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dvayaNukapudgalaskandhAnAmapi tathAvidhatvam. aNavashcha mahAntashcha vyaktishaktirUpAbhyAmiti paramANu– nAmekapradeshAtmakatvepi tatsiddhi. vyaktayapekShayA shaktayapekShayA cha pradesh prachayAtmakasya mahattvasyAbhAvAtkAlANUnAmastitvaniyatatvepyakAyatvamanenaiv sAdhitam. at ev teShAmastikAy– prakaraNe satAmapyanupAdAnamiti.. 4.. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

unake kAyapanA bhI hai kyonki ve aNumahAn hain. yahAn aNu arthAt pradesh–mUrta aur amUrta nirvibhAg [chhoTese chhoTe] ansh; ‘unake dvArA [–bahu pradeshon dvArA] mahAn ho’ vah aNumahAn; arthAt pradeshaprachayAtmak [–pradeshonke samUhamay] ho vah aNumahAn hai. isaprakAr unhen [uparyukta pAnch dravyonko] kAyatva siddha huA. [upar jo aNumahAnakI vyutpatti kI usamen aNuonke arthAt pradeshonke liye bahuvachanakA upayog kiyA hai aur sanskRit bhAShAke niyamAnusAr bahuvachanamen dvivachanakA samAvesh nahIn hotA isaliye ab vyutpattimen kinchit bhAShAkA parivartan karake dvi–aNuk skandhonko bhI aNumahAn batalAkar unakA kAyatva siddha kiyA jAtA hai] ‘do aNuon [–do pradeshon] dvArA mahAn ho’ vah aNumahAn– aisI vyutpattise dvi–aNuk pudgalaskandhonko bhI [aNumahAnapanA honese] kAyatva hai. [ab, paramANuonko aNumahAnapanA kisaprakAr hai vah batalAkar paramANuonko bhI kAyatva siddha kiyA jAtA hai;] vyakti aur shaktirUpase ‘aNu tathA mahAn’ honese [arthAt paramANu vyaktirUpase ek pradeshI tathA shaktirUpase anek pradeshI honeke kAraN] paramANuonko bhI , unake ek pradeshAtmakapanA hone par bhI [aNumahAnapanA siddha honese] kAyatva siddha hotA hai. kAlANuonko vyakti–apekShAse tathA shakti–apekShAse pradeshaprachayAtmak mahAnapanekA abhAv honese, yadyapi ve astitvamen niyat hai tathApi, unake akAyatva hai ––aisA isIse [–is kathanase hI] siddha huA. isaliye, yadyapi ve sat [vidyamAn] hain tathApi, unhen astikAyake prakaraNamen nahIn liyA hai. bhAvArtha– pAnch astikAyonke nAm jIv, pudgal, dharma, adharma aur AkAsh hain. ve nAm unake arthAnusAr hain .

ye pAnchon dravya paryAyArthik nayase apanese kathanchit bhinna aise astitvamen vidyamAn hain aur dravyArthik nayase astitvase ananya hain.

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

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punashcha, yah pAnchon dravya kAyatvavAle hain kAraN kyonki ve aNumahAn hai. ve aNumahAn kisaprakAr hain so batalAte hain––‘aNumahAnta’ kI vyutpatti tIn prakArase hai [1] aNubhi mahAnta aNumahAnta arthAt jo bahu pradeshon dvArA [– do se adhik pradeshon dvArA] baDe hon ve aNumahAn hain. is vyutpattike anusAr jIv, dharma aur adharma asankhyapradeshI honese aNumahAn hain; AkAsh anantapradeshI honese aNumahAn hai; aur tri–aNuk skandhase lekar anantANuk skandh takake sarva skandha bahupradeshI honese aNumahAn hai. [2] aNubhyAm mahAnta aNumahAnta arthAt jo do pradeshon dvArA baDe hon ve aNumahAn hain. is vyutpattike anusAr dvi–aNuk skandh aNumahAn hain. [3] aNavashcha mahAntashcha aNumahAnta arthAt jo aNurUp [–ek pradeshI] bhI hon aur mahAn [anek pradeshI] bhI hon ve aNumahAn hain. is vyutpattike anusAr paramANu aNumahAn hai, kyonki vyakti–apekShAse ve ekapradeshI hain aur shakti–apekShAse anekapradeshI bhI [upachArase] hain. isaprakAr uparyukta pAnchon dravya aNumahAn honese kAyatvavAle hain aisA siddha huA.

kAlANuko astitva hai kintu kisI prakAr bhI kAyatva nahIn hai, isaliye vah dravya hai kintu astikAy nahIn hai.. 4..

pravAhakramanake tathA vistArakramake anshonke] [sah] sAth [svabhAva] apanatva [asti] hai [te] ve [astikAyA bhavanti] astikAy hai [yai] ki jinase [trailokyam] tIn lok [niShpannam] niShpanna hai. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- paryAyen = [pravAhakramake tathA vistArakramake] nirvibhAg ansha. [pravAhakramake ansh to pratyek dravyake hote hain, kintu vistArakramake ansh astikAyake hI hote hain.]

