Pravachansar-Hindi (itrans transliteration). Gatha: 52-61 ; Sukh adhikar.

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ath j~nAnino j~naptikriyAsadbhAve.api kriyAphalabhUta.n bandha.n pratiShedhayannupasa.nharati —
Na vi pariNamadi Na geNhadi uppajjadi Nev tesu aTThesu .
jANaNNavi te AdA aba.ndhago teN paNNatto ..52..
nApi pariNamati na guhNAti utpadyate naiv teShvartheShu .
jAnannapi tAnAtmA abandhakasten praj~naptaH ..52..
ih khalu ‘udayagadA kamma.nsA jiNavaravasahehi.n NiyadiNA bhaNiyA . tesu vimUDho ratto
duTTho vA ba.ndhamaNubhavadi ..’ ityatra sUtre udayagateShu pudgalakarmA.nsheShu satsu sa.nchetayamAno
mantravAdarasasiddhayAdIni yAni khaNDavij~nAnAni mUDhajIvAnA.n chittachamatkArakAraNAni paramAtmabhAvanA-
vinAshakAni cha . tatrAgraha.n tyaktvA jagattrayakAlatrayasakalavastuyugapatprakAshakamavinashvaramakhaNDaik-
pratibhAsarUpa.n sarvaj~nashabdavAchya.n yatkevalaj~nAna.n tasyaivotpattikAraNabhUta.n yatsamastarAgAdivikalpajAlen rahita.n
sahajashuddhAtmano.abhedaj~nAna.n tatra bhAvanA kartavyA, iti tAtparyam ..51.. eva.n kevalaj~nAnamev sarvaj~na iti
kathanarUpeN gAthaikA, tadanantara.n sarvapadArthaparij~nAnAtparamAtmaj~nAnamiti prathamagAthA paramAtmaj~nAnAchcha
sarvapadArthaparij~nAnamiti dvitIyA cheti . tatashcha kramapravR^ittaj~nAnen sarvaj~no na bhavatIti prathamagAthA,
yugapadgrAhakeN sa bhavatIti dvitIyA cheti samudAyen saptamasthale gAthApa~nchaka.n gatam . ath pUrva.n yadukta.n
1. j~nAnatattva – praj~nApanakI 43vI.n gAthA .
te artharUp na pariName jIv, nav grahe, nav Upaje,
sau arthane jANe ChatA.n, tethI aba.ndhak jin kahe.52.
ab, j~nAnIke (-kevalaj~nAnI AtmAke) j~naptikriyAkA sadbhAv hone par bhI usake
kriyAke phalarUp bandhakA niShedh karate hue upasa.nhAr karate hai.n (arthAt kevalaj~nAnI AtmAke
jAnanekI kriyA hone par bhI bandha nahI.n hotA, aisA kahakar j~nAn -adhikAr pUrNa karate hai.n) —
anvayArtha : – [AtmA ] (kevalaj~nAnI) AtmA [tAn jAnan api ] padArtho.nko jAnatA
huA bhI [na api pariNamati ] usarUp pariNamit nahI.n hotA, [na gR^ihNAti ] unhe.n grahaN nahI.n karatA
[teShu artheShu na ev utpadyate ] aur un padArtho.nke rUpame.n utpanna nahI.n hotA [ten ] isaliye
[abandhakaH praj~naptaH ] use abandhak kahA hai ..52..
TIkA : — yahA.N ‘udayagadA kamma.nsA jinavaravasahehi.n NiyadiNA bhaNiyA . tesu vimUDho
ratto duTTho vA 1bandhamaNubhavadi ..’ is gAthA sUtrame.n, ‘udayagat pudgalakarmA.nsho.nke astitvame.n
chetit hone par – jAnanepar – anubhav karane par moh -rAg -dveShame.n pariNat honese j~neyArthapariNaman-

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moharAgadveShapariNatatvAt.h j~neyArthapariNamanalakShaNayA kriyayA yujyamAnaH kriyAphalabhUta.n bandham-
nubhavati, na tu j~nAnAditi prathamamevArthapariNamanakriyAphalatven bandhasya samarthitatvAt.h, tathA
‘geNhadi Nev Na mu.nchadi Na para.n pariNamadi kevalI bhagava.n . pechChadi sama.ntado so jANadi savva.n
Niravasesa.n ..’ ityarthapariNamanAdikriyANAmabhAvasya shuddhAtmano nirUpitatvAchchArthAnapariNamato.a-
gR^ihNatasteShvanutpadyamAnasya chAtmano j~naptikriyAsadbhAve.api na khalu kriyAphalabhUto bandhaH
siddhayet.h ..52..
padArthaparichChittisadbhAve.api rAgadveShamohAbhAvAt kevalinA.n bandho nAstIti tamevArtha.n prakArAntareN
dR^iDhIkurvan j~nAnaprapa~nchAdhikAramupasa.nharati ---Na vi pariNamadi yathA svakIyAtmapradeshaiH samarasIbhAven sah
pariNamati tathA j~neyarUpeN na pariNamati . Na geNhadi yathaiv chAnantaj~nAnAdichatuShTayarUpamAtmarUpamAtmarUpatayA
gR^ihNAti tathA j~neyarUpa.n na gR^ihNAti . uppajjadi Nev tesu aTThesu yathA cha nirvikAraparamAnandaikasukharUpeN
svakIyasiddhaparyAyeNotpadyate tathaiv cha j~neyapadArtheShu notpadyate . ki.n kurvannapi . jANaNNavi te tAn
j~neyapadArthAn svasmAt pR^ithagrUpeN jAnannapi . sa kaH kartA . AdA muktAtmA . aba.ndhago teN paNNatto tataH
kAraNAtkarmaNAmabandhakaH praj~napta iti . tadyathA --rAgAdirahitaj~nAna.n bandhakAraNa.n na bhavatIti j~nAtvA
shuddhAtmopalambhalakShaNamokShaviparItasya nArakAdiduHkhakAraNakarmabandhasya kAraNAnIndriyamanojanitAnyekadesh-
1. j~nAnatattva -praj~nApanakI 32 vI.n gAthA .
pra. 12
svarUp kriyAke sAth yukta hotA huA AtmA kriyAphalabhUt bandhakA anubhav karatA hai, kintu
j~nAnase nahI.n’ isaprakAr pratham hI arthapariNamanakriyAke phalarUpase bandhakA samarthan kiyA gayA
hai (arthAt bandha to padArtharUpame.n pariNamanarUp kriyAkA phal hai aisA nishchit kiyA gayA hai)
tathA ‘geNhadi Nev Na mu~nchadi Na para.n pariNamadi kevalI bhagava.n . pechChadi sama.ntado so jANAdi
savva.n 1Niravasesa.n ..’
is gAthA sUtrame.n shuddhAtmAke artha pariNamanAdi kriyAo.nkA abhAv nirUpit kiyA gayA
hai isaliye jo (AtmA) padArtharUpame.n pariNamit nahI.n hotA use grahAN nahI.n karatA aur usarUp
utpanna nahI.n hotA us AtmAke j~naptikriyAkA sadbhAv hone par bhI vAstavame.n kriyAphalabhUt bandha
siddha nahI.n hotA .
bhAvArtha : — karmake tIn bhed kiye gaye hai.n – prApya – vikArya aur nirvartya . kevalI-
bhagavAnake prApya karma, vikArya karma aur nirvartya karma j~nAn hI hai, kyo.nki ve j~nAnako hI grahaN
karate hai.n, j~nAnarUp hI pariNamit hote hai.n aur j~nAnarUp hI utpanna hote hai.n . is prakAr j~nAn hI
unakA karma aur j~napti hI unakI kriyA hai . aisA honese kevalIbhagavAnake bandha nahI.n hotA,
kyo.nki j~naptikriyA bandhakA kAraN nahI.n hai kintu j~neyArthapariNamanakriyA arthAt j~ney padArtho.nke

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(sragdharA)
jAnannapyeSh vishva.n yugapadapi bhavadbhAvibhUta.n samasta.n
mohAbhAvAdyadAtmA pariNamati para.n naiv nirlUnakarmA .
tenAste mukta ev prasabhavikasitaj~naptivistArapIt-
j~neyAkArA.n trilokI.n pR^ithagapR^ithagath dyotayan j~nAnamUrtiH ..4..
—iti j~nAnAdhikAraH .
ath j~nAnAdabhinnasya saukhyasya svarUpa.n prapa.nchayan j~nAnasaukhyayoH heyopAdeyatva.n
chintayati —
atthi amutta.n mutta.n adi.ndiya.n i.ndiya.n cha atthesu .
NANa.n cha tahA sokkha.n ja.n tesu para.n cha ta.n Neya.n ..53..
vij~nAnAni tyaktvA sakalavimalakevalaj~nAnasya karmabandhAkAraNabhUtasya yadbIjabhUta.n nirvikArasvasa.nvedanaj~nAna.n
tatraiv bhAvanA kartavyetyabhiprAyaH ..52.. eva.n rAgadveShamoharahitatvAtkevalinA.n bandho nAstIti kathanarUpeN
j~nAnaprapa~nchasamAptimukhyatven chaikasUtreNAShTamasthala.n gatam .
sanmukh vR^itti honA (-j~ney padArtho.nke prati pariNamit honA) vah bandhakA kAraN hai ..52..
(ab, pUrvokta Ashayako kAvyadvArA kahakar, kevalaj~nAnI AtmAkI mahimA batAkar
yah j~nAn -adhikAr pUrNa kiyA jAtA hai .)
artha : — jisane karmo.nko Ched DAlA hai aisA yah AtmA bhUt, bhaviShyat aur vartamAn
samasta vishvako (arthAt tIno.n kAlakI paryAyo.nse yukta samasta padArtho.nko) ek hI sAth jAnatA
huA bhI mohake abhAvake kAraN pararUp pariNamit nahI.n hotA, isaliye ab, jisake samasta
j~neyAkAro.nko atyanta vikasit j~naptike vistArase svaya.n pI gayA hai aisai tIno.nlokake padArtho.nko
pR^ithak aur apR^ithak prakAshit karatA huA vah j~nAnamUrti mukta hI rahatA hai .
is prakAr j~nAn – adhikAr samApta huA .
ab, j~nAnase abhinna sukhakA svarUp vistArapUrvak varNan karate hue j~nAn aur sukhakI
heyopAdeyatAkA (arthAt kaunasA j~nAn tathA sukh hey hai aur kaunasA upAdey hai vah) vichAr
karate hai.n : –
arthonu.n j~nAn amUrta, mUrta, atIndriy ne aindriy Che,
Che sukh paN evu.nj, tyA.n paradhAn je te grAhya Che. 53.

