh nahI.n hai, tathApi navave.n

guNasthAnaparyanta maithun sa.nj~nA kahI hai. ahamindro.nke duHkhakA kAraN vyakta nahI.n hai, tathApi kadAchit
asAtAkA uday kahA hai. isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.

tathA karaNAnuyog samyagdarshan-j~nAn-chAritrAdik dharmakA nirUpaN karmaprakR^itiyo.nke

upashamAdikakI apekShAsahit, sUkShmashakti jaise pAyI jAtI hai vaise guNasthAnAdime.n nirUpaN karatA
hai va samyagdarshanAdike viShayabhUt jIvAdiko.nkA bhI nirUpaN sUkShmabhedAdi sahit karatA hai. yahA.N
koI karaNAnuyog anusAr Ap udyam kare to ho nahI.n sakatA; karaNAnuyogame.n to yathArtha padArtha
batalAnekA mukhya prayojan hai, AcharaN karAnekI mukhyatA nahI.n hai. isaliye yah to

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AThavA.N adhikAr ][ 277

charaNAnuyogAdikake anusAr pravartan kare, usase jo kArya honA hai vah svayamev hI hotA hai.
jaise – Ap karmoke upashamAdi karanA chAhe to kaise ho.nge? Ap to tattvAdikakA nishchay karanekA

udyam kare, usase svayamev hI upashamAdi samyaktva hote hai.n. isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.

ek antarmuhUrtame.n gyArahave.n guNasthAnase girakar kramashaH mithyAdR^iShTi hotA hai aur cha.Dhkar

kevalaj~nAn utpanna karatA hai. so aise samyaktvAdike sUkShmabhAv buddhigochar nahI.n hote. isaliye
karaNAnuyogake anusAr jaisekA taisA jAn to le, parantu pravR^itti buddhigochar jaise bhalA ho vaisI kare.

tathA karaNAnuyogame.n kahI.n upadeshakI mukhyatA sahit vyAkhyAn hotA hai, use sarvathA usI

prakAr nahI.n mAnanA. jaise – hi.nsAdikake upAyako kumatij~nAn kahA hai; anya matAdikake

shAstrAbhyAsako kushrutaj~nAn kahA hai; burA dikhe, bhalA na dikhe, use vibha.ngaj~nAn kahA hai; so inako
Cho.Dneke artha upadesh dvArA aisA kahA hai. tAratamyase mithyAdR^iShTike sabhI j~nAn kuj~nAn hai.n,
samyagdR^iShTike sabhI j~nAn suj~nAn hai.n. isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.

tathA kahI.n sthUl kathan kiyA ho use tAratamyarUp nahI.n jAnanA. jis prakAr vyAsase

tInagunI paridhi kahI jAtI hai, parantu sUkShmatAse kuCh adhik tInagunI hotI hai. isIprakAr anyatra
jAnanA.

tathA kahI.n mukhyatAkI apekShA vyAkhyAn ho use sarvaprakAr nahI.n jAnanA. jaise – mithyAdR^iShTi

aur sAsAdan guNasthAnavAlo.nko pApajIv kahA hai, asa.nyatAdi guNasthAnavAlo.nko puNyajIv kahA
hai, so mukhyapanese aisA kahA hai; tAratamyase dono.nke pAp-puNya yathAsambhav pAye jAte hai.n.
isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.

aise hI aur bhI nAnAprakAr pAye jAte hai.n, unhe.n yathAsambhav jAnanA.
is prakAr karaNAnuyogame.n vyAkhyAnakA vidhAn batalAyA.

