Moksha-Marg Prakashak-Hindi (itrans transliteration). Nauva Adhyay.

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AThavA.N adhikAr ][ 303
poShaN kiyA hai; parantu rAgAdi ba.DhAnekA prayojan kahI.n nahI.n hai, isaliye jinamatakA sarva kathan
nirdoSh hai. aur anyamatame.n kahI.n rAgAdi miTAneke prayojan sahit kathan karate hai.n, kahI.n rAgAdi
ba.DhAneke prayojan sahit kathan karate hai.n; isIprakAr anya bhI prayojanakI viruddhatA sahit kathan
karate hai.n, isaliye anyamatakA kathan sadoSh hai. lokame.n bhI ek prayojanakA poShaN karanevAle
nAnA kathan kahe use prAmANik kahA jAtA hai aur anya-anya prayojanakA poShaN karanevAlI
bAt kare use bAvalA kahate hai.n.
tathA jinamatame.n nAnAprakArake kathan hai.n so bhinna-bhinna apekShA sahit hai.n vahA.N doSh nahI.n
hai. anyamatame.n ek hI apekShA sahit anya-anya kathan karate hai.n vahA.N doSh hai. jaise –
jinadevake vItarAgabhAv hai aur samavasaraNAdi vibhUti bhI pAyI jAtI hai, vahA.N virodh nahI.n
hai. samavasaraNAdi vibhUtikI rachanA indrAdik karate hai.n, unako usame.n rAgAdik nahI.n hai, isaliye
dono.n bAte.n sambhavit hai.n. aur anyamatame.n Ishvarako sAkShIbhUt vItarAg bhI kahate hai.n tathA usIke
dvArA kiye gaye kAm-krodhAdibhAv nirUpit karate hai.n, so ek AtmAko hI vItarAgapanA aur
kAm-krodhAdi bhAv kaise sambhavit hai.n? isIprakAr anyatra jAnanA.
tathA kAladoShase jinamatame.n ek hI prakArase koI kathan viruddha likhe hai.n; so yah
tuchChabuddhiyo.nkI bhUl hai, kuCh matame.n doSh nahI.n hai. vahA.N bhI jinamatakA atishay itanA hai
ki pramANaviruddha kathan koI nahI.n kar sakatA. kahI.n saurIpurame.n, kahI dvArAvatIme.n neminAth
svAmIkA janma likhA hai; so kahI.n bhI ho, parantu nagarame.n janma honA pramANaviruddha nahI.n hai,
Aj bhI hote dikhAI dete hai.n.
tathA anyamatame.n sarvaj~nAdik yathArtha j~nAniyo.nke rache hue grantha batalAte hai.n, parantu uname.n
paraspar viruddhatA bhAsit hotI hai. kahI.n to bAlabrahmachArIkI prasha.nsA karate hai.n, kahI.n kahate
hai.n – ‘putra binA gati nahI.n hotI’ – so dono.n sachche kaise ho.n? aise kathan vahA.N bahut pAye jAte
hai.n. tathA uname.n pramANaviruddha kathan pAye jAte hai.n. jaise – ‘mukhame.n vIrya giranese maChalIke putra
huA’, so aisA is kAlame.n kisIke hotA dikhAI nahI.n detA aur anumAnase bhI nahI.n milatA –
aise kathan bhI bahut pAye jAte hai.n. yadi yahA.N sarvaj~nAdikakI bhUl mAne to ve kaise bhUle.nge?
aur viruddha kathan mAnaneme.n nahI.n AtA; isaliye unake matame.n doSh ThaharAte hai.n. aisA jAnakar
ek jinamatakA hI upadesh grahaN karane yogya hai.
anuyogo.nkA abhyAsakram
vahA.N prathamAnuyogAdikA abhyAs karanA. pahale isakA abhyAs karanA, phi ra isakA

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304 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
karanA aisA niyam nahI.n hai, parantu apane pariNAmo.nkI avasthA dekhakar jisake abhyAsase apanI
dharmame.n pravR^itti ho usIkA abhyAs karanA. athavA kabhI kisI shAstrakA abhyAs kare, kabhI
kisI shAstrakA abhyAs kare. tathA jaise—srojanAmacheme.n to anek rakame.n jahA.N-tahA.N likhI
hai.n, unakI khAteme.n ThIk khataunI kare to len-denakA nishchay ho; usIprakAr shAstro.nme.n to anek
prakAr upadesh jahA.N-tahA.N diyA hai, use samyagj~nAname.n yathArtha prayojanasahit pahichAne to hit-
ahitakA nishchay ho.
isaliye syAtpadakI sApekShatA sahit samyagj~nAn dvArA jo jIv jinavachano.nme.n ramate hai.n,
ve jIv shIghra hI shuddhAtmasvarUpako prApta hote hai.n. mokShamArgame.n pahalA upAy Agamaj~nAn kahA
hai, Agamaj~nAn binA dharmakA sAdhan nahI.n ho sakatA, isaliye tumhe.n bhI yathArtha buddhi dvArA
AgamakA abhyAs karanA. tumhArA kalyAN hogA.
– iti shrI mokShamArgaprakAshak nAmak shAstrame.n upadeshasvarUpapratipAdak
AThavA.N adhikAr sampUrNa huA..8..
❁

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AThavA.N adhikAr ][ 305
nauvA.N adhikAr
mokShamArgakA svarUp
dohA — shiv upAy karate.n pratham, kAran ma.ngalarUp.
vighan vinAshak sukhakaran, namau.n shuddha shivabhUp..
ab, mokShamArgakA svarUp kahate hai.n. pratham, mokShamArgake pratipakShI jo mithyAdarshanAdikA
unakA svarUp batalAyA – unhe.n to duHkhakA kAraN jAnakar, hey mAnakar unakA tyAg karanA.
tathA bIchame.n upadeshakA svarUp batalAyA use jAnakar upadeshako yathArtha samajhanA. ab, mokShake
mArga jo samyagdarshanAdi unakA svarUp batalAte hai.n – unhe.n sukharUp, sukhakA kAraN jAnakar, upAdey
mAnakar a.ngIkAr karanA; kyo.nki AtmAkA hit mokSha hI hai; usIkA upAy AtmAkA kartavya
hai; isaliye usIkA upadesh yahA.N dete hai.n.
AtmAkA hit mokSha hI hai
vahA.N, AtmAkA hit mokSha hI hai anya nahI.n; — aisA nishchay kisaprakAr hotA hai so
kahate hai.n.
AtmAke nAnAprakAr guN-paryAyarUp avasthAe.N pAyI jAtI hai.n; uname.n anya to koI
avasthA ho, AtmAkA kuCh bigA.D.h.h-sudhAr nahI.n hai; ek duHkh-sukh avasthAse bigA.D.h.h-sudhAr hai.
yahA.N kuCh hetu – dR^iShTAnta nahI.n chAhiye; pratyakSha aisA hI pratibhAsit hotA hai.
lokame.n jitane AtmA hai.n unake ek upAy yah pAyA jAtA hai ki duHkh na ho, sukh
ho; tathA anya bhI jitane upAy karate hai.n ve sab ek isI prayojanasahit karate hai.n dUsarA
prayojan nahI.n hai. jinake nimittase duHkh hotA jAne.n unako dUr karanekA upAy karate hai.n
aur jinake nimitta sukh hotA jAne.n unake honekA upAy karate hai.n.
tathA sa.nkoch – vistAr Adi avasthA bhI AtmAke hI hotI hai, va anek paradravyo.nkA
bhI sa.nyog milatA hai; parantu jinase sukh-duHkh hotA na jAne, unake dUr karanekA va honekA
kuCh bhI upAy koI nahI.n karatA.
so yahA.N AtmadravyakA aisA hI svabhAv jAnanA. aur to sarva avasthAo.nko sah
sakatA hai, ek duHkhako nahI.n sah sakatA. paravashatAse duHkh ho to yah kyA kare, use