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atra panychAstikAyAnAmastitvasambhavaprakAra kAyatvasambhavaprakArashchokta.

asti hyastikAyAnAn guNai paryAyaishcha vividhai sah svabhAvo AtmabhAvo nanyatvam. vastuno visheShA hi vyatirekiNa paryAyA guNAstu ta evAnvayina. tat aiken paryAyeN pralIyamAnasyAnyenopajAyamAnasyAnvayinA guNen dhrauvyan bibhrANasyaikasyApi vastuna samuchchhedotpAdadhrauvyalakShaNamastitvamupapadyat eva. guNaparyAyai sah sarvathAnyatve tvanyo vinashyatyanya prAdurbhavatyanyo dhravutvamAlambat iti sarvan viplavate. tata sAdhvastitvasambhav–prakArakathanam. kAyatvasambhavaprakArastvayamupadishyate. avayavino hi jIvapudgaladharmAdharmAkAsh–padArthAsteShAmavayavA api pradeshAkhyA parasparavyatirekitvAtparyAyA uchyante. teShAn tai sahAnanyatve kAyatvasiddhirUpapattimatI. niravayavasyApi paramANo sAvayavatvashaktisadbhAvAt kAyatvasiddhiranapavAdA. na chaitadAngkayam

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TIkA– yahAn, pAnch astikAyonko astitva kis prakAr haie aur kAyatva kis prakAr hai vah kahA hai.

vAstavamen astikAyonko vividh guNon aur paryAyonke sAth svapanA–apanApan–ananyapanA hai. vastuke 1vyatirekI visheSh ve paryAyen hain aur 2anvayI visheSho ve guN hain. isaliye ek paryAyase pralayako prApta honevAlI, anya paryAyase utpanna honevAlI aur anvayI guNase dhruv rahanevAlI ek hI vastuko 3vyay–utpAd–dhauvyalakShaN astitva ghaTit hotA hI hai. aur yadi guNon tathA paryAyonke sAth [vastuko] sarvathA anyatva ho tab to anya koI vinAshako prApta hogA, anya koI prAdurbhAvako [utpAdako] prApta hogA aur anya koI dhruv rahegA – isaprakAr sab 4viplav prApta ho jAyegA. isaliye [pAnch astikAyonko] astitva kis prakAr hai tatsambandhI yah [uparyukta] kathan satya– yogya–nyAyayukta haie. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. vyatirek=bhed; ekakA dusarerUp nahIn honA; ‘yah vah nahIn hai’ aise gnAnake nimittabhUt bhinnarUpatA. [ek paryAy

2. anvay=ekarUpatA; sadrashatA; ‘yah vahI hai’ aise gnAnake kAraNabhUt ekarUpatA. [guNommen sadaiv sadrashatA rahatI

3. astitvakA lakShaN athavA svarUp vyay–utpAd–dhrauvya hai. 4. viplav=andhAdhUrandhI; uthalaputhal; gaDabaDaI; virodha.

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

na chaitadAngkayam pudgalAdanyeShAmamUrtarrtvAdavibhAjyAnAn sAvayavatvakalpanamanyAyyam. drashyat evAvibhAjyepi vihAy–sIdan ghaTAkAshamidamaghaTAkAshamiti vibhAgakalpanam. yadi tatra vibhAgo na kalpet tadA yadev ghaTAkAshan tadevAghaTAkAshan syAt. na cha tadiShTam. tata kAlANubhyonyatra sarveShAn kAyatvAkhyan sAvayavatvamavaseyam. trailokyarUpeN niShpannatvamapi teShAmastikAyatvasAdhanaparamupanyastam. tathA cha–trayANAmUrdhvAdhomadhyalokAnAmutpAdavyayadhrauvyavantastadvisheShAtmakA bhAvA bhavantasteShAn mUl– -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

ab, [unhen] kAyatva kis prakAr hai usakA upadesh kiyA jAtA hai– jIv, pudgal, dharma, adharma, aur AkAsh yah padArtha 1avayavI hain. pradesh nAmake unake jo avayav hain ve bhI paraspar vyatirekavAle honese 2paryAyen kahalAtI hai. unake sAth un [pAnch] padArthonko ananyapanA honese kAyatvasiddhi ghaTit hotI hai. paramANu [vyakti–apekShAse] 3niravayav honepar bhI unako sAvayavapanekI shaktikA sadbhAv honese kAyatvasiddhi 4nirapavAd hai. vahAn aisI AshankA karanA yogya nahIn hai ki pudgalake atirikta anya padArtha amUrtapaneke kAraN 5avibhAjya honese unake sAvayavapanekI kalpanA nyAy viruddha [anuchit] hai. AkAsh avibhAjya honepar bhI usamen ‘yah ghaTAkAsh hai, yah aghaTAkAsh [ paTAkAsh] hai’ aisI vibhAgakalpanA draShTigochar hotI hI hai. yadi vahAn [kathanchit] vibhAgakI kalpanA na kI jAye to jo ghaTAkAsh haie vahI [sarvathA] aghaTAkAsh ho jAyegA; aur vah to IShTa [mAnya] nahIn hai. isaliye kAlANuonke atirikta anya sarvamen kAyatva nAmakA sAvayavapanA nishchit karanA chAhiye.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. avayavI=avayavavAlA; anshavAlA; anshI; jinakee avayav [arthAt] ekase adhik pradesh] hon aise. 2. paryAyakA lakShaN paraspar vyatirek hai. vah lakShaN pradeshommen bhI vyApta hai, kyonki ek pradesh dUsare pradesharUp na

3. niravayav=avayav rahit; ansh rahit ; niransh; ekase adhik pradesh rahita. 4. nirapavAd=apavAd rahita. [pAnch astikAyonko kAyapanA honemen ek bhI apavAd nahIn hai, kyonki [upachArase]

5. avibhAjya=jinake vibhAg na kiye jA saken aise.

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padArthAnAn guNaparyAyayogapUrvakamastitvan sAdhayanti. anumIyate cha dharmAdharmAkAshAnAn pratyekamUrdhvA– dhomadhyalokavibhAgarUpeN pariNamanAtkAyatvAkhyan sAvayavatvam. jhaviAnAmapi pratyekamUrdhvAdhomadhyalokavibhAgarUpeN pariNamanAllokapUraNAvasthAvyavasthitavyaktessadA sannihit– shaktestadanumIyat eva. pudgalAnAmapyUrdhvAdhomadhyalokavibhAgarUpapariNatamahAskandhatvaprAptivyakti– shaktiyogitvAttathAvidhA sAvayavatvasiddhirastyeveti.. 5.. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

unakI jo tIn lokarUp niShpannatA [–rachanA] kahI vah bhI unakA astikAyapanA [astipanA tathA kAyapanA] siddha karaneke sAdhan rUpase kahI hai. vah isaprakAr hai–

[1] Urdhva–adho–madhya tIn lokake utpAd–vyay–dhrauvyavAle bhAv– ki jo tIn lokake visheShasvarUp hain ve–bhavate hue [pariNamat hote hue] apane mUlapadArthonkA guNaparyAyayukta astitva siddha karate hain. [tIn lokake bhAv sadaiv kathanchit sadrash rahate hain aur kathanchit badalate rahate hain ve aisA siddha karate hai ki tIn lokake mUl padArtha kathanchit sadrash rahate hain aur kathanchit parivartit hote rahate hain arthAt un mUl padArthonkA utpAd–vyay–dhauvyavAlA athavA guNaparyAyavAlA astitva hai.]