charaNAnuyogake vyAkhyAnakA vidhAn

ab, charaNAnuyogame.n vyAkhyAnakA vidhAn batalAte hai.nH –

charaNAnuyogame.n jisaprakAr jIvo.nke apanI buddhigochar dharmakA AcharaN ho vaisA upadesh

diyA hai. vahA.N dharma to nishchayarUp mokShamArga hai vahI hai, usake sAdhanAdik upachArase dharma
hai.n. isaliye vyavahAranayakI pradhAnatAse nAnAprakAr upachAr-dharmake bhedAdiko.nkA isame.n nirUpaN
kiyA jAtA hai; kyo.nki nishchayadharmame.n to kuCh grahaN-tyAgakA vikalpa nahI.n hai aur isake nichalI
avasthAme.n vikalpa ChUTatA nahI.n hai; isaliye is jIvako dharmavirodhI kAryo.nko ChuDAnekA aur
dharmasAdhanAdi kAryoko grahaN karAnekA upadesh isame.n hai.

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278 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

vah upadesh do prakArase diyA jAtA hai – ek to vyavahArakA hI upadesh dete hai.n, ek

nishchayasahit vyavahArakA upadesh dete hai.n.

vahA.N jin jIvo.nke nishchayakA j~nAn nahI.n hai va upadesh dene par bhI nahI.n hotA dikhAI

detA aise mithyAdR^iShTi jIv kuCh dharmasanmukh hone par unhe.n vyavahArakA hI upadesh dete hai.n.
tathA jin jIvo.nko nishchay – vyavahArakA j~nAn hai va upadesh dene par unakA j~nAn hotA dikhAI

detA hai – aise samyagdR^iShTi jIv va samyaktvasanmukh mithyAdR^iShTi jIv unako nishchayasahit vyavahArakA

upadesh dete hai.n; kyo.nki shrIguru sarva jIvo.nke upakArI hai.n.

so asa.nj~nI jIv to upadesh grahaN karane yogya nahI.n hai.n, unakA to upakAr itanA

hI kiyA ki aur jIvo.nko unakI dayAkA upadesh diyA.

tathA jo jIv karmaprabalatAse nishchayamokShamArgako prApta nahI.n ho sakate, unakA itanA hI

upakAr kiyA ki unhe.n vyavahAradharmakA upadesh dekar kugatike duHkho.nke kAraN pApakArya Chu.DAkar
sugatike indriyasukho.nke kAraNarUp puNyakAryo.nme.n lagAyA. vahA.N jitane duHkh miTe utanA hI upakAr
huA.

tathA pApIko to pApavAsanA hI rahatI hai aur kugatime.n jAtA hai, vahA.N dharmakA nimitta

nahI.n hai, isaliye paramparAse duHkh hI prApta karatA rahatA hai. tathA puNyavAnako dharmavAsanA rahatI
hai aur sugatime.n jAtA hai, vahA.N dharmake nimitta prApta hote hai.n, isaliye paramparAse sukhako prApta
karatA hai; athavA karma shaktihIn ho jAye to mokShamArgako bhI prApta ho jAtA hai; isaliye
vyavahAr-upadesh dvArA pApase Chu.DAkar puNyakAryo.nme.n lagAte hai.n.

tathA jo jIv mokShamArgako prApta hue va prApta hone yogya hai.n; unakA aisA upakAr

kiyA ki unako nishchayasahit vyavahArakA upadesh dekar mokShamArgame.n pravartit kiyA.

shrIguru to sarvakA aisA hI upakAr karate hai.n; parantu jin jIvo.nkA aisA upakAr na

bane to shrIguru kyA kare.n? – jaisA banA vaisA hI upakAr kiyA; isaliye do prakArase upadesh

dete hai.n.

vahA.N vyavahAr-upadeshame.n to bAhya kriyAo.nkI hI pradhAnatA hai; unake upadeshase jIv

pApakriyA Cho.Dkar puNyakriyAo.nme.n pravartatA hai, vahA.N kriyAke anusAr pariNAm bhI tIvrakaShAy
Cho.Dkar kuCh mandakaShAyI ho jAte hai.n, so mukhyarUpase to is prakAr hai; parantu kisIke na
ho.n to mat hoo, shrIguru to pariNAm sudhAraneke artha bAhya kriyAo.nkA upadesh dete hai.n.

