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gandhavarNapRugthabhUtapudgalavadguNairvinA dravyan na sambhavati. tato dravyaguNAnAmapyAdeshavashAt kathanchidbhedepyekAstitvaniyatatvAdanyonyAjahadvRuttInAn vastutvenAbhed iti.. 13..
siy atthi Natthi uhayan avvattavvan puNo ya tattidayan.
davvan khu satabhangan AdesavaseN sambhavadi.. 14..
dravyan khalu saptabhanggamAdeshavashen sambhavati.. 14..
atra dravyasyAdeshavashenoktA saptabhanggI. syAdasti dravyan, syAnnAsti dravyan, syAdasti cha nAsti cha dravyan, syAdavaktavyan dravyan, syAdasti chAvaktavyan cha dravyan, syAnnAsti chAvaktavyan cha dravyan, syAdasti cha nAsti chAvaktavyan cha dravyamiti. atra sarvathAtvaniShedhako ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- nahIn hotA. isaliye, dravya aur guNonkA AdeshavashAt kathanchit bhed hai tathApi, ve ek astitvamen niyat honeke kAraN anyonyavRutti nahIn chhoDate isalie vasturUpase unakA bhI abhed hai [arthAt dravya aur paryAyonkI bhAnti dravya aur guNonkA bhI vasturUpase abhed hai].. 13..
anvayArtha– [dravyan] dravya [Adeshavashen] AdeshavashAt [–kathanake vash] [khul] vAstavamen [syAt asti] syAt asti, [nAsti] syAt nAsti, [ubhayam] syAt asti–nAsti, [avaktavyam] syAt avaktavya [puna cha] aur phir [tattritayam] avaktavyatAyukta tIn bhangavAlA [– syAt asti–avaktavya, syAt nAsti–avaktavya aur syAt asti–nAsti–avaktavya] [–saptadhanggam] isaprakAr sAt bhangavAlA [sambhavati] hai.
TIkA– yahAn dravyake Adeshake vash saptabhangI kahI hai.
[1] dravya ‘syAt asti’ hai; [2] dravya ‘syAt nAsti’ hai; [3] dravya ‘syAt asti aur nAsti’ hai; [4] dravya ‘syAt avaktavya’ haie; [5] dravya ‘syAt asti aur avaktavya’ hai; [6] dravya ‘syAt nAsti aur avaktavya’ hai; [7] dravya ‘syAt asti, nAsti aur avaktavya’ hai. --------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adeshavash te sAt bhange yukta sarve dravya chhe. 14.
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
nekAntadyotaka kathanchidarthe syAchchhabdo nipAta. tatra svadravyakShetrakAlabhAvairAdShTimasti dravyan, paradravyakShetrakAlabhAvairAdiShTan nAsti dravyan, svadravyakShetrakAlabhAvai paradravyakShetrakAlabhAvaishcha krameNA– diShTamasti cha nAsti cha davyan, svadravyakShetrakAlabhAvai paradravyakShetrakAlabhAvaishcha yugapadAdiShTamavaktavyan dravyan, svadravyakShetrakAlabhAvairyugapatsvaparadravyakShetrakAlabhAvaishchAdiShTamasti chAvaktavyan cha dravyan, charadravya– kShetrakAlabhAvairyugapatsvaparadravyakShetrakAlabhAvaishchAdiShTan nAsti chAvaktavyan cha dravyan, svadravyakShetra–kAlabhAvai paradravyakShetrakAlabhAvaishcha yugapatsvaparadravyakShetrakAlabhAvaishchAdiShTamasti cha nAsti chAvaktavyan cha dravyamiti. na chaitadanupapannam, sarvasya vastuna svarUpAdinA ashUnyatvAt, pararUpAdinA shUnyatvAt, -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
arthamen avyayarUpase prayukta huA hai. vahAn –[1] dravya svadravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase kathan kiyA jAne par ‘asti’ hai; [2] dravya paradravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase kathan kiyA jAne par ‘nAsti’ haie; [3] dravya svadravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase aur paradravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase kramasha kathan kiyA jAne par ‘asti aur nAsti’ hai; [4] dravya svadravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase aur paradravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase yugapad kathan kiyA jAne par ‘2avaktavya’ hai; [5] dravya svadravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase aur yugapad svapar– dravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase kathan kiyA jAne par ‘asti aur avaktavya’ hai; [6] dravya paradravya–kShetra– kAl–bhAvase aur yugapad svaparadravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase kathan kiyA jAne par ‘nAsti aur avaktavya’ hai; [7] dravya svadravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase, paradravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase aur yugapad svaparadravya–kShetra–kAl–bhAvase kathan kiyA jAne par ‘asti, nAsti aur avaktavya’ hai. – yah [uparyukta bAt] ayogya nahIn hai, kyonki sarva vastu [1] svarUpAdise ‘3ashUnya’ hai, [2] pararUpAdise ‘4shUnya’ hai, [3] dononse [svarUpAdise aur pararUpAdise] ‘ashUnya aur shUnya’ hai [4] dononse [svarUpAdise aur -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 syAt=kathanchit; kisI prakAr; kisI apekShAse. [‘syAt’ shabda sarvathApanekA niShedh karatA hai aur anekAntako
2. avaktavya=jo kahA na jA sake; avAchya. [ekahI sAth svachatuShTay tathA parachatuShTayakI apekShAse dravya kathanamen
3. ashUnya=jo shUnya nahIn hai aisA; astitva vAlA; sat. 4. shUnya=jisakA astitva nahIn hai aisA; asat.
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ubhAbhyAmashUnyashUnyatvAt, sahAvAchyatvAt, bhanggasanyogArpaNAyAmashUnyAvAchyatvAt, shUnyAvAchya–tvAt,
guNapanyjayesu bhAvA uppAdavae pakuvvanti.. 15..
guNaparyAyeShu bhAvA utpAdavyayAn prakurvanti.. 15..