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306 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
bhogatA hai; parantu svavashatAse to ki.nchit bhI duHkhako sahan nahI.n karatA. tathA sa.nkoch-vistArAdi
avasthA jaisI ho vaisI hoo, use svavashatAse bhI bhogatA hai; vahA.N svabhAvame.n tarka nahI.n hai.
AtmAkA aisA hI svabhAv jAnanA.
dekho, duHkhI ho tab sonA chAhatA hai; vahA.N soneme.n j~nAnAdik manda ho jAte hai.n, parantu
ja.D.h.h sarIkhA bhI hokar duHkhako dUr karanA chAhatA hai. tathA maranA chAhatA hai; vahA.N maraneme.n
apanA nAsh mAnatA hai, parantu apanA astitva khokar bhI duHkh dUr karanA chAhatA hai. isaliye
ek duHkharUp paryAyakA abhAv karanA hI isakA kartavya hai.
tathA duHkh na ho vahI sukh hai; kyo.nki AkulatAlakShaNasahit duHkh usakA abhAv hI
nirAkulalakShaN sukh hai; so yah bhI pratyakSha bhAsit hotA hai. bAhya kisI sAmagrIkA sa.nyog mile –
jisake antara.ngame.n AkulatA hai vah duHkhI hI hai; jisake AkulatA nahI.n hai vah sukhI hai. tathA
AkulatA hotI hai vah rAgAdik kaShAyabhAv hone par hotI hai; kyo.nki rAgAdibhAvo.nse yah to
dravyo.nko anya prakAr pariNamit karanA chAhe aur ve dravya anya prakAr pariNamit ho.n; tab isake
AkulatA hotI hai. vahA.N yA to apane rAgAdi dUr ho.n, yA Ap chAhe usIprakAr sarvadravya
pariNamit ho.n to AkulatA miTe; parantu sarvadravya to isake AdhIn nahI.n hai.n. kadAchit koI
dravya jaisI isakI ichChA ho usI prakAr pariNamit ho, tab bhI isakI AkulatA sarvathA dUr
nahI.n hotI; sarva kArya jaise yah chAhe vaise hI ho.n, anyathA na ho.n, tab yah nirAkul rahe; parantu
yah to ho hI nahI.n sakatA; kyo.nki kisI dravyakA pariNaman kisI dravyake AdhIn nahI.n hai.
isaliye apane rAgAdibhAv dUr hone par nirAkulatA ho, so yah kArya ban sakatA hai; kyo.nki
rAgAdibhAv AtmAke svabhAv to hai.n nahI.n, aupAdhikabhAv hai.n, paranimittase hue hai.n aur vah nimitta
mohakarmakA uday hai; usakA abhAv hone par sarva rAgAdik vilay ho jAye.n tab AkulatAkA
nAsh hone par duHkh dUr ho, sukhakI prApti ho. isaliye mohakarmakA nAsh hitakArI hai.
tathA us AkulatAkA sahakArI kAraN j~nAnAvaraNAdikakA uday hai. j~nAnAvaraN,
darshanAvaraNake udayase j~nAn-darshan sampUrNa pragaT nahI.n hote; isaliye isako dekhane-jAnanekI
AkulatA hotI hai. athavA yathArtha sampUrNa vastukA svabhAv nahI.n jAnatA tab rAgAdirUp hokar
pravartatA hai, vahA.N AkulatA hotI hai.
tathA a.ntarAyake udayase ichChAnusAr dAnAdi kArya na bane.n, tab AkulatA hotI hai.
unakA uday hai vah mohakA uday hone par AkulatAko sahakArI kAraN hai; mohake udayakA
nAsh hone par unakA bal nahI.n hai; antarmuhUrtakAlame.n apane Ap nAshako prApta hote hai.n; parantu

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nauvA.N adhikAr ][ 307
sahakArI kAraN bhI dUr ho jAye tab pragaTarUp nirAkuladashA bhAsit hotI hai. vahA.N kevalaj~nAnI
bhagavAn anantasukharUp dashAko prApta kahe jAte hai.n.
tathA aghAti karmo.nke udayake nimittase sharIrAdikakA sa.nyog hotA hai; vahA.N mohakarmakA
uday honese sharIrAdikA sa.nyog AkulatAko bAhya sahakArI kAraN hai. antara.ng mohake udayase
rAgAdik ho.n aur bAhya aghAti karmo.nke udayase rAgAdikake kAraN sharIrAdikakA sa.nyog ho –
tab AkulatA utpanna hotI hai. tathA mohake udayakA nAsh hone par bhI aghAti karmakA uday
rahatA hai, vah kuCh bhI AkulatA utpanna nahI.n kar sakatA; parantu pUrvame.n AkulatAkA sahakArI
kAraN thA, isaliye aghAti karmakA bhI nAsh AtmAko iShTa hI hai. kevalIko inake hone
par bhI kuCh duHkh nahI.n hai, isaliye inake nAshakA udyam bhI nahI.n hai; parantu mohakA nAsh
hone par yah karma apane Ap tho.De hI kAlame.n sarvanAshako prApta ho jAte hai.n.
isaprakAr sarva karmo.nkA nAsh honA AtmAkA hit hai. tathA sarva karmake nAshakA hI
nAm mokSha hai. isaliye AtmAkA hit ek mokSha hI hai aur kuCh nahI.n – aisA nishchay karanA.
yahA.N koI kahe – sa.nsAradashAme.n puNyakarmakA uday hone par bhI jIv sukhI hotA hai; isaliye
keval mokSha hI hit hai, aisA kisaliye kahate hai.n?
samAdhAnaH – sa.nsAradashAme.n sukh to sarvathA hai hI nahI.n; duHkh hI hai. parantu kisIke kabhI
bahut duHkh hotA hai, kisIke kabhI tho.DA duHkh hotA hai; so pUrvame.n bahut duHkh thA va anya
jIvo.nke bahut duHkh pAyA jAtA hai, us apekShAse tho.De duHkhavAleko sukhI kahate hai.n. tathA
usI abhiprAyase tho.De duHkhavAlA apaneko sukhI mAnatA hai; paramArthase sukh hai nahI.n. tathA
yadi tho.DA bhI duHkh sadAkAl rahatA ho to use bhI hitarUp ThaharAye.n, so vah bhI nahI.n hai;
tho.De kAl hI puNyakA uday rahatA hai aur vahA.N tho.DA duHkh hotA hai, pashchAt bahut duHkh
ho jAtA hai; isaliye sa.nsAraavasthA hitarUp nahI.n hai.
jaise – kisIko viShamajvar hai; usako kabhI asAtA bahut hotI hai, kabhI tho.DI hotI
hai. tho.DI asAtA ho to vah apaneko achChA mAnatA hai. log bhI kahate hai.n — achChA hai;
parantu paramArthase jabatak jvarakA sadbhAv hai tabatak achChA nahI.n hai. usI prakAr sa.nsArIko
mohakA uday hai; usako kabhI AkulatA bahut hotI hai, kabhI tho.DI hotI hai. tho.DI AkulatA
ho tab vah apaneko sukhI mAnatA hai. log bhI kahate hai.n — sukhI hai; parantu paramArthase jab
tak mohakA sadbhAv hai tab tak sukh nahI.n hai.
tathA suno, sa.nsAradashAme.n bhI AkulatA ghaTane par sukh nAm pAtA hai, AkulatA ba.Dhne
par duHkh nAm pAtA hai; kahI.n bAhyasAmagrIse sukh-duHkh nahI.n hai. jaise — kisI daridrIko ki.nchit

