Panchastikay Sangrah-Hindi (itrans transliteration). Gatha: 68-82 ; Pudgaldravya-astikay ka vyakhyan.

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] pa.nchAstikAyasa.ngrah

[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

nishchayen sukhaduHkharUpAtmapariNAmAnA.n vyavahAreNeShTA–niShTaviShayANA.n nimittamAtratvAtpudgalakAyAH
sukhaduHkharUpa.n phala.n prayachChanti. jIvAshcha nishchayen
nimittamAtrabhutadravyakarmanirvartitasukhaduHkharUpAtmapariNAmAnA.n vyavahAreN

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nimittamAtra honekI apekShAse nishchayase, aur IShTAniShTa viShayo.nke nimittamAtra honekI apekShAse

vyavahArase sukhaduHkharUp phal dete hai.n; tathA jIv nimittamAtrabhUt dravyakarmase niShpanna honevAle

sukhaduHkharUp AtmapariNAmo.nko bhoktA honekI apekShAse nishchayase, aur [nimittamAtrabhUt] dravyakarmake
udayase sampAdit IShTAniShTa viShayo.nke bhoktA honekI apekShAse vyavahArase, usaprakArakA [sukhaduHkharUp]
phal bhogate hai.n [arthAt nishchayase sukhaduHkhapariNAmarUp aur vyavahArase IShTAniShTA viShayarUp phal bhogate
hai.n].

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[1] sukhaduHkhapariNAmo.nme.n tathA [2] IShTAniShTa viShayo.nke sa.nyogame.n shubhAshubh karma nimittabhUt hote hai.n, isaliye un

karmo.nko unake nimittamAtrapanekI apekShAse hI ‘‘[1] sukhaduHkhapariNAmarUp [phal] tathA [2] IShTAniShTa
viShayarUp phal ‘denevAlA’ ’’ [upachArase] kahA jA sakatA hai. ab, [1] sukhaduHkhapariNAm to jIvakI
apanI hI paryAyarUp honese jIv sukhaduHkhapariNAmako to ‘nishchayase’ bhogatA hai.n, aur isaliye
sukhaduHkhapariNAmame.n nimittabhUt vartate hue shubhAshubh karmo.nme.n bhI [–jinhe.n.n ‘‘sukhaduHkhapariNAmarUp phal
denevAlA’’ kahA thA uname.n bhI] us apekShAse aisA kahA jA sakatA haie ki ‘‘ve jIvako ‘nishchayase’
sukhaduHkhapariNAmarUp phal dete hai.n;’’ tathA [2] IShTAniShTa viShay to jIvase bilakul bhinna honese jIv IShTAniShTa
viShayo.nko to ‘vyavahArase’ bhogatA hai.n, aur isaliye IShTAniShTa viShayo.nme.n nimittabhUt vartate hue shubhAshubh karmo.nme.n
bhI [–jinhe.n.n ‘‘IShTAniShTa viShayarUp phal denevAlA ’’ kahA thA uname.n bhI ] us apekShAse aisA kahA jA
sakatA haie ki ‘‘ve jIvako ‘vyavahArase’ IShTAniShTa viShayarUp phal dete hai.n.’’

yahA.N [TIkAke dUsare paireme.n] jo ‘nishchay’ aur ‘vyavahAr’ aise do bha.ng kiye hai.n vee mAtra itanA bhed sUchit

karaneke liye hI kiye hai.n ki ‘karmanimittak sukhaduHkhapariNAm jIvame.n hote hai.n aur karmanimittak IShTAniShTa viShay
jIvase bilkul bhinna hai.n.’ parantu yahA.N kahe hue nishchayarUpase bha.ngase aisA nahI.n samajhanA chAhiye ki ‘paudgalik
karma jIvako vAstavame.n phal detA hai aur jIv vAstavame.n karmake diye hue phalako bhogatA hai.’

paramArthataH koI dravya kisI anya dravyako phal nahI.n de sakatA aur koI dravya kisI anya dravyake pAsase

phal prApta karake bhog nahI.n sakatA. yadi paramArthataH koI dravya anya dravyako phal de aur vah anya dravya use
bhoge to dono.n dravya ek ho jAye.n. yahA.N yah dhyAn rakhanA khAs Avashyak hai ki TIkAke pahale paireme.n sampUrNa
gAthAke kathanakA sAr kahate hue shrI TIkAkAr AchAryadev svaya.n hI jIvako karma dvArA diye gaye phalakA
upabhog vyavahArase hI kahA hai, nishchayase nahI.n.

sukhaduHkhake do artha hote haiH [1] sukhaduHkhapariNAm, aur [2] IShTAniShTa viShaya. jahA.N ‘nishchayase’ kahA hai vahA.N

‘sukhaduHkhapariNAm’ aisA artha samajhanA chAhiye aur jahA.N ‘vyavahAraseOM kahA hai vahA.N ‘IShTAniShTa ‘viShayaOM
aisA artha samajhanA chahiye.

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or.nvyakarmodayApAditeShTAniShTaviShayANA.n bhoktR^itvAttathAvidha.n phala.n bhu~njante iti. eten jIvasya
bhoktR^itvaguNo.api vyAkhyAtaH.. 67..

tamhA kamma.n kattA bhAveN hi sa.njudodh jIvassa.
bhettA hu havadi jIvo chedagabhAveN kammaphala.n.. 68..

tasmAtkarma kartR^i bhAven hi sa.nyutamath jIvasya.
bhektA tu bhavati jIvashchetakabhAven karmaphalam.. 68..

kartR^itvabhoktR^itvavyAkhyopasa.nhAro.ayam.

tta etat sthitta nishchayenAtmanaH karma kartR^i, vyavahAreN jIvabhAvasya; jIvo.api nishchayenAtmabhAvasya

kartA, vyavahAraNe karmaN iti. yathAtrobhayanayAbhyA.n karma kartR^i, tathaikenApi nayen na

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isase [is kathanase] jIvake bhoktR^itvaguNakA bhI vyAkhyAn huA.. 67..

gAthA 68

anvayArthaH– [tasmAt] isaliye [ath jIvasya bhAven hi sa.nyuktam] jIvake bhAvase sa.nyukta aisA

[karma] karma [dravyakarma] [kartR^i] kartA hai. [–nishchayase apanA kartA aur vyavahArase jIvabhAvakA kartA;
parantu vah bhoktA nahI.n hai]. [bhoktA tu] bhoktA to [jIvaH bhavati] [mAtra] jIv hai [chetakabhAven]
chetakabhAvake kAraN [karmaphalam] karmaphalakA.

TIkAH– yah, kartR^itva aurra bhoktR^itvakI vyAkhyAkA upasa.nhAr hai.

isaliye [pUrvokta kathanase] aisA nishchit huA ki–karma nishchayase apanA kartA hai, vyavahArase

jIvabhAvakA kartA hai; jIv bhI nishchayase apane bhAvakA kartA hai, vyavahArase karmakA kartA hai.

jis prakAr yah nayo.nse karma kartA hai, usI prakAr ek bhI nayase vah bhoktA nahI.n hai.

kisaliye? kyo.nki usee chaitanyapUrvak anubhUtikA sadbhAv nahI.n hai. isaliye chetanApane ke kAraN

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jo anubhUti chaitanyapUrvak ho usIko yahA.N bhoktR^itva kahA hai, usake atirikta anya anubhUtiko nahI.n.

tethI karam, jIvabhAvase sa.nyukta kartA jANavu.n;
bhoktApaNu.n to jIvane chetakapaNe tatphal taNu.n 68.