[2] punashcha, dharma, adharma aur AkAsh yah pratyek padArtha Urdhva–adho–madhya aise lokake [tIn] 1vibhAgarUpase pariNamit honese unakee kAyatva nAmakA sAvayavapanA hai aisA anumAn kiyA jA sakatA hai. pratyek jIvake bhI Urdhva–adho–madhya aise tIn lokake [tIn] vibhAgarUpase pariNamit --------------------------------------------------------------------------

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

atra panychAstikAyAnAn kAlasya cha dravyatvamuktam. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- lokapUraN avasthArUp vyaktikI shaktikA sadaiv sadbhAv honese jIvonko bhI kAyatva nAmakA sAvayavapanA hai aisA anumAn kiyA hI jA sakatA hai. pudgalo bhI Urdhva adho–madhya aise lokake [tIn] vibhAgarUp pariNat mahAskandhapanekI prAptikI vyaktivAle athavA shaktivAle honese unhen bhI vaisI [kAyatva nAmakI] sAvayavapanekI siddhi hai hI.. 5..

anvayArtha– [traikAlikabhAvapariNatA] jo tIn kAlake bhAvonrUp pariNamit hote hain tathA [nityA] nitya hain [te cha ev astikAyA] aise ve hI astikAy, [parivartanalinggasanyuktA] parivartanaling [kAl] sahit, [dravyabhAvan gachchhanti] dravyatvako prApta hote hain [arthAt ve chhahon dravya hain.]

-------------------------------------------------------------------------- lokapUraN=lokavyApI. [kevalasamuddyAt ke samay jIvakI trilokavyApI dashA hotI hai. us samay ‘yah

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atra panychAstikAyAnAn kAlasya cha dravyatvamuktam.

vRuttavartamAnavartiShyamANAnAn bhAvAnAn paryAyANA svarUpeN pariNatatvAdastikAyAnAn parivartanalinggasya kAlasya chAsti dravyatvam. na cha teShAn bhUtabhavadbhaviShyadbhAvAtmanA pariNamamAnAnAmanityatvam, yataste bhUtabhavadbhaviShyadbhAvAvasthAsvapi pratiniyatasvarUpAparityAgA–nnityA eva. atra kAla pudgalAdiparivartanahetutvAtpudgalAdiparivartanagamyamAnaparyAyatvA–chchAstikAyeShvantarbhAvArtha sa parivartan– lingga ityukta iti.. 6.. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

dravya vAstavamen sahabhAvI guNonko tathA kramabhAvI paryAyonko 1ananyarUpase AdhArabhUt hai. isaliye jo varta chUke hain, varta rahe hain aur bhaviShyamen vartenge un bhAvon–paryAyonrUp pariNamit honeke kAraN [pAnch] astikAy aur 2parivartanaling kAl [ve chhahon] dravya hain. bhUt, vartamAn aur bhAvI bhAvasvarUp pariNamit honese ve kahIn anitya nahIn hai, kyonki bhUt, vartamAn aur bhAvI bhAvarUp avasthAommen bhI pratiniyat [–apane–apane nishvit] svarUpako nahIn chhoDate isaliye ve nitya hI hai.

yahAn kAl pudgalAdike parivartanakA hetu honese tathA pudgalAdike parivartan dvArA usakI paryAy gamya [gnAt] hotI hain isaliye usakA astikAyommen samAvesh karaneke hetu use ‘3parivartanaling’ kahA hai. [pudgalAdi astikAyonkA varNan karate hue unake parivartan (pariNaman) kA varNan karanA chAhiye. aur unake parivartanakA varNan karate hue un parivartanamen nimittabhUt padArthakA [kAlakA] athavA us parivartan dvArA jinakI paryAyen vyakta hotI hain us padArthakA [kAlakA] varNan karanA anuchit nahIn kahA jA sakatA. isaprakAr panchAstikAyake varNanamen kAlake varNanakA samAvesh karanA anuchit nahIn hai aisA darshAneke hetu is gAthAsUtramen kAlake liye ‘parivartanaling’ shabdakA upayog kiyA hai.].. 6.. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. ananyarUp=abhinnarUp [jisaprakAr agni AdhAr hai aur uShNatA Adhey hai tathApi ve abhinna hain, usIprakAr dravya

2. parivartanaling=pudgalAdikA parivartan jisakA ling hai; vah pudgalAdike pariNaman dvArA jo gnAn hotA hai

3. [1] yadi pudgalAdikA parivartan hotA hai to usakA koI nimitta honA chAhiye–isaprakAr parivartanarUpI chihna

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

atra ShaNNAn dravyANAn parasparamatyantasankarepi pratiniyatasvarUpAdaprachyavanamuktam.

at ev teShAn pariNAmavattvepi prAgnityatvamuktam. at ev cha na teShAmekatvApattirna cha jIvakarmaNorvyavahAranayAdeshAdekatvepi parasparasvarUpopAdAnamiti.. 7.. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[avakAsham dadanti] avakAsh dete hain, [milanti] paraspar [kShIr–nIravat] mil jAte hain. [api cha] tathApi [nityan] sadA [svakan svabhAvan] apane–apane svabhAvako [na vijahanti] nahIn chhoDate.

nishvit] svarUpase chyut nahIn hote aisA kahA hai. isaliye [–apane–apane svabhAvase chyut nahIn hote isaliye], pariNAmavAle hone par bhI ve nitya hain–– aisA pahale [chhaThavI gAthAmen] kahA thA; aur isaliye ve ekatvako prApta nahIn hote; aur yadyapi jIv tathA karmako vyavahAranayake kathanase ekatva [kahA jAtA] hai tathApi ve [jIv tathA karma] ek–dUsareke svarUpako grahaN nahIn karate.. 7.. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- sankar=milan; milAp; [anyonya–avagAharUp] mishritapanA.