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astyamUrta.n mUrtamatIndriyamaindriya.n chArtheShu .
j~nAna.n cha tathA saukhya.n yatteShu para.n cha tat.h j~neyam ..53..
atra j~nAna.n saukhya.n cha mUrtamindriyaja.n chaikamasti . itaradamUrtamatIndriya.n chAsti . tatra
yadamUrtamatIndriya.n cha tatpradhAnatvAdupAdeyatven j~nAtavyam . tatrAdya.n mUrtAbhiH kShAyopashamikIbhirup-
yogashaktibhistathAvidhebhya indriyebhyaH samutpadyamAna.n parAyattatvAt.h kAdAchitka.n kramakR^itapravR^itti
ath j~nAnaprapa~nchavyAkhyAnAnantara.n j~nAnAdhArasarvaj~na.n namaskaroti ---
tassa NamAi.n logo devAsuramaNuarAyasa.nba.ndho .
bhatto karedi Nichcha.n uvajutto ta.n tahA vi aha.n ..“2..
karedi karoti . sa kaH . logo lokaH . katha.nbhUtaH . devAsuramaNuarAyasa.nba.ndho devAsuramanuShya-
rAjasa.nbandhaH . punarapi katha.nbhUtaH . bhatto bhaktaH . Nichcha.n nitya.n sarvakAlam . punarapi ki.nvishiShTaH . uvajutto
upayukta udyataH . ittha.nbhUto lokaH kA.n karoti . NamAi.n namasyA.n namaskriyAm . kasya . tassa tasya
pUrvoktasarvaj~nasya . ta.n tahA vi aha.n ta.n sarvaj~na.n tathA tenaiv prakAreNAhamapi granthakartA namaskaromIti .
ayamatrArthaH ---yathA devendrachakravartyAdayo.anantAkShayasukhAdiguNAspada.n sarvaj~nasvarUpa.n namaskurvanti, tathaivAh-
mapi tatpadAbhilAShI paramabhaktyA praNamAmi ..★2.. evamaShTAbhiH sthalairdvAtri.nshadgAthAstadanantara.n namaskAr-
gAthA cheti samudAyen trayastri.nshatsUtrairj~nAnaprapa~nchanAmA tR^itIyo.antarAdhikAraH samAptaH . ath sukh-
prapa~nchAbhidhAnAntarAdhikAre.aShTAdash gAthA bhavanti . atra pa~nchasthalAni, teShu prathamasthale ‘atthi amutta.n’
1. indriyaj = indriyo.n dvArA utpanna honevAlA; aindriy .
2. kAdAchitka = kadAchit – kabhI kabhI honevAlA; anitya ..
anvayArtha : — [artheShu j~nAna.n ] padArtha sambandhI j~nAn [amUrta.n mUrta.n ] amUrta yA mUrta,
[atIndriya.n aindriya.n cha asti ] atIndriy yA aindriy hotA hai; [cha tathA saukhya.n ] aur isIprakAr
(amUrta yA mUrta, atIndriy yA aindriy) sukh hotA hai . [teShu cha yat para.n ] usame.n jo pradhAn –
utkR^iShTa hai [tat j~neya.n ] vah upAdeyarUp jAnanA ..53..
TIkA : — yahA.N, (j~nAn tathA sukh do prakArakA hai – ) ek j~nAn tathA sukh mUrta aur
1indriyaj hai; aur dUsarA (j~nAn tathA sukh) amUrta aur atIndriy hai . usame.n jo amUrta aur
atIndriy hai vah pradhAn honese upAdeyarUp jAnanA .
vahA.N, pahalA j~nAn tathA sukh mUrtarUp aisI kShAyopashamik upayogashaktiyo.nse us-
us prakArakI indriyo.nke dvArA utpanna hotA huA parAdhIn honese 2kAdAchitka, kramashaH

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sapratipakSha.n sahAnivR^iddhi cha gauNamiti kR^itvA j~nAna.n cha saukhya.n cha heyam . itaratpunaramUrtAbhi-
shchaitanyAnuvidhAyinIbhirekAkinIbhirevAtmapariNAmashaktibhistathAvidhebhyo.atIndriyebhyaH svAbhAvik-
chidAkArapariNAmebhyaH samutpadyamAnamatyantamAtmAyattatvAnnitya.n yugapatkR^itapravR^itti niHpratipakSha-
mahAnivR^iddhi cha mukhyamiti kR^itvA j~nAna.n saukhya.n chopAdeyam ..53..
ityAdyadhikAragAthAsUtrameka.n, tadanantaramatIndriyaj~nAnamukhyatven ‘ja.n pechChado’ ityAdi sUtrameka.n,
athendriyaj~nAnamukhyatven ‘jIvo saya.n amutto’ ityAdi gAthAchatuShTaya.n, tadanantaramatIndriyasukhamukhyatayA
‘jAda.n saya.n’ ityAdi gAthAchatuShTaya.n, athAnantaramindriyasukhapratipAdanarUpeN gAthAShTakam, tatrApyaShTakamadhye
prathamat indriyasukhasya duHkhatvasthApanArtha.n ‘maNuAsurA’ ityAdi gAthAdvaya.n, ath muktAtmanA.n dehAbhAve.api
sukhamastIti j~nApanArtha.n dehaH sukhakAraNa.n na bhavatIti kathanarUpeN ‘pappA iTThe visaye’ ityAdi sUtradvaya.n,
tadanantaramindriyaviShayA api sukhakAraNa.n na bhavantIti kathanen ‘timiraharA’ ityAdi gAthAdvayam,
ato.api sarvaj~nanamaskAramukhyatven ‘tejodiTThi’ ityAdi gAthAdvayam . eva.n pa~nchamasthale antarasthalachatuShTaya.n
bhavatIti sukhaprapa~nchAdhikAre samudAyapAtanikA .. athAtIndriyasukhasyopAdeyabhUtasya svarUpa.n prapa~ncha-
yannatIndriyaj~nAnamatIndriyasukha.n chopAdeyamiti, yatpunarindriyaja.n j~nAna.n sukha.n cha taddheyamiti pratipAdanarUpeN
prathamatastAvadadhikArasthalagAthayA sthalachatuShTaya.n sUtrayati — atthi asti vidyate . ki.n kartR^i . NANa.n
j~nAnamiti bhinnaprakramo vyavahitasambandhaH . ki.nvishiShTam . amutta.n mutta.n amUrta.n mUrta.n cha . punarapi
ki.nvishiShTam . adi.ndiya.n i.ndiya.n cha yadamUrta.n tadatIndriya.n mUrta.n punarindriyajam . ittha.nbhUta.n j~nAnamasti . keShu
viShayeShu . atthesu j~neyapadArtheShu, tahA sokkha.n cha tathaiv j~nAnavadamUrtamatIndriya.n mUrtamindriyaja.n cha sukhamiti .
ja.n tesu para.n cha ta.n Neya.n yatteShu pUrvoktaj~nAnasukheShu madhye paramutkR^iShTamatIndriya.n tadupAdeyamiti j~nAtavyam . tadev
1. mUrtik indriyaj j~nAn kramase pravR^itta hotA hai; yugapat nahI.n hotA; tathA mUrtik indriyaj sukh bhI kramashaH
hotA hai, ek hI sAth sarva indriyo.nke dvArA yA sarva prakArase nahI.n hotA .
2. sapratipakSha = pratipakSha – virodhI sahit . (mUrta -indriyaj j~nAn apane pratipakSha aj~nAnasahit hI hotA hai, aur
mUrta indriyaj sukh usake pratipakShabhUt duHkh sahit hI hotA hai .
3. sahAnivR^iddhi = hAnivR^iddhi sahit .
4. chaitanyAnuvidhAyI = chaitanyake anusAr vartanevAlI; chaitanyake anukUlarUpase – viruddharUpase nahI.n vartanevAlI .
1pravR^itta honevAlA, 2sapratipakSha aur 3sahAnivR^iddhi hai isaliye gauN hai aisA samajhakar vah
hey hai arthAt Cho.Dne yogya hai; aur dUsarA j~nAn tathA sukh amUrtarUp aisI
4chaitanyAnuvidhAyI aikAkI AtmapariNAm shaktiyo.nse tathAvidh atIndriy svAbhAvik-
chidAkAr -pariNAmo.nke dvArA utpanna hotA huA atyanta AtmAdhIn honese nitya yugapat
pravartamAn, niHpratipakSha aur hAnivR^iddhise rahit hai, isaliye mukhya hai, aisA samajhakar vah
(j~nAn aur sukh) upAdey arthAt grahaN karane yogya hai ..53..