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bhoktR^i. kutaH? chaitanyapUrvakAnubhUtisadbhAvAbhAvAt. tatashchet–natvAt keval ev jIvaH karmaphalabhUtAnA.n
katha.nchidAtmanaH sukhaduHkhapariNAmAnA.n katha.nchidiShTA–niShTaviShayANA.n bhoktA prasiddha iti.. 68..

e.nv kattA bhottA hojja.n appA sagehi.n kammehi.n.
hiDadi pAramapAra.n sa.nsAra.n mohasa.nChaNNo.. 69..

e.nv kartA bhoktA bhavannAtmA svakaiH karmabhiH.
hi.nDate pAramapAra.n sa.nsAra.n mohasa.nChannaH.. 69..

karmasa.nyuktatvamukhen prabhutvaguNavyAkhyAnametat.

evamayamAtmA prakaTitaprabhutvashaktiH svakaiH karmabhirgR^ihItakartR^itvabhoktR^itvAdhikAro.anAdimohA–
vachChannatvAdupajAtaviparItAbhiniveshaH pratyastamitasamyagj~nAnajyotiH sA.ntamana.nta.n vA sa.nsAra.n
paribhramatIti.. 69..

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mAtra jIv hI karmaphalakA – katha.nchit AtmAke sukhaduHkhapariNAmo.nkA aur katha.nchit IShTAniShTa viShayo.nkA
– bhoktA prasiddha hai.. 68..

gAthA 69

anvayArthaH– [eva.n] is prakAr [svakaiH karmabhiH] apane karmo.nse [kartA bhoktA bhavan] kartA–

bhoktA hotA huA [AtmA] AtmA [mohasa.nChannaH] mohAchChAdit vartatA huA [pAram apAra.n sa.nsAra.n]
sAnta athavA ananta sa.nsArame.n [hi.nDate] paribhramaN karatA hai.

TIkAH– yah, karmasa.nyuktapanekI mukhyatAse prabhutvaguNakA vyAkhyAn hai.

is prakAr pragaT prabhutvashaktike kAraN jisane apane karmo.n dvArA [–nishchayase bhAvakarmo.n aur

vyavahArase dravyakarmo.n dvArA] kartR^itva aur bhoktR^itvakA adhikAr grahaN kiyA hai aise is AtmAko,
anAdi mohAchChAditapaneke kAraN viparIt abhiniveshakI utpatti honese samyagj~nAnajyoti asta ho

gaI hai, isaliye vah sAnta athavA ananta sa.nsArame.n paribhramaN karatA hai.

[is prakAr jIvake karmasahitapanekI mukhyatApUrvak prabhutvaguNakA vyAkhyAn kiyA gayA..] 69..

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abhinivesh =abhiprAy; Agraha.

kartA ane bhoktA thato e rIt nij karmo vaDe
jIv mohathI AchChanna sAnta ananta sa.nsAre bhame. 69.

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uvasa.ntakhINamoho magga.n jiNabhAsideN samuvagado.
NANANumaggachArI NivvANapura.n vajadi dhIro.. 70..

upashA.ntakShINamoho mArga jinabh Shiten samupagataH.
j~nAnAnumArgachArI nirvANapura.n vrajati dhIraH.. 70..

karmaviyuktatvamukhen prabhutvaguNavyAkhyAnametat.

ayamevAtmA yadi jinAj~nayA mArgamupagamyopashA.ntakShINamohatvAtprahINaviparItAbhiniveshaH
samudbhinnasamgj~nAnajyotiH kartR^itvabhoktR^itvAdhikAra.n parisamApya samyakprakaTitaprabhutvashaktirj~nAnasyai–
vAnumArgeN charati, tadA vishuddhAtmatattvopala.nbharUpamapavarganagara.n vigAhat iti.. 70..

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gAthA 70

anvayArthaH– [jinabhAShiten mArga samupagataH] jo [puruSh] jinavachan dvArA mArgako prApta karake

[upashA.ntakShINamohaH] upashA.ntakShINamoh hotA huA [arthAt jise darshanamohakA upasham, kShay athavA
kShayopasham huA hai aisA hotA huA] [j~nAnAnumArgachArI] j~nAnAnumArgame.n vicharatA hai [–j~nAnakA
anusaraN karanevAle mArge vartatA hai], [dhIraH] vah dhIr puruSh [nirvANapura.n vrajati] nirvANapurako prApta
hotA hai.

TIkAH– yah, karmaviyuktapanekI mukhyatAse prabhutvaguNakA vyAkhyAn hai.

jab yahI AtmA jinAj~nA dvArA mArgako prApta karake, upashA.ntakShINamohapaneke kAraN

[darshanamohake upasham, kShay athavA kShayopashamake kAraN] jise viparIt abhinivesh naShTa ho jAnese
samyagj~nAnajyoti pragaT huI hai aisA hotA huA, kartR^itva aur bhoktR^itvake adhikArako samApta karake
samyakrUpase pragaT prabhutvashaktivAn hotA huA j~nAnakA hI anusaraN karanevAle mArgame.n vicharatA hai

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jinavachanathI lahI mArga je, upashA.ntakShINamohI bane,
j~nAnAnumArga viShe chare, te dhIr shivapurane vare. 70.

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[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

ath jIvavikalpA uchyante.

eko chev mahappA so duviyappo tilakkhaNo hodi.
chaducha.nkamaNo bhaNido pa.nchaggaguNappadhANo ya.. 71..
ChakkApakkamajuto uvautto sattabha~N.hgasabbhAvo.

aTThAsao NavaTTho jIvo dasaTThANago bhaNido.. 72..

ek ev mahAtmA sa dvivikalpastrilakShaNo bhavati.
chatushcha.nkramaNo bhaNitaH pa~nchAgraguNapradhAnashcha.. 71..
ShaTkApakramayuktaH upayuktaH saptabha~N.hgasadbhAvaH.
aShTAshrayo navArtho jIvo dashasthAnago bhaNitaH.. 72..

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[–pravartatA hai, pariNamit hotA hai, AcharaN karatA hai], tab vah vishuddha AtmatattvakI upalabdhirUp
apavarganagarako [mokShapurako] prApta karatA hai.

[is prakAr jIvake karmarahitapanekI mukhyatApUrvak prabhutvaguNakA vyAkhyAn kiyA gayA ..] 70..

ab jIvake bhed kahe jAte hai.n.

gAthA 71–72

anvayArthaH– [saH mahAtmA] vah mahAtmA [ekaH ev] ek hI hai, [dvivikalpaH] do bhedavAlA hai

aur [trilakShaNaH bhavati] trilakShaN hai; [chatushcha.nkramaNaH] aur use chaturvidh bhramaNavAlA [cha] tathA
[pa~nchAgraguNapradhAnaH] pA.Nch mukhya guNose pradhAnatAvAlA [bhaNitaH] kahA hai. [upayuktaH jIvaH] upayogI
aisA vah jIv [ShaTkApakramayuktaH] Chah apakram sahit, [saptabha.ngasadbhAvaH] sAt bha.ngapUrvak

sadbhAvavAn, [aShTAshrayaH] AThake AshrayarUp, [navArthaH] nau–artharUp aur [dashasthAnagaH]
dashasthAnagat [bhaNitaH] kahA gayA hai.

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apakram=[sa.nsArI jIvako anya bhavame.n jAte hue] anushreNI gaman arthAt vidishAo.nko Cho.Dkar gamana.

ek ja mahAtmA te dvibhed ane trilakShaN ukta Che,
chaubhramaNayut, pa.nchAgraguNaparadhAn jIv kahel Che; 71.
upayogI ShaT–apakramasahit Che, saptabha.ngIsattva Che,
jIv aShTa–Ashray, nav–arath, dashasthAnagat bhAkhel Che. 72.