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AThavA.N adhikAr ][ 279

tathA nishchayasahit vyavahArake upadeshame.n pariNAmo.nkI hI pradhAnatA hai; usake upadeshase

tattvaj~nAnake abhyAs dvArA va vairAgya-bhAvanA dvArA pariNAm sudhAre vahA.N pariNAmake anusAr
bAhyakriyA bhI sudhar jAtI hai. pariNAm sudharane par bAhyakriyA sudharatI hI hai; isaliye shrIguru
pariNAm sudhAranekA mukhya upadesh dete hai.n.

isaprakAr do prakArake upadeshame.n jahA.N vyavahArakA hI upadesh ho vahA.N samyagdarshanake artha

arahantadev, nirgrantha guru, dayA-dharmako hI mAnanA aurako nahI.n mAnanA; tathA jIvAdik tattvo.nkA
vyavahArasvarUp kahA hai usakA shraddhAn karanA; sha.nkAdi pachchIs doSh na lagAnA; niHsha.nkitAdi
a.ng va sa.nvegAdik guNo.nkA pAlan karanA ityAdi upadesh dete hai.n.

tathA samyagj~nAnake artha jinamatake shAstro.nkA abhyAs karanA, artha – vya.njanAdi a.ngo.nkA

sAdhan karanA ityAdi upadesh dete hai.n. tathA samyakchAritrake artha ekadesh va sarvadesh hi.nsAdi
pApo.nkA tyAg karanA, vratAdi a.ngo.nkA pAlan karanA ityAdi upadesh dete hai.n. tathA kisI jIvake
visheSh dharmakA sAdhan na hotA jAnakar ek Akha.DI AdikakA hI upadesh dete hai.n. jaise –

bhIlako kauekA mA.Ns Chu.DvAyA, gvAleko namaskAramantra japanekA upadesh diyA, gR^ihasthako chaityAlay,
pUjA-prabhAvanAdi kAryakA upadesh dete hai.n, – ityAdi jaisA jIv ho use vaisA upadesh dete hai.n.

tathA jahA.N nishchayasahit vyavahArakA upadesh ho, vahA.N samyagdarshanake artha yathArtha tattvo.nkA

shraddhAn karAte hai.n. unakA to nishchayasvarUp hai so bhUtArtha hai, vyavahArasvarUp hai so upachAr
hai – aise shraddhAnasahit va sva-parake bhedaj~nAn dvArA paradravyame.n rAgAdi Cho.Dneke prayojanasahit un

tattvo.nkA shraddhAn karanekA upadesh dete hai.n. aise shraddhAnase arahantAdike sivA anya devAdik
jhUTh bhAsit ho.n tab svayamev unakA mAnanA ChUT jAtA hai, usakA bhI nirUpaN karate hai.n.
tathA samyagj~nAnake artha sa.nshayAdirahit unhI.n tattvo.nko usI prakAr jAnanekA upadesh dete hai.n,
vah jAnaneko kAraN jinashAstro.nkA abhyAs hai. isaliye us prayojanake artha jinashAstro.nkA
bhI abhyAs svayamev hotA hai; usakA nirUpaN karate hai.n. tathA samyakchAritrake artha rAgAdi
dUr karanekA upadesh dete hai.n; vahA.N ekadesh va sarvadesh tIvrarAgAdikakA abhAv hone par unake
nimittase jo ekadesh va sarvadesh pApakriyA hotI thI vah ChUTatI hai, tathA ma.ndarAgase shrAvak –

munike vrato.nkI pravR^itti hotI hai aur ma.ndarAgakA bhI abhAv hone par shuddhopayogakI pravR^itti hotI
hai, usakA nirUpaN karate hai.n.

tathA yathArtha shraddhAn sahit samyagdR^iShTiyo.nke jaise koI yathArtha Akha.DI hotI hai yA bhakti

hotI hai yA pUjA-prabhAvanAdi kArya hote hai.n yA dhyAnAdik hote hai.n unakA upadesh dete hai.n.
jinamatame.n jaisA sachchA paramparAmArga hai vaisA upadesh dete hai.n.