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athAtIndriyasaukhyasAdhanIbhUtamatIndriyaj~nAnamupAdeyamabhiShTauti —
ja.n pechChado amutta.n muttesu adi.ndiya.n cha pachChaNNa.n .
sayala.n saga.n cha idara.n ta.n NANa.n havadi pachchakkha.n ..54..
yatprekShamANasyAmUrta.n mUrteShvatIndriya.n cha prachChannam .
sakala.n svaka.n cha itarat.h tadj~nAna.n bhavati pratyakSham ..54..
atIndriya.n hi j~nAna.n yadamUrta.n yanmUrteShvapyatIndriya.n yatprachChanna.n cha tatsakala.n
vivriyate — amUrtAbhiH kShAyikIbhiratIndriyAbhishchidAnandaikalakShaNAbhiH shuddhAtmashaktibhirutpannatvA-
datIndriyaj~nAna.n sukha.n chAtmAdhInatvenAvinashvaratvAdupAdeyamiti; pUrvoktAmUrtashuddhAtmashaktibhyo vilakShaNAbhiH
kShAyopashamikendriyashaktibhirutpannatvAdindriyaja.n j~nAna.n sukha.n cha parAyattatven vinashvaratvAddheyamiti
tAtparyam ..53.. evamadhikAragAthayA prathamasthala.n gatam . ath pUrvoktamupAdeyabhUtamatIndriyaj~nAna.n visheSheN
vyaktIkaroti — ja.n yadatIndriya.n j~nAna.n kartR^i . pechChado prekShamANapuruShasya jAnAti . kim . amutta.n amUrta-
matIndriyaniruparAgasadAnandaikasukhasvabhAva.n yatparamAtmadravya.n tatprabhR^iti samastAmUrtadravyasamUha.n muttesu adi.ndiya.n
cha mUrteShu pudgaladravyeShu yadatIndriya.n paramANvAdi . pachChaNNa.n kAlANuprabhR^itidravyarUpeN prachChanna.n vyavahit-
mantarita.n, alokAkAshapradeshaprabhR^iti kShetraprachChanna.n, nirvikAraparamAnandaikasukhAsvAdapariNatirUpaparamAtmano
vartamAnasamayagatapariNAmAstatprabhR^itayo ye samastadravyANA.n vartamAnasamayagatapariNAmAste kAlaprachChannAH,
tasyaiv paramAtmanaH siddharUpashuddhavya~njanaparyAyaH sheShadravyANA.n cha ye yathAsa.nbhava.n vya~njanaparyAyAsteShvanta-
1. prachChanna = gupta; antarit; DhakA huA .
dekhe amUrtik, mUrtamA.ny atIndri ne, prachChannane,
te sarvane — par ke svakIyane, j~nAn te pratyakSha Che. 54.
ab, atIndriy sukhakA sAdhanabhUt (-kAraNarUp) atIndriy j~nAn upAdey hai —
isaprakAr usakI prasha.nsA karate hai.n : —
anvayArtha : — [prekShamANasya yat ] dekhanevAlekA jo j~nAn [amUrta.n ] amUrtako,
[mUrteShu ] mUrta padArtho.nme.n bhI [atIndriya.n ] atIndriyako, [cha prachChanna.n ] aur prachChannako,
[sakala.n ] in sabako — [svaka.n cha itarat ] sva tathA parako — dekhatA hai, [tad j~nAna.n ] vah j~nAn
[pratyakSha.n bhavati ] pratyakSha hai ..54..
TIkA : — jo amUrta hai, jo mUrta padArtho.nme.n bhI atIndriy hai, aur jo 1prachChanna hai, us
sabako — jo ki sva aur par in do bhedo.nme.n samA jAtA hai use — atIndriy j~nAn avashya dekhatA

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svaparavikalpAntaHpAti prekShat ev . tasya khalvamUrteShu dharmAdharmAdiShu, mUrteShvapyatIndriyeShu
paramANvAdiShu, dravyaprachChanneShu kAlAdiShu, kShetraprachChanneShvalokAkAshapradeshAdiShu, kAlaprachChanneShva-
sA.npratikaparyAyeShu, bhAvaprachChanneShu sthUlaparyAyAntarlInasUkShmaparyAyeShu sarveShvapi svaparavyavasthA-
vyavasthiteShvasti draShTR^itva.n, pratyakShatvAt.h . pratyakSha.n hi j~nAnamudbhinnAnantashuddhisannidhAnamanAdi-
siddhachaitanyasAmAnyasa.nbandhamekamevAkShanAmAnamAtmAna.n prati niyatamitarA.n sAmagrImamR^igayamAN-
manantashaktisadbhAvato.anantatAmupagata.n dahanasyev dAhyAkArANA.n j~nAnasya j~neyAkArANAman-
rbhUtAH pratisamayapravartamAnaShaTprakArapravR^iddhihAnirUpA arthaparyAyA bhAvaprachChannA bhaNyante . sayala.n tatpUrvokta.n
samasta.n j~neya.n dvidhA bhavati . kathamiti chet . saga.n cha idara.n kimapi yathAsa.nbhava.n svadravyagata.n itaratparadravyagata.n
cha . tadubhaya.n yataH kAraNAjjAnAti ten kAraNen ta.n NANa.n tatpUrvoktaj~nAna.n havadi bhavati . katha.nbhUtam . pachchakkha.n
pratyakShamiti . atrAha.n shiShyaH — j~nAnaprapa~nchAdhikAraH pUrvamev gataH, asmin sukhaprapa~nchAdhikAre sukhamev
kathanIyamiti . parihAramAh — yadatIndriya.n j~nAna.n pUrva.n bhaNita.n tadevAbhedanayen sukha.n bhavatIti j~nApanArtha.n,
athavA j~nAnasya mukhyavR^ittyA tatra heyopAdeyachintA nAstIti j~nApanArtha.n vA . evamatIndriyaj~nAnamupAdeyamiti
1. asA.npratik = atAtkAlik ; vartamAnakAlIn nahi aisA; atIt – anAgat.
2. antarlIn = andar lIn hue; antarmagna .
3. akSha = AtmAkA nAm ‘akSha’ bhI hai . (indriyaj~nAn akSha = arthAt indriyo.nke dvArA jAnatA hai; atIndriy
pratyakSha j~nAn akSha arthAt AtmAke dvArA hI jAnatA hai .)
4. j~neyAkAr j~nAnako pAr nahI.n kar sakate — j~nAnakI had bAhar jA nahI.n sakate, j~nAname.n jAn hI lete hai .
hai . amUrta dharmAstikAy, adharmAstikAy ityAdi, mUrta padArtho.nme.n bhI atIndriy paramANu ityAdi,
tathA dravyame.n prachChanna kAl ityAdi (-dravya apekShAse gupta aise jo kAl dharmAstikAy vagairah),
kShetrame.n prachChanna alokAkAshake pradesh ityAdi, kAlame.n prachChanna 1asAmpratik (atIt -anAgat)
paryAye.n tathA bhAv -prachChanna sthUl paryAyo.nme.n 2antarlIn sUkShma paryAye.n hai.n, un sabakA — jo ki sva
aur parake bhedase vibhakta hai.n unakA vAstavame.n us atIndriy j~nAnake dR^iShTApan hai; (arthAt un
sabako vah atIndriy j~nAn dekhatA hai) kyo.nki vah (atIndriy j~nAn) pratyakSha hai . jise ananta
shuddhikA sadbhAv pragaT huA hai, aise chaitanyasAmAnyake sAth anAdisiddha sambandhavAle ek hI
3‘akSha’ nAmak AtmAke prati jo niyat hai (arthAt jo j~nAn AtmAke sAth hI lagA huA hai —
AtmAke dvArA sIdhA pravR^itti karatA hai), jo (indriyAdik) anya sAmagrIko nahI.n DhU.NDhatA aur jo
anantashaktike sadbhAvake kAraN anantatAko (-behadatAko) prApta hai, aise us pratyakSha j~nAnako —
jaise dAhyAkAr dahanakA atikramaN nahI.n karate usIprakAr j~neyAkAr j~nAnakA 4atikram (ulla.nghan)
na karanese — yathokta prabhAvakA anubhav karate hue (-uparyukta padArtho.nko jAnate hue) kaun rok