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sa khalu jIvo mahAtmA nityachaitanyopayuktatvAdek ev, j~nAnadarshanabhedAdvivikalpaH,

karmaphalakAryaj~nAnachetanAbheden lakShyamANatvAtrilakShaNaH dhrauvyotpAdavinAshabheden vA, chatasR^iShu gatiShu
cha.nkramaNatvAchchatushcha.nkramaNaH, pa~nchabhiH pAriNAmikaudayikAdibhiragraguNaiH pradhAnatvAtpa~nchAgraguNapradhAnaH,
chatasR^iShu dikShUrdhvamadhashcheti bhavA.ntarasa.nkramaNaShaTkenApakrameN yuktatvAtShaTkApakramayuktaH, asit–
nAstyAdibhiH saptabha~N.hgaiH sadbhAvo yasyeti saptabha~N.hgasadbhAvaH aShTAnA.n karmaNA.n guNAnA.n vA AshrayatvAdaShTAshrayaH,
navapadArtharUpeN vartanAnnavArthaH, pR^ithivyaptejovAyuvanaspatisAdhAraNapratyek–dvitrichatuH pa~nchendriyarUpeShu
dashasu sthAneShu gatatvAdrashasthAnag iti.. 71–72..

payaDiTThidiaNubhAgappadesaba.ndhehi.n savvado mukko.
uDDha.n gachChadi sesA vidisAvajja.n gadi.n ja.nti.. 73..

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TIkAH– vah jIv mahAtmA [1] vAstavame.n nityachaitanya–upayogI honese ‘ek ’ hI hai; [2]

j~nAn aur darshan aise bhedo.nke kAraN ‘do bhedavAlA’ hai; [3] karmaphalachetanA, kAryachetanA aur
j~nAnachetanA aise bhedo.n.n dvArA athavA dhrauvya, utpAd aur vinAsh aise bhedo.n dvArA lakShit honese ‘trilakShaN
[tIn lakShaNavAlA]’ hai; [4] chAr gatiyo.nme.n bhramaN karatA hai isaliye ‘chaturvidh bhramaNavAlA’ hai; [5]
pAriNAmik audayik ityAdi pA.Nch mukhya guNo.n dvArA pradhAnatA honese ‘pA.Nch mukhya guNo.nse
pradhAnatAvAlA’ hai; [6] chAr dishAo.nme.n, Upar aur nIche is prrakAr ShaDvidh bhavAntaragamanarUp
apakramase yukta honeke kAraN [arthAt anya bhavame.n jAte hue uparokta Chah dishAo.nme.n gaman hotA hai
isaliye] ‘Chah apakram sahit’ hai; [7] asti, nAsti Adi sAt bha.ngo dvArA jisakA sadbhAv hai
aisA honese ‘sAt bha.ngapUrvak sadbhAvavAn’ hai; [8] [j~nAnAvaraNIyAdi] ATh karmo.nke athavA
[samyaktvAdi] ATh guNo.nke AshrayabhUt honese ‘AThake AshrayarUp’ hai; [9] nav padArtharUpase vartatA
hai isaliye ‘nav–artharUp’ hai; [10] pR^ithvI, jal, agni, vAyu, sAdhAraN vanaspati, pratyek vanaspati,
dvIndriy, trIndriy chaturindriy aur pa.nchendriyarUp dash sthAnome.n prApta honese ‘dashasthAnagat’ hai.. 71–
72..

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prakR^iti–sthiti–paradesh– anubhavaba.ndhathI parimuktane
gati hoy U.nche; sheShane vidishA tajI gati hoy Che. 73.

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[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

prakR^itisthityanubhAgapradeshaba.ndhaiH sarvato muktaH.
Urdhva gachChati sheShA vidigvarjA.n gati.n yA.nti.. 73..

baddhajIvasya Sha~N.hgatayaH karmanimittAH. muktasyApyUrdhvagatirekA svAbhAvikItyatroktam.. 73..

–iti jIvadravyAstikAyavyAkhyAna.n samAptam.

ath pudgaladravyAstikAyavyAkhyAnam.

kha.ndhA ya kha.ndhadesA kha.ndhapadesA ya ho.nti paramANU.
idi te chaduvviyappA puggalakAyA muNeyavvA.. 74..

ska.ndhAshcha ska.ndhadeshAH ska.ndhapradeshAshcha bhavanti paramANavaH.
iti te chaturvikalpAH pudgalakAyA j~nAtavyAH.. 74..

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gAthA 73

anvayArthaH– [prakR^itisthityanubhAgapradeshaba.ndhaiH] prakR^itibandha, sthitibandha, anubhAgabandha aur

pradeshabandhase [sarvataH muktaH] sarvataH mukta jIv [Udhva.n gachChati] Urdhvagaman karatA hai; [sheShAH] sheSh
jIv [bhavAntarame.n jAte hue] [vidigvarjA gati.n yA.nti] vidishAe.N Cho.D.h.h kar gaman karate hai.n.

TIkAH– baddha jIvako karmanimittak ShaDvidh gaman [arthAt karma jisame.n nimittabhUt hai.n aisA Chah

dishAo.n.nme.n gaman] hotA hai; mukta jIvako bhI svAbhAvik aisA ek Urdhvagaman hotA hai. – aisA yahA.N
kahA hai.

bhAvArthaH– samasta rAgAdivibhAv rahit aisA jo shuddhAtmAnubhUtilakShaN dhyAn usake bal dvArA

chaturvidh bandhase sarvathA mukta huA jIv bhI, svAbhAvik ananta j~nAnAdi guNo.nse yukta vartatA huA,
ekasamayavartI avigrahagati dvArA [lokAgraparya.nt] svAbhAvik Urdhvagaman karatA hai. sheSh sa.nsArI jIv
maraNAntame.n vidishAe.N Cho.Dkar pUrvokta ShaT–apakramasvarUp [karmanimittak] anushreNIgaman karate hai.n..
73..

is prakAr jIvadravyAstikAyakA vyAkhyAn samApta huA.

ab pudgaladravyAstikAyakA vyAkhyAn hai.

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jaDarUp pudgalakAy kerA chAr bhedo jANavA;
te ska.ndh teno desh, s.nkadhapradesh, paramANu kahyA. 74.

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pudgaladravyavikalpAdesho.ayam.

pudgaladravyANi hi kadAchitska.ndhaparyAyeN, kadAchitska.ndhadeshaparyAyeN,

kadAchitska.ndhapradeshaparyAyeN, kadAchitparamANutvenAtra tiShTanti. nAnyA gatirasti. iti teShA.n
chaturvikalpatvamiti.. 74..

kha.ndha.n sayalasamattha.n tassa du addha.n bhaNa.nti deso tti.
addhaddha.n cha padeso paramANU chev avibhAgI.. 75..

ska.ndhaH sakalasamastastasya tvardha.n bhaNanti desh iti.
ardhArdha cha pradeshaH paramANushchaivAvibhAgI.. 75..

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gAthA 74

anvayArthaH– [te pudgalakAyAH] pudgalakAyake [chaturvikalpAH] chAr bhed [j~nAtavyAH] jAnanA;

[ska.ndhAH cha] ska.ndh, [ska.ndhadeshAH] ska.ndhadesh [ska.ndhapradeshAH] ska.ndhapradesh [cha] aur [paramANavaH
bhavanti iti] paramANuu.

TIkAH– yah, pudgaladravyake bhedo.nkA kathan hai.

pudgaladravya kadAchit ska.ndhaparyAyase, kadAchit ska.ndhadesharUp paryAyase, kadAchit ska.ndhapradesharUp

paryAyase aur kadAchit paramANurUpase yahA.N [lokame.n] hote hai.n; anya koI gati nahI.n hai. is prakAr
unake chAr bhed hai.n.. 74..

gAthA 75

anvayArthaH– [sakalasamastaH] sakal–samasta [pudgalapiNDAtmak sampUrNa vastu] vah [ska.ndhaH]

ska.ndh hai. [tasya ardha.n tu] usake ardhako [deshaH iti bhaNanti] desh kahate hai.n, [ardhAdha.n cha] ardhakA
ardha vah [pradeshaH] pradesh hai [cha] aur [avibhAgI] avibhAgI vah [paramANuH ev] sachamuch paramANu
hai.