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280 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

is tarah do prakArase charaNAnuyogame.n upadesh jAnanA.
tathA charaNAnuyogame.n tIvra kaShAyo.nkA kArya Chu.DAkar ma.ndakaShAyarUp kArya karanekA upadesh

dete hai.n. yadyapi kaShAy karanA burA hI hai, tathApi sarva kaShAy na ChUTate jAnakar jitane kaShAy
ghaTe.n utanA hI bhalA hogA — aisA prayojan vahA.N jAnanA. jaise — jin jIvo.nke ArambhAdik

karanekI va mandirAdi banavAnekI, va viShay sevanakI va krodhAdi karanekI ichChA sarvathA dUr
hotI na jAne, unhe.n pUjA-prabhAvanAdik karanekA va chaityAlayAdi banavAnekA va jinadevAdikake
Age shobhAdik, nR^itya-gAnAdik karanekA va dharmAtmA puruSho.nkI sahAy Adi karanekA upadesh
dete hai.n; kyo.nki iname.n paramparA kaShAyakA poShaN nahI.n hotA. pApakAryo.nme.n paramparA kaShAyakA
poShaN hotA hai, isaliye pApakAryo.nse Chu.DAkar in kAryo.nme.n lagAte hai.n. tathA tho.DA-bahut jitanA
ChUTatA jAne utanA pApakArya Chu.DAkar unhe.n samyaktva va aNuvratAdi pAlanekA upadesh dete hai.n.
tathA jin jIvo.nke sarvathA ArambhAdikakI ichChA dUr huI hai, unako pUrvokta pUjAdik kArya
va sarva pApakArya Chu.DAkar mahAvratAdi kriyAo.nkA upadesh dete hai.n. tathA ki.nchit rAgAdik ChUTate
jAnakar unhe.n dayA, dharmopadesh, pratikramaNAdi kArya karanekA upadesh dete hai.n. jahA.N sarva rAg
dUr huA ho vahA.N kuCh karanekA kArya hI nahI.n rahA; isaliye unhe.n kuCh upadesh hI nahI.n hai. –

aisA kram jAnanA.

tathA charaNAnuyogame.n kaShAyI jIvo.nko kaShAy utpanna karake bhI pApako Chu.DAte hai.n aur

dharmame.n lagAte hai.n. jaise – pApakA phal narakAdikake duHkh dikhAkar unako bhay kaShAy utpanna

karake pApakArya Chu.DvAte hai.n, tathA puNyake phal svargAdikake sukh dikhAkar unhe.n lobh kaShAy
utpanna karake dharmakAryo.nme.n lagAte hai.n. tathA yah jIv indriyaviShay, sharIr, putra, dhanAdikake
anurAgase pAp karatA hai, dharma-parA~N.hmukh rahatA hai; isaliye indriyaviShayo.nko maraN, kleshAdike
kAraN batalAkar uname.n arati kaShAy karAte hai.n. sharIrAdiko ashuchi batalAkar vahA.N jugupsA
kaShAy karAte hai.n; putrAdikako dhanAdikake grAhak batalAkar vahA.N dveSh karAte hai.n; tathA dhanAdikako
maraN, kleshAdikakA kAraN batalAkar vahA.N aniShTabuddhi karAte hai.n. – ityAdi upAyo.nse viShayAdime.n

tIvra rAg dUr honese unake pApakriyA ChUTakar dharmame.n pravR^itti hotI hai. tathA nAmasmaraN,
stutikaraN, pUjA, dAn, shIlAdikase is lokame.n dAridray kaShTa dUr hote hai.n, putra-dhanAdikakI
prApti hotI hai, – isaprakAr nirUpaN dvArA unake lobh utpanna karake un dharmakAryo.nme.n lagAte hai.n.

isI prakAr anya udAharaN jAnanA.
yahA.N prashna hai ki koI kaShAy Chu.DAkar koI kaShAy karAnekA prayojan kyA?