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dhanakI prApti huI – vahA.N kuCh AkulatA ghaTanese use sukhI kahate hai.n aur vah bhI apaneko
sukhI mAnatA hai. tathA kisI bahut dhanavAnako ki.nchit dhanakI hAni huI – vahA.N kuCh AkulatA
ba.Dhnese use duHkhI kahate hai.n aur vah bhI apaneko duHkhI mAnatA hai.
isIprakAr sarvatra jAnanA.
tathA AkulatA ghaTanA-ba.DhnA bhI bAhya sAmagrIke anusAr nahI.n hai, kaShAyabhAvo.nke ghaTane-
ba.Dhneke anusAr hai. jaise – kisIko tho.DA dhan hai aur use santoSh hai, to use AkulatA
tho.DI hotI hai; tathA kisIko bahut dhan hai aur usake tR^iShNA hai, to use AkulatA bahut
hai. tathA kisIko kisIne bahut burA kahA use krodh nahI.n huA to usako AkulatA nahI.n
hotI; aur tho.DI bAte.n kahanese hI krodh ho Aye to usako AkulatA bahut hotI hai.
tathA jaise gAyako baCha.Dese kuCh prayojan nahI.n hai, parantu moh bahut hai, isaliye usakI rakShA
karanekI bahut AkulatA hotI hai; tathA subhaT ke sharIrAdikase bahut kArya sadhate hai.n, parantu
raName.n mAnAdikake kAraN sharIrAdikase moh ghaT jAye, tab maranekI bhI tho.DI AkulatA hotI
hai. isaliye aisA jAnanA ki sa.nsAr-avasthAme.n bhI AkulatA ghaTane-ba.Dhnese hI sukh-duHkh mAne
jAte hai.n. tathA AkulatAkA ghaTanA-ba.DhnA rAgAdik kaShAy ghaTane-ba.Dhneke anusAr hai.
tathA paradravyarUp bAhyasAmagrIke anusAr sukh-duHkh nahI.n hai. kaShAyase isake ichChA utpanna
ho aur isakI ichChA anusAr bAhyasAmagrI mile, tab isake kuCh kaShAyakA upashaman honese
AkulatA ghaTatI hai, tab sukh mAnatA hai – aur ichChAnusAr sAmagrI nahI.n milatI, tab kaShAy
ba.Dhnese AkulatA ba.DhtI hai aur duHkh mAnatA hai. so hai to isaprakAr; parantu yah jAnatA
hai ki mujhe paradravyake nimittase sukh-duHkh hote hai.n. aisA jAnanA bhram hI hai. isaliye yahA.N
aisA vichAr karanA ki sa.nsAr-avasthAme.n ki.nchit kaShAy ghaTanese sukh mAnate hai.n, use hit jAnate
hai.n; – to jahA.N sarvathA kaShAy dUr hone par va kaShAyake kAraN dUr hone par param nirAkulatA
honese ananta sukh prApta hotA hai — aisI mokSha-avasthAko kaise hit na mAne.n?
tathA sa.nsAr-avasthAme.n uchchapadako prApta kare to bhI yA to viShayasAmagrI milAnekI
AkulatA hotI hai, yA viShay-sevanakI AkulatA hotI hai, yA apaneko anya kisI krodhAdi
kaShAyase ichChA utpanna ho use pUrNa karanekI AkulatA hotI hai; kadApi sarvathA nirAkul nahI.n
ho sakatA; abhiprAyame.n to anek prakArakI AkulatA banI hI rahatI hai. aur koI AkulatA
miTAneke bAhya upAy kare; so pratham to kArya siddha nahI.n hotA; aur yadi bhavitavyayogase
vah kArya siddha ho jAye to tatkAl anya AkulatA miTAneke upAyame.n lagatA hai. isaprakAr

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nauvA.N adhikAr ][ 309
AkulatA miTAnekI AkulatA nirantar banI rahatI hai. yadi aisI AkulatA na rahe to vah
naye-naye viShayasevanAdi kAryo.nme.n kisaliye pravarttatA hai? isaliye sa.nsAr-avasthAme.n puNyake udayase
indra-ahamindrAdi pad prApta kare to bhI nirAkulatA nahI.n hotI, duHkhI hI rahatA hai. isaliye
sa.nsAr-avasthA hitakArI nahI.n hai.
tathA mokSha-avasthAme.n kisI bhI prakArakI AkulatA nahI.n rahI, isaliye AkulatA
miTAnekA upAy karanekA bhI prayojan nahI.n hai; sadAkAl shA.nt rasase sukhI rahate hai.n, isaliye
mokSha-avasthA hI hitakArI hai. pahale bhI sa.nsAr-avasthAke duHkhakA aur mokSha-avasthAke sukhakA
visheSh varNan kiyA hai, vah isI prayojanake artha kiyA hai. use bhI vichAr kar mokShako
hitarUp jAnakar mokShakA upAy karanA. sarva upadeshakA tAtparya itanA hai.
puruShArthase hI mokShaprApti
yahA.N prashna hai ki mokShakA upAy kAlalabdhi Ane par bhavitavyAnusAr banatA hai, yA
mohAdike upashamAdi hone par banatA hai, yA apane puruShArthase udyam karane par banatA hai so
kaho. yadi pratham dono.n kAraN milane par banatA hai to hame.n upadesh kisaliye dete ho?
aur puruShArthase banatA hai to upadesh sab sunate hai.n, uname.n koI upAy kar sakatA hai, koI
nahI.n kar sakatA; so kAraN kyA?
samAdhAnaH – ek kArya honeme.n anek kAraN milate hai.n. so mokShakA upAy banatA hai vahA.N
to pUrvokta tIno.n hI kAraN milate hai.n aur nahI.n banatA vahA.N tIno.n hI kAraN nahI.n milate. pUrvokta
tIn kAraN kahe uname.n kAlalabdhi va honahAr to koI vastu nahI.n hai; jis kAlame.n kArya banatA
hai vahI kAlalabdhi aur jo kArya huA vahI honahAra. tathA jo karmake upashamAdik hai.n vah
pudgalakI shakti hai usakA AtmA kartAhartA nahI.n hai. tathA puruShArthase udyam karate hai.n so yah
AtmAkA kArya hai; isalie AtmAko puruShArthase udyam karanekA upadesh dete hai.n.
vahA.N yah AtmA jis kAraNase kAryasiddhi avashya ho us kAraNarUp udyam kare, vahA.N
to anya kAraN milate hI milate hai.n aur kAryakI bhI siddhi hotI hI jAtI hai. tathA
jis kAraNase kAryakI siddhi ho athavA nahI.n bhI ho, us kAraNarUp udyam kare, vahA.N anya
kAraN mile.n to kAryasiddhi hotI hai, na mile.n to siddhi nahI.n hotI.
so jinamatame.n jo mokShakA upAy kahA hai, isase mokSha hotA hI hotA hai. isaliye
jo jIv puruShArthase jineshvarake upadeshAnusAr mokShakA upAy karatA hai usake kAlalabdhi va
honahAr bhI hue aur karmake upashamAdi hue hai.n to vah aisA upAy karatA hai. isaliye jo

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310 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
puruShArthase mokShakA upAy karatA hai, usako sarva kAraN milate hai.n aur usake avashya mokShakI
prApti hotI hai – aisA nishchay karanA. tathA jo jIv puruShArthase mokShakA upAy nahI.n karatA usake
kAlalabdhi va honahAr bhI nahI.n aur karmake upashamAdi nahI.n hue hai.n to yah upAy nahI.n karatA.
isaliye jo puruShArthase mokShakA upAy nahI.n karatA, usako koI kAraN nahI.n milate aur usako
mokShakI prApti nahI.n hotI – aisA nishchay karanA.
tathA tU kahatA hai – upadesh to sabhI sunate hai.n, koI mokShakA upAy kar sakatA hai,
koI nahI.n kar sakatA; so kAraN kyA?
usakA kAraN yahI hai ki jo upadesh sunakar puruShArtha karate hai.n ve mokShakA upAy
kar sakate hai.n aur jo puruShArtha nahI.n karate ve mokShakA upAy nahI.n kar sakate. upadesh to
shikShAmAtra hai, phal jaisA puruShArtha kare vaisA lagatA hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki dravyali.ngI muni mokShake artha gR^ihasthapanA Cho.Dkar tapashcharaNAdi karatA hai,
vahA.N puruShArtha to kiyA, kArya siddha nahI.n huA; isaliye puruShArtha karanese to kuCh siddhi nahI.n hai?
samAdhAnaH – anyathA puruShArthase phal chAhe to kaise siddhi ho? tapashcharaNAdi vyavahAr
sAdhaname.n anurAgI hokar pravarte usakA phal shAstrame.n to shubhabandha kahA hai aur yah usase
mokSha chAhatA hai, kaise hogA? yah to bhram hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki bhramakA bhI to kAraN karma hI hai, puruShArtha kyA kare?
uttaraH – sachche upadeshase nirNay karane par bhram dUr hotA hai; parantu aisA puruShArtha nahI.n
karatA, usIse bhram rahatA hai. nirNay karanekA puruShArtha kare – to bhramakA kAraN jo mohakarma,
usake bhI upashamAdi ho.n tab bhram dUr ho jAye; kyo.nki nirNay karate hue pariNAmo.nkI vishuddhatA
hotI hai, usase mohake sthiti-anubhAg ghaTate hai.n.
phi ra prashna hai ki nirNay karaneme.n upayog nahI.n lagAtA, usakA bhI to kAraN karma hai?
samAdhAn : – ekendriyAdikake vichAr karanekI shakti nahI.n hai, unake to karmakA hI kAraN
hai. isake to j~nAnAvaraNAdikake kShayopashamase nirNay karanekI shakti huI hai, jahA.N upayog lagAye
usIkA nirNay ho sakatA hai. parantu yah anya nirNay karaneme.n upayog lagAtA hai, yahA.N upayog
nahI.n lagAtA. so yah to isIkA doSh hai, karmakA to kuCh prayojan nahI.n hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki samyaktva-chAritrakA ghAtak moh hai, usakA abhAv hue binA mokShakA
upAy kaise bane?