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pUraN–sakaL te‘ska.ndh’ Che ne ardha tenu.n ‘desh’ Che,
ardhArdha tenu.n ‘pradesh’ ne avibhAg te ‘paramANu’ Che. 75.

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] pa.nchAstikAyasa.ngrah

[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

pudgaladravyavikalpanirdesho.ayam.

ana.ntAna.ntaparamANvArabdho.apyekaH ska.ndho nAm paryAyaH. tadardha ska.ndhadesho nAm paryAyaH. tadardhArdha.n

ska.ndhapradesho nAm paryAyaH. eva.n bhedavashAt dvayaNukaska.ndhAdana.ntAH ska.ndhapradeshaparyAyAH nirvibhAgaikapradeshaH
ska.ndhasyA.ntyo bhedaH paramANurekaH. punarapi dvayoH paramANvoH sa.ndhAtAdeko dvayaNukaska.ndhaparyAyaH. eva.n
sa.ndhAtavashAdana.ntAH ska.ndhaparyAyAH. eva.n bhedasa.ndhAtAbhyAmapyana.ntA bhava.ntIti.. 75..

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TIkAH– yah, pudgal bhedo.nkA varNan hai

anantAnanta paramANuo.nse nirmit hone par bhI jo ek ho vah ska.ndh nAmakI paryAy hai; usakI

AdhI ska.ndhadesh nAmak paryAy hai; AdhIkI AdhI ska.ndhapradesh nAmakI paryAy hai. is prakAr bhedake
kAraN [pR^ithak honake kAraN] dvi–aNuk ska.ndhaparya.nt ananta ska.ndhapradesharUp paryAye.n hotI hai.n.
nirvibhAg–ek–pradeshavAlA, ska.ndhakA antim a.nsh vah ek paramANu hai. [is prakAr bhedase honevAle

pudgalavikalpo.nkA varNan huA.]

punashcha, do paramANuo.nke sa.nghAtase [milanese] ek dviaNuk–ska.ndharUp paryAy hotI hai. is

prakAr sa.nghAtake kAraN [dviaNukaska.ndhakI bhA.Nti triaNuk–ska.ndh, chaturaNuk–ska.ndh ityAdi] ananta
ska.ndharUp paryAye.n hotI hai. [is prakAr sa.nghAtase honevAle pudgalavikalpakA varNan huA. ]

is prakAr bhed–sa.nghAt dono.nse bhI [ek sAth bhed aur sa.nghAt dono honese bhI] ananta

[ska.ndharUp paryAye.n] hotI hai.n. [is prakAr bhed–sa.nghAtase honevAle pudgalavikalpakA varNan huA..]
75..

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bhedase honebhAle pudgalavikalpo.nkA [pudgalabhedo.nkA] TIkAkAr shrI jayasenAchAryanee jo varNan kiyA hai usakA

tAtparya nimnAnusAr haiH– anantaparamANupi.nDAtmak ghaTapaTAdirUp jo vivakShit sampUrNa vastu use ‘ska.ndh’ sa.nj~nA
haie. bhed dvArA usake jo pudgalavikalpa hote hai.n ve nimnokta draShTAntAnusAr samajhanA. mAnalo ki 16
paramANuo.nse nirmit ek pudgalapiNDa hai aur vah TUTakar usake Tuka.De hote hai. vahA.N 16 paramANuAo.nke pUrNa
pudgalapiNDako ‘ska.ndh’ mAne to 8 paramANuo.nvAlA usakA ardhabhAgarUp Tuka.DA vah ‘desh’ hai, 4
paramANuo.nvAlA usakA chaturthabhAgarUp Tuka.DA vah ‘pradesh’ hai aur avibhAgI ChoTe–se–ChoTA Tuka.DA vah
‘paramANu’ hai. punashcha, jis prakAr 16 paramANuvAle pUrNa piNDako ‘ska.ndh’ sa.nj~nA hai, usI prakAr 15 se lekar
9 paramANuo.n takake kisI bhI Tuka.Deko bhI ‘ska.ndh’ sa.nj~nA haie; jis prakAr 8 paramANuo.nvAle usake
ardhabhAgarUp Tuka.Deko ‘desh’ sa.nj~nA haie, usI prakAr 7 se lekar 5 paramANaou.n takake usake kisI bhI
Tuka.Deko bhI ‘desh’ sa.nj~nA hai; jis prakAr 4 paramANuvAle usake chaturthabhAgarUp Tuka.Deko ‘pradesh’ sa.nj~nA hai,
usI prakAr 3 se lekar 2 paramANu takake usake kisI bhI Tuka.Deko bhI ‘pradesh’ sa.nj~nA hai. – is draShTAntake
anusAr, bhed dvArA honevAle pudgalavikalpa samajhanA.

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bAdarasuhumagadANa.n kha.ndhANa.n puggalo tti vavahAro.
te ho.nti ChappayArA telokka.n jehi.n NippaNNa.n.. 76..

bAdarasaukShmyagatAnA.n ska.ndhAnA.n pudgalaH iti vyavahAraH.
te bhavanti ShaTprakArAstrailokya.n yaiH niShpannam.. 76..

ska.ndhAnA.n pudgalavyavahArasamarthanametat.

sparsharasaga.ndhavarNaguNavisheShaiH ShaTsthAnapatitavR^iddhihAnibhiH pUraNagalanadharmatvAt ska.ndh–

vyaktyAvirbhAvatirobhAvAbhyAmapi cha pUraNagalanopapatteH paramANavaH pudgalA iti nishchIya.nte.
ska.ndhAstvanekapudgalamayaikaparyAyatven pudgalebhyo.ananyatvAtpudgalA iti

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gAthA 76

anvayArthaH– [bAdarasaukShmyagatAnA.n] bAdar aur sUkShmarUpase pariNat [ska.ndhAnA.n] ska.ndho.nko

[pudgalaH] ‘pudgal’ [iti] aisA [vyavahAraH] vyavahAr hai. [te] ve [ShaTprakArAH bhavanti] Chah
prakArake hai.n, [yaiH] jinase [trailokya.n] tIn lok [niShpannam] niShpanna hai.

TIkAH– ska.ndho.nme.n ‘pudgal’ aisA jo vyavahAr hai usakA yah samarthan hai.

[1] jiname.n ShaTsthAnapatit [Chah sthAno.nme.n samAvesh pAnevAlI] vR^iddhihAni hotI hai aise sparsha–

ras–ga.ndh–varNarUp guNavisheSho.nke kAraN [paramANu] ‘pUraNagalan’ dharmavAle honese tathA [2]
ska.ndhavyaktike [–ska.ndhaparyAyake] AvirbhAv aur tirobhAvakI apekShAse bhI [paramANuo.nme.n]

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sau ska.ndh bAdar–sUkShmamA.n ‘pudgal’ taNo vyavahAr Che;
Cha vikalpa Che ska.ndho taNA, jethI trijag niShpanna Che. 76.

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[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

vyavahriya.nte, tathaiv cha bAdarasUkShmatvapariNAmavikalpaiH ShaTprakAratAmApadya trailokyarUpeN niShpadya
sthitava.nt iti. tathA hi–bAdarabAdarAH, bAdarAH, bAdarasUkShmAH, sUkShmabAdarAH, sUkShmAH, sUkShma–sUkShmA
iti. tatra ChinnAH svaya.n sa.ndhAnAsamarthAH kAShThapAShANadayo bAdarabAdarAH. ChinnAH svaya.n sa.ndhAnasamarthAH
kShIradhR^itatailatoyarasaprabhR^itayo bAdarAH. sthUlopala.nbhA api Chettu.n bhettumAdAtumashakyAH

ChAyAtapatamojyotstrAdayo bAdarasUkShmAH. sUkShmatve.api sthUlopala.nbhAH sparsharasaga.ndhashabdAH sUkShma–bAdarAH.
sUkShmatve.api hi karaNAnupalabhyAH karmavargaNAdayaH sUkShmAH. atya.ntasUkShmAH karmavargaNA–bhyo.adho dvayaNuk
ska.ndhaparyantAH sUkShmasUkShmA iti.. 76..