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AThavA.N adhikAr ][ 281

samAdhAnaH – jaise rog to shItA.ng bhI hai aur jvar bhI hai; parantu kisIkA shItA.ngase

maraN hotA jAne, vahA.N vaidya usako jvar honekA upAy karatA hai aur jvar honeke pashchAt
usake jInekI AshA ho tab bAdame.n jvarako bhI miTAnekA upAy karatA hai. usI prakAr
kaShAy to sabhI hey hai.n; parantu kinhI.n jIvo.nke kaShAyo.nse pApakArya hotA jAne, vahA.N shrIguru
unako puNyakAryake kAraNabhUt kaShAy honekA upAy karate hai.n, pashchAt usake sachchI dharmabuddhi
huI jAne.n tab bAdame.n vah kaShAy miTAnekA upAy karate hai.n. aisA prayojan jAnanA.

tathA charaNAnuyogame.n jaise jIv pAp Cho.Dkar dharmame.n lage.n vaise anek yuktiyo.n dvArA varNan

karate hai.n. vahA.N laukik dR^iShTAnta, yukti, udAharaN, nyAyavR^ittike dvArA samajhAte hai.n va kahI.n
anyamatake bhI udAharaNAdi kahate hai.n. jaise – ‘sUktamuktAvalI’ me.n lakShmIko kamalavAsinI kahI

va samudrame.n viSh aur lakShmI utpanna hue us apekShA use viShakI bhaginI kahI hai. isIprakAr
anyatra kahate hai.n.

vahA.N kitane hI udAharaNAdi jhUThe bhI hai.n; parantu sachche prayojanakA poShaN karate hai.n, isaliye

doSh nahI.n hai.

yahA.N koI kahe ki jhUThakA to doSh lagatA hai?
usakA uttaraH — yadi jhUTh bhI hai aur sachche prayojanakA poShaN kare to use jhUTh nahI.n

kahate. tathA sach bhI hai aur jhUThe prayojanakA poShaN kare to vah jhUTh hI hai.

ala.nkAr – yukti – nAmAdikame.n vachan apekShA jhUTh-sach nahI.n hai, prayojan apekShA jhUTh-sach

hai. jaise – tuchCha shobhAsahit nagarIko indrapurIke samAn kahate hai.n so jhUTh hai, parantu shobhAke

prayojanakA poShaN karatA hai, isaliye jhUTh nahI.n hai. tathA ‘is nagarIme.n Chatrako hI da.nD hai
anyatra nahI.n hai’ – aisA kahA so jhUTh hai; anyatra bhI daNDa denA pAyA jAtA hai, parantu vahA.N

anyAyavAn tho.De hai.n aur nyAyavAnako daNDa nahI.n dete, aise prayojanakA poShaN karatA hai, isaliye
jhUTh nahI.n hai. tathA bR^ihaspatikA nAm ‘suraguru’ likhA hai va ma.ngalakA nAm ‘kuj’ likhA hai
so aise nAm anyamat apekShA hai.n. — inakA akSharArtha hai so jhUThA hai; parantu vah nAm us

padArthakA artha pragaT karatA hai, isaliye jhUTh nahI.n hai.

isaprakAr anya matAdikake udAharaNAdi dete hai.n so jhUTh hai.n; parantu udAharaNAdikakA

to shraddhAn karAnA hai nahI.n, shraddhAn to prayojanakA karAnA hai aur prayojan sachchA hai, isaliye
doSh nahI.n hai.

tathA charaNAnuyogame.n ChadmasthakI buddhigochar sthUlapanekI apekShAse lokapravR^ittikI mukhyatA