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atrAstitvasvarUpamuktam. astitvan hi sattA nAm sato bhAva sattvam. na sarvathA nityatayA sarvathA kShaNikatayA vA vidyamAnamAtran vastu. sarvathA nityasya vastunastattvata kramabhuvAn bhAvAnAmabhAvAtkuto vikAravattvam. sarvathA kShaNikasya cha tattvata pratyabhignAnAbhAvAt kut ekasantAnatvam. tata pratyabhignAnahetubhUten kenachitsvarUpeN dhrauvyamAlambyamAnan kAbhyAnchitkramapravRuttAbhyAn svarUpAbhyAn pralIyamAnamupajAyamAnan chaikakAlamev paramArthatastritayImavasthAn bibhrANan vastu sadavabodhyam. at ev sattApyutpAdavyayadhrauvyAtmikAvaboddhavyA, bhAvabhAvavato kathanchidekasvarUpatvAt. sA cha trilakShaNasya -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

anvayArtha– [sattA] sattA [bhanggotpAdadhrauvyAtmikA] utpAdavyayadhrauvyAtmak, [ekA] ek, [sarvapadArthA] sarvapadArthasthit, [savishvarUpA] savishvarUp, [anantaparyAyA] anantaparyAyamay aur [sapratipakShA] sapratipakSha [bhavati] hai.

TIkA– yahAn astitvakA svarUp kahA hai.

astitva arthAt sattA nAmak satkA bhAv arthAt 1sattva.

vidyamAnamAtra vastu na to sarvathA nityarUp hotI hai aur na sarvathA kShaNikarUp hotI hai. sarvathA nitya vastuko vAstavamen kramabhAvI bhAvonkA abhAv honese vikAr [–parivartan, pariNAm] kahAnse hogA? aur sarvathA kShaNik vastumen vAstavamen 2pratyabhignAnakA abhAv honese ekapravAhapanA kahAnse rahegA? isaliyee pratyabhignAnake hetubhUt kisI svarUpase dhruv rahatI huI aur kinhIn do kramavartI svarUponse naShTa hotI huI tathA utpanna hotI huI – isaprakAr paramArthata ek hI kAlamen tigunI [tIn anshavAlI] avasthAko dhAraN karatI huI vastu sat jAnanA. isaliye ‘sattA’ bhI

-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. sattva=satpanAn; astitvapanA; vidyamAnapanA; astitvakA bhAv; ‘hai’ aisA bhAva. 2. vastu sarvathA kShaNik ho to ‘jo pahale dekhanemen [–jAnanemen] AI thI vahI yah vastu hai’ aisA gnAn nahIn ho

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

samastasyApi vastuvistArasya sAdrashyasUchakatvAdekA. sarvapadArthasthitA cha trilakShaNasya sadityabhidhAnasya saditi pratyayasya cha sarvapadArtheShu tanmUlasyaivopalambhAt. savishvarUpA cha vishvasya samastavastuvistArasyApi rUpaistrilakShaNai svabhAvai sah vartamAnatvAt. anantaparyAyA chAnantAbhirdravyaparyAyavyaktibhistrilakShaNAbhi parigamyamAnatvAt evambhUtApi sA na khalu nirakushA kintu sapratipakShA. pratipakSho hyasattA sattAyA atrilakShaNatvan trilakShaNAyA, anekatvamekasyA, ekapadArthasthitatvan sarvapadArthasthitAyA, ekarUpatvan savishvarUpAyA, ekaparyAyatvamanantaparyAyAyA iti. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ‘utpAdavyayadhrauvyAtmak’ [trilakShaNA] jAnanA; kyonki 1bhAv aur bhAvavAnakA kathanchit ek svarUp hotA hai. aur vah [sattA] ‘ek’ hai, kyonki vah trilakShaNavAle samasta vastuvistArakA sAdrashya sUchit karatI hai. aur vah [sattA] ‘sarvapadArthasthit’ hai; kyonki usake kAraN hI [–sattAke kAraN hI] sarva padArthomen trilakShaNakI [–utpAdavyayadhrauvyakI], ‘sat’ aise kathanakI tathA ‘sat’ aisI pratItikI upalabdhi hotI hai. aur vah [sattA] ‘savishvarUp’ hai, kyonki vah vishvake rUpon sahit arthAt samasta vastuvistArake trilakShaNavAle svabhAvon sahit vartatI hai. aur vah [sattA] ‘anantaparyAyamay’ hai. kyonki vah trilakShaNavAlI ananta dravyaparyAyarUp vyaktiyonse vyApta hai. [isaprakAr 2sAmAnya–visheShAtmak sattAkA usake sAmAnya pakShakI apekShAse arthAt mahAsattArUp pakShakI apekShAse varNan huA.]

pratipakSha hai; [2] trilakShaNAko atrilakShaNapanA pratipakSha hai; [3] ekako anekapanA pratipakSha hai; [4] sarvapadArthasthitako ekapadArthasthitapanA pratipakSha hai; [5] savishvarUpako ekarUpapanA pratipakSha hai; [6]anantaparyAyamayako ekaparyAyamayapanA pratipakSha hai. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. sattA bhAv hai aur vastu bhAvavAn hai. 2. yahAn ‘sAmAnyAtmak’kA artha ‘mahA’ samajhanA chAhiye aur ‘visheShAtmak’ kA artha ‘avAntar’ samajhanA chAhiye.