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‘pUraN – galan’ ghaTit honese paramANu nishchayase ‘1pudgal’ hai.n. ska.ndh to 2anekapudgalamay

ekaparyAyapaneke kAraN pudgalo.nse ananya honese vyavahArase ‘pudgal’ hai; tathA [ve] bAdaratva aur
sUkShmatvarUp pariNAmo.nke bhedo.n dvArA Chah prakAro.nko prApta karake tIn lokarUp hokar rahe hai.n. ve Chah
prakArake ska.ndh is prakAr hai.nH– [1] bAdarabAdar; [2] bAdar; [3] bAdarasUkShma; [4] sUkShmabAdar; [5]
sUkShma; [6] sUkShmasUkShma. vahA.N, [1] kAShThapAShANAdik [ska.ndh] jo ki Chedan honepar svaya.n nahI.n ju.D.h.h
sakate ve [ghan padArtha] ‘bAdarabAdar’ hai.n; [2] dUdh, ghI, tel, jal, ras Adi [ska.ndh] jo ki
Chedan honepar svaya.n ju.D.h.h jAte hai.n ve [pravAhI padArtha] ‘bAdar’ hai; [3] ChAyA, dhUp, a.ndhakAr, chA.ndanI
Adi [ska.ndh] jo ki sthUl j~nAt honepar bhI jinakA Chedan, bhedan athavA [hastAdi dvArA] grahaN
nahI.n kiyA jA sakatA ve ‘bAdarasUkShma’ hai.n; [4] sparsha–ras–ga.ndh–shabda jo ki sUkShma hone par bhI
sthUl j~nAt hote hai.n [arthAt chakShakou Cho.Dkar chAr indriyo.n.nke viShayabhUt ska.ndh jo ki A.Nkhase dikhAI
na dene par bhI sparshanendriy dvArA sparsha kiyA jA sakatA haie] jIbh dvArA jinakA svAd liyA jA
sakatA haie, nAkase sU.n.ndhA jA sakatA haie athavA kAnase sunA jA sakatA haie ve ‘sUkShmabAdar’ hai.n; [5]
karmavargaNAdi [ska.ndh] ki jinhe.n sUkShmapanA hai tathA jo indriyo.nse j~nAt na ho.n aise hai.n ve ‘sUkShma’ hai.n;
[6] karmavargaNAse nIcheke [karmavargaNAtIt dviaNuk–ska.ndh takake [ska.ndh] jo ki atyanta sUkShma hai.n ve
‘sUkShmasUkShma’ hai.n.. 76..
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1. jisame.n [sparsha–ras–ga.ndh–varNakI apekShAse tathA ska.ndhaparyAyakI apekShAse] pUraN aur galan ho vah pudgal hai.

pUraN=puranA; bharanA; pUrti; puShTi; vR^iddhi. galan=galanA; kShIN honA; kR^ishatA; hAniH nyUnatAH [[1] paramANuo.nke
visheSh guN jo sparsha–ras–ga.ndh–varNa hai.n uname.n honevAlI ShaTsthAnapatit vR^iddhi vah pUraN hai aur ShaTsthAnapatit
hAni vah galan hai; isaliye is prakAr paramANu pUraN–galanadharmavAle hai.n. [2] paramANuo.nme.n ska.ndharUp paryAyakA
AvirbhAv honA so pUraN hai aur tirobhAv honA vah galan haie; is prakAr bhI paramANuo.nme.n pUraNagalan ghaTit
hotA hai.]

2. ska.ndh anekaparamANumay hai isaliye vah paramANuo.nse ananya hai; aur paramANu to pudgal hai.n; isaliye ska.ndh bhI

vyavahArase ‘pudgal’ hai.n.

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savvesi.n kha.ndhANa.n jo a.nto ta.n viyAN paramANU.
so sassado asaddo ekko avibhAgI muttibhavo.. 77..

sarveShA.n ska.ndhAnA.n yo.antyasta.n vijAnIhi paramANum.
sa shAshvato.ashabdaH eko.avibhAgI bhUrtibhavaH.. 77..

paramANuvyAkhyeyam.

uktAnA.n ska.ndharUpaparyAyANA.n yo.antyo bhedaH sa paramANuH. sa tu punarvibhAgAbhAvAd–vibhAgI,

nirvibhAgaikapradeshatvAdekaH, mUrtadravyatven sadApyavinashvaratvAnnityaH,
anAdinidhanarUpAdipariNAmotpannatvAnmUrtibhavaH, rUpAdipariNAmotpannatve.api shabdasya
paramANuguNatvAbhAvAtpudgalaska.ndhaparyAyatven vakShyamANatvAchchAshabdo nishchIyat iti.. 77..

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gAthA 77

anvayArthaH– [sarvaShA.n ska.ndhAnA.n] sarva ska.ndho.nkA [yaH antyaH] jo antim bhAg [ta.n] use

[paramANum vijAnIhi] paramANu jAno. [saH] vah [avibhAgI] avibhAgI, [ekaH] ek, [shAshvataH],
shAshvat [mUrtibhavaH] mUrtiprabhav [mUrtarUpase utpanna honevAlA] aur [ashabdaH] ashabda hai.

TIkAH– yah, paramANukI vyAkhyA hai.

pUrvokta ska.ndharUp paryAyo.nkA jo antim bhed [ChoTe–se–ChoTA a.nsh] vah paramANu hai. aur vah

to, vibhAgake abhAvake kAraN avibhAgI hai; nirvibhAg–ek–pradeshI honese ek hai; mUrtadravyarUpase sadaiv
avinAshI honese nitya hai; anAdi–ananta rUpAdike pariNAmase utpanna honeke kAraN mUrtiprabhav hai;

aur rUpAdike pariNAmase utpanna hone par bhI ashabda hai aisA nishchit hai, kyo.nki shabda paramANukA guN
nahI.n hai tathA usakA[shabdakA] ab [79 vI.n gAthAme.n] pudgalaska.ndhaparyAyarUpase kathan hai.. 77..

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mUrtiprabhav = mUrtapanerUpase utpanna honevAlA arthAt rUp–gandha–ras sparshake pariNAmarUpase jisakA utpAd
hotA hai aisA.[mUrti = mUrtapanA]

je a.nsh a.ntim ska.ndhono, paramANu jAno tehane;
te ekane avibhAg, shAshvat, mUrtiprabhav, ashabda Che. 77.

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[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

Adesamettamutto dhAduchadukkassa kAraNa.n jo du.
so Neo paramANU pariNAmaguNo sayamasadre.. 78..

AdeshamAtramUrttaH dhAtuchatuShkasya kAraNa.n yastu.
sa j~neyaH paramANuH. pariNAmaguNaH svayamashabdaH.. 78..

paramANUnA.n jAtya.ntaratvanirAso.ayam.

paramaNorhi mUrtatvaniba.ndhanabhUtAH sparsharasa.ngadhavarNA AdeshamAtreNaiv bhidya.nte; vastuvastu yathA tasya sa

ev pradesh AdiH sa ev madhya.n, sa evA.ntaH iti, eva.n dravyaguNayoravibhaktapradeshatvAt ya ev paramANoH

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gAthA 78

anvayArthaH– [yaH tu] jo [AdeshamAtramUrtaH] AdeshamAtrase mUrta hai. [arthAt mAtra bhedavivakShAse

mUrtatvavAlA kahalAtA hai] aur [dhAtuchatuShkasya kAraNa.n] jo [pR^ithvI Adi] chAr dhAtuo.nkA kAraN hai
[saH] vah [paramANuH j~neyaH] paramANu jAnanA – [pariNAmaguNaH] jo ki pariNAmaguNavAlA hai aur
[svayam ashabdaH] svaya.n ashabda hai.