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- pararUpAdise] ekahI sAth ‘avAchya’ hai, bhangonke sanyogase kathan karane par [5] ‘ashUnya aur avAchya’ hai, [6] ‘shUnya aur avAchya’ hai, [7] ‘ashUnya, shUnya aur avAchya’ hai.
bhAvArtha– [1] dravya svachatuShTayakI apekShAse ‘hai’. [2] dravya parachatuShTayakI apekShAse ‘nahIn hai’. [3] dravya kramasha svachatuShTayakI aur parachatuShTayakI apekShAse ‘hai aur nahIn hai’. [4] dravya yugapad svachatuShTayakI aur parachatuShTayakI apekShAse ‘avaktavya hai’. [5] dravya svachatuShTayakI aur yugapad svaparachatuShTayakI apekShAse ‘hai aur avaktavya haie’. [6] dravya parachatuShTayakI, aur yugapad svaparachatuShTayakI apekShAse ‘nahIn aur avaktavya hai’. [7] dravya svachatuShTayakI, parachatuShTayakI aur yugapad svaparachatuShTayakI apekShAse ‘hai, nahIn hai aur avaktavya hai’. – isaprakAr yahAn saptabhangI kahI gaI hai.. 14..
anvayArtha– [bhAvasya] bhAvakA [satkA] [nAsha] nAsh [na asti] nahIn hai [cha ev] tathA [abhAvasya] abhAvakA [asatkA] [utpAda] utpAd [na asti] nahIn hai; [bhAvA] bhAv [sat dravyon] [guNaparyAyaShu] guNaparyAyommen [utpAdavyayAn] utpAdavyay [prakRurvanti] karate hain. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- svadravya, svakShetra, svakAl aur svabhAvako svachatuShTay kahA jAtA hai . svadravya arthAt nij guNaparyAyonke
apanI vartamAn paryAy; svabhAv arthAt nijaguN– svashakti.
‘bhAvo’ kare chhe nAsh ne utpAd guNaparyAyamAn. 15.
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
atrAsatprAdurbhAvatvamutpAdasya saduchchhedatvan vigamasya niShiddham.
bhAvasya sato hi dravyasya na dravyatven vinAsha, abhAvasyAsatonyadravyasya na dravyatvenotpAda. kintu bhAvA santi dravyANi saduchchhedamasadutpAdan chAntareNaiv guNaparyAyeShu vinAshamutpAdan chArabhante. yathA hi ghRutotpatau gorasasya sato na vinAsha na chApi gorasavyatiriktasyArthAntarasyAsata utpAda kintu gorasasyaiv saduchchhedamasadutpAdan chAnupalabh–mAnasya sparsharasagandhavarNAdiShu pariNAmiShu guNeShu pUrvAvasthayA vinashyatsUttarAvasthayA prAdarbhavatsu nashyati cha navanItaparyAyo ghatRuparyAy utpadyate, tathA sarvabhAvAnAmapIti.. 15..
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TIkA– yahAn utpAdamen asatke prAdurbhAvakA aur vyayamen satke vinAshakA niShedh kiyA hai [arthAt utpAd honese kahIn asatkI utpatti nahIn hotI aur vyay honese kahIn satkA vinAsh nahIn hotA ––aisA is gAthAmen kahA hai].
bhAvakA–sat dravyakA–dravyarUpase vinAsh nahIn hai, abhAvakA –asat anyadravyakA –dravyarUpase utpAd nahIn hai; parantu bhAv–sat dravyon, satke vinAsh aur asatke utpAd binA hI, guNaparyAyommen vinAsh aur utpAd karate hain. jisaprakAr ghIkI utpattimen gorasakA–satkA–vinAsh nahIn hai tathA gorasase bhinna padArthAntarakA–asatkA–utpAd nahIn hai, kintu gorasako hI, satkA vinAsh aur asatkA utpAd kiye binA hI, pUrva avasthAse vinAsh prApta hone vAle aur uttar avasthAse utpanna hone vAle sparsha–ras–gandh–varNAdik pariNAmI guNommen makkhanaparyAy vinAshako prApta hotI hai tathA ghIparyAy utpanna hotI hai; usIprakAr sarva bhAvonkA bhI vaisA hI hai [arthAt samasta dravyonko navIn paryAyakI utpattimen satkA vinAsh nahIn hai tathA asatkA utpAd nahIn hai, kintu satkA vinAsh aur asatkA utpAd kiye binA hI, pahalekI [purAnI] avasthAse vinAshako prApta honevAle aur bAdakI [navIn] avasthAse utpanna honevAle pariNAmI guNommen pahalekI paryAy vinAsh aur bAdakI paryAyakI utpatti hotI hai].. 15.. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- pariNAmI=pariNamit honevAle; pariNAmavAle. [paryAyArthik nayase guN pariNAmI hain arthAt pariNamit hote hain.]
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suraNaraNArayatiriyA jIvassa ya pajjayA bahugA.. 16..
suranaranArakatiryanycho jIvasya cha paryAyA bahava.. 16..
atra bhAvaguNaparyAyA pragnApitA.
bhAvA hi jIvAdaya ShaT padArthA. teShAn guNA paryAyAshcha prasiddhA. tathApi jIvasya vakShyamANodAharaNaprasiddhayatharmabhidhIyante. guNA hi jIvasya gnAnAnubhUtilakShaNA shuddhachetanA, kAryAnubhUtilakShaNA karmaphalAnubhUtilakShaNA chAshuddhachetanA, chaitanyAnuvidhAyipariNAmalakShaNa sa– vikalpanirvikalparUpa shuddhAshuddhatayA sakalavikalatAn -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
anvayArtha– [jIvAdyA] jIvAdi [dravya] ve [bhAvA] ‘bhAv’ hain. [jIvaguNA] jIvake guN [chetanA cha upayoga] chetanA tathA upayog hain [cha] aur [jIvasya paryAyA] jIvakI paryAyen [suranaranArakatiryanycha] dev–manuShya–nArak–tiryancharUp [bahava] anek hain.
TIkA– yahA bhAvon [dravyon], guNonn aur paryAyen batalAye hain.
jIvAdi chhah padArtha ve ‘bhAv’ hain. unake guN aur paryAyen prasiddha hain, tathApi 1Age [agalI gAthAmen] jo udAharaN denA hai usakI prasiddhike hetu jIvake guNon aur paryAyon kathan kiyA jAtA hai–
jIvake guNon 2gnAnAnubhUtisvarUp shuddhachetanA tathA kAryAnubhUtisvarUp aur karmaphalAnubhUti– svarUp ashuddhachetanA hai aur 3chaitanyAnuvidhAyI–pariNAmasvarUp, savikalpanirvikalparUp, shuddhatA– -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. agalI gAthAmen jIvakI bAt udAharaNake rUpamen lenA hai, isaliye us udAharaNako prasiddha karaneke liye yahAn
2. shuddhachetanA gnAnakI anubhUtisvarUp hai aur ashuddhachetanA karmakI tathA karmaphalakI anubhUtisvarUp hai. 3. chaitanya–anuvidhAyI pariNAm arthAt chaitanyakA anusaraN karanevAlA pariNAm vah upayog hai. savikalpa
honese sakal [akhaNDa, paripUrNa] hai aur anya sab ashuddha honese vikal [khaNDit, apUrNa] hain;
darshanopayogake bhedommese mAtra kevaladarshan hI shuddha honese sakal hai aur anya sab ashuddha honese vikal hain.
jIvAdi sau chhe ‘bhAv,’ jIvaguN chetanA upayog chhe;
jIvaparyayo tiryanch–nArak–dev–manuj anek chhe. 16.