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tikramAdyathoditAnubhAvamanubhavattat.h ken nAm nivAryet . atastadupAdeyam ..54..
athendriyasaukhyasAdhanIbhUtamindriyaj~nAna.n heya.n praNindati —
jIvo saya.n amutto muttigado teN muttiNA mutta.n .
ogeNhittA jogga.n jANadi vA ta.n Na jANAdi ..55..
jIvaH svayamamUrto mUrtigatasten mUrten mUrtam .
avagR^ihya yogya.n jAnAti vA tanna jAnAti ..55..
indriyaj~nAna.n hi mUrtopalambhaka.n mUrtopalabhya.n cha . tadvAn jIvaH svayamamUrto.api
kathanamukhyatvenaikagAthayA dvitIyasthala.n gatam ..54.. ath heyabhUtasyendriyasukhasya kAraNatvAdalpa-
viShayatvAchchendriyaj~nAna.n heyamityupadishati ---jIvo saya.n amutto jIvastAvachChaktirUpeN shuddhadravyArthik-
1. avagrah = matij~nAnase kisI padArthako jAnanekA prArambha hone par pahale hI avagrah hotA hai kyo.nki matij~nAn
avagrah, IhA, avAy aur dhAraNA — is kramase jAnatA hai .
2. upalambhak = batAnevAlA, jAnaneme.n nimittabhUt . (indriyaj~nAnako padArtho.nke jAnaneme.n nimittabhUt mUrta
pa.nchendriyAtmak sharIr hai) .
3. upalabhya = janAne yogya .
pote amUrtik jIv mUrtasharIragat e mUrtathI,
kadI yogya mUrta avagrahI jANe, kadIk jANe nahI.n . 55.
sakatA hai ? (arthAt koI nahI.n rok sakatA .) isaliye vah (atIndriy j~nAn) upAdey hai ..54..
ab, indriyasukhakA sAdhanabhUt (-kAraNarUp) indriyaj~nAn hey hai — isaprakAr usakI
nindA karate hai.n —
anvayArtha : — [svaya.n amUrtaH ] svaya.n amUrta aisA [jIvaH ] jIv [mUrtigataH ] mUrta
sharIrako prApta hotA huA [ten mUrten ] us mUrta sharIrake dvArA [yogya mUrta.n ] yogya mUrta padArthako
[avagrahya ] 1avagrah karake ( — indriyagrahaNayogya mUrta padArthakA avagrah karake) [tat ] use
[jAnAti ] jAnatA hai [vA na jAnAti ] athavA nahI.n jAnatA ( — kabhI jAnatA hai aur kabhI
nahI.n jAnatA) ..55..
TIkA : — indriyaj~nAnako 2upalambhak bhI mUrta hai aur 3upalabhya bhI mUrta hai . vah

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pa.nchendriyAtmaka.n sharIra.n mUrtamupAgatasten j~naptiniShpattau balAdhAnanimittatayopalambhaken mUrten mUrta.n
sparshAdipradhAna.n vastUpalabhyatAmupAgata.n yogyamavagR^ihya kadAchittaduparyupari shuddhisa.nbhavAdavagachChati,
kadAchittadasa.nbhavAnnAvagachChati, parokShatvAt.h . parokSha.n hi j~nAnamatidR^iDhatarAj~nAnatamogranthiguNTha-
nAnnimIlitasyAnAdisiddhachaitanyasAmAnyasa.nbandhasyApyAtmanaH svaya.n parichChettumarthamasamarthasyo-
pAttAnupAttaparapratyayasAmagrImArgaNavyagratayAtyantavisa.nShThulatvamavalambamAnamanantAyAH shakteH pari-
skhalanAnnitAntaviklavIbhUta.n mahAmohamallasya jIvadavasthatvAt.h parapariNatipravartitAbhiprAyamapi
pade pade prAptavipralambhamanupala.nbhasa.nbhAvanAmev paramArthato.arhati . atastaddheyam ..55..
nayenAmUrtAtIndriyaj~nAnasukhasvabhAvaH, pashchAdanAdibandhavashAt vyavahAranayen muttigado mUrtasharIragato
mUrtasharIrapariNato bhavati . teN muttiNA ten mUrtasharIreN mUrtasharIrAdhArotpannamUrtadravyendriyabhAvendriyAdhAreN
mutta.n mUrta.n vastu ogeNhittA avagrahAdiken kramakaraNavyavadhAnarUpa.n kR^itvA jogga.n tatsparshAdimUrta.n vastu .
1. sparshAdipradhAn = jisame.n sparsha, ras, ga.ndh aur varNa mukhya hai.n , aisI .
2. upAtta = prApta (indriy, man ityAdi upAtta par padArtha hai.n )
3. anupAtta = aprApta (prakAsh ityAdi anupAtta par padArtha hai.n )
4. viklav = khinna; duHkhI, ghabarAyA huA
.
indriyaj~nAnavAlA jIv svaya.n amUrta hone par bhI mUrta -pa.nchendriyAtmak sharIrako prApta hotA huA,
j~napti utpanna karaneme.n bal -dhAraNakA nimitta honese jo upalambhak hai aise us mUrta (sharIr) ke
dvArA mUrta aisI 1sparshAdipradhAn vastuko — jo ki yogya ho arthAt jo (indriyo.nke dvArA)
upalabhya ho use — avagrah karake, kadAchit usase Age – AgekI shuddhike sadbhAvake kAraN use
jAnatA hai aur kadAchit avagrahase Age AgekI shuddhike asadbhAvake kAraN nahI.n jAnatA,
kyo.nki vah (indriy j~nAn) parokSha hai . parokShaj~nAn, chaitanyasAmAnyake sAth (AtmAkA)
anAdisiddha sambandha hone par bhI jo ati dR^i.Dhtar aj~nAnarUp tamogranthi (andhakArasamUh) dvArA
AvR^it ho gayA hai, aisA AtmA padArthako svaya.n jAnaneke liye asamartha honese 2upAtta aur
3anupAtta parapadArtharUp sAmagrIko DhU.N.DhnekI vyagratAse atyanta cha.nchal -taral -asthir vartatA huA,
anantashaktise chyut honese atyanta 4viklav vartatA huA, mahAmoh -mallake jIvit honese
parapariNatikA (-parako pariNamit karanekA) abhiprAy karane par bhI pad pad par ThagAtA huA,
paramArthataH aj~nAname.n gine jAne yogya hai . isaliye vah hey hai .
bhAvArtha : — indriyaj~nAn indriyo.nke nimittase mUrta sthUl indriyagochar padArtho.nko hI
kShAyopashamik j~nAnake anusAr jAn sakatA hai . parokShabhUt vah indriy j~nAn indriy, prakAsh,
Adi bAhya sAmagrIko DhU.N.DhnekI vyagratAke (-asthiratAke) kAraN atishay cha.nchal -kShubdha

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athendriyANA.n svaviShayamAtre.api yugapatpravR^ittyasa.nbhavAddheyamevendriyaj~nAnamityavadhArayati —
phAso raso ya ga.ndho vaNNo saddo ya poggalA ho.nti .
akkhANa.n te akkhA jugava.n te Nev geNha.nti ..56..
sparsho rasashcha gandho varNaH shabdashcha pudgalA bhavanti .
akShANA.n tAnyakShANi yugapattAnnaiv gR^ihNanti ..56..
indriyANA.n hi sparsharasagandhavarNapradhAnAH shabdashcha grahaNayogyAH pudgalAH . athendriyairyug-
kata.nbhUtam . indriyagrahaNayogyaindriyagrahaNayogyam . jANadi vA ta.n Na jANAdi svAvaraNakShayopashamayogya.n kimapi sthUla.n
jAnAti, visheShakShayopashamAbhAvAt sUkShma.n na jAnAtIti . ayamatra bhAvArthaH — indriyaj~nAna.n yadyapi
vyavahAreN pratyakSha.n bhaNyate, tathApi nishchayen kevalaj~nAnApekShayA parokShamev . parokSha.n tu yAvatA.nshen sUkShmArtha.n
na jAnAti tAvatA.nshen chittakhedakAraNa.n bhavati . khedashcha duHkha.n, tato duHkhajanakatvAdindriyaj~nAna.n
heyamiti ..55.. ath chakShurAdIndriyaj~nAna.n rUpAdisvaviShayamapi yugapanna jAnAti ten kAraNen heyamiti
ras, ga.ndh, sparsha vaLI varaN ne shabda je paudgalik te
Che indriviShayo, temaney na indriyo yugapad grahe. 56.
pra. 13
hai, alpa shaktivAn honese khed khinna hai, parapadArtho.nko pariNamit karAnekA abhiprAy hone
par bhI pad pad par ThagA jAtA hai (kyo.nki par padArtha AtmAke AdhIn pariNamit nahI.n
hote) isaliye paramArthase vah j~nAn ‘aj~nAn’ nAmake hI yogya hai . isaliye vah hey
hai ..55..
ab, indriyA.N mAtra apane viShayo.nme.n bhI yugapat pravR^itta nahI.n hotI.n, isaliye indriyaj~nAn hey
hI hai, aisA nishchay karate hai.n : —
anvayArtha : — [sparshaH ] sparsha, [rasaH cha ] ras, [ga.ndhaH ] ga.ndh, [varNaH ] varNa [shabdaH
cha ] aur shabda [pudgalAH ] pudgal hai.n, ve [akShANA.n bhavanti ] indriyo.nke viShay hai.n [tAni
akShANi ] (parantu ) ve indriyA.N [tAn ] unhe.n (bhI) [yugapat ] ek sAth [na ev gR^ihNanti ]
grahaN nahI.n karatI.n (nahI.n jAn sakatI.n) ..56..
TIkA : — 1mukhya aise sparsha -ras -ga.ndh -varNa tathA shabda — jo ki pudgal hai.n ve —
1.* sparsha, ras, ga.ndh aur varNa – yah pudgalake mukhya guN hai.n .