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nauvA.N adhikAr ][ 311
uttaraH – tattvanirNay karaneme.n upayog na lagAye vah to isIkA doSh hai. tathA puruShArthase
tattvanirNayame.n upayog lagAye tab svayamev hI mohakA abhAv hone par samyaktvAdirUp mokShake
upAyakA puruShArtha banatA hai. isaliye mukhyatAse to tattvanirNayame.n upayog lagAnekA puruShArtha
karanA. tathA upadesh bhI dete hai.n, so yahI puruShArtha karAneke artha diyA jAtA hai, tathA is
puruShArthase mokShake upAyakA puruShArtha apane Ap siddha hogA.
aur tattvanirNay na karaneme.n kisI karmakA doSh hai nahI.n, terA hI doSh hai; parantu tU
svaya.n to mahanta rahanA chAhatA hai aur apanA doSh karmAdikako lagAtA hai; so jin Aj~nA
mAne to aisI anIti sambhav nahI.n hai. tujhe viShayakaShAyarUp hI rahanA hai, isaliye jhUTh bolatA
hai. mokShakI sachchI abhilAShA ho to aisI ukti kisaliye banAye? sA.nsArik kAryo.nme.n apane
puruShArthase siddhi na hotI jAne, tathApi puruShArthase udyam kiyA karatA hai, yahA.N puruShArtha kho
baiThA; isalie jAnate hai.n ki mokShako dekhAdekhI utkR^iShTa kahatA hai; usakA svarUp pahichAnakar
use hitarUp nahI.n jAnatA. hit jAnakar usakA udyam bane so na kare yah asambhav hai.
yahA.N prashna hai ki tumane kahA so satya; parantu dravyakarmake udayase bhAvakarma hotA hai,
bhAvakarmase dravyakarmakA bandha hotA hai, tathA phi ra usake udayase bhAvakarma hotA hai — isI prakAr
anAdise paramparA hai, tab mokShakA upAy kaise ho?
samAdhAnaH – karmakA bandha va uday sadAkAl samAn hI hotA rahe tab to aisA hI hai;
parantu pariNAmo.nke nimittase pUrvabaddhakarmake bhI utkarShaN-apakarShaN-sa.nkramaNAdi honese unakI shakti
hInAdhik hotI hai; isaliye unakA uday bhI manda-tIvra hotA hai. unake nimittase navIn bandha
bhI manda-tIvra hotA hai. isaliye sa.nsArI jIvo.nko karmodayake nimittase kabhI j~nAnAdik bahut
pragaT hote hai.n; kabhI tho.De pragaT hote hai.n; kabhI rAgAdik manda hote hai.n, kabhI tIvra hote hai.n.
isaprakAr parivartan hotA rahatA hai.
vahA.N kadAchit sa.nj~nI pa.nchendriy paryApta paryAy prApta kI, tab man dvArA vichAr karane
kI shakti huI. tathA isake kabhI tIvra rAgAdik hote hai.n kabhI manda hote hai.n. vahA.N rAgAdikakA
tIvra uday honese to viShayakaShAyAdikake kAryo.nme.n hI pravR^itti hotI hai. tathA rAgAdikakA manda
uday honese bAhya upadeshAdikakA nimitta bane aur svaya.n puruShArtha karake un upadeshAdikame.n
upayogako lagAye to dharmakAryome.n pravR^itti ho; aur nimitta na bane va svaya.n puruShArtha na kare
to anya kAryo.nme.n hI pravarte, parantu manda rAgAdisahit pravarte. – aise avasarame.n upadesh kAryakArI
hai.

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vichArashaktirahit jo ekendriyAdik hai.n, unake to upadesh samajhanekA j~nAn hI nahI.n hai;
aur tIvra rAgAdisahit jIvo.nkA upayog upadeshame.n lagatA nahI.n hai. isaliye jo jIv
vichArashaktisahit ho.n, tathA jinake rAgAdi manda ho.n; unhe.n upadeshake nimittase dharmakI prApti ho
jAye to unakA bhalA ho; tathA isI avasarame.n puruShArtha kAryakArI hai.
ekendriyAdik to dharmakArya karaneme.n samartha hI nahI.n hai.n, kaise puruShArtha kare.n? aur
tIvrakaShAyI puruShArtha kare to vah pApakA hI kare, dharmakAryakA puruShArtha ho nahI.n sakatA.
isaliye jo vichArashaktisahit ho aur jisake rAgAdik manda ho.n – vah jIv puruShArthase
upadeshAdikake nimittase tattvanirNayAdime.n upayog lagAye to usakA upayog vahA.N lage aur tab
usakA bhalA ho. yadi is avasarame.n bhI tattvanirNay karanekA puruShArtha na kare, pramAdase kAl
ga.NvAye – yA to mandarAgAdi sahit viShayakaShAyo.nke kAryo.nme.n hI pravarte, yA vyavahAradharmakAryo.nme.n pravarte;
tab avasar to chalA jAyegA aur sa.nsArame.n hI bhramaN hogA.
tathA is avasarame.n jo jIv puruShArthase tattvanirNay karaneme.n upayog lagAnekA abhyAs
rakhe.n unakI vishuddhatA ba.DhegI; usase karmo.nkI shakti hIn hogI, kuCh kAlame.n apane Ap
darshanamohakA upasham hogA; tab tattvo.nkI yathAvat pratIti AyegI. so isakA to kartavya
tattvanirNayakA abhyAs hI hai, isIse darshanamohakA upasham to svayamev hotA hai; usame.n jIvakA
kartavya kuCh nahI.n hai.
tathA usake hone par jIvake svayamev samyagdarshan hotA hai. aur samyagdarshan hone
par shraddhAn to yah huA ki ‘mai.n AtmA hU.N, mujhe rAgAdik nahI.n karanA’; parantu chAritramohake
udayase rAgAdik hote hai.n. vahA.N tIvra uday ho tab to viShayAdime.n pravartatA hai aur manda
uday ho tab apane puruShArthase dharmakAryome.n va vairAgyAdi bhAvanAme.n upayogako lagAtA hai; usake
nimittase chAritramoh manda ho jAtA hai; – aisA hone par deshachAritra va sakalachAritra a.ngIkAr
karanekA puruShArtha pragaT hotA hai. tathA chAritrako dhAraN karake apane puruShArthase dharmame.n
pariNatiko ba.DhAye vahA.N vishuddhatAse karmakI shakti hIn hotI hai, usase vishuddhatA ba.DhtI hai
aur usase karmakI shakti adhik hIn hotI hai. isaprakAr kramase mohakA nAsh kare tab sarvathA
pariNAm vishuddha hote hai.n, unake dvArA j~nAnAvaraNAdik nAsh ho tab kevalaj~nAn pragaT hotA
hai. pashchAt vahA.N binA upAy aghAti karmakA nAsh karake shuddha siddhapadako prApta karatA hai.
isaprakAr upadeshakA to nimitta bane aur apanA puruShArtha kare to karmakA nAsh hotA
hai.