TIkAH– paramANu bhinna bhinna jAtike honekA yah khaNDan hai.

mUrtatvake kAraNabhUt sparsha–ras–ga.ndh–varNakA, paramANuse AdeshamAtra dvArA hI bhed kiyA jAtA

haie; vastutaH to jis prakAr paramANukA vahI pradesh Adi hai, vahI madhya hai aur vahI anta hai; usI
prakAr dravya aur guNake abhinna pradesh honese, jo paramANukA pradesh hai, vahI sparshakA hai, vahI rasakA
hai, vahI ga.ndhakA hai, vahI rUpakA hai. isaliye kisI paramANume.n ga.ndhaguN kam ho, kisI paramANume.n
ga.ndhaguN aur rasaguN kam ho, kisI paramANume.n ga.ndhaguN, rasaguN aur rUpaguN kam ho,

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Adesh=kathan [mAtra bhedakathan dvArA hI paramANuse sparsha–ras–ga.ndh–varNakA bhed kiyA jAtA hai, paramArthataH to

paramANuse sparsha–ras–ga.ndh–varNakA abhed hai.]

AdeshamatrashthI mUrta, dhAtuchatuShkano Che hetu je,
te jANavo paramANu– je pariNAmI, Ap ashabda Che. 78.

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pradeshaH, sa ev sparshasya, sa ev rasasya, sa ev ga.ndhasya, sa ev rUpasyeti. tataH kvachitparamANau
ga.ndhaguNe, kvachit ga.ndharasaguNayoH, kvachit ga.ndharasarUpaguNeShu apakR^iShyamANeShu tadavibhaktapradeshaH paramANurev
vinashyatIti. na tadapakarSho yuktaH. tataH pR^ithivyaptejovAyurUpasya dhAtuchatuShkasyaik ev paramANuH kAraNa.n
pariNAmavashAt vichitro hi paramANoH pariNAmaguNaH kvachitkasyachidguNasya vyaktAvyaktatven vichitrA.n
pariNatimAdadhAti. yathA cha tasya pariNAmavashAdavyakto ga.ndhAdiguNo.astIti pratij~nAyate na tathA
shabdo.apyavyakto.astIti j~nAtu.n shakyate shakyate tasyaikapradeshasyAnekapradeshAtmaken shabden
sahaikatvavirodhAditi.. 78..

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to us guNase abhinna pradeshI paramANu hI vinaShTa ho jAyegA. isaliye us guNakI nyUnatA yukta
[uchit] nahI.n hai. [kisI bhI paramANume.n ek bhI guN kam ho to us guNake sAth abhinna pradeshI
paramANu hI naShTa ho jAyegA; isaliye samasta paramANu samAn guNavAle hI hai, arthAt ve bhinna bhinna
jAtike nahI.n hai.n.] isaliye pR^ithvI, jal, agni aur vAyurUp chAr dhAtuo.nkA, pariNAmake kAraN, ek
hI paramANu kAraN hai [arthAt paramANu ek hI jAtike hone par bhI ve pariNAmake kAraN chAr
dhAtuo.nke kAraN banate hai.n]; kyo.nki vichitra aisA paramANukA pariNAmaguN kahI.n kisI guNakI

1vyaktAvyaktatA dvArA vichitra pariNatiko dhAraN karatA hai.

aur jis prakAr paramANuko pariNAmake kAraN 2avyakta ga.ndhAdiguN hai.n aisA j~nAt hotA hai usI

prakAr shabda bhI avyakta hai aisA nahI.n jAnA jA sakatA, kyo.nki ekapradeshI paramANuko anekapradeshAtmak
shabdake sAth ekatva honeme.n virodh hai.. 78..

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1. vyaktAvyaktatA=vyaktatA athavA avyaktatA; pragaTatA athavA apragaTatA. [pR^ithvIme.n sparsha, ras, ga.ndh aur varNa yah

chAro.n guN vyakta [arthAt vyaktarUpase pariNat] hote hai.n; pAnIme.n sparsha, ras, aur varNa vyakta hote hai.n aur ga.ndh
avyakta hotA hai ; agnime.n sparsha aur varNa vyakta hote hai.n aur sheSh do avyakta hote hai.n ; vAyume.n sparsha vyakta
hotA hai aur sheSh tIn avyakta hote hai.n.]

2. jis prakAr paramANume.n ga.ndhAdiguN bhale hI avyaktarUpase bhI hote to avashya hai.n; usI prakAr paramANume.n shabda bhI

avyaktarUpase rahatA hogA aisA nahI.n hai, shabda to paramANume.n vyaktarUpase yA avyaktarUpase bilakul hotA hI nahI.n
hai.

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[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

sadre kha.ndhappabhavo kha.ndho paramANusa.ngasa.ndhAdo.

puTThesu tesu jAyadi saddo uppAdigo Niyado.. 79..

shabda ska.ndhaprabhavaH ska.ndhaH paramANusa~N.hgasa~N.hgAtaH.
spR^iShTeShu teShu jAyate shabda utpAdiko niyataH.. 79..

shabdasya padgalaska.ndhaparyAyatvakhyApanametat.

ih hi bAhyashravaNendriyAvalambito bhAvendriyaparichChedyo dhvaniH shabdaH. sa khalu sva–

rUpeNAna.ntaparamANUnAmekaska.ndho nAm paryAyaH. bahira~N.hgasAdhanIbhUtamahAska.ndhebhyaH tathAvidhapariNAmen
samutpadyamAnatvAt ska.ndhaprabhavaH, yato hi parasparAbhihateShu mahAska.ndheShu shabdaH samupajAyate.

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gAthA 79

anvayArthaH– [shabdaH ska.ndhaprabhavaH] shabda ska.ndhajanya hai. [ska.ndhaH paramANusa~N.hgasa~N.hgAtaH] ska.ndh

paramANudalakA sa.nghAt hai, [teShu spR^iShTeShu] aur ve ska.ndh sparshit honese– TakarAnese [shabdaH jAyate]
shabda utpanna hotA hai; [niyataH utpAdikaH] is prakAr vah [shabda] niyatarUpase utpAdya hai.n.

TIkAH– shabda pudgalaska.ndhaparyAy hai aisA yahA.N darshAyA hai.

is lokame.n, bAhya shravaNendriy dvArA 1avalambit bhAvendriy dvArA jAnane–yogya aisI jo dhvani

vah shabda hai. vah [shabda] vAstavame.n svarUpase ananta paramANuo.nke ekaska.ndharUp paryAy hai. bahira.ng
sAdhanabhUt [–bAhya kAraNabhUt] mahAskandho.n dvArA tathAvidh pariNAmarUp [shabdapariNAmarUp] utpanna

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1. shabda shravaNe.ndriyakA viShay hai isaliye vah mUrta hai. kuCh log mAnate hai.n tadanusAr shabda AkAshakA guN nahI.n hai,

kyo.nki amUrta AkAshakA amUrta guN indriyakA viShay nahI.n.n ho sakatA.

Che shabda ska.ndhotpanna; ska.ndho aNusamUhasa.ndhAt Che,
ska.ndhAbhidhAte shabda Upaje, niyamathI utpAdya Che. 79.

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ki.n cha svabhAvanirvR^ittAbhirevAna.ntaparamANumayIbhiH shabdayogyavargaNAbhiranyonyamanupravishya

sama.ntato.abhivyApya pUrite.api sakale loke. yatra yatra bahira~N.hgakAraNasAmagrI samadeti tatra tatra tAH
shabdatvenasvaya.n vyapariNama.nt iti shabdasya niyatamutpAdyatvAt ska.ndhaprabhavatvamiti.. 79..