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patte.api na gR^ihyante, tathAvidhakShayopashamanashakterasa.nbhavAt.h . indriyANA.n hi kShayopashamasa.nj~nikAyAH
parichChetryAH shakterantara.ngAyAH kAkAkShitArakavat.h kramapravR^ittivashAdanekataH prakAshayitumasamarthatvA-
tsatsvapi dravyendriyadvAreShu na yaugapadyen nikhilendriyArthAvabodhaH siddhayet.h, parokShatvAt.h ..56..
nishchinoti — phAso raso ya ga.ndho vaNNo saddo ya poggalA ho.nti sparsharasagandhavarNashabdAH pudgalA mUrtA
bhavanti . te cha viShayAH . keShAm . akkhANa.n sparshanAdIndriyANA.n . te akkhA tAnyakShANIndriyANI kartR^iNi
jugava.n te Nev geNha.nti yugapattAn svakIyaviShayAnapi na gR^ihNanti na jAnantIti . ayamatrAbhiprAyaH — yathA
sarvaprakAropAdeyabhUtasyAnantasukhasyopAdAnakAraNabhUta.n ke valaj~nAna.n yugapatsamasta.n vastu jAnatsat jIvasya
sukhakAraNa.n bhavati, tathedamindriyaj~nAna.n svakIyaviShaye.api yugapatparij~nAnAbhAvAtsukhakAraNa.n na bhavati ......56......
indriyo.nke dvArA grahaN hone yogya (-j~nAt hone yogya), hai.n . (kintu) indriyo.nke dvArA ve bhI
yugapad (ek sAth) grahaN nahI.n hote (-jAnaneme.n nahI.n Ate) kyo.nki kShayopashamakI
usaprakArakI shakti nahI.n hai . indriyo.nke jo kShayopasham nAmakI antara.ng j~nAtR^ishakti hai vah
kauvekI A.NkhakI putalIkI bhA.Nti kramik pravR^ittivAlI honese anekataH prakAshake liye
(-ek hI sAth anek viShayo.nko jAnaneke liye) asamartha hai, isaliye dravyendriyadvAro.nke
vidyamAn hone par bhI samasta indriyo.nke viShayo.nkA (-viShayabhUt padArtho.nkA) j~nAn ek hI
sAth nahI.n hotA, kyo.nki indriy j~nAn parokSha hai .
bhAvArtha : — kauvekI do A.Nkhe.n hotI hai.n kintu putalI ek hI hotI hai . kauveko jis
A.Nkhase dekhanA ho us A.Nkhame.n putalI A jAtI hai; us samay vah dUsarI A.Nkhase nahI.n dekh
sakatA . aisA hone par bhI vah putalI itanI jaldI dono.n A.Nkho.nme.n AtIjAtI hai ki logo.nko
aisA mAlUm hotA hai ki dono.n A.Nkho.nme.n do bhinna -bhinna putaliyA.N hai.n; kintu vAstavame.n vah ek
hI hotI hai . aisI hI dashA kShAyopashamik j~nAnakI hai . dravya -indriyarUpI dvAr to pA.Nch hai.n, kintu
kShAyopashamik j~nAn ek samay ek indriy dvArA hI jAn sakatA hai; us samay dUsarI indriyo.nke
dvArA kArya nahI.n hotA . jab kShAyopashamik j~nAn netrake dvArA varNako dekhanekA kArya karatA hai
tab vah shabda, ga.ndh, ras yA sparshako nahI.n jAn sakatA; arthAt jab us j~nAnakA upayog netrake
dvArA varNake dekhaneme.n lagA hotA hai tab kAname.n kaunase shabda pa.Dte hai.n yA nAkame.n kaisI gandha AtI
hai ityAdi khyAl nahI.n rahatA . yadyapi j~nAnakA upayog ek viShayame.nse dUsareme.n atyanta shIghratAse
badalatA hai, isaliye sthUladR^iShTise dekhaneme.n aisA lagatA hai ki mAno.n sabhI viShay ek hI sAth
j~nAt hote ho.n, tathApi sUkShma dR^iShTise dekhane par kShAyopashamik j~nAn ek samayame.n ek hI indriyake
dvArA pravartamAn hotA huA spaShTatayA bhAsit hotA hai . isaprakAr indriyA.N apane viShayo.nme.n bhI
kramashaH pravartamAn honese parokShabhUt indriyaj~nAn hey hai ..56..

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athendriyaj~nAna.n na pratyakSha.n bhavatIti nishchinoti —
paradavva.n te akkhA Nev sahAvo tti appaNo bhaNidA .
uvaladdha.n tehi kadha.n pachchakkha.n appaNo hodi ..57..
paradravya.n tAnyakShANi naiv svabhAv ityAtmano bhaNitAni .
upalabdha.n taiH katha.n pratyakShamAtmano bhavati ..57..
AtmAnamev kevala.n prati niyata.n kil pratyakSham . ida.n tu vyatiriktAstitvayogitayA
paradravyatAmupagatairAtmanaH svabhAvatA.n manAgapyasa.nspR^ishadbhirindriyairupalabhyopajanyamAna.n na nAmAtmanaH
pratyakSha.n bhavitumarhati ..57..
athendriyaj~nAna.n pratyakSha.n na bhavatIti vyavasthApayati — paradavva.n te akkhA tAni prasiddhAnyakShANIndriyANi par-
dravya.n bhavanti . kasya . AtmanaH . Nev sahAvo tti appaNo bhaNidA yo.asau vishuddhaj~nAnadarshanasvabhAv
AtmanaH sa.nbandhI tatsvabhAvAni nishchayen na bhaNitAnIndriyANi . kasmAt . bhinnAstitvaniShpannatvAt .
uvaladdha.n tehi upalabdha.n j~nAta.n yatpa~nchendriyaviShayabhUta.n vastu tairindriyaiH kadha.n pachchakkha.n appaNo hodi tadvastu katha.n
pratyakSha.n bhavatyAtmano, na kathamapIti . tathaiv cha nAnAmanorathavyAptiviShaye pratipAdyapratipAdakAdivikalpa-
jAlarUpa.n yanmanastadapIndriyaj~nAnavannishchayen parokSha.n bhavatIti j~nAtvA ki.n kartavyam . sakalaikAkhaNDapratyakSha-
ab, yah nishchay karate hai.n ki indriyaj~nAn pratyakSha nahI.n hai : —
anvayArtha : — [tAni akShANi ] ve indriyA.N [paradravya.n ] par dravya hai.n [AtmanaH svabhAvaH
iti ] unhe.n AtmasvabhAvarUp [na ev bhaNitAni ] nahI.n kahA hai; [taiH ] unake dvArA [upalabdha.n ]
j~nAt [AtmanaH ] AtmAko [pratyakSha.n ] pratyakSha [katha.n bhavati ] kaise ho sakatA hai ?..57..
TIkA : — jo keval AtmAke prati hI niyat ho vah (j~nAn) vAstavame.n pratyakSha hai .
yah (indriyaj~nAn) to, jo bhinna astitvavAlI honese paradravyatvako prApta huI hai, aur
AtmasvabhAvatvako ki.nchitmAtra sparsha nahI.n karatI.n (AtmasvabhAvarUp ki.nchitmAtra bhI nahI.n hai.n )
aisI indriyo.nke dvArA upalabdhi karake (-aisI indriyo.nke nimittase padArtho.nko jAnakar) utpanna
hotA hai, isaliye vah (indriyaj~nAn) AtmAke liye pratyakSha nahI.n ho sakatA .
bhAvArtha : — jo sIdhA AtmAke dvArA hI jAnatA hai vah j~nAn pratyakSha hai . indriyaj~nAn
te indriyo paradravya, jIvasvabhAv bhAkhI na temane;
tenAthI je upalabdha te pratyakSha kaI rIt jIvane ?. 57.