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nauvA.N adhikAr ][ 313
tathA jab karmakA uday tIvra ho tab puruShArtha nahI.n ho sakatA; Uparake guNasthAno.nse
bhI gir jAtA hai; vahA.N to jaisI honahAr ho vaisA hotA hai. parantu jahA.N manda uday ho
aur puruShArtha ho sake vahA.N to pramAdI nahI.n honA; sAvadhAn hokar apanA kArya karanA.
jaise – koI puruSh nadIke pravAhame.n pa.DA bah rahA hai, vahA.N pAnIkA jor ho tab to
usakA puruShArtha kuCh nahI.n, upadesh bhI kAryakArI nahI.n. aur pAnIkA jor tho.DA ho tab
yadi puruShArtha karake nikale to nikal AyegA. usIko nikalanekI shikShA dete hai.n. aur
na nikale to dhIre-dhIre bahegA aur phi ra pAnIkA jor hone par bahatA chalA jAyegA. usI
prakAr jIv sa.nsArame.n bhramaN karatA hai, vahA.N karmo.nkA tIvra uday ho tab to usakA puruShArtha
kuCh nahI.n hai, upadesh bhI kAryakArI nahI.n. aur karmakA manda uday ho tab puruShArtha karake
mokShamArgame.n pravartan kare to mokSha prApta kar le. usIko mokShamArgakA upadesh dete hai.n. aur
mokShamArgame.n pravartan nahI.n kare to ki.nchit vishuddhatA pAkar phi ra tIvra uday Ane par nigodAdi
paryAyako prApta karegA.
isaliye avasar chUkanA yogya nahI.n hai. ab, sarva prakArase avasar AyA hai, aisA
avasar prApta karanA kaThin hai. isaliye shrIguru dayAlu hokar mokShamArgakA upadesh dete hai.n, usame.n
bhavyajIvo.nko pravR^itti karanA.
mokShamArgakA svarUp
ab, mokShamArgakA svarUp kahate hai.nH –
jinake nimittase AtmA ashuddha dashAko dhAraN karake duHkhI huA – aise jo mohAdik
karma unakA sarvathA nAsh hone par keval AtmAkI sarva prakAr shuddha avasthAkA honA – vah mokSha
hai. usakA jo upAy – kAraN use mokShamArga jAnanA.
vahA.N kAraN to anek prakArake hote hai.n. koI kAraN to aise hote hai.n jinake hue
binA to kArya nahI.n hotA aur jinake hone par kArya ho yA na bhI ho. jaise – munili.ng dhAraN
kiye binA to mokSha nahI.n hotA; parantu munili.ng dhAraN karane par mokSha hotA bhI hai aur nahI.n
bhI hotA. tathA kitane hI kAraN aise hai.n ki mukhyataH to jinake hone par kArya hotA hai,
parantu kisIke binA hue bhI kAryasiddhi hotI hai. jaise – anashanAdi bAhya-tapakA sAdhan karane
par mukhyataH mokSha prApta karate hai.n; parantu bharatAdikake bAhya tap kiye binA hI mokShakI prApti
huI. tathA kitane hI kAraN aise hai.n jinake hone par kAryasiddhi hotI hI hotI hai aur jinake
na hone par sarvathA kAryasiddhi nahI.n hotI. jaise – samyagdarshan-j~nAn-chAritrakI ekatA hone par to

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mokSha hotA hai aur unake na hone par sarvathA mokSha nahI.n hotA. – aise yah kAraN kahe, uname.n
atishayapUrvak niyamase mokShakA sAdhak jo samyagdarshan-j~nAn-chAritrakA ekIbhAv so mokShamArga
jAnanA. in samyagdarshan-samyagj~nAn-samyakchAritrame.n ek bhI na ho to mokShamArga nahI.n hotA.
vahI ‘sUtrame.n’ kahA haiH – ‘‘samyagdarshanaj~nAnachAritrANi mokShamArgaH..’’ (tattvArthasUtra 1 – 1)
is sUtrakI TIkAme.n kahA hai ki yahA.N ‘‘mokShamArgaH’’ aisA ekavachan kahA, usakA artha
yah hai ki tIno.n milane par ek mokShamArga hai, alag-alag tIn mArga nahI.n hai.n.
yahA.N prashna hai ki asa.nyat samyagdR^iShTike to chAritra nahI.n hai, usako mokShamArga huA hai
yA nahI.n huA hai?
samAdhAnaH – mokShamArga usake hogA, yah to niyam huA; isaliye upachArase isake mokShamArga
huA bhI kahate hai.n; paramArthase samyakchAritra hone par hI mokShamArga hotA hai. jaise – kisI puruShako
kisI nagar chalanekA nishchay huA; isaliye usako vyavahArase aisA bhI kahate hai.n ki ‘yah
us nagarako chalA hai’; paramArthase mArgame.n gaman karane par hI chalanA hogA. usI prakAr
asa.nyatasamyagdR^iShTiko vItarAgabhAvarUp mokShamArgakA shraddhAn huA; isaliye usako upachArase
mokShamArgI kahate hai.n; paramArthase vItarAgabhAvarUp pariNamit hone par hI mokShamArga hogA. tathA
pravachanasArame.n bhI tIno.nkI ekAgratA hone par hI mokShamArga kahA hai. isaliye yah jAnanA ki
tattvashraddhAn-j~nAn binA to rAgAdi ghaTAnese mokShamArga nahI.n hai aur rAgAdi ghaTAye binA
tattvashraddhAn-j~nAnase bhI mokShamArga nahI.n hai. tIno.n milane par sAkShAt mokShamArga hotA hai.
ab, inakA nirdesh, lakShaNanirdesh aur parIkShAdvArase nirUpaN karate hai.nH –
vahA.N ‘samyagdarshan, samyagj~nAn, samyakchAritra mokShakA mArga hai’ – aisA nAm mAtra kathan vah
to ‘nirdesh’ jAnanA.
tathA ativyApti, avyApti, asambhavapanese rahit ho aur jisase inako pahichAnA jAye
so ‘lakShaN’ jAnanA; usakA jo nirdesh arthAt nirUpaN so ‘lakShaNanirdesh’ jAnanA.
vahA.N jisako pahichAnanA ho usakA nAm lakShya hai, usake sivA aurakA nAm alakShya
hai. so lakShya va alakShya dono.nme.n pAyA jAye, aisA lakShaN jahA.N kahA jAye vahA.N ativyAptipanA
jAnanA. jaise – AtmAkA lakShaN ‘amUrtattva’ kahA; so amUrtattvalakShaN lakShya jo AtmA hai usame.n
bhI pAyA jAtA hai aur alakShya jo AkAshAdik hai.n uname.n bhI pAyA jAtA hai; isaliye yah
‘ativyApta’ lakShaN hai. isake dvArA AtmAko pahichAnanese AkAshAdik bhI AtmA ho jAye.nge;
yah doSh lagegA.

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nauvA.N adhikAr ][ 315
tathA jo kisI lakShyame.n to ho aur kisIme.n na ho, aise lakShyake ekadeshame.n pAyA jAye –
aisA lakShaN jahA.N kahA jAye vahA.N avyAptipanA jAnanA. jaise – AtmAkA lakShaN kevalaj~nAnAdik
kahA jAye; so kevalaj~nAn kisI AtmAme.n to pAyA jAtA hai, kisIme.n nahI.n pAyA jAtA; isaliye
yah ‘avyApta’ lakShaN hai. isake dvArA AtmAko pahichAnanese alpaj~nAnI AtmA nahI.n hogA;
yah doSh lagegA.
tathA jo lakShyame.n pAyA hI nahI.n jAye, aisA lakShaN jahA.N kahA jAye – vahA.N asambhavapanA
jAnanA. jaise – AtmAkA lakShaN ja.DpanA kahA jAye; so pratyakShAdi pramANase yah viruddha hai;
kyo.nki yah ‘asambhav’ lakShaN hai. isake dvArA AtmA mAnanese pudgalAdik AtmA ho jAye.nge
aur AtmA hai vah anAtmA ho jAyegA; yah doSh lagegA.
is prakAr ativyApta, avyApta tathA asambhavI lakShaN ho vah lakShaNAbhAs hai. tathA
lakShyame.n to sarvatra pAyA jAye aur alakShyame.n kahI.n na pAyA jAye vah sachchA lakShaN hai. jaise –
AtmAkA svarUp chaitanya hai; so yah lakShaN sarva hI AtmAme.n to pAyA jAtA hai, anAtmAme.n kahI.n
nahI.n pAyA jAtA; isaliye yah sachchA lakShaN hai. isake dvArA AtmA mAnanese AtmA-anAtmAkA
yathArthaj~nAn hotA hai; kuCh doSh nahI.n lagatA. isaprakAr lakShaNakA svarUp udAharaN mAtra kahA.
ab, samyagdarshanAdikakA sachchA lakShaN kahate hai.nH –
samyadarshanakA sachchA lakShaN
viparItAbhinivesharahit jIvAdikatattvArthashraddhAn vah samyagdarshanakA lakShaN hai. jIv,
ajIv, Asrav, bandha, sa.nvar, nirjarA, mokSha – yah sAt tattvArtha hai.n. inakA jo shraddhAn – ‘aisA
hI hai, anyathA nahI.n hai’ – aisA pratItibhAv, so tattvArthashraddhAn; tathA viparItAbhinivesh jo anyathA
abhiprAy usase rahit; so samyagdarshan hai.
yahA.N viparItAbhiniveshake nirAkaraNake artha ‘samyak’ pad kahA hai, kyo.nki ‘samyak’ aisA
shabda prasha.nsAvAchak hai; vahA.N shraddhAname.n viparItAbhiniveshakA abhAv hone par hI prasha.nsA sambhav
hai, aisA jAnanA.
yahA.N prashna hai ki ‘tattva’ aur ‘artha’ yah do pad kahe, unakA prayojan kyA?
samAdhAnaH – ‘tat’ shabda hai so ‘yat’ shabdakI apekShA sahit hai. isaliye jisakA prakaraN
ho use tat kahA jAtA hai aur jisakA jo bhAv arthAt svarUp so tattva jAnanA. kAraN
ki ‘tasya bhAvastattva’ aisA tattva shabdakA samAs hotA hai. tathA jo jAnaneme.n Aye aisA ‘dravya’
va ‘guN-paryAy’ usakA nAm artha hai. tathA ‘tattven arthastattvArthaH’ tattva arthAt apanA svarUp,