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honese vah skandhajanya hai.n, kyo.nki mahAskandha paraspar TakarAnese shabda utpanna hotA hai. punashcha yah
bAt visheSh samajhAI jAtI haiH– ekadUsareme.n praviShTa hokar sarvatra vyApta hokar sthit aisI jo
svabhAvaniShpanna hI [–apane svabhAvase hI nirmitta], anantaparamANumayI shabdayogya–vargaNAo.nse samasta
lok bharapUr hone par bhI jahA.N–jahA.N bahira.ngakAraN sAmagrI udit hotI hai vahA.N–vahA.N ve vargaNAe.N

1shabdarUpase svaya.n pariNamit hotI hai.n; is prakAr shabda nityatarUpase [avashya] 2utpAdya hai; isaliye

vah 3skandhajanya hai.. 79..

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1. shabdake do prakAr hai.nH [1] prAyogik aur [2] vaishrasika. puruShAdike prayogase utpanna honevAle shabda vah

prAyogik hai.n aur meghAdise utpanna honevAle shabda vaishrasik hai.n.

athavA nimnoktAnusAr bhI shabdake do prakAr hai.nH– [1] bhAShAtmak aur [2] abhAShAtmaka. uname.n bhAShAtmak

shabda dvividh hai.n.n – akSharAtmak aur anakSharAtmaka. sa.nskR^itaprAkR^itAdibhAShArUpase vah akSharAtmak hai.n aur
dvI.nndriyAdik jIvo.nke shabdarUp tathA [kevalIbhagavAnakI] divya dhvanirUpase vah anakSharAtmak hai.n. abhAShAtmak
shabda bhI dvividh hai.n – prAyogik aur vaishrisika. vINA, Dhol, jhA.njh, ba.nsarI Adise utpanna hotA huA
prAyogik hai aur meghAdise utpanna hotA huA vaishrasik hai.

kisI bhI prakArakA shabda ho kintu sarva shabdo.nkA upAdAnakAraN lokame.n sarvatra vyApta shabdayogya vargaNAe.N hI

haie; ve vargaNAe.N hI svayamev shabdarUpase pariNamit hotI hai.n, jIbh–Dhol–medh Adi mAtra nimittabhUt hai.n.

2. utpAdya=utpanna karAne yogya; jisakI utpattime.n anya koI nimitta hotA hai aisA.

3. skandhajanya=skandho.n dvArA utpanna ho aisAH jisakI utpattime.n skandha nimitta hote hai.n aisA. [samasta lokame.n

sarvatra vyApta anantaparamANumayI shabdayogya vargaNAe.N svayamev shabdarUp pariNamit hone par bhI vAyu–galA–tAlu.n–
jivhA–oShTha, dya.nTA–mogarI Adi mahAskandho.nkA TakarAnA vah bahira.ngakAraNasAmagrI hai arthAt shabdarUp
pariNamaname.n ve mahAskandha nimittabhUt hai.n isaliye us apekShAse [nimitta–apekShAse] shabdako vyavahArase
skandhajanya kahA jAtA hai.]

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128

] pa.nchAstikAyasa.ngrah

[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

Nichcho NANavakAso Na sAvakAso padesado bhedA.
kha.ndhANa.n pi ya kattA pavihattA kAlasa.nkhANa.n.. 80..

nityo nAnavakAsho na sAvakAshaH pradeshato bhettA.
ska.ndhAnAmapi cha kartA pravibhaktA kAlasa.nkhyAyAH.. 80..

paramANorekapradeshatvakhyApanametat.

paramANu.nH sa khalveken pradeshen rUpAdiguNasAmAnyabhAjA sarvadaivAvinashvaratvAnnityaH. eken pradeshen

padavibhaktavR^ittInA.n sparshAdiguNAnAmavakAshadAnAnnAnavakAshaH.

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gAthA 80

anvayArthaH– [pradeshataH] pradesh dvArA [nityaH] paramANu nitya hai, [na anavakAshaH] anavakAsh

nahI.n hai, [na sAvakAshaH] sAvakAsh nahI.n hai, [ska.ndhAnAm bhettA] skandho.nkA bhedan karanevAlA [api cha
kartA] tathA karanevAlA hai aur [kAlasa.nkhyAyAH pravibhaktA] kAl tathA sa.nkhyAko vibhAjit karanevAlA
hai [arthAt kAlakA vibhAjan karatA hai aur sa.nkhyAkA mAp karatA hai].

TIkAH– yah, paramANuke ekapradeshIpanekA kathan hai.

jo paramANu hai, vah vAstavame.n ek pradesh dvArA – jo ki rUpAdiguNasAmAnyavAlA hai usake

dvArA – sadaiv avinAshI honese nitya hai; vah vAstavame.n ek pradesh dvArA usase [–pradeshase] abhinna
astitvavAle sparshAdiguNo.nko avakAsh detA hai isaliye anavakAsh nahI.n hai; vah vAstavame.n ek pradesh

dvArA [usame.n] dvi–Adi pradesho.nkA abhAv honese, svaya.n hI Adi, svaya.n hI madhya aur svaya.n hI a.nt
honeke kAraN [arthAt nira.nsh honeke kAraN], sAvakAsh nahI.n hai; vah vAstavame.n ek pradesh dvArA
ska.ndho.nke bhedakA nimitta honese [arthAt ska.ndhake bikharane – TUTanekA nimitta honese] ska.ndho.nkA bhedan
karanevAlA hai; vah vAstavame.n ek pradesh dvArA ska.ndhake sa.nghAtakA nimitta honese [arthAt skandhake
milanekA –rachanAkA nimitta honese] ska.ndho.nkA kartA hai; vah vAstavame.n ek pradesh dvArA – jo ki
ek

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nahi anavakAsh, na sAvakAsh pradeshathI, aNu shAshvato,
bhettA rachayitA ska.ndhano, pravibhAgI sa.nkhyA–kALano. 80.

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kahAnajainashAstramAlA] ShaDdravya–pa.nchAstikAyavarNan

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129

eken pradeshen dvayAdipradeshAbhAvAdAtmAdinAtmamadhyenAtmA.nten na sAvakAshaH. eken pradeshen ska.ndhAnA.n
bhedanimittatvAt ska.ndhAnA.n bhettA. aikan pradeshen ska.ndhasa.nghAtanimittatvAtska.ndhAnA.n kartA eken
pradeshenaikAkAshapradeshAtivartitadnatipariNAmApannen samayalakShaNakAlavibhAgakaraNAt kAlasya pravibhaktA.
eken pradeshen tatsUtratritadvayAdibhedapUrvikAyAH ska.ndheShu dravyasa.nkhyAyAH eken pradeshen
tadavachChinnaikAkAshapradesh–

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AkAshapradeshakA atikramaN karanevAle [–lA.NghanevAle] apane gatipariNAmako prApta hotA hai usake
dvArA –‘samay’ nAmak kAlakA vibhAg karatA hai isaliye kAlakA vibhAjak hai; vah vAstavame.n ek
pradesh dvArA sa.nkhyAkA bhI 1vibhAjak hai kyo.nki [1] vah ek pradesh dvArA usake rache jAnevAle do

Adi bhedo.nse lekar [tIn aNu, chAr aNu, asa.nkhya aNu ityAdi] dravyasa.nkhyAke vibhAg ska.ndho.nme.n
karatA hai, [2] vah ek pradesh dvArA usakI jitanI maryAdAvAle ek ‘2AkAshapradesh’ se lekar [do

AkAshapradesh, tIn AkAshapradesh, asa.nkhya AkAshapradesh ityAdi] kShetrasa.nkhyAke vibhAg karatA hai, [3]
vah ek pradesh dvArA, ek AkAshapradeshakA atikram karanevAle usake gatipariNAm jitanI maryAdAvAle
‘3samay’ se lekar [dosamay, tIn samay, asa.nkhya samay ityAdi] kAlasa.nkhyAke vibhAg karatA hai,

aur [4] vah ek pradesh dvArA usame.n vivartan pAnevAle [–parivartit, pariNamit] jaghanya
varNAdibhAvako jAnanevAle j~nAnase lekar bhAvasa.nkhyAke vibhAg karatA hai.. 80..