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
dadhAno dvedhopayogashcha. paryAyAstvagurulaghuguNahAnivRuddhinirvRuttA shuddhA, sUtropAttAstu suranArak– tiryangmanuShlakShaNA paradravyasambandhanirvRuttatvAdashuddhAshcheti.. 16..
ubhayattha jIvabhAvo Na Nassadi Na jAyade aNNo.. 17..
ubhayatra jIvabhAvo na nashyati na jAyatenya.. 17..
idan bhAvanAshAbhAvotpAdaniShedhodAharaNam. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- ashuddhatAke kAraN sakalatA–vikalatA dhAraN karanevAlA, do prakArakA upayog hai [arthAt jIvake guNon shuddha–ashuddha chetanA tathA do prakArake upayog hain].
jIvakI paryAyen isaprakAr hain–– agurulaghuguNakI hAnivRuddhise utpanna paryAyen shuddha paryAyen hain aur sutramen [–is gAthAmen] kahI huI, dev–nArak–tiryanch–manuShyasvarUp paryAyen paradravyake sambandhase utpanna hotI hai isaliye ashuddha paryAyen hain.. 16..
anvayArtha– [manuShyatven] manuShyapatvase [naShTa] naShTa huA [dehI] dehI [jIv] [deva vA itara] dev athavA anya [bhavati] hotA hai; [ubhayatra] un donommen [jIvabhAva] jIvabhAv [na nashyati] naShTa nahIn hotA aur [anya] dUsarA jIvabhAv [na jAyate] utpanna nahIn hotA.
TIkA– ‘bhAvakA nAsh nahIn hotA aur abhAvakA utpAd nahIn hotA’ usakA yah udAharaN hai. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- paryAyArthikanayase guN bhI pariNAmI hain. [dakhiye, 15 vIn gAthAkI TIkA.]
manujatvathI vyay pAmIne devAdi dehI thAy chhe;
tyAn jIvabhAv na nAsh pAme, anya nahi udbhav lahe. 17.
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pratisamayasambhavadagurulaghuguNahAnivRuddhinirvRuttasvabhAvaparyAyasantatyavichchhedakenaiken sopAdhinA manuShyatvalakShaNen paryAyeN vinashyati jIva, tathAvidhen devatvalakShaNen nArakatiryaktvalakShaNen vAnyen paryAyeNotpadyate. na cha manuShyatven nAshe jIvatvenApi nashyati, devatvAdinotpAde jIvatvenApyutpadyate kin tu saduchchhedamasadutpAdamantareNaiv tathA vivartat iti..17..
uppaNNo ya viNaTTho devo maNusu tti pajjAo.. 18..
utpannashcha vinaShTo devo manuShya iti paryAya.. 18..
atra kathanchidvayayotpAdavattvepi dravyasya sadAvinaShTAnutpannatvan khyApitam. yadev pUrvottaraparyAyavivekasamparkApAditAmubhayImavasthAmAtmasAtkurvANamuchchhidyamAnamutpadya–mAnan cha -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
pratisamay honevAlI aguruladhuguNakI hAnivRuddhise utpanna honevAlI svabhAvaparyAyonkI santatikA vichchhed na karanevAlI ek sopAdhik manuShyatvasvarUp paryAyase jIv vinAshako prApta hotA hai aur tathAvidh [–svabhAvaparyAyonke pravAhako na toDanevAlI sopAdhik] devatvasvarUp, nArakatvasvarUp yA tiryanchatvasvarUp anya paryAyase utpanna hotA hai. vahAn aisA nahIn hai ki manuShyapatvase vinaShTa honepar jIvatvase bhI naShTa hotA hai aur devatvase Adise utpAd honepar jIvatva bhI utpanna hotA hai, kintu satke uchchhed aur asatke utpAd binA hI tadanusAr vivartan [–parivartan, pariNaman] karatA hai.. 17..
anvayArtha– [sa cha ev] vahI [yAti] janma letA hai aur [maraNanyAti] mRutyu prApta karatA hai tathApi [na ev utpanna] vah utpanna nahIn hotA [cha] aur [na naShTa] naShTa nahIn hotA; [deva manuShya] dev, munaShya [iti paryAya] aisI paryAy [utpanna] utpanna hotI hai [cha] aur [vinaShTa] vinaShTa hotI hai.
TIkA– yahAn, dravya kathanchit vyay aur utpAdavAlA honepar bhI usakA sadA avinaShTapanA aur anutpannapanA kahA hai. --------------------------------------------------------------------------
janme mare chhe te ja, topaN nAsh–udbhav nav lahe;
sur–mAnavAdik paryayo utpanna ne lay thAy chhe. 18.
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
dravyamAlakShyate, tadev tathAvidhobhayAvasthAvyApinA pratiniyataik– vastutvanibandhanabhUten svabhAvenAvinaShTamanutpannan vA vedyate. paryAyAstu tasya pUrvapUrvapariNAmo–pamardottarottarapariNAmotpAdarUpA praNAshasambhavadharmANobhidhIyante. te cha vastutven dravyAdapRuthagbhUtA evoktA. tata paryAyai sahaikavastutvAjjAyamAnan mriyamANamati jIvadravyan sarvadAnutpannA vinaShTan draShTavyam. devamanuShyAdiparyAyAstu kramavartitvAdupasthitAtivAhitasvasamayA utpadyante vinashyanti cheti.. 18..
tAvadio jIvANan devo maNuso tti gadiNAmo.. 19..
tAvajjIvAnAn devo manuShya iti gatinAma.. 19..