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usase sahit padArtha unakA shraddhAn so samyagdarshan hai. yahA.N yadi tattvashraddhAn hI kahate to jisakA
yah bhAv (tattva) hai, usake shraddhAn binA keval bhAvakA hI shraddhAn kAryakArI nahI.n hai. tathA
yadi ‘arthashraddhAn’ hI kahate to bhAvake shraddhAn binA padArthakA shraddhAn bhI kAryakArI nahI.n hai.
jaise – kisIko j~nAn-darshanAdikakA to shraddhAn ho – yah jAnapanA hai, yah shvetapanA hai,
ityAdi pratIti ho; parantu j~nAn-darshan AtmAkA svabhAv hai, mai.n AtmA hU.N tathA varNAdi pudgalakA
svabhAv hai, pudgal mujhase bhinna – alag padArtha hai; aisA padArthakA shraddhAn na ho to bhAvakA
shraddhAn kAryakArI nahI.n hai. tathA jaise ‘mai.n AtmA hU.N’ – aisA shraddhAn kiyA; parantu AtmAkA
svarUp jaisA hai vaisA shraddhAn nahI.n kiyA to bhAvake shraddhAn binA padArthakA bhI shraddhAn kAryakArI
nahI.n hai. isaliye tattvasahit arthakA shraddhAn hotA hai so hI kAryakArI hai. athavA
jIvAdikako tattvasa.nj~nA bhI hai aur arthasa.nj~nA bhI hai, isaliye ‘tattvamevArthastattvArthaH’ jo tattva
so hI artha, unakA shraddhAn so samyagdarshan hai.
is artha dvArA kahI.n tattvashraddhAnako samyagdarshan kahe aur kahI.n padArthashraddhAnako
samyagdarshan kahe, vahA.N virodh nahI.n jAnanA.
is prakAr ‘tattva’ aur ‘artha’ do pad kahanekA prayojan hai.
tattvArtha sAt hI kyo.n?
phi ra prashna hai ki tattvArtha to ananta hai.n. ve sAmAnya apekShAse jIv-ajIvame.n sarva
garbhit hue; isaliye do hI kahanA the yA ananta kahanA the. AsravAdik to jIv-ajIvake
hI visheSh hai.n, inako alag kahanekA prayojan kyA?
samAdhAnaH – yadi yahA.N padArthashraddhAn karanekA hI prayojan hotA tab to sAmAnyase yA
visheShase jaise sarva padArtho.nkA jAnanA ho, vaise hI kathan karate; vah to yahA.N prayojan hai nahI.n;
yahA.N to mokShakA prayojan hai so jin sAmAnya yA visheSh bhAvo.nkA shraddhAn karanese mokSha ho
aur jinakA shraddhAn kiye binA mokSha na ho; unhI.nkA yahA.N nirUpaN kiyA hai.
so jIv-ajIv yah do to bahut dravyo.nkI ek jAti-apekShA sAmAnyarUp tattva kahe.
yah dono.n jAti jAnanese jIvako ApAparakA shraddhAn ho – tab parase bhinna apaneko jAne, apane
hitake artha mokShakA upAy kare; aur apanese bhinna parako jAne, tab paradravyase udAsIn hokar
rAgAdik tyAg kar mokShamArgame.n pravarte. isaliye in do jAtiyo.nkA shraddhAn hone par hI mokSha
hotA hai aur do jAtiyA.N jAne binA ApAparakA shraddhAn na ho tab paryAyabuddhise sA.nsArik
prayojanakA hI upAy karatA hai. paradravyame.n rAgadveSharUp hokar pravarte, tab mokShamArgame.n kaise pravarte?

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nauvA.N adhikAr ][ 317
isaliye in do jAtiyo.nkA shraddhAn na hone par mokSha nahI.n hotA. isaprakAr yah do sAmAnya
tattva to avashya shraddhAn karane yogya kahe hai.n.
tathA AsravAdi pA.Nch kahe, ve jIv-pudgalakI paryAy hai.n; isaliye yah visheSharUp tattva
hai.n; so in pA.Nch paryAyo.nko jAnanese mokShakA upAy karanekA shraddhAn hotA hai.
vahA.N mokShako pahichAne to use hit mAnakar usakA upAy kare; isaliye mokShakA shraddhAn
karanA.
tathA mokShakA upAy sa.nvar-nirjarA hai; so inako pahichAne to jaise sa.nvar-nirjarA ho vaise
pravarte, isaliye sa.nvar-nirjarAkA shraddhAn karanA.
tathA sa.nvar-nirjarA to abhAvalakShaN sahit hai.n; isaliye jinakA abhAv karanA hai unako
pahichAnanA chAhiye. jaise – krodhakA abhAv hone par kShamA hotI hai; so krodhako pahichAne to
usakA abhAv karake kShamArUp pravartan kare. usI prakAr AsravakA abhAv hone par sa.nvar
hotA hai aur bandhakA ekadesh abhAv hone par nirjarA hotI hai; so Asrav-bandhako pahichAne
to unakA nAsh karake sa.nvar-nirjarArUp pravartan kare; isaliye Asrav-bandhakA shraddhAn karanA.
is prakAr in pA.Nch paryAyo.nkA shraddhAn hone par hI mokShamArga hotA hai, inako na pahichAne
to mokShakI pahichAn binA usakA kisaliye kare? sa.nvar-nirjarAkI pahichAn binA uname.n kaise
pravartan kare? Asrav-bandhakI pahichAn binA unakA nAsh kaise kare? – isaprakAr in pA.Nch
paryAyo.nkA shraddhAn na hone par mokShamArga nahI.n hotA.
isaprakAr yadyapi tattvArtha ananta hai.n, unakA sAmAnya-visheShase anek prakAr prarUpaN ho;
parantu yahA.N ek mokShakA prayojan hai; isaliye do to jAti-apekShA sAmAnyatattva aur pA.Nch
paryAyarUp visheShatattva milAkar sAt hI kahe.
inake yathArtha shraddhAnake AdhIn mokShamArga hai. inake sivA auro.nkA shraddhAn ho yA
na ho yA anyathA shraddhAn ho; kisIke AdhIn mokShamArga nahI.n hai aisA jAnanA.
tathA kahI.n puNya-pApasahit nav padArtha kahe hai.n; so puNya-pAp AsravAdikake hI visheSh
hai.n, isaliye sAt tattvo.nme.n garbhit hue. athavA puNya-pApakA shraddhAn hone par puNyako mokShamArga
na mAne, yA svachChandI hokar pAparUp na pravarte; isaliye mokShamArgame.n inakA shraddhAn bhI upakArI
jAnakar do tattva visheShake visheSh milAkar navapadArtha kahe. tathA samayasArAdime.n inako navatattva
bhI kahA hai.
phi ra prashnaH – inakA shraddhAn samyagdarshan kahA; so darshan to sAmAnya avalokanamAtra aur