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282 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak

sahit upadesh dete hai.n; parantu kevalaj~nAnagochar sUkShmapanekI apekShA nahI.n dete; kyo.nki usakA
AcharaN nahI.n ho sakatA. yahA.N AcharaN karanekA prayojan hai.

jaise – aNuvratIke trasahi.nsAkA tyAg kahA hai aur usake strI-sevanAdi kriyAo.nme.n trasahi.nsA

hotI hai. yah bhI jAnatA hai ki jinavANIme.n yahA.N tras kahe hai.n; parantu isake tras mAranekA
abhiprAy nahI.n hai aur lokame.n jisakA nAm trasaghAt hai use nahI.n karatA hai; isaliye us
apekShA usake trasahi.nsAkA tyAg hai.

tathA munike sthAvarahi.nsAkA bhI tyAg kahA hai; parantu muni, pR^ithvI, jalAdime.n gamanAdi

karate hai.n vahA.N sarvathA trasakA bhI abhAv nahI.n hai; kyo.nki tras jIvo.nkI bhI avagAhanA itanI
ChoTI hotI hai ki jo dR^iShTigochar na ho aur unakI sthiti pR^ithvI, jalAdikame.n hI hai – aisA

muni jinavANIse jAnate hai.n va kadAchit avadhij~nAnAdi dvArA bhI jAnate hai.n; parantu unake pramAdase
sthAvar-trasahi.nsAkA abhiprAy nahI.n hai. tathA lokame.n bhUmi khodanA tathA aprAsuk jalase kriyA
karanA ityAdi pravR^ittikA nAm sthAvarahi.nsA hai aur sthUl tras jIvo.nko pI.Dit karanekA nAm
trasahi.nsA hai – use nahI.n karate; isaliye muniko sarvathA hi.nsAkA tyAg kahate hai.n. tathA isIprakAr

asatya, stey, abrahma, parigrahakA tyAg kahA hai.

kevalaj~nAnake jAnanekI apekShA to asatyavachanayog bArahave.n guNasthAnaparyanta kahA hai,

adattakarmaparamANu Adi paradravyakA grahaN terahave.n guNasthAnaparyanta hai, vedakA uday navave.n guNasthAn-
paryanta hai, antara.ng parigrah dasave.n guNasthAnaparyanta hai, bAhyaparigrah samavasaraNAdi kevalIke bhI hotA
hai; parantu (muniko) pramAdase pAparUp abhiprAy nahI.n hai aur lokapravR^ittime.n jin kriyAo.n dvArA
‘yah jhUTh bolatA hai, chorI karatA hai, kushIl sevan karatA hai, parigrah rakhatA hai’ – ityAdi nAm

pAtA hai, ve kriyAe.N inake nahI.n hai; isaliye asatyAdikA inake tyAg kahA jAtA hai.

tathA jis prakAr munike mUlaguNo.nme.n pa.nchendriyo.nke viShayakA tyAg kahA hai; parantu indriyo.nkA

jAnanA to miTatA nahI.n hai aur viShayo.nme.n rAg-dveSh sarvathA dUr huA ho to yathAkhyAtachAritra
ho jAye so huA nahI.n hai; parantu sthUlarUpase viShayechChAkA abhAv huA hai aur bAhyaviShayasAmagrI
milAnekI pravR^itti dUr huI hai; isaliye unake indriyaviShayakA tyAg kahA hai.

isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.
tathA vratI jIv tyAg va AcharaN karatA hai so charaNAnuyogakI paddhati anusAr va

lokapravR^ittike anusAr tyAg karatA hai. jaise – kisIne trasahi.nsAkA tyAg kiyA, vahA.N

charaNAnuyogame.n va lokame.n jise trasahi.nsA kahate hai.n usakA tyAg kiyA hai, kevalaj~nAnAdi dvArA
jo tras dekhe jAte hai.n unakI hi.nsAkA tyAg banatA hI nahI.n. vahA.N jis trasahi.nsAkA tyAg

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