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- jo dravya 1pUrva paryAyake viyogase aur 2uttar paryAyake sanyogase honevAlI ubhay avasthAko AtmasAt [apanerUp] karatA huA vinaShTa hotA aur upajatA dikhAI detA hai, vahI [dravya] vaisI ubhay avasthAmen vyApta honevAlA jo pratiniyat ekavastutvake kAraNabhUt svabhAv usake dvArA [–us svabhAvakI apekShAse] avinaShTa evan anutpanna gnAt hotA hai; usakI paryAyen pUrva–pUrva pariNAmake nAsharUp aur uttar–uttar pariNAmake utpAdarUp honese vinAsh–utpAdadharmavAlI [–vinAsh evan utpAdarUp dharmavAlI] kahI jAtI hai, aur ve [paryAyen] vasturUpase dravyase apRuthagbhUt hI kahI gaI hai. isaliye, paryAyonke sAth ekavastupaneke kAraN janmatA aur maratA hone par bhI jIvadravya sarvadA anutpanna evan avinaShTa hI dekhanA [–shraddhA karanA]; dev manuShyAdi paryAyen upajatI hai aur vinaShTa hotI hain kyonki ve kramavartI honese unakA svasamay upasthit hotA hai aur bIt jAtA hai.. 18..
anvayArtha– [evan] isaprakAr [jIvasya] jIvako [sata vinAsha] satkA vinAsh aur [asata utpAda] asatkA utpAd [na asti] nahIn hai; [‘dev janmatA haie aur manuShya maratA hai’ – aisA kahA jAtA hai usakA yah kAraN hai ki] [jIvAnAm] jIvonkI [deva manuShya] dev, manuShya [iti gatinAm] aisA gatinAmakarma [tAvat] utane hI kAlakA hotA hai. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. pUrva = pahalekI. 2. uttar = bAdakI
suranarapramukh gatinAmano hadayukta kAL ja hoy chhe. 19.
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atra sadasatoravinAshAnutpAdau sthitipakShatvenopanyastau.
yadi hi jIvo ya ev mriyate sa ev jAyate, ya ev jAyate sa ev mriyate, tadaivan sato vinAshosat utpAdashcha nAstIti vyavatiShThate. yattu devo jAyate manuShyo mriyate iti vyapadishyate tadavadhRutakAladevamanuShyatvaparyAyanirvartakasya devamanuShyagatinAmnastanmAtratvAdaviruddham. yathA hi mahato veNudaNDasyaikasya kramavRuttInyane kAi parvANyAtmIyAtmIyapramANAvachchhinnatvAt parvAntaramagachchhanti svasthAneShu bhAvabhAjji parasthAneShvabhAvabhAjji bhavanti, veNudaNDastu sarveShvapi parvasthAneShu bhAvabhAgapi parvAntarasambandhen parvAntarasambandhAbhAvAdabhAvabhAgbhavati; tathA niravadhitri–kAlAvasthAyino jIvadravyasyaikasya kramavRuttayoneke manuShyatvAdiparyAyA AtmIyAtmIyapramANA–vachchhinnatvAt paryAyAntaramagachchhanta svasthAneShu bhAvabhAja parasthAneShvabhAvabhAjo bhavanti, jIvadravyan tu sarvaparyAyasthAneShu bhAvabhAgapi paryAyAntarasambandhen paryAyAntarasambandhAbhAvAdabhAvabhAgbhavati..19.. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
TIkA– yahAn satkA avinAsh aur asatkA anutpAd dhruvatAke pakShase kahA hai [arthAt dhruvatAkI apekShAse satkA vinAsh yA asatkA utpAd nahIn hotA–– aisA is gAthAmen kahA hai].
yadi vAstavamen jo jIv maratA hai vahI janmatA hai, jo jIv janmatA hai vahI maratA hai, to isaprakAr satkA vinAsh aur asatkA utpAd nahIn hai aisA nishchit hotA hai. aur ‘dev janmatA haie aur manuShya maratA hai’ aisA jo kahA jAtA hai vah [bhI] aviruddha hai kyonki maryAdit kAlakI devatvaparyAy aur manuShyatvaparyAyako rachane vAle devagatinAmakarma aur manuShyagatinAmakarma mAtra utane kAl jitane hI hote hain. jisaprakAr ek baDe bAnsake krramavartI anek 1parva apane–apane mApamen maryAdit honese anya parvamen na jAte hue apane–apane sthAnommen bhAvavAle [–vidyamAn] hain aur par sthAnommen abhAvavAle [–avidyamAn] hain tathA bAns to samasta parvasthAnommen bhAvavAlA honepar bhI anya parvake sambandha dvArA anya parvake sambandhakA abhAv honese abhAvavAlA [bhI] hai; usIprakAr niravadhi trikAl sthit rahanevAle ek jIvadravyakI kramavartI anek manuShyatvAdiparyAy apane–apane mApamen maryAdit honese anya paryAyamen na jAtI huI apane–apane sthAnommen bhAvavAlI hain aur par sthAnommen abhAvavAlI hain tathA jIvadravya to sarvaparyAyasthAnomen bhAvavAlA hone par bhI anya paryAyake sambandha dvArA anya paryAyake sambandhakA abhAv honese abhAvavAlA [bhI] hai. --------------------------------------------------------------------------
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
tesimabhAvan kichchA abhUdapuvvo havadi siddho.. 20..
teShAmabhAvan kutvAbhUtapUrvo bhavati siddha.. 20..
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bhAvArtha– jIvako dhrauvya apekShAse satkA vinAsh aur asatkA utpAd nahIn hai. ‘manuShya maratA hai aur dev janmatA hai’ –aisA jo kahA jAtA hai vah bAt bhI uparyukta vivaraNake sAth virodhako prApta nahIn hotI. jisaprakAr ek baDe bAnsakI anek poren apane–apane sthAnommen vidyamAn hain aur dUsarI poronke sthAnommen avidyamAn hain tathA bAns to sarva poronke sthAnommen anvayarUpase vidyamAn hone par bhI prathamAdi porake rUpamen dvitIyAdi poramen na honese avidyamAn bhI kahA jAtA hai; usIprakAr trikAl–avasthAyI ek jIvakI naranArakAdi anek paryAyen apane–apane kAlamen vidyamAn hain aur dUsarI paryAyonke kAlamen avidyamAn hain tathA jIv to sarva paryAyommen anvayarUpase vidyamAn hone par bhI manuShyAdiparyAyarUpase devAdiparyAyamen na honese avidyamAn bhI kahA jAtA hai.. 19..
anvayArtha– [gnAnAvaraNAdyA bhAvA] gnAnAvaraNAdi bhAv [jIven] jIvake sAth [suShThu] bhalI bhAnti [anubaddhA] anubaddha hai; [teShAm abhAvan kRutvA] unakA abhAv karake vah [abhUtapUrva siddha] abhUtapUrva siddha [bhavati] hotA hai.
TIkA– yahAn siddhako atyanta asat–utpAdakA niShedh kiyA hai. [arthAt siddhatva honese sarvathA asatkA utpAd nahIn hotA aisA kahA hai].