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1. vibhAjak = vibhAg karanevAlA; mApanevAlA. [ska.ndho.nme.n dravyasa.nkhyAkA mAp [arthAt ve kitane aNuo.n–

paramANuo.nse bane hai.n aisA mAp] karaneme.n aNuo.nkI–paramANuo.nkI–apekShA AtI hai, arthAt vaisA mAp paramANu
dvArA hotA hai. kShetrakA mApakA ekak ‘AkAshapradesh’ hai aur AkAshapradeshakI vyAkhyAme.n paramANukI apekShA AtI
hai; isaliye kSheLakA mAp bhI paramANu dvArA hotA hai. kAlake mAp ekak ‘samay’ hai aur samayakI vyAkhyAme.n
paramANukI apekShA AtI hai; isaliye kAlakA mAp bhI paramANu dvArA hotA hai. j~nAnabhAvake [j~nAnaparyAyake]
mApakA ekak ‘paramANume.n.n pariNamit jaghanya varNAdibhAvako jAne utanA j~nAn’ hai aur usame.n paramANukI apekShA
AtI hai; isaliye bhAvakA [j~nAnabhAvakA] mAp bhI paramANu dvArA hotA hai. is prakAr paramANu dravya, kShetra, kAl
aur bhAv mAp karaneke liye gaj samAn hai]

2. ek paramANupradesh jitane AkAshake bhAgako [kShetrako] ‘AkAshapradesh’ kahA jAt hai. vah ‘AkAshapradesh’

kShetrakA ‘ekak’ hai. [ginatIke liye, kisI vastuke jitane parimANako ‘ek mAp’ mAnA jAye, utane
parimANako us vastukA ‘ekak’ kahA jAtA hai.]

3. paramANuko ek AkAshapradeshese dUsare anantar AkAshapradeshame.n [ma.ndagatise] jAte hue jo kAl lagatA hai use

‘samay’ kahA jAtA hai.

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130

] pa.nchAstikAyasa.ngrah

[bhagavAnashrIkundakunda

pUrvikAyAH kShetrasa.nkhyAyAH eken pradeshenaikAkAshapradeshAtivartitadgatipariNAmAvachChinnasamayapUrvikAyA
kAlasa.nkhyAyAH aikan pradeshen padvivartijaghanyavarNAdibhAvAvabodhapUrvikAyA bhAvasa.nkhyAyAH pravibhAg–
karaNAt pravibhaktA sa.nkhyAyA apIti.. 80..

eyarasavaNNaga.ndha.n dophAsa.n saddakAraNamasadda.n.
kha.ndha.ntarida.n davva.n paramANu ta.n viyANAhi.. 81..

ekarasavarNaga.ndha.n dvisparsha shabdakAraNamashabdam.
ska.ndhA.ntarita.n dravya.n paramANu.n ta.n vijAnihi.. 81..

paramANudravye guNaparyAyavR^ittiprarUpaNametat.

sarvatrApi paramANau rasavarNaga.ndhasparshAH sahabhuvo guNAH. te cha kramapravR^ittaistatra svaparyAyairvartante. tathA

hi– pa~nchAnA.n rasaparyAyANAmanyatamenaikenaikadA raso vartate.

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gAthA 81

anvayArthaH– [ta.n paramANu.n] vah paramANu [ekarasavarNaga.ndh] ek rasavAlA, ek varNavAlA, ek

ga.ndhavAlA tathA [dvisparshe] do sparshavAlA hai, [shabdakAraNam] shabdakA kAraN hai, [ashabdam] ashabda
hai aur [ska.ndhA.ntarita.n] skandhake bhItar ho tathApi [dravya.n] [paripUrNa svata.ntra] dravya hai aisA
[vijAnIhi] jAno.

TIkAH– yah, paramANudravyame.n guN–paryAy vartanekA [guN aur paryAy honekA] kathan hai.

sarvatra paramANume.n ras–varNa–ga.ndh–sparsha sahabhAvI guN hote hai; aur ve guN usame.n kramavartI nij

paryAyo.n sahit vartate hai.n. vah is prakAraH– pA.Nch rasaparyAyome.nse ek samay koI ek [rasaparyAy]
sahit ras vartatA hai; pA.Nch varNaparyAyo.nme.nse ek samay kisI ek [varNaparyAy] sahit varNa vartatA hai ;

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ek ja varaN–ras–ga.ndh ne be sparshayut paramANu Che,
te shabdahetu, ashabda Che, ne ska.ndhamA.n paN dravya Che. 81.

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pa~nchAnA.n varNaparyAyANAmanyatamenaikenaikadA varNo vartate. ubhayorga.ndhaparyAyayoranyatareNaikenaikadA ga.ndho vartate.
chaturNA.n shItasnigdhashItarUkShoShNasnigdhoShNarUkSharUpANA.n sparshaparyAyadva.ndvAnAmanyatamenaikenaikadA sparsho vartate.
evamayamuktaguNavR^ittiH paramANuH shabdaska.ndhapariNatishaktisvabhAvAt shabdakAraNam. ekapradeshatven
shabdaparyAyapariNativR^ittyabhAvAdashabdaH. snigdharUkShatvapratyayaba.ndhavashAdanekaparamANvek–
tvapariNatirUpaska.ndhA.ntarito.api svabhAvamaparityajannupAttasa.nkhyatvAdek ev dravyamiti.. 81..

uvabhojjami.ndiehi.n ya i.ndiyakAyA maNo ya kammANi.
ja.n havadi muttamaNNa.n ta.n savva.n puggala.n jANe.. 82..

upabhogyamindriyaishchendriyakAyA manashcha karmANi.
yadbhavati mUrtamanyat tatsarva.n pudgala.n jAnIyAt.. 82..

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do ga.ndhaparyAyo.nme.nse ek samay kisI ek [ga.ndhaparyAy] sahit ga.ndh vartatA hai; shIt–snigdha, shIt–rUkSha,
uShNa–snigdha aur uShNa–rUkSha in chAr sparshaparyAyo.nke yugalame.nse ek samay kisI ek yugak sahit
sparsha vartatA hai. is prakAr jisame.n guNo.nkA vartan [–astitva] kahA gayA hai aisA yah paramANu
shabdaska.ndharUpase pariNamit hone kI shaktirUp svabhAvavAlA honese shabdakA kAraN hai; ekapradeshI honeke
kAraN shabdaparyAyarUp pariNati nahI vartatI honese ashabda hai; aur 1snigdha–rUkShatvake kAraN bandha

honese anek paramANuo.nkI ekatvapariNatirUp skandhake bhItar rahA ho tathApi svabhAvako nahI.n
Cho.DtA huA, sa.nkhyAko prApta honese [arthAt paripUrNa ekake rUpame.n pR^ithak ginatIme.n Anese] 2akelA

hI dravya hai.. 81..

gAthA 82

anvayArthaH– [indriyaiH upabhogyam cha] indriyo.n.n dvArA upabhogya viShay, [indriyakAyAH] indriyA.N, sharIr,

[manaH] man, [karmANi] karma [cha] aur [anyat yat] anya jo kuCh [mUrtta.n bhavati] mUrta ho [tat
sarva.n] vah sab [pudgala.n jAnIyAt] pudgal jAno.

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1. snigdha–rUkShatva=chikanAI aur rUkShatA.

2. yahA.N aisA batalAyA hai ki ska.ndhame.n bhI pratyek paramANu svaya.n paripUrNa hai, svata.ntra hai, parakI sahAyatAse rahit ,

aur apanese hI apane guNaparyAyame.n sthitahai.

indriy vaDe upabhogya, indriy, kAy, man ne karma je,
vaLI anya je ka.nI mUrta te saghaLu.ny pudgal jANaje. 82.

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