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ath parokShapratyakShalakShaNamupalakShayati —
ja.n parado viNNANa.n ta.n tu parokkha.n ti bhaNidamaTThesu .
jadi kevaleN NAda.n havadi hi jIveN pachchakkha.n ..58..
yatparato vij~nAna.n tattu parokShamiti bhaNitamartheShu .
yadi kevalen j~nAta.n bhavati hi jIven pratyakSham ..58..
yattu khalu paradravyabhUtAdantaHkaraNAdindriyAtparopadeshAdupalabdheH sa.nskArAdAlokAdervA
pratibhAsamayaparamajyotiHkAraNabhUte svashuddhAtmasvarUpabhAvanAsamutpannaparamAhlAdaikalakShaNasukhasa.nvittyAkAr-
pariNatirUpe rAgAdivikalpopAdhirahite svasa.nvedanaj~nAne bhAvanA kartavyA ityabhiprAyaH ..57.. ath punarapi
prakArAntareN pratyakShaparokShalakShaNa.n kathayati — ja.n parado viNNANa.n ta.n tu parokkha.n ti bhaNida.n yatparataH
sakAshAdvij~nAna.n parij~nAna.n bhavati tatpunaH parokShamiti bhaNitam . keShu viShayeShu . aTThesu j~neyapadArtheShu . jadi
1. paropadesh = anyakA upadesha.
2. upalabdhi = j~nAnAvaraNIy karmake kShayopashamake nimittase utpanna padArtho.nko jAnanekI shakti . (yah ‘labdha’
shakti jab ‘uparyukta’ hotI hai, tabhI padArtha j~nAt hotA hai .)
3. sa.nskAr = pUrva j~nAt padArthakI dhAraNA.
4. chakShuindriy dvArA rUpI padArthako dekhaneme.n prakAsh bhI nimittarUp hotA hai.
paradravyarUp indriyo.nke dvArA jAnatA hai isaliye vah pratyakSha nahI.n hai ..57..
ab, parokSha aur pratyakShake lakShaN batalAte hai.n : —
anvayArtha : — [parataH ] parake dvArA honevAlA [yat ] jo [artheShu vij~nAna.n ] padArtha
sambandhI vij~nAn hai [tat tu ] vah to [parokSha.n iti bhaNita.n ] parokSha kahA gayA hai, [yadi ] yadi
[kevalen jIveN ] mAtra jIvake dvArA hI [j~nAta.n bhavati hi ] jAnA jAye to [pratyakSha.n ] vah j~nAn
pratyakSha hai ..58..
TIkA : — nimittatAko prApta (nimittarUp bane hue) aise jo paradravyabhUt a.ntaHkaraN
(man), indriy, 1paropadesh, 2upalabdhi, 3sa.nskAr yA 4prakAshAdik hai.n unake dvArA honevAlA
artho taNu.n je j~nAn parataH thAy teh parokSha Che;
jIvamAtrathI ja jaNAy jo , to j~nAn te pratyakSha Che. 58.

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nimittatAmupagatAt.h svaviShayamupagatasyArthasya parichChedana.n tat.h parataH prAdurbhavatparokShamityA-
lakShyate . yatpunarantaHkaraNamindriya.n paropadeshamupalabdhi.n sa.nskAramAlokAdika.n vA samastamapi
paradravyamanapekShyAtmasvabhAvamevaika.n kAraNatvenopAdAy sarvadravyaparyAyajAtamekapad evAbhivyApya
pravartamAna.n parichChedana.n tat.h kevalAdevAtmanaH sa.nbhUtatvAt.h pratyakShamityAlakShyate . ih hi
sahajasaukhyasAdhanIbhUtamidamev mahApratyakShamabhipretamiti ..58..
athaitadev pratyakSha.n pAramArthikasaukhyatvenopakShipati —
jAda.n saya.n sama.nta.n NANamaNa.ntatthavitthaDa.n vimala.n .
rahiya.n tu oggahAdihi.n suha.n ti ega.ntiya.n bhaNida.n ..59..
kevaleN NAda.n havadi hi yadi kevalenAsahAyen j~nAta.n bhavati hi sphu Tam . ken kartR^ibhUten . jIveN jIven .
tarhi pachchakkha.n pratyakSha.n bhavatIti . ato vistaraH — indriyamanaHparopadeshAlokAdibahira~N.hganimittabhUtAttathaiv cha
j~nAnAvaraNIyakShayopashamajanitArthagrahaNashaktirUpAyA upalabdherarthAvadhAraNarUpasa.nskArAchchAntara~N.hgakAraNabhUtAt-
sakAshAdutpadyate yadvij~nAna.n tatparAdhInatvAtparokShamityuchyate . yadi punaH pUrvoktasamastaparadravyamanapekShya
kevalAchChuddhabuddhaikasvabhAvAtparamAtmanaH sakAshAtsamutpadyate tato.akShanAmAnamAtmAna.n pratItyotpadyamAnatvA-
tpratyakSha.n bhavatIti sUtrAbhiprAyaH ..58.. eva.n heyabhUtendriyaj~nAnakathanamukhyatayA gAthAchatuShTayen tR^itIyasthala.n
gatam . athAbhedanayen pa~nchavisheShaNavishiShTa.n kevalaj~nAnamev sukhamiti pratipAdayati — jAda.n jAta.n
jo svaviShayabhUt padArthakA j~nAn, vah parake dvArA 1prAdurbhAvako prApta honese ‘parokSha’-ke rUpame.n
jAnA jAtA hai, aur a.ntaHkaraN, indriy, paropadesh, upalabdhi sa.nskAr yA prakAshAdik — sab
paradravyakI apekShA rakhe binA ekamAtra AtmasvabhAvako hI kAraNarUpase grahaN karake sarva
dravya -paryAyo.nke samUhame.n ek samay hI vyApta hokar pravartamAn j~nAn vah keval AtmAke dvArA
hI utpanna honese ‘pratyakSha’ ke rUpame.n jAnA jAtA hai .
yahA.N (is gAthAme.n ) sahaj sukhakA sAdhanabhUt aisA yahI mahApratyakSha j~nAn ichChanIy mAnA
gayA hai — upAdey mAnA gayA hai (aisA Ashay samajhanA) ..58..
svayamev jAt, sama.nt, artha ana.ntamA.n vistR^it ne
avagrah -IhAdi rahit, nirmal j~nAn sukh ekA.nt Che. 59.
1 prAdurbhAvako prApta = pragaT utpanna .

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jAta.n svaya.n sama.nta.n j~nAnamanantArthavistR^ita.n vimalam .
rahita.n tvavagrahAdibhiH sukhamiti aikAntika.n bhaNitam ..59..
svaya.n jAtatvAt.h, samantatvAt.h, anantArthavistR^itatvAt.h, vimalatvAt.h, avagrahAdi-
rahitatvAchcha pratyakSha.n j~nAna.n sukhamaikAntikamiti nishchIyate, anAkulatvaikalakShaNatvAtsaukhyasya .
yato hi parato jAyamAna.n parAdhInatayA, asama.ntamitaradvArAvaraNen, katipayArthapravR^ittamitarArtha-
bubhutsayA, samalamasamyagavabodhen, avagrahAdisahita.n kramakR^itArthagrahaNakheden parokSha.n j~nAnamatyanta-
utpannam . ki.n kartR^i . NANa.n kevalaj~nAnam . katha.n jAtam . saya.n svayamev . punarapi ki.nvishiShTam . sama.nta.n
paripUrNam . punarapi ki.nrUpam . aNa.ntatthavitthaDa.n anantArthavistIrNam . punaH kIdR^isham . vimala.n sa.nshayAdimal-
1. samanta = chAro.n or -sarva bhAgo.nme.n vartamAn; sarva Atmapradesho.nse jAnatA huA; samasta; sampUrNa, akhaNDa .
2. aikAntik = paripUrNa; antim, akelA; sarvathA .
3. parokSha j~nAn kha.nDit hai arthAt vah amuk pradesho.nke dvArA hI jAnatA hai; jaise -varNa A.Nkh jitane pradesho.nke
dvArA hI (indriyaj~nAnase) j~nAt hotA hai; anya dvAr banda hai.n .
4. itar = dUsare; anya; usake sivAyake .
5. padArthagrahaN arthAt padArthakA bodh ek hI sAth na hone par avagrah, IhA ityAdi kramapUrvak honese khed
hotA hai .
ab, isI pratyakShaj~nAnako pAramArthik sukharUp batalAte hai.n : —
anvayArtha : — [svaya.n jAta.n ] apane Ap hI utpanna [sama.nta.n ] sama.nt (sarva pradesho.nse
jAnatA huA) [anantArthavistR^ita.n ] ananta padArtho.nme.n vistR^it [vimala.n ] vimal [tu ] aur
[avagrahAdibhiH rahita.n ] avagrahAdise rahit — [j~nAna.n ] aisA j~nAn [aikAntika.n sukha.n ] aikAntik
sukh hai [iti bhaNita.n ] aisA (sarvaj~nadevane) kahA hai ..59..
TIkA : — (1) ‘svaya.n utpanna’ honese, (2) ‘sama.nt’ honese, (3) ‘ananta -padArtho.nme.n
vistR^it’ honese, (4) ‘vimal’ honese aur (5) ‘avagrahAdi rahit’ honese, pratyakShaj~nAn
2aikAntik sukh hai yah nishchit hotA hai, kyo.nki ek mAtra anAkulatA hI sukhakA lakShaN hai .
(isI bAtako vistArapUrvak samajhAte hai.n : — )
(1) ‘parake dvArA utpanna’ hotA huA parAdhInatAke kAraN (2) 3‘asama.nt’ honese 4itar
dvAro.nke AvaraNake kAraN (3) ‘mAtra kuCh padArtho.nme.n pravartamAn’ hotA huA anya padArtho.nko
jAnanekI ichChAke kAraN, (4) ‘samal’ honese asamyak avabodhake kAraN ( — karmamalayukta
honese sa.nshay -vimoh -vibhram sahit jAnaneke kAraN), aur (5) ‘avagrahAdi sahit’ honese
kramashaH honevAle 5padArthagrahaNake khedake kAraN (-in kAraNo.nko lekar), parokSha j~nAn atyanta