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318 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
shraddhAn pratItimAtra; inake ekArthapanA kis prakAr sambhav hai?
uttaraH – prakaraNake vashase dhAtukA artha anyathA hotA hai. so yahA.N prakaraN mokShamArgakA
hai. usame.n ‘darshan’ shabdakA artha sAmAnya avalokanamAtra nahI.n grahaN karanA, kyo.nki chakShu-
achakShudarshanase sAmAnya avalokan to samyagdR^iShTi-mithyAdR^iShTike samAn hotA hai, kuCh isase
mokShamArgakI pravR^itti-apravR^itti nahI.n hotI. tathA shraddhAn hotA hai so samyagdR^iShTike hI hotA hai,
isase mokShamArgakI pravR^itti hotI hai. isaliye ‘darshan’ shabdakA artha bhI yahA.N shraddhAnamAtra hI
grahaN karanA.
phi ra prashnaH – yahA.N viparItAbhinivesharahit shraddhAn karanA kahA, so prayojan kyA?
samAdhAnaH – abhinivesh nAm abhiprAyakA hai. so jaisA tattvArthashraddhAnakA abhiprAy hai
vaisA na ho, anyathA abhiprAy ho, usakA nAm viparItAbhinivesh hai. tattvArthashraddhAn karanekA
abhiprAy keval unakA nishchay karanA mAtra hI nahI.n hai; vahA.N abhiprAy aisA hai ki jIv-
ajIvako pahichAnakar apaneko tathA parako jaisAkA taisA mAne, tathA Asravako pahichAnakar
use hey mAne, tathA bandhako pahichAnakar use ahit mAne, tathA sa.nvarako pahichAnakar use
upAdey mAne, tathA nirjarAko pahichAnakar use hitakA kAraN mAne, tathA mokShako pahichAnakar
usako apanA paramahit mAne – aisA tattvArthashraddhAnakA abhiprAy hai; usase ulaTe abhiprAyakA nAm
viparItAbhinivesh hai. sachchA tattvArthashraddhAn hone par isakA abhAv hotA hai. isaliye
tattvArthashraddhAn hai so viparItAbhinivesharahit hai – aisA yahA.N kahA hai.
athavA kisIke AbhAsamAtra tattvArthashraddhAn hotA hai; parantu abhiprAyame.n viparItapanA nahI.n
ChUTatA. kisI prakArase pUrvokta abhiprAyase anyathA abhiprAy antara.ngame.n pAyA jAtA hai to usake
samyagdarshan nahI.n hotA. jaise – dravyali.ngI muni jinavachano.nse tattvo.nkI pratIti kare, parantu sharIrAshrit
kriyAo.nme.n aha.nkAr tathA puNyAsravame.n upAdeyapanA ityAdi viparIt abhiprAyase mithyAdR^iShTi hI rahatA
hai. isaliye jo tattvArthashraddhAn viparItAbhinivesh rahit hai, vahI samyagdarshan hai.
isaprakAr viparItAbhinivesharahit jIvAdi tattvArtho.nkA shraddhAnapanA so samyagdarshanakA lakShaN
hai, samyagdarshan lakShya hai.
vahI tattvArthasUtrame.n kahA haiH –
‘‘tattvArthashraddhAna.n samyagdarshanam’’..1-2..
tattvArtho.nkA shraddhAn vahI samyagdarshan hai.
tathA sarvArthasiddhi nAmak sUtro.nkI TIkA hai – usame.n tattvAdik pado.nkA artha pragaT likhA

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nauvA.N adhikAr ][ 319
hai tathA sAth hI tattva kaise kahe so prayojan likhA hai. usake anusAr yahA.N kuCh kathan
kiyA hai aisA jAnanA.
tathA puruShArthasiddhayupAyame.n bhI isIprakAr kahA haiH –
jIvAjIvAdInA.n tattvArthAnA.n sadaiv kartavyam.
shraddhAna.n viparItAbhiniveshaviviktamAtmarUpa.n tat..22..
arthaH – viparItAbhiniveshase rahit jIv-ajIvAdi tattvArtho.nkA shraddhAn sadAkAl karanA
yogya hai. yah shraddhAn AtmAkA svarUp hai, darshan moh upAdhi dUr hone par pragaT hotA
hai, isaliye AtmAkA svabhAv hai. chaturthAdi guNasthAname.n pragaT hotA hai, pashchAt siddha avasthAme.n
bhI sadAkAl isakA sadbhAv rahatA hai – aisA jAnanA.
tattvArthashraddhAn lakShaName.n avyApti, ativyApti aur asambhav doShakA parihAr
yahA.N prashna utpanna hotA hai ki tirya.nchAdi tuchChaj~nAnI kitane hI jIv sAt tattvo.nkA
nAm bhI nahI.n jAn sakate, unake bhI samyagdarshanakI prApti shAstrame.n kahI hai; isaliye tumane
tattvArthashraddhAnapanA samyaktvakA lakShaN kahA, usame.n avyApti dUShaN lagatA hai?
samAdhAnaH – jIv-ajIvAdikake nAmAdik jAno yA na jAno yA anyathA jAno, unakA
svarUp yathArtha pahichAnakar shraddhAn karane par samyaktva hotA hai.
vahA.N koI sAmAnyarUpase svarUpako pahichAnakar shraddhAn karatA hai, koI visheSharUpase
svarUpako pahichAnakar shraddhAn karatA hai. isaliye jo tuchChaj~nAnI tirya.nchAdik samyagdR^iShTi hai.n ve
jIvAdikakA nAm bhI nahI.n jAnate, tathApi unakA sAmAnyarUpase svarUp pahichAnakar shraddhAn karate
hai.n, isaliye unake samyaktvakI prApti hotI hai.
jaise – koI tirya.nch apanA tathA auro.nkA nAmAdik to nahI.n jAnatA; parantu Apame.n hI
apanatva mAnatA hai auro.nko par mAnatA hai. usI prakAr tuchChaj~nAnI jIv-ajIvakA nAm nahI.n
jAnatA; parantu jo j~nAnAdisvarUp AtmA hai usame.n to apanatva mAnatA hai aur jo sharIrAdi
hai.n unako par mAnatA hai – aisA shraddhAn usake hotA hai; vahI jIv-ajIvakA shraddhAn hai. tathA
jaise vahI tirya.nch sukhAdikake nAmAdik nahI.n jAnatA hai, tathApi sukh-avasthAko pahichAnakar
usake artha AgAmI duHkhake kAraNako pahichAnakar usakA tyAg karanA chAhatA hai, tathA jo
duHkhakA kAraN ban rahA hai usake abhAvakA upAy karatA hai. usI prakAr tuchChaj~nAnI
mokShAdikakA nAm nahI.n jAnatA, tathApi sarvathA sukharUp mokSha-avasthAkA shraddhAn karatA huA
usake artha AgAmI bandhakA kAraN jo rAgAdik Asrav usake tyAgarUp sa.nvar karanA chAhatA

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320 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
hai, tathA jo sa.nsAr duHkhakA kAraN hai usakI shuddhabhAvase nirjarA karanA chAhatA hai. isaprakAr
AsravAdikakA usake shraddhAn hai.
isaprakAr usake bhI saptatattvakA shraddhAn pAyA jAtA hai. yadi aisA shraddhAn na ho
to rAgAdi tyAgakar shuddhabhAv karanekI chAh na ho. vahI kahate hai.nH –
yadi jIv - ajIvakI jAti na jAnakar ApAparako na pahichAne to parame.n rAgAdik kaise
na kare? rAgAdikako na pahichAne to unakA tyAg kaise karanA chAhe? ve rAgAdik hI Asrav
hai.n. rAgAdikakA phal burA na jAne to kisaliye rAgAdik Cho.DnA chAhe? un rAgAdikakA
phal vahI bandha hai. tathA rAgAdirahit pariNAmako pahichAnatA hai to usarUp honA chAhatA
hai. us rAgAdirahit pariNAmakA hI nAm sa.nvar hai. tathA pUrva sa.nsAr avasthAke kAraNakI
hAniko pahichAnatA hai to usake artha tapashcharaNAdise shuddhabhAv karanA chAhatA hai. us pUrva
avasthAkA kAraN karma hai, usakI hAni vahI nirjarA hai. tathA sa.nsAr-avasthAke abhAvako
na pahichAne to sa.nvar-nirjarArUp kisaliye pravarte? us sa.nsAr-avasthAkA abhAv vahI mokSha hai.
isaliye sAto.n tattvo.nkA shraddhAn hone par hI rAgAdik Cho.Dkar shuddhabhAv honekI ichChA utpanna
hotI hai. yadi iname.n ek bhI tattvakA shraddhAn na ho to aisI chAh utpanna nahI.n hotI.
tathA aisI chAh tuchChaj~nAnI tirya.nchAdi samyagdR^iShTike hotI hI hai; isaliye usake sAt tattvo.nkA
shraddhAn pAyA jAtA hai aisA nishchay karanA. j~nAnAvaraNakA kShayopasham tho.DA honese visheSharUpase
tattvo.nkA j~nAn na ho, tathApi darshanamohake upashamAdikase sAmAnyarUpase tattvashraddhAnakI shakti pragaT
hotI hai. isaprakAr is lakShaName.n avyApti dUShaN nahI.n hai.
phi ra prashnaH – jis kAlame.n samyagdR^iShTi viShayakaShAyo.nke kAryame.n pravartatA hai us kAlame.n sAt
tattvo.nkA vichAr hI nahI.n hai, vahA.N shraddhAn kaise sambhavit hai? aur samyaktva rahatA hI hai;
isaliye us lakShaName.n avyApti dUShaN AtA hai?
samAdhAnaH – vichAr hai vah to upayogake AdhIn hai; jahA.N upayog lage usIkA vichAr
hotA hai. tathA shraddhAn hai so pratItirUp hai. isaliye anya j~neyakA vichAr hone par va
sonA Adi kriyA hone par tattvo.nkA vichAr nahI.n hai; tathApi unakI pratIti banI rahatI hai,
naShTa nahI.n hotI; isaliye usake samyaktvakA sadbhAv hai.
jaise – kisI rogI manuShyako aisI pratIti hai ki mai.n manuShya hU.N, tirya.nchAdi nahI.n hU.N, mujhe
is kAraNase rog huA hai, ab kAraN miTAkar rogako ghaTAkar nirog honA. tathA vahI
manuShya anya vichArAdirUp pravartatA hai, tab usako aisA vichAr nahI.n hotA, parantu shraddhAn aisA