3. nirankush=ankush rahit; viruddha pakSha rahit ; nipratipakSha. [sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattAkA Upar jo varNan kiyA

4. sapratipakSha=pratipakSha sahit; vipakSha sahit; viruddha pakSha sahita.

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dvividhA hi sattA– mahAsattA–vAntarasattA cha. tatra savapadArthasArthavyApinI sAdrashyAstitvasUchikA mahAsattA proktaiva. anyA tu pratiniyatavastuvartinI svarUpAstitvasUchikAvAntarasattA. tatra mahAsattAvAntarasattArUpeNA–sattAvAntarasattA cha mahAsattArUpeNAsattetyasattA sattAyA. yen svarUpeNottpAdastattatho–tpAdaikalakShaNamev, yen svarUpeNochchhedastattathochchheudaikalakShaNamev, yen svarUpeN dhrovyan tattathA dhrauvyaikalakShaNamev, tat utpadyamAnochchhidyamAnAvatiShThamAnAnAn vastuna svarUpANAn pratyekan trailakShaNyAbhAvAdatrilakShaNatvan trilakShaNAyA. ekasya vastuna svarUpasattA nAnyasya vastuna svarUpasattA bhavatItyanekatvamekasyA. pratiniyatapadArthasthitAbhirev sattAbhi padArthAnAn pratiniyamo -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

[uparyukta sapratipakShapanA spaShTa samajhAyA jAtA hai–] sattA dvividh hai mahAsattA aur avAntarasattA . unamen sarva padArthasamUhamen vyApta honevAlI, sAdrashya astitvako sUchit karanevAlI mahAsattA [sAmAnyasattA] to kahI jA chukI hai. dUsarI, pratinishchit [–ek–ek nishchit] vastumen rahenevAlI, svarUp–astitvako sUchit karanevAlI avAntarasattA [visheShasattA] hai. [1] vahAn mahAsattA avAntarasattArUpase asattA haie aur avAntarasattA mahAsattArUpase asattA hai isaliye sattAko asattA hai [arthAt jo sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattA mahAsattArUp honese ‘sattA’ hai vahI avAntarasattArUp bhI honese ‘asattA’ bhI hai]. [2] jis svarUpase utpAd hai usakA [–us svarUpakA] usaprakArase utpAd ek hI lakShaN hai, jis svarUpase vyay haie usakA [–us svarUpakA] usaprakArase vyay ek hI lakShaN hai aur jis svarUpase dhrauvya hai usakA [–us svarUpakA] usaprakArase dhrauvya ek hI lakShaN hai isaliye vastuke utpanna hoenevAle, naShTa hoenevAle aur dhruv rahanetavAle svarUpommense pratyekako trilakShaNakA abhAv honese trilakShaNA [sattA] ko atrilakShaNapanA hai. [arthAt jo sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattA mahAsattArUp honese ‘trilakShaNA’ hai vahI yahAn kahI huI avAntarasattArUp bhI honese ‘atrilakShaNA’ bhI hai]. [3] ek vastukI svarUpasattA anya vastukI svarUpasattA nahIn hai isaliye ek [sattA] ko anekapanA hai. [arthAt jo sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattA mahAsattArUp honese ‘ek’ hai vahI yahAn kahI huI avAntarasattArUp bhI honese ‘anek’ bhI hai]. [4] pratinishchit [vyaktigat nishchit] padArthamen sthit sattAon dvArA hI padArthonkA pratinishchitapanA [–bhinna–bhinna nishchit vyaktitva] hotA hai isaliye sarvapadArthasthit [sattA] ko ekapadArthasthitapanA hai. [arthAt jo sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattA mahAsattArUp honese

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

bhavatItyekapadArthasthitatvan sarvapadArtha sthitAyA. pratiniyataikarUpAbhirev sattAbhi pratiniyataikarUpatvan vastUnAn bhavatItyekarUpatvan savishvarUpAyA pratiparyAyaniyatAbhirev sattAbhi pratiniyataikaparyAyANAmAnantyan bhavatItyekaparyAy–tvamanantaparyAyAyA. iti sarvamanavadyan sAmAnyavisheShaprarUpaNapravaNanayadvayAyattatvAttaddeshanAyA.. 8..

----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ‘sarvapadArthasthit’ hai vahI yahAn kahI huI avAntarasattArUp bhI honese ‘ekapadArthasthit’ bhI hai.] [5] pratinishchit ek–ek rUpavAlI sattAon dvArA hI vastuonkA pratinishchit ek ekarUp hotA hai isaliye savishvarUp [sattA] ko ekarUpapanA hai [arthAt jo sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattA mahAsattArUp honese ‘savishvarUp’ hai vahI yahAn kahI huI avAntarasattArUp bhI honese ‘ekarUp’ bhI hai]. [6] pratyek paryAyamen sthit [vyaktigat bhinna–bhinna] sattAon dvArA hI pratinishvit ek–ek paryAyonkA anantapanA hotA hai isaliye anantaparyAyamay [sattA] ko ekaparyAyamayapanA hai [arthAt jo sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattA mahAsattArUp honese ‘anantaparyAyamay’ hai vahI yahAn kahI huI avAntarasattArUp bhI honese ‘ekaparyAyamay’ bhI hai].

isaprakAr sab niravadya hai [arthAt Upar kahA huA sarva svarUp nirdoSh hai, nirbAdh hai, kinchit virodhavAlA nahIn hai] kyonki usakA [–sattAke svarUpakA] kathan sAmAnya aur visheShake prarUpaN kI or Dhalate hue do nayonke AdhIn hai.

bhAvArtha– sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattAke do pakSha hain–– ek pakSha vah mahAsattA aur dUsarA pakSha vah avAntarasattA. [1] mahAsattA avAntarasattArUpase asattA haie aur avAntarasattA mahAsattArUpase asattA haie; isaliye yadi mahAsattAko ‘sattA’ kahe to avAntarasattAko ‘asattA’ kahA jAyagA. [2] mahAsattA utpAd, vyay aur dhrauvya aise tIn lakShaNavAlI hai isaliye vah ‘trilakShaNA’ hai. vastuke utpanna honevAle svarUpakA utpAd hI ek lakShaN hai, naShTa honevAle svarUpakA vyay hI ek lakShaN hai aur dhruv rahanevAle svarUpakA dhrauvya hI ek lakShaN hai isaliye un tIn svarUpommense pratyekakI avAntarasattA ek hI lakShaNavAlI honese ‘atrilakShaNA’ hai. [3] mahAsattA samasta padArthasamUhamen ‘sat, sat, sat’ aisA samAnapanA darshAtI hai isaliye ek haie. ek vastukI svarUpasattA anya kisI vastukI svarUpasattA nahIn hai, isaliye jitanI vastuen utanI svarUpasattAen; isaliye aisI svarUpasattAen athavA avAntarasattAen ‘anek’ hain.