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mAkula.n bhavati . tato na tat.h paramArthataH saukhyam . ida.n tu punaranAdij~nAnasAmAnya-
svabhAvasyopari mahAvikAshenAbhivyApya svat ev vyavasthitatvAtsvaya.n jAyamAnamAtmAdhInatayA,
samantAtmapradeshAn paramasamakShaj~nAnopayogIbhUyAbhivyApya vyavasthitatvAtsamantam asheShadvArA-
pAvaraNen, prasabha.n nipItasamastavastuj~neyAkAra.n parama.n vaishvarUpyamabhivyApya vyavasthitatvAdanantArtha-
vistR^ita.n samastArthAbubhutsayA, sakalashaktipratibandhakakarmasAmAnyaniShkrAntatayA parispaShTa-
prakAshabhAsvara.n svabhAvamabhivyApya vyavasthitatvAdvimala.n samyagavabodhen, yugapatsamarpit-
traisamayikAtmasvarUpa.n lokAlokamabhivyApya vyavasthitatvAdavagrahAdirahita.n kramakR^itArthagrahaN-
khedAbhAven pratyakSha.n j~nAnamanAkula.n bhavati . tatastatpAramArthika.n khalu saukhyam ..59..
rahitam . punarapi kIdR^ik . rahiya.n tu oggahAdihi.n avagrahAdirahita.n cheti . eva.n pa~nchavisheShaNavishiShTa.n
yatkevalaj~nAna.n suha.n ti ega.ntiya.n bhaNida.n tatsukha.n bhaNitam . katha.nbhUtam . aikAntika.n niyameneti . tathAhi —
paranirapekShatven chidAnandaikasvabhAva.n nijashuddhAtmAnamupAdAnakAraNa.n kR^itvA samutpadyamAnatvAtsvaya.n jAyamAna.n
1. samakSha = pratyakSha
2. paramavividhatA = samasta padArthasamUh jo ki ananta vividhatAmay hai
.
Akul hai; isaliye vah paramArthase sukh nahI.n hai .
aur yah pratyakSha j~nAn to anAkul hai, kyo.nki — (1) anAdi j~nAnasAmAnyarUp
svabhAv par mahA vikAsase vyApta hokar svataH hI rahanese ‘svaya.n utpanna hotA hai,’ isaliye
AtmAdhIn hai, (aur AtmAdhIn honese AkulatA nahI.n hotI); (2) samasta Atmapradesho.nme.n
param 1samakSha j~nAnopayogarUp hokar, vyApta honese ‘sama.nt hai’, isaliye asheSh dvAr khule hue
hai.n (aur isaprakAr koI dvAr banda na honese AkulatA nahI.n hotI); (3) samasta vastuo.nke
j~neyAkAro.nko sarvathA pI jAnese 2param vividhatAme.n vyApta hokar rahanese ‘ananta padArtho.nme.n vistR^it
hai,’ isaliye sarva padArtho.nko jAnanekI ichChAkA abhAv hai (aur isaprakAr kisI padArthako
jAnanekI ichChA na honese AkulatA nahI.n hotI); (4) sakal shaktiko rokanevAlA
karmasAmAnya (j~nAname.nse) nikal jAnese (j~nAn) atyanta spaShTa prakAshake dvArA prakAshamAn
(-tejasvI) svabhAvame.n vyApta hokar rahanese ‘vimal hai’ isaliye samyakrUpase (-barAbar)
jAnatA hai (aur isaprakAr sa.nshayAdi rahitatAse jAnaneke kAraN AkulatA nahI.n hotI); tathA
(5) jinane trikAlakA apanA svarUp yugapat samarpit kiyA hai (-ek hI samay batAyA
hai) aise lokAlokame.n vyApta hokar rahanese ‘avagrahAdi rahit hai’ isaliye kramashaH honevAle
padArtha grahaNake khedakA abhAv hai . — isaprakAr (uparokta pA.Nch kAraNo.nse) pratyakSha j~nAn
anAkul hai . isaliye vAstavame.n vah pAramArthik sukh hai .

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ath kevalasyApi pariNAmadvAreN khedasya sa.nbhavAdaikAntikasukhatva.n nAstIti
pratyAchaShTe —
ja.n kevala.n ti NANa.n ta.n sokkha.n pariNama.n cha so chev .
khedo tassa Na bhaNido jamhA ghAdI khaya.n jAdA ..60..
yatkevalamiti j~nAna.n tatsaukhya.n pariNAmashcha sa chaiv .
khedastasya na bhaNito yasmAt.h ghAtIni kShaya.n jAtAni ..60..
atra ko hi nAm khedaH, kashcha pariNAmaH kashcha kevalasukhayorvyatirekaH, yataH
kevalasyaikAntik sukhatva.n na syAt.h . khedasyAyatanAni ghAtikarmANi, na nAm kevala.n pariNAm-
sat, sarvashuddhAtmapradeshAdhAratvenotpannatvAtsamasta.n sarvaj~nAnAvibhAgaparichChedaparipUrNa.n sat, samastAvaraN-
kShayenotpannatvAtsamastaj~neyapadArthagrAhakatven vistIrNa.n sat, sa.nshayavimohavibhramarahitatven sUkShmAdipadArtha-
parichChittiviShaye.atyantavishadatvAdvimala.n sat, kramakaraNavyavadhAnajanitakhedAbhAvAdavagrahAdirahita.n cha sat,
yadeva.n pa~nchavisheShaNavishiShTa.n kShAyikaj~nAna.n tadanAkulatvalakShaNaparamAnandaikarUpapAramArthikasukhAtsa.nj~nAlakShaN-
prayojanAdibhede.api nishchayenAbhinnatvAtpAramArthikasukha.n bhaNyate – ityabhiprAyaH ..59.. athAnantapadArtha-
parichChedanAtkevalaj~nAne.api khedo.astIti pUrvapakShe sati parihAramAh – ja.n kevala.n ti NANa.n ta.n sokkha.n
1. khed = thakAvaT; sa.ntAp; duHkh
je j~nAn ‘keval’ te ja sukh, pariNAm paN vaLI te ja Che;
bhAkhyo na temA.n khed jethI ghAtikarma vinaShTa Che. 60.
bhAvArtha : — kShAyikaj~nAn -kevalaj~nAn ekAnta sukhasvarUp hai.n ..59..
ab, aise abhiprAyakA kha.nDan karate hai.n ki ‘kevalaj~nAnako bhI pariNAmake dvArA 1khedakA
sambhav honese kevalaj~nAn aikAntik sukh nahI.n hai : —
anvayArtha : — [yat ] jo [kevala.n iti j~nAna.n ] ‘keval’ nAmakA j~nAn hai [tat
saukhya.n ] vah sukh hai [pariNAmaH cha ] pariNAm bhI [saH cha ev ] vahI hai [tasya khedaH na
bhaNitaH ] use khed nahI.n kahA hai (arthAt kevalaj~nAname.n sarvaj~nadevane khed nahI.n kahA) [yasmAt ]
kyo.nki [ghAtIni ] ghAtikarma [kShaya.n jAtAni ] kShayako prApta hue hai.n ..60..
TIkA : — yahA.N (kevalaj~nAnake sambandhame.n), khed kyA, (2) pariNAm kyA tathA
(3) kevalaj~nAn aur sukhakA vyatirek (-bhed) kyA, ki jisase kevalaj~nAnako aikAntik
sukhatva na ho ?

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mAtram . ghAtikarmANi hi mahAmohotpAdakatvAdunmattakavadatasmi.nstadbuddhimAdhAy parichChedyamartha.n
pratyAtmAna.n yataH pariNAmayanti, tatastAni tasya pratyartha.n pariNamya pariNamya shrAmyataH
khedanidAnatA.n pratipadyante . tadabhAvAtkuto hi nAm kevale khedasyodbhedaH . yatashcha trisamayA-
vachChinnasakalapadArthaparichChedyAkAravaishvarUpyaprakAshanAspadIbhUta.n chitrabhittisthAnIyamanantasvarUpa.n
svayamev pariNamat kevalamev pariNAmaH, tataH kuto.anyaH pariNAmo yaddvAreN khedasyAtma-
lAbhaH . yatashcha samastasvabhAvapratighAtAbhAvAtsamullasitanira.nku shAnantashaktitayA sakala.n
traikAlika.n lokAlokAkAramabhivyApya kUTasthatvenAtyantaniShpakampa.n vyavasthitatvAdanAkulatA.n
yatkevalamiti j~nAna.n tatsaukhya.n bhavati, tasmAt khedo tassa Na bhaNido tasya kevalaj~nAnasya khedo duHkha.n na
bhaNitam . tadapi kasmAt . jamhA ghAdI khaya.n jAdA yasmAnmohAdighAtikarmANi kShaya.n gatAni . tarhi
tasyAnantapadArthaparichChittipariNAmo duHkhakAraNa.n bhaviShyati . naivam . pariNama.n cha so chev tasya
kevalaj~nAnasya sa.nbandhI pariNAmashcha sa ev sukharUp eveti . idAnI.n vistaraH — j~nAnadarshanAvaraNodaye sati
yugapadarthAn j~nAtumashakyatvAt kramakaraNavyavadhAnagrahaNe khedo bhavati, AvaraNadvayAbhAve sati yugapadgrahaNe
kevalaj~nAnasya khedo nAstIti sukhamev . tathaiv tasya bhagavato jagattrayakAlatrayavartisamastapadArtha-
yugapatparichChittisamarthamakhaNDaikarUpa.n pratyakShaparichChittimaya.n svarUpa.n pariNamatsat kevalaj~nAnamev pariNAmo, na
1. atatme.n tatbuddhi = vastu jisasvarUp nahI.n hai us svarUp honekI mAnyatA; jaise ki — ja.Dme.n chetanabuddhi
(arthAt ja.Dme.n chetanakI mAnyatA) duHkhame.n sukhabuddhi vagairah .
2. pratighAt = vighna; rukAvaT; hanan; ghAt .
3. kUTastha = sadA ekarUp rahanevAlA; achal (kevalaj~nAn sarvathA apariNAmI nahI.n hai, kintu vah ek j~neyase
dUsare j~neyake prati nahI.n badalatA – sarvathA tIno.n kAlake samasta j~neyAkAro.nko jAnatA hai, isaliye use kUTastha
kahA hai)
pra. 14
(1) khedake Ayatan (-sthAn) ghAtikarma hai.n, keval pariNAmamAtra nahI.n . ghAtikarma
mahA mohake utpAdak honese dhatUrekI bhA.Nti 1atatme.n tat buddhi dhAraN karavAkar AtmAko
j~neyapadArthake prati pariNaman karAte hai.n; isaliye ve ghAtikarma, pratyek padArthake prati pariNamit ho-
hokar thakanevAle AtmAke liye khedake kAraN hote hai.n . unakA (ghAtikarmo.nkA) abhAv honese
kevalaj~nAname.n khed kahA.Nse pragaT hogA ? (2) aur tInakAlarUp tIn bhed jisame.n kiye jAte
hai.n aise samasta padArtho.nkI j~neyAkArarUp (vividhatAko prakAshit karanekA sthAnabhUt kevalaj~nAn,
chitrit dIvArakI bhA.Nti, svaya.n) hI anantasvarUp svayamev pariNamit honese kevalaj~nAn hI
pariNAm hai . isaliye anya pariNAm kahA.N hai.n ki jinase khedakI utpatti ho ? (3) aur,
kevalaj~nAn samasta svabhAvapratighAtake2 abhAvake kAraN nira.nkush ananta shaktike ullasit
honese samasta traikAlik lokAlokake -AkArame.n vyApta hokar 3kUTasthatayA atyanta niShka.np hai,