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teno karIne nAsh, pAme jIv siddhi apUrvane. 20.
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atrAtyantAsadutpAdatvan siddhasya niShiddham. yathA stokakAlAnvayiShu nAmakarmavisheShodayanirvRutteShu jIvasya devAdiparyAyeShvekasmin svakAraNanivRutau nivRuttebhUtapUrva ev chAnyasminnutpanne nAsadutpatti, tathA dIrdhakAlA– nvayini gnAnAvaraNAdikarmasAmAnyodayanirvRuttisansAritvaparyAye bhavyasya svakAraNanivRuttau nivRutte sumutpanne chAbhUtapUrve siddhatvaparyAye nAsadutpattiriti. kin cha–yathA drAghIyasi veNudaNDe vyavahitA– vyavahitavichitrachitrakirmIratAkhachitAdhastanArdhabhAge ekAntavyavahitasuvishuddhordhvArdhabhAgevatAritA draShTi samantato vichitrachitrakirmIratAvyAptin pashyantI samunaminoti tasya sarvatrAvishuddhatvan, tathA kvachidapi jIvadravye vyavahitAvyavahitagnAnAvaraNAdikarmakirmIratAkhachitabahutarAdhastanabhAge ekAnta– vyavahitasuvishuddhabahutarordhvabhAgevatAritA buddhi samantato gnAnAvaraNAdikarmakirmIratAvyApti vyavasyantI samanuminoti tasya sarvatrAvishuddhatvam. yathA cha tatra veNudaNDe vyAptignAnAbhAsani– bandhanavichitrachitra kirmIratAnvaya tathA cha kvachijjIvadravye gnAnAvar– ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- jisaprakAr kuchh samay tak anvayarUpase [–sAth–sAth] rahane vAlI, nAmakarmavisheShake udayase utpanna honevAlI jo devAdiparyAyen unamense jIvako ek paryAy svakAraNakI nivRutti honepar nivRutta ho tathA anya koI abhUtapUrva paryAyahI utpannaho, vahAn asatkI utpatti nahIn hai; usIprakAr dIrdha kAl tak anvayarUpase rahanevAlI, gnAnavaraNAdikarmasAmAnyake udayase utpanna honevAlI sansAritvaparyAy bhavyako svakAraNakI nivRutti hone par nivRutta ho aur abhUtapUrva [–pUrvakAlamen nahIn huI aisI] siddhatvaparyAy utpanna ho, vahAn asatkI utpatti nahIn hai.
punashcha [visheSh samajhAyA jAtA hai.]–
jis prakAr jisakA vichitra chitronse chitravichitra nIchekA ardha bhAg kuchh DhankAhuA aur kuchh bin DhankA ho tathA suvishuddha [–achitrit] UparakA ardha bhAg mAtra DhankA huA hI ho aise bahut lambe bAns par draShTi DAlanese vah draShTi sarvatra vichitra chatronse hue chitravichitrapanekI vyAptikA nirNay karatI huI ‘vah bAns sarvatra avishuddha hai [arthAt sampUrNa rangabirangA hai]’ aisA anumAn karatI hai; usIprakAr jisakA gnAnAvaraNAdi karmonse huA chitravichitratAyukta [–vividh vibhAvaparyAyavAlA] bahut baDA nIchekA bhAg kuchh DhankA huA aur kuchh bin DhankA hai tathA suvishuddha [siddhaparyAyavAlA], bahut baDA UparakA bhAg mAtra DhankA huA hI hai aise kisI jIvadravyamen buddhi lagAnese vah buddhi sarvatra gnAnAvaraNAdi karmase hue chitravichitrapanekI vyAptikA nirNay karatI huI ‘vah jIv sarvatra avishuddha hai [arthAt sampUrNa sansAraparyAyavAlA hai]’ aisA anumAn karatI hai. punashcha jis prakAr us bAnsamen vyAptignAnAbhAsakA kAraN [nIcheke khule bhAgamen] vichitra chitronse hue chitravichitrapanekA anvay [– santati, pravAh] hai, usIprakAr us jIvadravyamen vyAptignAnAbhAsakA kAraN [nicheke khule bhAgamen]
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
NAdikarmakirmIratAnvaya. yathaiv cha tatra veNudaNDe vichitrachitrakirmIratAnvayAbhAvAtsuvishuddhatvan, tathaiv cha kvachijjIvadravye gnAnavaraNAdikarma kirmIratAnvayAbhAvAdAptAgamasamyaganumAnAtIndriy– gnAnaparichchhinnAtsiddhatvamiti.. 20.. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- gnAnAvaraNAdi karmase hue chitravichitrapanekA anvay hai. aur jis prakAr bAnnsamen [uparake bhAgamen] suvishuddhapanA hai kyonki [vahAn] vichitra chitronse hue chitravichitrapaneke anvayakA abhAv hai, usIprakAr us jIvadravyamen [uparake bhAgamen] siddhapanA hai kyonki [vahAn] gnAnAvaraNAdi karmase hue chitravichitrapaneke anvayakA abhAv hai– ki jo abhAv Apta– Agamake gnAnase samyak anumAnagnAnase aur atIndriy gnAnase gnAt hotA hai.
bhAvArtha– sansArI jIvakI pragaT sansArI dashA dekhakar agnAnI jIvako bhram utpanna hotA hai ki – ‘jIv sadA sansArI hI rahatA hai, siddha ho hI nahIn sakatA; yadi siddha ho to sarvathA asat– utpAdakA prasang upasthit ho.’ kintu agnAnIkI yah bAt yogya nahIn hai.
jis prakAr jIvako devAdirUp ek paryAyake kAraNakA nAsh hone par us paryAyakA nAsh hokar anya paryAyakI utpanna hotI hai, jIvadravya to jo hai vahI rahatA hai; usI prakAr jIvako sansAraparyAyake kAraNabhUt moharAgadveShAdikA nAsh hone par sansAraparyAyakA nAsh hokar siddhaparyAy utpanna hotI hai, jIvadravya to jo hai vahI rahatA hai. sansAraparyAy aur siddhaparyAy donon ek hI jIvadravyakI paryAyen hain.
punashcha, anya prakArase samajhAte hain– mAn lo ki ek lambA bAns khaDA rakhA gayA hai; usakA nIchekA kuchh bhAg rangabirangA kiyA gayA hai aur sheSh uparakA bhAg arangI [–svAbhAvik shuddha] hai. us bAnsake rangabirange bhAgamense kuchh bhAg khulA rakhA gayA hai aur sheSh sArA rangabirangA bhAg aur pUrA arangI bhAg Dhak diyA gayA hai. us bAnsakA khulA bhAg rangabierangA dekhakar avichArI jIv ‘jahAn–jahAn bAns ho vahAn–vahAn rangabirangIpanA hotA hai’ aisI vyApti [–niyam, avinAbhAvasambandha] kI kalpanA kar letA hai aur aise mithyA vyAptignAn dvArA aisA anumAn khInch letA hai ki ‘nIchese upar tak sArA
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guNaparyayai sahita sansaran karoti jIva.. 21..