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----------------------------------------------------------------------------- [4] sarva padArtha sat hai isaliye mahAsattA ‘sarva padArthommen sthit’ hai. vyaktigat padArthommen sthit bhinna–bhinna vyaktigat sattAon dvArA hI padArthonkA bhinna–bhinna nishchit vyaktitva rah sakatA hai, isaliye us–us padArthakI avAntarasattA us–us ‘ek padArthamen hI sthit’ hai. [5] mahAsattA samasta vastusamUhake rUpon [svabhAvon] sahit hai isaliye vah ‘savishvarUp’ [sarvarUpavAlI] hai. vastukI sattAkA [kathanchit] ek rUp ho tabhI us vastukA nishchit ek rUp [–nishchit ek svabhAv] rah sakatA hai, isaliye pratyek vastukI avAntarasattA nishchit ‘ek rUpavAlI’ hI hai. [6] mahAsattA sarva paryAyommen sthit hai isaliye vah ‘anantaparyAyamay’ hai. bhinna–bhinna paryAyommen [kathanchit] bhinna–bhinna sattAen hon tabhI pratyek paryAy bhinna–bhinna rahakar ananta paryAyen siddha hongI, nahIn to paryAyonkA anantapanA hI nahIn rahegA–ekapanA ho jAyagA; isaliye pratyek paryAyakI avAntarasattA us–us ‘ek paryAyamay’ hI hai.

is prakAr sAmAnyavisheShAtmak sattA, mahAsattArUp tathA avAntarasattArUp honese, [1] sattA bhI hai aur asattA bhI hai, [2] trilakShaNA bhI hai aur atrilakShaNA bhI hai, [3] ek bhI hai aur anek bhI hai, [4] sarvapadArthasthit bhI hai aur ekapadArthasthit bhI hai. [5] savishvarUp bhI hai aur ekarUp bhI hai, [6] anantaparyAyamay bhI hai aur ekaparyAyamay bhI hai.. 8.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

atra sattAdravyayorarthAntaratvan pratyAkhyAtam. dravati gachchhati sAmAnyarUpeN svarUpeN vyApnoti tAnstAn kramabhuva sahabhuvashvasadbhAvaparyAyAn svabhAvavisheShAnityanugatArthayA niruktayA dravyan vyAkhyAtam. dravyan cha lakShya–lakShaNabhAvAdibhya kathanychidbhedepi vastuta sattAyA apRuthagbhUtameveti mantavyam. tato yatpUrvan sattvamasattvan trilakShaNatvamatrilakShaNatvamekatvamanekatvan sarvapadArthasthitatvamekapadArthasthitatvan vishva– -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

dravit hotA hai – [gachchhati] prApta hotA hai, [tat] use [dravyan bhaNanti] [sarvagna] dravya kahate hain – [sattAta ananyabhUtan tu] jo ki sattAse ananyabhUt hai.

TIkA– yahAn sattAne aur dravyako arthAntarapanA [bhinnapadArthapanA, anyapadArthapanA] honekA khaNDan kiyA hai.

hotA hai – prApta hotA hai – sAmAnyarUp svarUpasee vyApta hotA hai vah dravya hai’ – is prakAr 2anugat arthavAlI niruktise dravyakI vyAkhyA kI gaI. aur yadyapi 3lakShyalakShaNabhAvAdik dvArA dravyako sattAse kathanchit bhed hai tathApi vastuta [paramArtheta] dravya sattAse apRuthak hI hai aisA mAnanA. isaliye pahale [8vIn gAthAmen] sattAko jo satpanA, asatpanA, trilakShaNapanA, atrilakShaNapanA, ekapanA,

-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. shrI jayasenAchAryadevakI TIkAmen bhI yahAnkI bhAnti hI ‘dravati gachchhati’ kA ek artha to ‘dravit hotA hai arthAt

2. yahAn dravyakI jo nirukti kI gaI hai vah ‘dru’ dhAtukA anusaraN karate hue [–milate hue] arthavAlI hain. 3. sattA lakShaN hai aur dravya lakShya hai.

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rUpatvamekarUpatvamanantaparyAyatvamekaparyAyatvan cha pratipAditan sattAyAstatsarvan tadanarthAntarabhUtasya dravyAsyaiv draShTavyam. tato na kashchidapi teShu sattA visheShovashiShyet ya sattAn vastuto dravyAtpRuthak vyavasthApayediti.. 9..

atra tredhA dravyalakShaNamuktam. sadrravyalakShaNam uktalakShaNAyA sattAyA avisheShAdrravyasya satsvarUpamev lakShaNam. na chAnekAntAtmakasya dravyasya sanmAtramev svan rUpan yato lakShyalakShaNavibhAgAbhAv iti. utpAd– ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- anekapanA, sarvapadArthasthitapanA, ekapadArthasthitapanA, vishvarUpapanA, ekarUpapanA, anantaparyAyamayapanA aur ekaparyAyamayapanA kahA gayA vah sarva sattAse anarthAntarabhUt [abhinnapadArthabhUt, ananyapadArthabhUt] dravyako hI dekhanA [arthAt satpanA, asatpanA, trilakShaNapanA, atrilakShaNapanA Adi samasta sattAke visheSh dravyake hI hai aisA mAnanA]. isaliye unamen [–un sattAke visheShomen] koI sattAvisheSh sheSh nahIn rahatA jo ki sattAko vastuta [paramArthata] dravyase pRuthak sthApit kare .. 9..

anvayArtha– [yat] jo [sallakShaNakam] ‘sat’ lakShaNavAlA hai, [utpAdavyayadhruvatvasanyuktam] jo utpAdavyayadhrauvyasanyukta hai [vA] athavA [guNaparyAyAshrayam] jo guNaparyAyonkA Ashray hai, [tad] usee [sarvagnA] sarvagna [dravyan] dravya [bhaNanti] kahate hain.

