svarUpaprakAshanadashAyAn pradIpasyev kartRukarmaNorananyatvAt gnAyak ev .
aur jaise dAhya ( — jalane yogya padArtha) ke AkAr honese agniko dahan kahate hain tathApi usake dAhyakRut ashuddhatA nahIn hotI, usI prakAr gneyAkAr honese us ‘bhAv’ke sAth gnAyakatA prasiddha hai, tathApi usake gneyakRut ashuddhatA nahIn hai; kyonki gneyAkAr avasthAmen jo gnAyakarUpase gnAt huA vah svarUpaprakAshanakI (svarUpako jAnanekI) avasthAmen bhI dIpakakI bhAnti, kartA- karmakA ananyatva honese gnAyak hI hai — svayam jAnanevAlA hai, isalie svayam kartA aur apaneko jAnA, isalie svayam hI karma hai . (jaise dIpak ghaTapaTAdiko prakAshit karanekI avasthAmen bhI dIpak hai aur apaneko — apanI jyotirUp shikhAko — prakAshit karanekI avasthAmen bhI dIpak hI hai, anya kuchh nahIn; usI prakAr gnAyakakA samajhanA chAhiye .)
bhAvArtha : — ashuddhatA paradravyake sanyogase AtI hai . usamen mUl dravya to anya dravyarUp nahIn hotA, mAtra paradravyake nimittase avasthA malin ho jAtI hai . dravyadRuShTise to dravya jo hai vahI hai aur paryAy(avasthA)-dRuShTise dekhA jAye to malin hI dikhAI detA hai . isIprakAr AtmAkA svabhAv gnAyakatvamAtra hai, aur usakI avasthA pudgalakarmake nimittase rAgAdirUp malin hai vah paryAy hai . paryAy-dRuShTise dekhA jAy to vah malin hI dikhAI detA hai aur dravyadRuShTise dekhA jAye to gnAyakatva to gnAyakatva hI hai; yah kahIn jaDatva nahIn huA . yahAn dravyadRuShTiko pradhAn karake kahA hai . jo pramatta-apramattake bhed hain ve paradravyake sanyogajanit paryAy hain . yah ashuddhatA dravyadRuShTimen gauN hai, vyavahAr hai, abhUtArtha hai, asatyArtha hai, upachAr hai . dravyadRuShTi shuddha hai, abhed hai, nishchay hai, bhUtArtha hai, satyArtha hai, paramArtha hai . isaliye AtmA gnAyak hI hai; usamen bhed nahIn hai isaliye vah pramatta-apramatta nahIn hai . ‘gnAyak’ nAm bhI use gneyako jAnanese diyA jAtA hai; kyonki gneyakA pratibimba jab jhalakatA hai tab gnAnamen vaisA hI anubhav hotA hai . tathApi use gneyakRut ashuddhatA nahIn hai, kyonki jaisA gney gnAnamen pratibhAsit huA vaisA gnAyakakA hI anubhav karane par gnAyak hI hai . ‘yah jo main jAnanevAlA hUn so main hI hUn, anya koI nahIn’ — aisA apaneko apanA abhedarUp anubhav huA tab is jAnanerUp kriyAkA kartA svayam hI hai aur jise jAnA vah karma bhI svayam hI hai . aisA ek gnAyakatvamAtra svayam shuddha hai . — yah shuddhanayakA viShay hai . anya jo parasanyogajanit bhed hain ve sab bhedarUp ashuddhadravyArthikanayake viShay hain . ashuddhadravyArthikanay bhI shuddha dravyakI dRuShTimen paryAyArthik hI hai, isaliye vyavahAranay hI hai aisA Ashay samajhanA chAhie .