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- bAns rangabirangA hai.’ yah anumAn mithyA hai; kyonki vAstavamen to us bAnsake UparakA bhAg rangabirangepaneke abhAvavAlA hai, arangI hai. bAnsake draShTAntakI bhAnti–koI ek bhavya jIv hai; usakA nIchekA kuchh bhAg [arthAt anAdi kAlase vartamAn kAl takakA aur amuk bhaviShya kAl takakA bhAg] sansArI hai aur UparakA ananta bhAg siddharUp [–svAbhAvik shuddha] hai. us jIvake sansArI bhAgamen se kuchh bhAg khulA [pragaT] hai aur sheSh sArA sansArI bhAg aur pUrA siddharUp bhAg DhankA huA [apragaT] haie. us jIvakA khulA [pragaT] bhAg sansArI dekhakar agnAnI jIv ‘jahAn– jahAn jIv ho vahAn–vahAn sansArIpanA hai’ aisI vyAptikI kalpanA kar letA hai aur aise mithyA vyAptignAn dvArA aisA anumAn karatA hai ki ‘anAdi–ananta sArA jIv sansArI hai.’ yah anumAn mithyA haie; kyonki us jIvakA uparakA bhAg [–amuk bhaviShya kAlake bAdakA ananta bhAg] sansArIpaneke abhAvavAlA hai, siddharUp hai– aisA sarvagnapraNIt Agamake gnAnase, samyak anumAnagnAnase tathA atIndriy gnAnase spaShTa gnAt hotA hai.
is tarah anek prakArase nishchit hotA hai ki jIv sansAraparyAy naShTa karake siddharUpaparyAyarUp pariNamit ho vahAn sarvathA asatkA utpAd nahIn hotA.. 20.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------
udbhav, vilay, valI bhAv–vilay, abhAv–udbhavane kare. 21.
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
jIvasyotpAdavyayasaduchchhedAsadutpAdakartRutvopapattyupasanhAroyam. dravyan hi sarvadAvinaShTAnutpannamAmnatam tato jIvadravyasya dravyarUpeN nityatvamupanyastam tasyaiv devAdiparyAyarUpeN prAdurbhavato bhAvakartRutvamuktan; tasyaiv cha manuShyAdiparyAyarUpeN vyayatobhAvakartRutvamAkhyAtan; tasyaiv cha sato devAdiparyAyasyochchhedamArabhamANasya bhAvAbhAv– kartRutvamuditan; tasyaiv chAsata punarmanuShyAdiparyAyasyotpAdamArabhamANasyAbhAvabhAvakartRutvamabhihitam sarvamidamanavadyan dravyaparyAyANAmanyataraguNamukhyatven vyAkhyAnAt tathA hi–yadA jIva paryAy–guNatven dravyamukhyatven vivakShyate tadA notpadyate, na vinashyati, na cha kramavRuttyAvartamAnatvAt -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
anvayArtha– [evam] isaprakAr [guNaparyayai sahit] guNaparyAy sahit [jIva] jIv [sansaran] sansaraN karatA huA [bhAvam] bhAv, [abhAvam] abhAv, [bhAvAbhAvam] bhAvAbhAv [cha] aur [abhAvabhAvam] abhAvabhAvako [karoti] karatA hai.
TIkA– yah, jIv utpAd, vyay, sat–vinAsh aur asat–utpAdakA kartRutva honekI siddhirUp upasanhAr hai.
dravya vAstavamen sarvadA avinaShTa aur anutpanna Agamamen kahA hai; isaliye jIvadravyako dravyarUpase nityapanA kahA gayA. [1] devAdiparyAyarUpase utpanna hotA hai isaliye usIko [–jIvadravyako hI] bhAvakA [–utpAdakA] kartRutva kahA gayA hai; [2] manuShyAdiparyAyarUpase nAshako prApta hotA hai isaliye usIko abhAvakA [–vyayakA] kartRutva kahA gayA hai; [3] sat [vidyamAn] devAdiparyAyakA nAsh karatA hai isaliye usIko bhAvAbhAvakA [–satke vinAshakA] kartRutva kahA gayA hai; aur [4] phirase asat [–avidyamAn] manuShyAdiparyAyakA utpAd karatA hai isaliye usIko abhAvabhAvakA [– asatke utpAdakA] kartRutva kahA gayA hai.
–yah sab niravadya [nirdoSh, nirbAdh, aviruddha] hai, kyonki dravya aur paryAyomense ekakI gauNatAse aur anyakI mukhyatAse kathan kiyA jAtA hai. vah is prakAr hai––
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satyaparyAyajAtamuchchhinatti, nAsadutpAdayati yadA tu dravyaguNatven paryAyamukhyatven vivakShyate tadA prAdurbhavati, vinashyati, satparyAyajAtamativAhitasvakAlamuchchhinatti, asadupasthit–svakAlamutpAd yati cheti. sa khalvayan prasAdonekAntavAdasya yadIdrashopi virodho na virodha..21..
amayA atthittamayA kAraNabhudA hi logassa.. 22..
amayA astitvamayA kAraNabhUtA hi lokasya.. 22..
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jab jIv, paryAyakI gauNatAse aur dravyakI mukhyatAse vivakShit hotA hai tab vah [1] utpanna nahIn hotA, [2] vinaShTa nahIn hotA, [3] kramavRuttise vartan nahIn karatA isaliye sat [–vidyamAn] paryAyasamUkoe vinaShTa nahIn karatA aur [4] asatko [–avidyamAn paryAyasamUhako] utpanna nahIn karatA; aur jab jIv dravyakI gauNatAse aur paryAyakI mukhyatAse vivakShit hotA hai tab vah [1] upajatA hai, [2] vinaShTa hotA hai, [3] jisakA svakAl bIt gayA hai aise sat [–vidyamAn] paryAyasamUhako vinaShTa karatA hai aur [4] jisakA svakAl upasthit huA hai [–A pahunchA hai] aise asatko [–avidyamAn paryAyasamUhako] utpanna karatA hai.
vah prasAd vAstavamen anekAntavAdakA hai ki aisA virodh bhI [vAstavamen] virodh nahIn hai.. 21..
isaprakAr ShaDdravyakI sAmAnya prarUpaNA samApta huI.
anvayArtha– [jIvA] jIv, [pudgalakAyA] pudgalakAy, [AkAsham] AkAsh aur [sheShau astikAyau] sheSh do astikAy [amayA] akRut hain, [astitvamayA] astitvamay hain aur [hi] vAstavamen [lokasya kAraNabhUtA] lokake kAraNabhUt hain.