TIkA– yahAn tIn prakArase dravyakA lakShaN kahA hai.

‘sat’ dravyakA lakShaN hai. purvokta lakShaNavAlI sattAse dravya abhinna honeke kAraN ‘sat’ svarUp hI dravyakA lakShaN hai. aur anekAntAtmak dravyakA satmAtra hI svarUp nahIn hai ki jisase lakShyalakShaNake vibhAgakA abhAv ho. [sattAse dravya abhinna hai isaliye dravyakA jo sattArUp svarUp vahI --------------------------------------------------------------------------

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

vyayadhrauvyANi vA dravyalakShaNam. ekajAtyavirodhini kramabhuvAn bhAvAnAn santAne pUrvabhAvavinAsha sumachchheda, uttarabhAvaprAdurbhAvashcha samutpAda, pUrvotarabhAvochchhedotpAdayorapi svajAteraparityAgo dhrauvyam. tAni sAmAnyAdeshAd–bhinnAni visheShAdeshAdbhinnAni yugapadbhAvIni svabhAvabhUtAni dravyasya lakShaNan bhavantIti. guNaparyAyA vA dravyalakShaNam. anekAntAtmakasya vastunonvayino visheShA guNA vyatirekiNa paryAyAste dravye yaugapadyen krameN cha pravartamAnA kathanychidbhinnA kathanychidabhinnA svabhAvabhUtA dravyalakShaNatAmA– ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- dravyakA lakShaN hai. prashna–– yadi sattA aur dravya abhinna hai – sattA dravyakA svarUp hI hai, to ‘sattA lakShaN hai aur dravya lakShya hai’ – aisA vibhAg kisaprakAr ghaTit hotA hai? uttara–– anekAntAtmak dravyake ananta svarUp haien, unamense sattA bhI usakA ek svarUp hai; isaliye anantasvarUpavAlA dravya lakShya hai aur usakA sattA nAmakA svarUp lakShaN hai – aisA lakShyalakShaNavibhAg avashya ghaTit hotA hai. isaprakAr abAdhitarUpase sat dravyakA lakShaN hai.]

bhAvonkA pravAh usamen pUrva bhAvakA vinAsh so vyay hai, uttar bhAvakA prAdurbhAv [–bAdake bhAvakI arthAt vartamAn bhAvakI utpatti] so utpAd hai aur pUrva–uttar bhAvonke vyay–utpAd hone par bhI svajAtikA atyAg so dhrauvya hai. ve utpAd–vyay–dhrauvya –– jo–ki sAmAnya Adeshase abhinna hain [arthAt sAmAnya kathanase dravyase abhinna hain], visheSh Adeshase [dravyase] bhinna hain, yugapad vartate haien aur svabhAvabhUt hain ve – dravyakA lakShaN hain.

vyatirekI visheSh ve paryAyen hain. ve guNaparyAyen [guN aur paryAyen] – jo ki dravyamen ek hI sAth tathA kramasha pravartate hain, [dravyase] kathanchit bhinna aur kathanchit abhinna hain tathA svabhAvabhUt hain ve – dravyakA lakShaN hain.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. dravyamen kramabhAvI bhAvonkA pravAh ek jAtiko khanDit nahIn karatA–toDatA nahIn hai arthAt jAti–apekShAse

2. anvay aur vyatirekake liye pRuShTha 14 par TippaNI dekhiye.

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padyante. trayANAmapyamIShAn dravyalakShaNAnAmekasminnabhihitenyadubhayamarthAdevApadyate. sachchedutpAd– vyayadhrauvyavachcha guNaparyAyavachcha. utpAdavyayadhrauvyavachchetsachcha guNaparyAyavachcha. guNaparyAyavachchetsa– chchotpAdavyayadhrauvyavachcheti. saddhi ninyAnityasvabhAvatvAddhruvatvamutpAdavyayAtmakatAnycha prathayati, dhruvatvAtmakairguNairutpAdavyayAtmakai paryAyaishcha sahaikatvanychAkhyAti. utpAdavyayadhrauvyANi tu nityA–nityasvarUpan paramArthan sadAvedayanti, guNaparyAyAnshchAtmalAbhanibandhanabhUtAn prathayanti. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

dravyake in tInon lakShaNommense [–sat, utpAdavyayadhrauvya aur guNaparyAyen in tIn lakShaNommense] ek kA kathan karane par sheSh donon [binA kathan kiye] arthase hI AjAte hain. yadi dravya sat ho, to vah [1] utpAdavyayadhrauvyavAlA aur [2] guNaparyAyavAlA hogA; yadi utpAdavyayadhrauvyavAlA ho, to vah [1] sat aur [2] guNaparyAyavAlA hogA; guNaparyAyavAlA ho, to vah [1] sat aur [2] utpAdavyayadhrauvyavAlA hogA. vah isaprakAra– sat nityAnityasvabhAvavAlA honese [1] dhrauvyakoe aur utpAdavyayAtmakatAko prakaT karatA hai tathA [2] dhrauvyAtmak guNon aur utpAdavyayAtmak paryAyonke sAth ekatva darshAtA hai. utpAdavyayadhrauvya [1] nityAnityasvarUp 1pAramArthik satko batalAte hain tathA [2] 2apane svarUpakI prAptike kAraNabhUt guNaparyAyonko prakaT karate hain, 3guNaparyAyen anvay aur -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. pAramArthik=vAstavik; yathArtha; sachchA . [vAstavik sat nityAnityasvarUp hotA hai. utpAdavyay anityatAko