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nauvA.N adhikAr ][ 321
hI rahA karatA hai. usI prakAr is AtmAko aisI pratIti hai ki ‘mai.n AtmA hU.N, pudgalAdi
nahI.n hU.N, mere Asravase bandha huA hai, so ab, sa.nvar karake, nirjarA karake, mokSharUp honA.’
tathA vahI AtmA anya vichArAdirUp pravartatA hai tab usake aisA vichAr nahI.n hotA, parantu
shraddhAn aisA hI rahA karatA hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki aisA shraddhAn rahatA hai to bandha honeke kAraNo.nme.n kaise pravartatA hai?
uttaraH – jaise vahI manuShya kisI kAraNake vash rog ba.Dhne ke kAraNo.nme.n bhI pravartatA hai,
vyApArAdik kArya va krodhAdik kArya karatA hai, tathApi us shraddhAnakA usake nAsh nahI.n hotA;
usI prakAr vahI AtmA karma-uday nimittake vash bandha honeke kAraNo.nme.n bhI pravartatA hai, viShay-
sevanAdi kArya va krodhAdi kArya karatA hai, tathApi us shraddhAnakA use nAsh nahI.n hotA.
isakA visheSh nirNay Age kare.nge.
isaprakAr sapta tattvakA vichAr na hone par bhI shraddhAnakA sadbhAv pAyA jAtA hai,
isaliye vahA.N avyAptipanA nahI.n hai.
phi ra prashnaH – uchcha dashAme.n jahA.N nirvikalpa AtmAnubhav hotA hai vahA.N to sapta tattvAdikake
vikalpakA bhI niShedh kiyA hai. so samyaktvake lakShaNakA niShedh karanA kaise sambhav hai?
aur vahA.N niShedh sambhav hai to avyApti dUShaN AyA?
uttaraH – nichalI dashAme.n sapta tattvo.nke vikalpo.nme.n upayog lagAyA, usase pratItiko dR^i.Dh.h.h
kiyA aur viShayAdikase upayog Chu.DAkar rAgAdi ghaTAye. tathA kArya siddha hone par kAraNo.nkA
bhI niShedh karate hai.n; isaliye jahA.N pratIti bhI dR^i.Dh.h.h huI aur rAgAdik dUr hue, vahA.N upayog
bhramAnekA khed kisaliye kare.n? isaliye vahA.N un vikalpo.nkA niShedh kiyA hai. tathA samyaktvakA
lakShaN to pratIti hI hai; so pratItikA to niShedh nahI.n kiyA. yadi pratIti Chu.DAI ho to
is lakShaNakA niShedh kiyA kahA jAye, so to hai nahI.n. sAto.n tattvo.nkI pratIti vahA.N bhI
banI rahatI hai, isaliye yahA.N avyAptipanA nahI.n hai.
phi ra prashna hai ki Chadmasthake to pratIti-apratIti kahanA sambhav hai, isaliye vahA.N sapta
tattvo.nkI pratIti samyaktvakA lakShaN kahA so hamane mAnA; parantu kevalI – siddha bhagavAnake to
sarvakA jAnapanA samAnarUp hai, vahA.N sapta tattvo.nkI pratIti kahanA sambhav nahI.n hai aur unake
samyaktvaguN pAyA hI jAtA hai, isaliye vahA.N us lakShaNakA avyAptipanA AyA?
samAdhAnaH – jaise Chadmasthake shrutaj~nAnake anusAr pratIti pAyI jAtI hai, usI prakAr
kevalI – siddhabhagavAnake kevalaj~nAnake anusAr pratIti pAyI jAtI hai. jo sapta tattvo.nkA svarUp
pahale ThIk kiyA thA, vahI kevalaj~nAn dvArA jAnA, vahA.N pratItikA paramAvagA.DhpanA huA; isIse

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322 ] [ mokShamArgaprakAshak
paramAvagA.Dh.h.h samyaktva kahA. jo pahale shraddhAn kiyA thA, usako jhUTh jAnA hotA to vahA.N
apratIti hotI; so to jaisA sapta tattvo.nkA shraddhAn Chadmasthake huA thA, vaisA hI kevalI –
siddha bhagavAnake pAyA jAtA hai; isaliye j~nAnAvaraNAdikakI hInatA – adhikatA hone par bhI
tirya.nchAdik va kevalI – siddha bhagavAnake samyaktvaguN samAn hI kahA hai.
tathA pUrva-avasthAme.n yah mAnA thA ki sa.nvar – nirjarAse mokShakA upAy karanA. pashchAt
mukta avasthA hone par aisA mAnane lage ki sa.nvar-nirjarAse hamArA mokSha huA. tathA pahale
j~nAnakI hInatAse jIvAdikake tho.De visheSh jAne the, pashchAt kevalaj~nAn hone par unake sarva
visheSh jAne; parantu mUlabhUt jIvAdikake svarUpakA shraddhAn jaisA Chadmasthake pAyA jAtA hai vaisA
hI kevalIke pAyA jAtA hai. tathA yadyapi kevalI – siddha bhagavAn anya padArtho.nko bhI pratIti
sahit jAnate hai.n, tathApi ve padArtha prayojanabhUt nahI.n hai.n; isaliye samyaktvaguName.n sapta tattvo.nkA
hI shraddhAn grahaN kiyA hai. kevalI – siddhabhagavAn rAgAdirUp nahI.n pariNamit hote, sa.nsAr-
avasthAko nahI.n chAhate; so yah is shraddhAnakA bal jAnanA.
phi ra prashna hai ki samyagdarshanako to mokShamArga kahA thA, mokShame.n isakA sadbhAv kaise
kahate hai.n?
uttaraH – koI kAraN aisA bhI hotA hai jo kArya siddha hone par bhI naShTa nahI.n hotA.
jaise – kisI vR^ikShake kisI ek shAkhAse anek shAkhAyukta avasthA huI, usake hone par vah
ek shAkhA naShTa nahI.n hotI; usI prakAr kisI AtmAke samyaktvaguNase anek guNayukta mukta
avasthA huI, usake hone par samyaktvaguN naShTa nahI.n hotA. is prakAr kevalI – siddhabhagavAnake
bhI tattvArthashraddhAnalakShaN samyaktva hI pAyA jAtA hai, isaliye vahA.N avyAptipanA nahI.n hai.
phi ra prashnaH – mithyAdR^iShTike bhI tattvashraddhAn hotA hai — aisA shAstrame.n nirUpaN hai.
pravachanasArame.n Atmaj~nAnashUnya tattvashraddhAn akAryakArI kahA hai; isaliye samyaktvakA lakShaN
tattvArthashraddhAn kahane par usame.n ativyApti dUShaN lagatA hai?
samAdhAnaH – mithyAdR^iShTike jo tattvashraddhAn kahA hai, vah nAmanikShepase kahA hai – jisame.n
tattvArthashraddhAnakA guN nahI.n aur vyavahArame.n jisakA nAm tattvashraddhAn kahA jAye vah mithyAdR^iShTike
hotA hai; athavA AgamadravyanikShepase hotA hai – tattvArthashraddhAnake pratipAdak shAstro.nkA abhyAs
karatA hai, unakA svarUp nishchay karaneme.n upayog nahI.n lagAtA hai – aisA jAnanA. tathA yahA.N
samyaktvakA lakShaN tattvArthashraddhAn kahA hai, so bhAvanikShepase kahA hai. aisA guNasahit sachchA
tattvArthashraddhAn mithyAdR^iShTike kadAchit nahI.n hotA. tathA Atmaj~nAnashUnya tattvArthashraddhAn kahA hai
vahA.N bhI vahI artha jAnanA. jisake sachche jIv-ajIvAdikA shraddhAn ho usake Atmaj~nAn kaise