TIkA– yahAn [is gAthAmen], sAmAnyata jinakA svarUp [pahale] kahA gayA hai aise chhah dravyommense pAnchako astikAyapanA sthApit kiyA gayA hai. --------------------------------------------------------------------------
aNukRutak chhe, astitvamay chhe, lokakAraNabhUt chhe. 22.
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
atra sAmAnyenoktalakShaNAnAn ShaNNAn dravyANAn madhyAtpashchAnAmastikAyatvan vyavasthApitam. akRutatvAt astitvamayatvAt vichitrAtmapariNatirUpasya lokasya kAraNatvAchchAbhyupagamyamAneShu ShaTsu davyeShu jIvapudgalAkAshadharmAdharmA pradeshaprachayAtmakatvAt panychAstikAyA. na khalu kAlastadabhAvAdastikAy iti sAmarthyAdavasIyat iti.. 22..
pariyaTTaNasambhUdo kAlo NiyameN paNNatto.. 23..
parivartanasambhUta kAlo niyamen pragnapta.. 23..
atrAsitakAyatvenAnuktasyApi kAlasyArthApannatvan dyotitam. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
honese jo svIkAr [–sammat] kiye gaye hain aise chhah dravyommen jIv, pudgal, AkAsh, dharma aur adharma pradeshaprachayAtmak [–pradeshonke samUhamay] honese ve pAnch astikAy hain. kAlako pradeshaprachayAtmakapanekA abhAv honese vAstavamen astikAy nahIn hain aisA [binA–kathan kiye bhI] sAmarthyase nishchit hotA hai.. 22..
anvayArtha– [sadbhAvasvabhAvAnAm] sattAsvabhAvavAle [jIvAnAm tathA ev pudgalAnAm cha] jIv aur pudgalonke [parivartanasambhUta] parivartanase siddha hone vAle [kAla] aisA kAl [niyamen pragnapta] [sarvagnon dvArA] niyamase [nishchayase] upadesh diyA gayA hai.
TIkA– kAl astikAyarUpase anukta [–nahIn kahA gayA] hone par bhI use arthapanA [padArthapanA] siddha hotA hai aisA yahAn darshAyA hai. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. lok chhah dravyonke anekavidh pariNAmarUp [–utpAdavyayadhrauvyarUp] haie; isaliye chhah dravya sachamuch lokake kAraN hain.
chhe siddhi jenI, kAl te bhAkhyo jiNande niyamathI . 23.
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ih hi jIvAnAn pudgalAnAn cha sattAsvabhAvatvAdasti pratikShaNamutpAdavyayadhrauvyaikavRuttirUpa pariNAma. sa khalu sahakArikAraNasadbhAve draShTa, gatisthityavagAhapariNAmavat. yastu sahakArikAraNan sa kAla. tatpariNAmAnyathAnupapatigamyamAnatvAdanuktopi nishchayakAlo–stIti nishchIyate. yastu nishchayakAlaparyAyarUpo vyavahArakAla sa jIvapadgalapariNAmenAbhi–vyajyamAnatvAttadAyatta evAbhigamyat eveti.. 23.. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
is jagatamen vAstavamen jIvonko aur pudgalonko sattAsvabhAvake kAraN pratikShaN utpAdavyayadhrauvyakI ekavRuttirUp pariNAm vartatA hai. vah [–pariNAm] vAstavamen sahakArI kAraNake sadbhAvamen dikhAI detA hai, gati–sthit–avagAhapariNAmakI bhAnti. [jisaprakAr gati, sthiti aur avagAharUp pariNAm dharma, adharma aur AkAsharUp sahakArI kAraNonke sadbhAvamen hote hain, usI prakAr utpAdavyayadhrauvyakI ekatArUp pariNAm sahakArI kAraNake sadbhAvamen hote hain.] yah jo sahakArI kAraN so kAl hai. 1jIv–pudgalake pariNAmakI 2anyathA anupapatti dvArA gnAt hotA hai isalie, nishchayakAl–[astikAyarUpase] anukta hone par bhI–[dravyarUpase] vidyamAn hai aisA nishchit hotA hai. aur jo nishchayakAlakI paryAyarUp vyavahArakAl vah, jIv–pudgalonke pariNAmase vyakta [–gamya] hotA hai isaliye avashya tadAshrit hI [–jIv tathA pudgalake pariNAmake Ashrit hI] ginA jAtA hai ..23.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------
pariNAmakI hI bAt lI gaI hai.
pariNAm arthAt unakI samayavishiShTa vRutti. vah samayavishiShTa vRutti samayako utpanna karanevAle kisI padArthake
binA [–nishchayakAlake binA] nahIn ho sakatI. jisaprakAr AkAsh binA dravya avagAhan prApta nahIn kar
sakate arthAt unakA vistAr [tiryakapanA] nahIn ho sakatA usI prakAr nishchayakAl binA dravya pariNAmako
prApta nahIn ho sakate arthAt unako pravAh [UrdhvapanA] nahIn ho sakatA. is prakAr nishchayakAlake astitva
binA [arthAt nimittabhUt kAladravyake sadbhAv binA] anya kisI prakAr jIv–pudgalake pariNAm ban nahIn
sakate isaliye ‘nishchayakAl vidyamAn hai’ aisA gnAt hotA hai– nishchit hotA hai.]
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
agurulahugo amutto vaTTaNalakkho ya kAlo tti.. 24..
agurulaghuko amUrto vartanalakShaNashcha kAl iti.. 24..