2. apane= utpAdavyayadhrauvyake. [yadi guN ho tabhI dhrauvya hotA hai aur yadi paryAyen hon tabhI utpAdavyay hotA

3. pratham to, guNaparyAyen anvay dvArA dhrAvyako siUchat karate hain aur vyatirek dvArA utpAdavyayane siUchat karate hain ;

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

guNaparyAyAstvanvayavya–tirekitvAddhrauvyotpattivinAshAn suchayanti, nityAnityasvabhAvan paramArthan sachchopalakShayantIti..10..

atrobhayanayAbhyAn dravyalakShaNan pravibhaktam. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- vyatirekavAlI honese [1] dhrauvyako aur utpAdavyayako sUchit karate hain tathA [2] nityAnityasvabhAvavAle pAramArthik satko batalAte hain.

avinAbhAvI hain; jahAn ek ho vahAn sheSh donon niyamase hote hI hain.. 10..

nahIn hai, [sadbhAva asti] sadbhAv hai. [tasya ev paryAyA] usIkI paryAyen [vigamotpAdadhruvatvan] vinAsh, utpAd aur dhruvatA [kurvanti] karatI hain.

dravyake lakShaNake do vibhAg kiye gaye hain].

sahavartI guNon aur kramavartI paryAyonke sadbhAvarUp, trikAl–avasthAyI [ trikAl sthit rahanevAle], anAdi–ananta dravyake vinAsh aur utpAd uchit nahIn hai. parantu usIkI paryAyonke– --------------------------------------------------------------------------

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dravyasya hi sahakramapravRuttaguNaparyAyasadbhAvarUpasya trikAlAvasthAyinonAdinidhanasya na samuchchhedasamudayau yuktau. ath tasyaiv paryAyANAn sahapravRuttibhAjAn keShAnchit dhrauvyasambhavepyareShAn kramapravRuttibhAjAn vinAshasambhavasambhAvanamupapannam. tato dravyArthArpaNAyAmanutpAdamuchchhedan satsvabhAvamev dravyan, tadev paryAyArthArpaNAyAn sotpAdan sochchhedan chAvaboddhavyam. sarvamidamanavadyanycha dravyaparyAyANAmabhedAt.. 11..

atra dravyaparyAyANAmabhedo nirdiShTa. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- sahavartI katipay [paryAyon] kA dhrauvya hone par bhI anya kramavartI [paryAyon] ke–vinAsh aur utpAd honA ghaTit hote hain. isaliye dravya dravyArthik Adeshase [–kathanase] utpAd rahit, vinAsh rahit, satsvabhAvavAlA hI jAnanA chAhiye aur vahI [dravya] paryAyArthik Adeshase utpAdavAlA aur vinAshavAlA jAnanA chAhiye.

–––yah sab niravadya [–nirdoSh, nirbAdh, aviruddha] hai, kyonki dravya aur paryAyonkA abhed [–abhinnapanA ] hai.. 11..

anvayArtha– [paryayaviyutan] paryAyonse rahit [dravyan] dravya [cha] aur [dravyaviyuktA] dravya rahit [paryAyA] paryAyen [na santi] nahIn hotI; [dvayo] dononkA [ananyabhUtan bhAvan] ananyabhAv [– ananyapanA] [shramaNA] shramaN [prarUpayanti] prarUpit karate hain.

TIkA– yahAn dravya aur paryAyonkA abhed darshAyA hai. --------------------------------------------------------------------------

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan

dugdhadadhinavanItadhRutAdiviyutagorasavatparyAyaviyutan dravyan nAsti. gorasaviyuktadugdhadadhi– navanItadhRutAdivadrravyaviyuktA paryAyA na santi. tato dravyasya paryAyANAnychAdeshavashAtkathanchidbhede– ppekAstitvaniyatatvAdanyonyAjahadvRuttInAn vastutvenAbhed iti.. 12..

atradravyaguNAnAmabhedo nirdaShTa. pudgalapRuthagbhUtasparsharasagandhavarNavadrravyeN vinA na guNA sambhavanti sparsharas– -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

jisaprakAr dUdh, dahI, makkhaN, ghI ityAdise rahit goras nahIn hotA usIprakAr paryAyonse rahit dravya nahIn hotA; jisaprakAr gorasase rahit dUdh, dahI, makkhaN, ghI ityAdi nahIn hote usIprakAr dravyase rahit paryAyen nahIn hotI. isaliye yadyapi dravya aur paryAyonkA AdeshavashAt [– kathanake vash] kathanchit bhed hai tathApi, ve ek astitvamen niyat [–draDharUpase sthit] honeke kAraN anyonyavRutti nahIn chhoDate isalie vasturUpase unakA abhed hai.. 12..

anvayArtha– [dravyeN vinA] dravya binA [guNa na] guN nahIn hote, [guNai vinA] guNon binA [dravyan na sambhavati] dravya nahIn hotA; [tasmAt] isaliye [dravyaguNAnAm] dravya aur guNonkA [avyatirikta bhAva] avyatiriktabhAv [–abhinnapaNun] [bhavati] hai.

TIkA– yahAn dravya aur guNonkA abhed darshAyA hai .

jisaprakAr pudgalase pRuthak sparsha–ras–gandh–varNa nahIn hote usIprakAr dravyake binA guN nahIn hote; jisaprakAr sparsha–ras–gandh–varNase pRuthak pudgal nahIn hotA usIprakAr guNonke binA dravya -------------------------------------------------------------------------- anyonyavRutti=ek–dUsareke Ashrayase nirvAh karanA; ek–dUsareke AdhArase sthit rahanA; ek–dUsareke banA