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saukhyalakShaN -bhUtAmAtmano.avyatiriktA.n bibhrANa.n kevalamev saukhyam, tataH kutaH
kevalasukhayorvyatirekaH . ataH sarvathA kevala.n sukhamaikAntikamanumodanIyam ..60..
cha kevalaj~nAnAdbhinnapariNAmo.asti yen khedo bhaviShyati . athavA pariNAmaviShaye dvitIyavyAkhyAna.n
kriyate ---yugapadanantapadArthaparichChittipariNAme.api vIryAntarAyaniravasheShakShayAdanantavIryatvAt khedakAraNa.n
nAsti, tathaiv cha shuddhAtmasarvapradesheShu samarasIbhAven pariNamamAnAnA.n sahajashuddhAnandaikalakShaNasukh-
rasAsvAdapariNatirUpAmAtmanaH sakAshAdabhinnAmanAkulatA.n prati khedo nAsti . sa.nj~nAlakShaNaprayojanAdi-
bhede.api nishchayenAbhedarUpeN pariNamamAna.n kevalaj~nAnamev sukha.n bhaNyate . tataH sthitametatkevalaj~nAnAdbhinna.n
sukha.n nAsti . tat ev kevalaj~nAne khedo na sa.nbhavatIti ..60.. ath punarapi kevalaj~nAnasya sukhasvarUpatA.n
prakArAntareN dR^iDhayati — NANa.n attha.ntagaya.n j~nAna.n kevalaj~nAnamarthAntagata.n j~neyAntaprApta.n . loyAloesu vitthaDA
isaliye AtmAse abhinna aisA sukh -lakShaNabhUt anAkulatAko dhAraN karatA huA kevalaj~nAn
hI sukh hai, isaliye kevalaj~nAn aur sukhakA vyatirek kahA.N hai ?
isase, yah sarvathA anumodan karane yogya hai (-Anandase sa.nmat karane yogya hai) ki
‘kevalaj~nAn aikAntik sukh hai’ .
bhAvArtha : — kevalaj~nAname.n bhI pariNAm hote rahanese vahA.N bhI thakAn lagegI aur isaliye
duHkh hogA ataH kevalaj~nAn aikAntik sukh kaise ho sakatA hai? aisI sha.nkAkA samAdhAn yahA.N
kiyA gayA hai : —
(1) pariNAm mAtra thakAvaT yA duHkhakA kAraN nahI.n hai, kintu ghAtikarmo.nke nimittase
honevAlA paronmukh pariNAm thakAvaT yA duHkhakA kAraN hai, kevalaj~nAname.n ghAtikarma avidyamAn
honese vahA.N thakAvaT yA duHkh nahI.n hai . (2) kevalaj~nAn svaya.n hI pariNamanashIl hai; pariNaman
kevalaj~nAnakA svarUp hI hai upAdhi nahI.n . yadi pariNAmakA nAsh ho jAye to kevalaj~nAnakA hI
. isaprakAr pariNAm kevalaj~nAnakA sahaj svarUp honese kevalaj~nAnako pariNAmake
dvArA khed nahI.n ho sakatA — nahI.n hotA . (3) kevalaj~nAn samasta traikAlik lokAlokako
AkArako (-samasta padArtho.nke traikAlik j~neyAkArasamUhako) sarvadA aDolarUpase jAnatA huA
atyanta niShka.np -sthir -akShubdha -anAkul hai; aur anAkul honese sukhI hai — sukhasvarUp – hai,
kyo.nki anAkulatA sukhakA hI lakShaN hai . isaprakAr kevalaj~nAn aur akShubdhatA – anAkulatA
bhinna nahI.n honese kevalaj~nAn aur sukh bhinna nahI.n hai.n .
isaprakAr (1) ghAtikarmo.nke abhAvake kAraN, (2) pariNaman koI upAdhi na
honese aur (3) kevalaj~nAn niShka.np -sthir -anAkul honese kevalaj~nAn sukhasvarUp hI
hai ..60..

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ath punarapi kevalasya sukhasvarUpatA.n nirUpayannupasa.nharati —
NANa.n attha.ntagaya.n loyAloesu vitthaDA diTThI .
NaTThamaNiTTha.n savva.n iTTha.n puN ja.n tu ta.n laddha.n ..61..
j~nAnamarthAntagata.n lokAlokeShu vistR^itA dR^iShTiH .
naShTamaniShTa.n sarvamiShTa.n punaryattu tallabdham ..61..
svabhAvapratighAtAbhAvahetuka.n hi saukhyam . Atmano hi dR^ishij~naptI svabhAvaH, tayorlokA-
lokavistR^itatvenArthAntagatatven cha svachChandavijR^imbhitatvAdbhavati pratighAtAbhAvaH . tatastaddhetuka.n
saukhyamabhedavivakShAyA.n kevalasya svarUpam . ki.nch kevala.n saukhyamev; sarvAniShTaprahANAt.h,
diTThI lokAlokayorvistR^itA dR^iShTiH kevaladarshanam . NaTThamaNiTTha.n savva.n aniShTa.n duHkhamaj~nAna.n cha tatsarva.n naShTa.n . iTTha.n
puN ja.n hi ta.n laddha.n iShTa.n punaryad j~nAna.n sukha.n cha hi sphu Ta.n tatsarva.n labdhamiti . tadyathA – svabhAvapratighAtAbhAv-
hetuka.n sukha.n bhavati . svabhAvo hi kevalaj~nAnadarshanadvaya.n, tayoH pratighAt AvaraNadvaya.n, tasyAbhAvaH
kevalinA.n, tataH kAraNAtsvabhAvapratighAtAbhAvahetukamakShayAnantasukha.n bhavati . yatashcha paramAnandaikalakShaN-
ab, punaH ‘keval (arthAt kevalaj~nAn) sukhasvarUp hai’ aisA nirUpaN karate hue
upasa.nhAr karate hai.n : —
anvayArtha : — [j~nAna.n ] j~nAn [arthAntagata.n ] padArtho.nke pArako prApta hai [dR^iShTiH ] aur
darshan [lokAlokeShu vistR^itAH ] lokAlokame.n vistR^it hai; [sarva.n aniShTa.n ] sarva aniShTa [naShTa.n ]
naShTa ho chukA hai [punaH ] aur [yat tu ] jo [iShTa.n ] iShTa hai [tat ] vah sab [labdha.n ] prApta
huA hai . [isaliye keval (arthAt kevalaj~nAn) sukhasvarUp hai .] ..61..
TIkA : — sukhakA kAraN svabhAvapratighAtakA abhAv hai . AtmAkA svabhAv darshan-
j~nAn hai; (kevaladashAme.n) unake (-darshan -j~nAnake) pratighAtakA abhAv hai, kyo.nki darshan
lokAlokame.n vistR^it honese aur j~nAn padArtho.nke pArako prApta honese ve (darshan -j~nAn)
svachChandatApUrvak (-svata.ntratApUrvak, binA a.nkush, kisIse binA dabe) vikasit hai.n (isaprakAr
darshan -j~nAnarUp svabhAvake pratighAtakA abhAv hai) isaliye svabhAvake pratighAtakA abhAv
jisakA kAraN hai aisA sukh abhedavivakShAse kevalaj~nAnakA svarUp hai .
arthAntagat Che j~nAn, lokAlokavistR^it dR^iShTi Che;
Che naShTa sarva aniShTa ne je iShTa te sau prApta Che. 61.