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anvayArtha– [kAla iti] kAl [nishchayakAl] [vyapagatapanychavarNarasa] pAnch varNa aur pAnch ras rahit, [vyapagatadvigandhAShTasparsha cha] do gandh aur ATh sparsha rahit, [agurulaghuka ] agurulaghu, [amUrta] amUrta [cha] aur [vartanalakShaNa] vartanAlakShaNavAlA hai.
lokAkAshake pratyek pradeshamen ek–ek kAlANu [kAladravya] sthit hai. vah kAlANu [kAladravya] so nishchayakAl hai. alokAkAshamen kAlANu [kAladravya] nahIn hai.
vah kAl [nishchayakAl] varNa–gandh–ras–sparsha rahit hai, varNAdi rahit honese amUrta hai aur amUrta honese sUkShma, atandriyagnAnagrAhya hai. aur vah ShaTguNahAnivRuddhisahit agurulaghutvasvabhAvavAlA hai. kAlakA lakShaN vartanAhetutva hai; arthAt jis prakAr shItaRutumen svayam adhyayanakriyA karate hue puruShako agni sahakArI [–bahirang nimitta] hai aur jis prakAr svayam ghumane kI kriyA karate hue kumbhArake chAkako nIchekI kIlI sahakArI hai usI prakAr nishchayase svayamev pariNAmako prApta jIv– pudgalAdi dravyonko [vyavahArase] kAlANurUp nishchayakAl bahirang nimitta hai.
prashna– alokamen kAladravya nahIn hai vahAn AkAshakI pariNati kis prakAr ho sakatI hai? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- shrI amRutachadrAchAryadevane is 24vIn gAthAkI TIkA likhI nahIn hai isalie anuvAdamen anvayArthake bAd turanta
rasavarNapanchak sparsha–aShTak, gandhayugal vihIn chhe,
chhe mUrtihIn, agurulaghuk chhe, kAL vartanaling chhe. 24.
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mAsoduayaNasamvachchharo tti kAlo parAyatto.. 25..
mAsartvayanasamvatsaramiti kAla parAyatta.. 25..
atra vyavahArakAlasya kathanchitparAyattatvan dyotitam. paramANuprachalanAyatta samaya. nayanapuTaghaTanAyatto nimiSha. tatsankhyAvisheShata kAShThA kalA nAlI -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
uttara– jis prakAr laTakatI huI lambI DorIko, lambe bAnsako yA kumhArake chAkako ek hI sthAn par sparsha karane par sarvatra chalan hotA hai, jis prakAr manogna sparshanendriyaviShayakA athavA rasanendriyaviShayakA sharIrake ek hI bhAgamen sparsha hone par bhI sampUrNa AtmAmen sukhAnubhav hotA hai aur jis prakAr sarpadansh yA vraN [ghAv] Adi sharIrake ek hI bhAgamen hone par bhI sampUrNa AtmAmen dukhavedanA hotI hai, usI prakAr kAladravya lokAkAshamen hI hone par bhI sampUrNa AkAshamen pariNati hotI hai kyonki AkAsh akhaNDa ek dravya hai.
yahAn yah bAt mukhyata dhyAnamen rakhanA chAhiye ki kAl kisI dravyako pariNamit nahIn karatA, sampUrNa svatantratAse svayamev pariNamit honevAle dravyonko vah bAhyanimittamAtra hai .
is prakAr nishchayakAlakA svarUp darshAyA gayA.. 24..
anvayArtha– [samaya] samay, [nimiSha] nimeSh, [kAShThA] kAShThA, [kalA cha] kalA, [nAlI] ghaDI, [tata divArAtra] ahorAtra, [–divas], [mAsartvayanasamvatsaram] mAs, Rutu, ayan aur varSha – [iti kAla] aisA jo kAl [arthAt vyavahArakAl] [parAyatta] vah parAshrit hai.
TIkA– yahAn vyavahArakAlakA kathanchit parAshritapanA darshAyA hai.
paramANuke gamanake Ashrit samay hai; Ankhake michaneke Ashrit nimeSh hai; usakI [–nimeShakI] amuk sankhyAse kAShThA, kalA aur ghaDI hotI hai; sUryake gamanake Ashrit ahorAtra hotA hai; aur usakI [–ahorAtrakI] amuk sankhyAse mAs, Rutu, ayan aur varSha hote hain. –aisA vyavahArakAl
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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–panchAstikAyavarNan
cha. gaganamaNigamanAyatto divArAtra. tatsankhyAvisheShata mAsa, Rutu ayanan, samvatsaramiti. evamvidho hi vyavahArakAla kevalakAlaparyAyamAtratvenAvadhArayitumashakyatvAt parAyatta ityupamIyat iti.. 25..
poggaladavveN viNA tamhA kAlo paDDachchabhavo.. 26..
pudgaladravyeN vinA tasmAtkAl pratItyabhava.. 26..
----------------------------------------------------------------------------- keval kAlakI paryAyamAtrarUpase avadhAranA ashakay honase [arthAt parakI apekShA binA– paramANu, Ankh, sUrya Adi par padArthokI apekShA binA–vyavahArakAlakA mAp nishchit karanA ashakay honese] use ‘parAshrit’ aisI upamA dI jAtI hai.
bhAvArtha– ‘samay’ nimittabhUt aise mand gatise pariNat pudgal–paramANu dvArA pragaT hotA hai– mApA jAtA hai [arthAt paramANuko ek AkAshapradeshase dUsare anantar AkAshapradeshamen mandagatise jAnemen jo samay lage use samay kahA jAtA hai]. ‘nimeSh’ Ankhake michanese pragaT hotA hai [arthAt khulI Ankhake michanemen jo samay lage use nimeSh kahA jAtA hai aur vah ek nimeSh asankhyAt samayakA hotA hai]. pandrah nimeShakA ek ‘kAShThA’, tIs kAShThAkI ek ‘kalA’, bIsase kuchh adhik kalAkI ek ‘ghaDI’ aur do ghaDIkA ek ‘mahUrta banatA hai]. ‘ahorAtra’ sUryake gamanase pragaT hotA hai [aur vah ek ahorAtra tIs muhUrtakA hotA hai] tIs ahorAtrakA ek ‘mAs’, do mAsakI ek ‘Rutu’ tIn RutukA ek ‘ayan’ aur do ayanakA ek ‘varSha’ banatA hai. – yah sab vyavahArakAl haie. ‘palyopam’, ‘sAgaropam’ Adi bhI vyavahArakAlake bhed hain.
uparokta samay–nimeShAdi sab vAstavamen mAtra nishchayakAlakI hI [–kAladravyakI hI] paryAyen hain parantu ve paramANu Adi dvArA pragaT hotI hain isaliye [arthAt par padArthon dvArA mApI sakatI hain isaliye] unhen upachArase parAshrit kahA jAtA hai.. 25.. --------------------------------------------------------------------------
‘chir’ ‘shIdhra’ nahi mAtrA binA, mAtrA nahIn pudgal binA,
te kAraNe par–Ashraye utpanna bhAkhyo kAl A. 26.